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· <title>Mēlpāṭi, Cōḻēśvara temple, time of Parakesarivarman Rājendra Cōḻa, year
· 9</title>
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· <forename>Emmanuel</forename>
· <surname>Francis</surname>
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20 <respStmt>
· <resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
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· <forename>Eugen</forename>
· <surname>Hultzsch</surname>
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· <forename>Emmanuel</forename>
· <surname>Francis</surname>
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· <p>This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported
· Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit
40 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to
· Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,
· California, 94041, USA.</p>
· <p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.</p>
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· <p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)
· under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant
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·<div type="edition" xml:lang="tam-Latn" rendition="class:tamil maturity:83215">
·
· <ab xml:lang="san-Latn" rendition="class:grantha maturity:83215">
95 <lb n="1"/>svasti śrī
· </ab>
· <lg n="1" met="āciriyappā">
· <l n="1">tiru maṉṉi vaḷara Iru-nila-maṭan=taiyum</l>
· <l n="2">pōṟ-caya-p-pāvaiyum c<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice>r-t-tani-c-celviyu<lb n="2" break="no"/>n=</l>
100 <l n="3">tan pe<supplied reason="undefined">ru</supplied>n=-teviyar āki <supplied reason="undefined">y-i</supplied>ṉpuṟa</l>
· <l n="4">neṭ<choice><orig>in</orig><reg>u</reg></choice>t<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>i</reg></choice>y<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>a</reg></choice>l ūḻiyuḷ I<supplied reason="undefined">ṭ</supplied>ai-tuṟai-nāṭun=</l>
· <l n="5">tu<supplied reason="undefined">ṭa</supplied>rvana vēli-p-pa<lb n="3" break="no"/>ṭar va<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>avāciyum</l>
· <l n="6">cuḷḷi-<supplied reason="omitted">c</supplied>cūḻmatiṭ koḷḷi-<supplied reason="undefined">p</supplied>-pāk<supplied reason="undefined">k</supplied>aiyum</l>
· <l n="7">naṇṇaṟk' aruma<lb n="4" break="no"/>raṇ maṇṇai-k-kaṭakka<supplied reason="undefined">mu</supplied>m</l>
105 <l n="8">po<supplied reason="undefined">ru</supplied>-kaṭal <choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice>ḻatt' araiyar ta muṭiyum</l>
· <l n="9">ā<supplied reason="undefined">ṅ</supplied>kavar <lb n="5"/>tēviyar ōṅkeḻil muṭiyu</l>
· <l n="10">muṉṉavar <supplied reason="omitted">pa</supplied>kkal-t teṉṉavar <supplied reason="undefined">v</supplied>aitta</l>
· <l n="11"><lb n="6"/>cun=tara-muṭiyum in=tira<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> āra<choice><sic>ḻan=</sic><corr>mum</corr></choice></l>
· <l n="12">teṇ-ṭirai Īḻa-ma<lb n="7" break="no"/>ṇṭala <supplied reason="undefined">mu</supplied>ḻuvatum</l>
110 <l n="13">eṟipaṭai-k= kēraḷan <supplied reason="undefined">mu</supplied><lb n="8" break="no"/>ṟaimaiyil cūṭuṅ</l>
· <l n="14">kulatanam ākiya palar-puka<lb n="9" break="no"/>ḻ muṭiyuñ</l>
· <l n="15">ceṅ-katir mālaiyuñ caṅ-katir vē<lb n="10" break="no"/>lai-t</l>
· <l n="16">tol peruṅ-kāval pala-paḻan=-t<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice>vuñ</l>
· <l n="17">ce<supplied reason="undefined">ru</supplied><lb n="11"/>viṟ cinavil Irupatt' oru-kāl</l>
115 <l n="18">araicukaḷai kaṭṭa parac<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>u</reg></choice>-rāman</l>
· <l n="19"><lb n="12"/>mēvaruñ c<supplied reason="undefined">ā</supplied>n=timatt<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice>v' araṇ karuti</l>
