Ukkal, Perumāḷ temple, time of Parakesarivarman, year 37

Editors: Emmanuel Francis, Eugen Hultzsch.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSII0300012.

Summary: ...

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (tfa-sii-epigraphy).

Version: (bbe36dc), last modified (dc9cbca).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

matirai koṇṭa kō-p-para-kēsari-pa[r]mmaṟku yāṇṭu muppa[tt]’ eḻ-āvatu

kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu-t taṉ kūṟṟu-c civa-cūḷā[⟨⟨maṇi⟩⟩]-ma[ṅ]ka[la]m-āki[ya] śrī-vikra⟨2⟩mābharaṇa-c-caturvvedi-ma[ṅ]galattu sabhaiyōm

Emm-ūr-p pu⟨⟨va⟩⟩ṉi-[m]āṇikka-viṣṇu-gr̥hattu-p perumāṉ-aṭikaḷukku deva-bhogam-ā⟨3⟩ka Ivar muṉṉ-uṭaiya periya nan=ta-vāṉam Uṭpaṭa Emm-ūr vaṭa-piṭākai-c cōtiyam-pākkam-āṉa Ūru[m] Ūr-irukkaiyum Ēriyu ⟨4⟩ naṉ-ceyyum puṉ-ceyyum vaḷaiyiṟ cuṟṟu Uṭump’ ōṭi Āmai tavaḻntat’ eppērppaṭṭatum [I]p-puvaṉi-māṇik⟨5⟩ka-viṣṇu-gr̥hahat[tu]-p perumāṉ-aṭikaḷukku Ārādhippārkkum A[r]ccanā-bhogattukkun tri-kālan ti[ru]-v-amr̥tukkum Iraṇṭu no[n=t]ā-viḷakku⟨kku⟩m sa[ndhi]kaḷil [dī]pa⟨6⟩-m[ā]lai[ka]ḷukkum tiru-v-utsavattukkum [A]yaṉamum viṣuvum ¡gr̥!⟨gra⟩haṇamum snapanañ ce[y]vat’ ākavum śrī-balikkun tiru-v-uṇṇāḻikai-p puṟa maṟṟum ep⟨7⟩pērppaṭṭatukkun d[e]va-bhogam āvat’ ākavum

Ivv-ūr [cu]ṭṭi Eppērppaṭṭa Iṟaiyuṅ kāṭṭa-p peṟātōm ākavum

Ivv-ūr Ēṟiṉa kuṭikaḷai sabhā-niyogatt[ā]l sa¡m·!⟨ṃ⟩vatsara⟨8⟩-vāriyañ ceyvōmum Ē[ri]-vāriyañ ceyvōmum toṭṭa-vāriyañ ceyvōmum Ik-kuṭikaḷai veṭṭi[yu]m vēti[ḷai]yum vāla-k-kāṇamum koḷḷa-p peṟātōm [ā]⟨9⟩kavum

Ivv-ūr-k kuṭika[ḷai]-k kuṟṟan doṣamaṉṟu[p]āṭu devarē-y [da]ṇḍittu-k koḷvat’ ākavum

Oṭṭi-k kuṭut[tu] ¿śl?⟨śil⟩ā-lekhai ceytu Eḻuttu veṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm sa⟨10⟩bhaiyōm

It’ a[ṉ]ṟ’ e[ṉ]ṟu Iṟa⟨k⟩[ka] nikā¿ntya?⟨ta⟩ñ co[ṉ]ṉōm kaṅkai Iṭai-k kumari Iṭai-c ceytār ceyta pāva[ṅ] koḷv¿[ā]r?⟨ōm⟩ ākavum

Itaṟ [ti]ṟampi[ṉōm]ē śraddhāma[nda]⟨11⟩r[ē]-y mey-vēṟu nicati nūṟṟ’ eṭ[ṭu-k kā]ṇan [ta]ṇṭa-p-paṭa Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm

Is-sabhaiyu¡ḷḷ!⟨ḷ⟩ iruntu sabh[ai]yār paṇippa v-eḻu[ti]ṉ[ēṉ] Ivv-ūr maddhya[stha]ṉ [po]ṟṟi-k-kuṟi brahma-priya⟨ṉ⟩-[ē]⟨ṉ⟩

