Cāṇaṅkuppam Hero-Stone no. 1

Editor: Emmanuel Francis.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00425.

Summary: Hero-stone commemorating the death of Viṉaiyittaṉ and donation in honour of the deceased hero.

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-09-10 11:54 (117d0d9), last modified 2024-06-06 16:22 (18e0138).

⟨1⟩ [svast]i śrī

kō-vicai⟨ya⟩-nan·ti-vikkirama-paruma⟨2⟩[ṟk]u yāṇṭu paṉ·ṉiraṇ·ṭ-āvatu

paṭuvūr-k⟨3⟩-k[ō]ṭ·ṭat·tu Aṭaiy¿a?⟨ā⟩ṟu-nāṭu vicaiyātit·ta⟨4⟩ṉ-āṉa kam·paṭikaḷ muruṅkai mēṟ paṭai vanta⟨5⟩[ñ]āṉṟu poṉ(·)ṉēṟar ka¡l!⟨ḷ⟩atti(l)uḷ· pāṉ· mu⟨6⟩[t]taraiyar marumakaṉ viṉaiy¡i!⟨ī⟩ttaṉ kutirai ⟨7⟩ [mu]ṭṭaṉi mēl Eṟintu pattāṉ

Avaṟ·ku (v)iṇṭa⟨8⟩l paṭ⟨9⟩ṭiyum⟨10⟩cemmā⟨11⟩rp·-paṭ⟨12⟩ṭiyum ⟨13⟩ (kuṭu)ttu

[unknown number of lost lines]

⟨14⟩ It’ aḻitāṉ nara […]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ °vicai⟨ya⟩° ⬦ °vicaiya° R • The letter ya possibly added below the line.

⟨3⟩ Aṭaiy¿a?⟨ā⟩ṟu° ⬦ Aṭaiyaṟu° R.

⟨5⟩ ka¡l!⟨ḷ⟩atti(l)uḷ· ⬦ kaḷattiluḷ R. — ⟨5⟩ pāṉ· ⬦ bāṇa(ṇa)- R • pāṉ· might be emended to pāṇa-.

⟨7⟩ (v)iṇṭa⟨8⟩l ⬦ miṇa⟨8⟩l R • R however comments on miṇṭal in his introduction to his edition.

Translation by Emmanuel Francis

(1) [Prosperity!] Fortune!

(1–2) Twelfth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman.

(2–7) Viṉaiyīttaṉ, the son-in-law [of] (Bāṇa) Muttaraiyar, fell fighting upon (mēl) … (kutirai muṭṭaṉi) in the battlefield (kaḷam) [with] Poṉṉērar, when Kampaṭikaḷ alias Vicaiyātittaṉ¹ marched² [with his] army upon Muruṅkai, in the Ātaiyāṟunāṭu of the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam.

(7–13) To him³, (having given) Viṇṭal Paṭṭi and Cemmār Paṭṭi …

[unknown number of lost lines]

(14) He who destroys⁴ this [donation] [he will go to] (hell ?) (nara⁵).

Commentary

Bibliography

Edited in Rajavelu 1996 (JESI no. 20.16); text in Dayalan 2005; re-edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on photographs (2009).

Primary

[R] Rajavelu, S. 1996. “Vellore Fort Museum inscription of Nandivarman II.” Journal of the Epigraphical Society of India 20, pp. 64–66.

[DD] Dayalan, D. 2005. Computer application in Indian epigraphy (Pallava period). 3 vols. New Delhi: Bharatiya Kala Prakashan. Volume 3, appendix I, page 1252, item 19.

Secondary

Katti, Madhav N. 1998. Annual report on Indian epigraphy for 1992-93. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India. Page 53, appendixes B/1992-93, item 315.

Notes

1. That is, Sanskrit Vijayāditya.
2. literally: “went”.
3. That is, “in honour of him”.
4. That is, “harms”.
5. That is, a lacunose form of narakam.

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paṭuvūr-k

<lb n="3" break="no"/>-k<supplied reason="lost">ō</supplied>ṭ·ṭat·tu Aṭaiy<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ṟu-nāṭu vicaiyātit·ta

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Avaṟ·ku <unclear>v</unclear>iṇṭa

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<lb n="9" break="no"/>ṭiyum

<lb n="10" break="no"/>cemmā

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<lb n="14"/>It’ aḻitāṉ nara <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>

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<lem>°vicai<supplied reason="omitted">ya</supplied>°</lem>

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<rdg source="bib:Rajavelu1994_01">kaḷattiluḷ</rdg>

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<supplied reason="lost">Prosperity!</supplied> Fortune!

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Twelfth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman.

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Viṉaiyīttaṉ, the son-in-law <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> <unclear>Bāṇa</unclear> Muttaraiyar, fell fighting upon <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mēl</foreign></supplied> <gap reason="ellipsis"/> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kutirai muṭṭaṉi</foreign></supplied> in the battlefield <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaḷam</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">with</supplied> Poṉṉērar, when Kampaṭikaḷ alias Vicaiyātittaṉ<note>That is, Sanskrit Vijayāditya.</note> marched<note>literally: “went”.</note> <supplied reason="subaudible">with his</supplied> army upon Muruṅkai, in the Ātaiyāṟunāṭu of the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam.

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To him<note>That is, “in honour of him”.</note>, <unclear>having given</unclear> Viṇṭal Paṭṭi and Cemmār Paṭṭi <gap reason="ellipsis"/>

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He who destroys<note>That is, “harms”.</note> this <supplied reason="subaudible">donation</supplied> <supplied reason="lost">he will go to</supplied> <unclear>hell ?</unclear> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nara</foreign><note>That is, a lacunose form of <foreign>narakam</foreign>.</note></supplied>.

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Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Rajavelu1994_01"/></bibl> (JESI no. 20.16); text in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Dayalan2005_01"/></bibl>; re-edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on photographs (2009).

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