· <l n="20">Iruttiya cem-p<supplied reason="undefined">oṟ</supplied>ṟiru<lb n="13" break="no"/>-t-taku muṭiyum</l>
· <l n="21">payaṅ-koṭu paḻi mika <supplied reason="undefined">mu</supplied><choice><orig>c</orig><reg>y</reg></choice>a<supplied reason="undefined">ṅ</supplied>kiyil <supplied reason="undefined">mu</supplied>tukiṭṭ'</l>
· <l n="22">oḷitta <lb n="14"/>caya-ciṅkaṉ Aḷapperum pukaḻoṭu</l>
120 <l n="23"><supplied reason="undefined">pī</supplied>ṭi I<choice><orig>l</orig><reg>r</reg></choice>aṭṭa-pāṭi Ēḻ' arai</l>
· <l n="24">Ilak=kamu na<supplied reason="undefined">va</supplied><lb n="15" break="no"/>neti-<supplied reason="undefined">k</supplied>-ku<supplied reason="undefined">la</supplied>-p-pe<supplied reason="undefined">ru</supplied>malaikaḷu</l>
· <l n="25">mā-p-<supplied reason="undefined">p</supplied>e<supplied reason="undefined">ru</supplied>n=taṇ<supplied reason="undefined">ṭā</supplied>ṟ koṇ<supplied reason="undefined">ṭa</supplied></l>
· </lg>
· <p>
125 kō-p-parakē<hi rend="grantha">sari</hi>-<supplied reason="undefined">pa</supplied>
· <lb n="16" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha">nma</hi>r-ā<supplied reason="omitted">ṉa</supplied> <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-<supplied reason="undefined">rā</supplied>je<hi rend="grantha">n<choice><orig>t</orig><reg>d</reg></choice>ra</hi>-cōḻa<hi rend="grantha">de</hi>varkku yāṇṭu 9-tāvatu
· </p>
· <p>
· jayaṅ-koṇṭa-c<supplied reason="undefined">ō</supplied>
130 <lb n="17" break="no"/>ḻa-maṇṭala<supplied reason="undefined">t</supplied>tu perum-pāṇa-p-pāṭi-t-tūy-nāṭṭu mēṟ-pāṭi-y-āna rāj<supplied reason="undefined">ā</supplied><hi rend="grantha">śra<supplied reason="omitted">ya</supplied></hi>
· <lb n="18" break="no"/>-purattu tiru-<supplied reason="undefined">v-a</supplied>ṟiñc<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice><hi rend="grantha">śva</hi>ra<choice><orig>mm</orig><reg>m</reg></choice>-uṭaiya <hi rend="grantha">mah<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>-de</hi>var maṭam-uṭaiya Ilakuḷ<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice><hi rend="grantha"><supplied reason="undefined">śva</supplied></hi>
· <lb n="19" break="no"/>ra-paṇṭitar ka<hi rend="grantha">nmi</hi>kaḷuk=ku It-tēvar āṭu toṇṇūṟu kaiy-k-k<supplied reason="undefined">o</supplied>ṇ<supplied reason="undefined">ṭu</supplied>
· <lb n="20"/>tiru-nan=tā-viḷakku Onṟinukku Erikka ne<choice><orig>yy</orig><reg>y</reg></choice> aṭṭuvatāka <supplied reason="undefined">Iv</supplied>v-ūr iruk=kum iṭ<supplied reason="undefined">ai</supplied>
· <lb n="21" break="no"/><supplied reason="undefined">ya</supplied><choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> Ēṟaṉ cātta<supplied reason="undefined"><choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>u</supplied>k=ku Ivv-ūr irukkum Iṭaiyan kalli kuṭṭēṟa<choice><orig>ni</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>um pu
135 <lb n="22" break="no"/>ṉṉai ciṅka<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>um Ēṇi kaṅkātara<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>um vāṇa<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> co<supplied reason="undefined">m</supplied>ā<supplied reason="undefined">ta</supplied><supplied reason="omitted">ṉu</supplied>n= taṇṭanāṉai<supplied reason="undefined">yu</supplied>
· <lb n="23" break="no"/>m nampi cātēva<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>u<supplied reason="omitted">m</supplied> Ayiti kāṭāṭi<supplied reason="omitted">yu</supplied>m nampi tiṇaiya<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>um nampi paṉṟiyu
· <lb n="24" break="no"/>m vāṇa<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> puḷiya<supplied reason="undefined"><choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>u</supplied><supplied reason="omitted">m</supplied> Āka Ivv-aṉaivōm oṭṭi-p puṇai-p-paṭṭa paric' āvatu
· </p>
· <p>
140 I