Translation by Hultzsch 1899

(1) Hail! Prosperity! In the thirty-seventh year [of the reign] of king Parakesarivarman who conquered Matirai,——we, the assembly of Śivacūḷāmaṇimaṅgala, alias Śrī-Vikramābharaṇa-caturvedimaṅgalam, [a village] in its own subdivision of Kāliyūr-kōṭṭam, [ordered as follows]:——

(2) To the god of the Puvaṉimāṇikka-Viṣṇugr̥ham in our village shall belong, as a divine gift (deva-bhoga), the village called Cōtiyampākkam, a hamlet (piṭākai) to the north of our village,——including the great flower-garden which belonged to this [temple] previously,——the site of the village,1 the tank, the wet land, the dry land, and everything within [its] limits, on which the iguana runs and the tortoise crawls,2 for the worshippers of the god of this Puvaṉimāṇikka-Viṣṇugr̥ha, for the requirements of the worship, for oblations (tiruvamr̥du) at the three times [of the day],3 for two perpetual lamps, for rows of lamps at twilight, for festivals, for the bathing [of the idol] at solstices, equinoxes and eclipses, for offerings (śrībali), [for] supplies4 to the store-room5 of the temple, and for all other purposes.

(7) We shall not be entitled to levy any kind of tax from this village. We, [the great men] elected for the year, we, [the great men] elected for [the supervision of] the tank, and we, [the great men] elected for [the supervision of] gardens, shall not be entitled to claim, at the order of the assembly, forced labour veṭṭi,6 vēti[ḷai] and vālakkāṇam from the inhabitants settled in this village.

(9) [If] a crime [or] sin becomes public, the god [i.e. the temple authorities] alone shall punish the inhabitants of this village [for it]. Having agreed [thus], we, the assembly, engraved [this] on stone.7

(10) If we utter the untruth that this is not [as stated above], in order to injure [the charity], we shall incur [all] the sins committed between the Gaṅgā and Kumari. We, the assembly, agree to pay a fine of one hundred and eight kāṇams per day, if we fail in this through indifference8 [5+] 9

(11) Having been present in this assembly, I, the arbitrator of this village, [Po]ṟṟikkuṟi Brahmapriyaṉ, wrote [this] at the order of the assembly.

Translation by Emmanuel Francis

(1) Prosperity! Fortune!

Bibliography

Reported in Hultzsch 1893 (ARIE/1892-1893/B/1893/30).

Edited in Hultzsch 1899, with English translation and facsimile (SII 3.12).

This edition by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on Hultzsch 1899.

Primary

[SII] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1899. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume III: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil country. Part I: Inscriptions at Ukkal, Melpadi, Karuvur, Manimangalam and Tiruvallam. South Indian Inscriptions 3.1. Madras: Governement Press. Pages 18–20, item 12, plate III.

Secondary

Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1893. G.O. Nos. 642-43, 14th August 1893. Epigraphy. Directing, with remarks, Dr. Hultzsch's report on Epigraphical work done during 1892-93 be forwarded to the Govrnement of India and approving of the programme for the next field season. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department. Page 13, appendix B/1893, item 30.

Notes

  1. 1. The term ūr-irukkai occurs in the Tañjāvūr inscriptions, Vol. II. Nos. 4 and 5.
  2. 2. Compare Vol. II. p. 360, note 1.
  3. 3. See above, p. 11, note 3.
  4. 4. On puṟam see above, p. 6, note 9.
  5. 5. This translation of uṇṇāḻikai is conjectural. The same word occurs in Vol. I. Nos. 82, 83, 145 and 150. Compare iṭanāḻi, ‘a passage between two rooms,’ in Dr. Gundert’s Malayāḷam Dictionary, p. 100.
  6. 6. See Ep. Ind. Vol. III. p. 323, note 1.
  7. 7. The ‘engraving’ is expressed twice, first in Sanskrit and then in Tamil.
  8. 8. Compare above, No. 7, 1. 6.
  9. 9. On mey veṟu see above, p. 13, note 1.