Cāṇaṅkuppam, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 12

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: Hero-stone inscription commemorating the death of Viṉaiyittaṉ and donation in honour of the deceased hero. Slab exhibited in Vellore ASI Museum in 2009.

Palaeographic description: The puḷḷi is used.

Language: Tamil (tam) [Grantha (grantha), Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00425.

File path: DHARMA_INSPallava00425.xml.

Version: 2026-02-16 14:11 (e5c1a58), last modified 2025-09-24 16:03 (df3f0d0).

Edition

⟨1⟩ [svast]i śrī kō-vicai⟨ya⟩-nan·ti-vikkirama-paruma-
⟨2⟩ [ṟk]u yāṇṭu paṉ·ṉiraṇ·ṭ-āvatu paṭuvūr-k-
⟨3⟩ -k[ō]ṭ·ṭat·tu Aṭaiy¿a?ṟu-nāṭu vicaiyātit·ta-
⟨4⟩ ṉ-āṉa kam·paṭikaḷ muruṅkai mēṟ paṭai vanta-
⟨5⟩ [ñ]āṉṟu poṉ(·)ṉēṟar ka¡l!atti(l)uḷ· pāṉ· mu-
⟨6⟩ [t]taraiyar marumakaṉ viṉaiy¡i!ttaṉ kutirai
⟨7⟩ [mu]ṭṭaṉi mēl Eṟintu pattāṉ Avaṟ·ku (v)iṇṭa-
⟨8⟩ l paṭ-
⟨9⟩ ṭiyum-
⟨10⟩ cemmā-
⟨11⟩ rp·-paṭ-
⟨12⟩ ṭiyum
⟨13⟩ (kuṭu)ttu [unknown number of lost lines]
⟨14⟩ It’ aḻitāṉ nara […]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ °vicai⟨ya⟩° ⬦ °vicaiya° R • The letter ya possibly added below the line.

⟨3⟩ Aṭaiy¿a?⟨ā⟩ṟu° ⬦ Aṭaiyaṟu° R.

⟨5⟩ ka¡l!⟨ḷ⟩atti(l)uḷ· ⬦ kaḷattiluḷ R. — ⟨5⟩ pāṉ· ⬦ bāṇa(ṇa)- R • pāṉ· might be emended to pāṇa-.

⟨7⟩ (v)iṇṭa⟨8⟩l ⬦ miṇa⟨8⟩l R • R however comments on miṇṭal in his introduction to his edition.

Translation

⟨1⟩ [Prosperity!] Fortune!

⟨1–2⟩ Twelfth year of the victorious king Nantivikkiramaparumaṉ.¹

⟨2–7⟩ Viṉaiyīttaṉ, the son-in-law ⟨of⟩ (Bāṇa) Muttaraiyar, fell fighting upon (mēl) … (kutirai muṭṭaṉi) in the battlefield (kaḷam) ⟨with⟩ Poṉṉērar, when Kampaṭikaḷ alias Vicaiyātittaṉ² marched³ ⟨with his⟩ army upon Muruṅkai, in the Ātaiyāṟunāṭu of the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam.

⟨7–13⟩ To him⁴, (having given) Viṇṭal Paṭṭi and Cemmār Paṭṭi …

[unknown number of lost lines]

⟨14⟩ He who destroys⁵ this ⟨donation⟩ [he will go to] (hell ?) (nara⁶).

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1992-93 (ARIE/1992-1993/B/1992-1993/315).

Edited in Rajavelu 1996 (JESI 20.16). Text in Dayalan 2005. Edited in Pūṅkuṉṟaṉ 2021, with visual documentation (p. 281).

This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (2009).

Primary

[R] Rajavelu, S. 1996. “Vellore Fort Museum inscription of Nandivarman II.” JESI 20, pp. 64–66.

[D] Dayalan, D. 2005. Computer application in Indian epigraphy (Pallava period). 3 vols. New Delhi: Bharatiya Kala Prakashan. Volume 3, appendix I, page 1252, item 19.

[P] Pūṅkuṉṟaṉ, Ra. 2021. Tamiḻnāṭṭuk kalveṭṭukaḷ tokuti XVIII. Vēlūr māvaṭṭak kalveṭṭukaḷ tokuti I. TNSDA Epigraphical Series 57. Chennai: Government of Tamil Nadu, State Department of Archaeology. Item 134/2021, page 158.

Secondary

ARIE 1992-93. Annual report on Indian epigraphy for 1992-93. Edited by Madhav N. Katti. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India, 1998. Page 53, appendixes B/1992-93, item 315.

Notes

1. Sanskrit Nandivikramavarman.
2. Sanskrit Vijayāditya.
3. Literally: went.
4. That is, in honour of him.
5. That is, harms.
6. That is, a lacunose form of narakam.

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<lb n="3" break="no"/>-k<supplied reason="lost">ō</supplied>ṭ·ṭat·tu Aṭaiy<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ṟu-nāṭu vicaiyātit·ta

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<lb n="14"/>It’ aḻitāṉ nara <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>

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<lem>°vicai<supplied reason="omitted">ya</supplied>°</lem>

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<rdg source="bib:Rajavelu1994_01">kaḷattiluḷ</rdg>

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<supplied reason="lost">Prosperity!</supplied> Fortune!

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Twelfth year of the victorious king Nantivikkiramaparumaṉ.<note>Sanskrit Nandivikramavarman.</note>

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Viṉaiyīttaṉ, the son-in-law <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> <unclear>Bāṇa</unclear> Muttaraiyar, fell fighting upon <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mēl</foreign></supplied> <gap reason="ellipsis"/> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kutirai muṭṭaṉi</foreign></supplied> in the battlefield <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaḷam</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">with</supplied> Poṉṉērar, when Kampaṭikaḷ alias Vicaiyātittaṉ<note>Sanskrit Vijayāditya.</note> marched<note>Literally: went.</note> <supplied reason="subaudible">with his</supplied> army upon Muruṅkai, in the Ātaiyāṟunāṭu of the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam.

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To him<note>That is, in honour of him.</note>, <unclear>having given</unclear> Viṇṭal Paṭṭi and Cemmār Paṭṭi <gap reason="ellipsis"/>

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He who destroys<note>That is, harms.</note> this <supplied reason="subaudible">donation</supplied> <supplied reason="lost">he will go to</supplied> <unclear>hell ?</unclear> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nara</foreign><note>That is, a lacunose form of <foreign>narakam</foreign>.</note></supplied>.

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<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1992-1993"/></bibl> (ARIE/1992-1993/B/1992-1993/315).</p>

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Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Rajavelu1994_01"/></bibl> (JESI 20.16).

Text in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Dayalan2005_01"/></bibl>.

Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Punkunran2021_01"/></bibl>, with visual documentation (p. 281).

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<p>This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (2009).</p>

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