· <lb n="25"/>ṭaiya<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> ēṟaṉ cāttaṉai-k koṇṭu tiru-nan=tā-viḷakk' oṉṟinukku rā<supplied reason="undefined">ca</supplied>kē
· <lb n="26" break="no"/>cariyāl nicatam Uḻakku <supplied reason="undefined">n</supplied>e<choice><orig>yy</orig><reg>y</reg></choice> aṭ<supplied reason="undefined">ṭu</supplied>vippat' ākavum
· </p>
· <p>
145 <supplied reason="undefined">I</supplied>vaṉ cāvilum <supplied reason="undefined">po</supplied>ki
· <lb n="27" break="no"/>lum ciṟai taḷai caṅkili pukilum Ivv-aṉaivō <supplied reason="undefined">mu</supplied>ṉpu <supplied reason="undefined">ni</supplied>ṉṟōmē ca
· <lb n="28" break="no"/>n=tirātitta-vaṟ ti<supplied reason="undefined">ru</supplied>-viḷak=k' erik=ka ney aṭṭuvat-āka puṇai-p-paṭṭōm Ivv-aṉaivōm
· </p>
· <p>
150 <lb n="29"/>Ivarka<supplied reason="undefined">ḷ</supplied> vēṇṭa v-<supplied reason="undefined">e</supplied>ḻuti<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>ēṉ I<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied>-nakara-k-karaṇattā<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> poṉṉāli <supplied reason="undefined">A</supplied>ṟu-
· <lb n="30" break="no"/>-patt-iruva<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>-ēṉ Eḻuttu <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g>
· </p>
· <p>
· rācā<hi rend="grantha">śra</hi><supplied reason="undefined">ya</supplied>-purattu viyāpāri Am<supplied reason="undefined">mu</supplied>ri <supplied reason="undefined">I</supplied>ḷa<supplied reason="undefined">m</supplied>peru
155 <lb n="31"/>n=ti
· </p>
·
·</div>
·
160
·
·
·
·
165
·
·
·
·
170
·
·
·<div type="translation" source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01">
·
175 <p n="1">Hail! Prosperity! In the 9th year <supplied reason="subaudible">of the reign</supplied> of king Parakesarivarman,<hi rend="italic">alias</hi> Śrī-Rājendra-Cōḻadeva, who,——in <supplied reason="subaudible">his</supplied> life of high prosperity, while Fortune, having become constant, was increasing, <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> while the goddess of the great earth, the goddess of victory in battle, and the matchless goddess of fame rejoiced to have become his great queens,——conquered with <supplied reason="subaudible">his</supplied> very great army Iṭaituṟai-nāṭu; Vanavāci, whose warriors <supplied reason="subaudible">were protected by</supplied> walls of continuous forests; Koḷḷippākkai, whose walls were surrounded by <foreign>cuḷḷi</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">trees</supplied>; the camp of Maṇṇai,<note>See Mr. Rice's <hi rend="italic">Epigraphia Carnataca</hi>, Part 1. p. 10 of the Introduction.</note> whose fortifications were unapproachable; the crown of the king of Īḻam, <supplied reason="subaudible">who was as impetuous as</supplied> the sea in fighting; the exceedingly beautiful crowns of the queens of that <supplied reason="subaudible">king</supplied>; the crown of Sundara and the pearl necklace of Indra, which the king of the South <supplied reason="explanation">i.e. the Pāṇḍya</supplied> had previously given up to that <supplied reason="subaudible">king of Īḻam</supplied>; the whole Īḻa-maṇṭalam on the transparent sea; the crown praised by many and the garland of the Sun, family-treasures which the arrow-shooting <supplied reason="subaudible">king of</supplied> Kēraḷa rightfully wore; many ancient islands, whose old and great guard was the sea which resounds with conches; the crown of pure gold, worthy of Lakṣmī, which Paraśurāma, having considered the fortifications of Cāntimattīvu impregnable, had deposited <supplied reason="subaudible">there</supplied>, when, in anger, <supplied reason="subaudible">he</supplied> bound the kings twenty-one times in battle; the seven and a half <foreign>lakṣa</foreign>s of Ilaṭṭa-pāṭi, <supplied reason="subaudible">through the conquest of whose</supplied> throne<note><foreign>pīṭi</foreign> is perhaps the Sanskrit <foreign>pīṭhī</foreign>.</note> immeasurable fame arose, <supplied reason="subaudible">and which he took from</supplied> Jayasiṁha, who, out of fear <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> full of vengeance, turned his back at Mucaṅki and hid himself; and the principal great mountains <supplied reason="subaudible">which contained</supplied> the nine treasures <supplied reason="subaudible">of Kubera</supplied>;——before the Pūjāri <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaṉmikaḷ</foreign></supplied> Lakuḷīśvara-Paṇḍita, <supplied reason="subaudible">the head</supplied> of the <foreign>maṭha</foreign> of <supplied reason="subaudible">the god</supplied> Mahādeva of the holy Aṟiñcīśvara <supplied reason="subaudible">temple</supplied> in Mēṟpāṭi, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> Rājāśrayapuram, <supplied reason="subaudible">a city</supplied> in Tūy-nāṭu, <supplied reason="subaudible">a subdivision</supplied> of Perumpāṇa-pāṭi in Jayaṅkoṇḍa-Cōḻa-maṇṭalam,——we, all the following shepherds of this village: Kalli-Kuṭṭēṟaṉ, Puṉṉai Ciṅkaṉ <supplied reason="explanation">i.e. Siṁha</supplied>, Ēṇi Gaṅgādharaṉ,<note>The same person is mentioned in line 16 of No. 17.</note> Vāṇaṉ Cō<supplied reason="undefined">m</supplied>ā<supplied reason="undefined">ta</supplied>ṉ <supplied reason="explanation">i.e. Somanātha</supplied>, Taṇṭaṉ Āṉai, Nampi Cātēvaṉ <supplied reason="explanation">i.e. Sahadeva</supplied>, Ayiti Kāṭāṭi, Nampi-Tiṇaiyaṉ, Nampi Paṉṟi and Vāṇaṉ Puḷiyaṉ, agreed to become security for Ēṟaṉ-Cāttaṉ, a shepherd of this village, <supplied reason="subaudible">who</supplied> had received ninety ewes of this temple, in order to supply ghee for burning one perpetual lamp.</p>
· <p n="24"><supplied reason="subaudible">We</supplied> shall cause the shepherd Ēṟaṉ Cāttaṉ to supply daily to one perpetual lamp <supplied reason="subaudible">one</supplied> <foreign>uḻakku</foreign> of ghee, <supplied reason="subaudible">measured</supplied> by the <foreign>Rājakēsari</foreign>.</p>
· <p n="26">If he dies, absconds, or gets into prison, fetters <supplied reason="subaudible">or</supplied> chains, we, all these aforesaid persons, are bound to supply ghee for burning the holy lamp as long as the moon and the sun endure.</p>
· <p n="29">At the desire of these persons, I, the accountant of this city, Poṉṉāli Aṟupattiruvaṉ, wrote <supplied reason="subaudible">this. This is</supplied> my writing.</p>
· <p n="30"><supplied reason="subaudible">The signature of</supplied> Am<supplied reason="undefined">mu</supplied>ri <supplied reason="undefined">I</supplied>ḷa<supplied reason="undefined">m</supplied>-Perunti, a merchant <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vyāpārin</foreign></supplied> of Rājāśrayapuram.</p>
180</div>
·
·<div type="translation" resp="part:emfr">
·
· <p n="1">Prosperity! Fortune!</p>
185
· <p n="15-16">9th year of the glorious king Rājendra Cōḻa<hi rend="italic">alias</hi>the king Parakesarivarma,</p>
·
· <p n="1-15">who ... [<foreign>meykkīrtti</foreign> of Rājendra I Cōḷa]</p>
·
190 <p n="16-24">This is the manner in which
· ...</p>
· <p n="24-26">There should
· ...</p>
· <p n="26">...</p>
195 <p n="1">...</p>
· <p n="1">...</p>
· <p n="1">...</p>
·
·</div>
200
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·<div type="bibliography">
205
·
· <p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl>, with English translation (SII 3.18).</p>
· <p>This edition by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl> and photos (E. Francis, 2024).</p>
·
210 <listBibl type="primary">
·
· <bibl n="SII">
· <ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/>
· <citedRange unit="page">27-29</citedRange>
215 <citedRange unit="item">18</citedRange>
· </bibl>
·
· </listBibl>
·
220
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225
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230
·</div>
·</body>
·</text>
·</TEI>