Cē. Kūṭalūr, time of Mahendravarman, year 38

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Contributor: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: Hero-stone inscription commemorating the death of a hero in a fight.

Palaeographic description: Two types of ṉ. Compare occurrences in lines 6 to 8.

Language: Tamil (tam) [Vaṭṭeḻuttu (vaṭṭeḻuttu)].

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00285.

File path: DHARMA_INSPallava00285.xml.

Version: 2026-08-14 13:33 (d9e9623), last modified 2026-07-17 15:32 (ecb0276).

Edition

⟨1⟩ kō-vicai-
⟨2⟩ ya-ma¡I!ntira-paru-
⟨3⟩ maṟ·ku (mu)-p-patt’ eṭṭ-ā-
⟨4⟩ vātu vāṇa-kō-¡A!raicaru maru-
⟨5⟩ -makkaḷ kan·ta-viṇṇa-
⟨6⟩ (ṉā)r kūṭal toṟu-k koṇṭa
⟨7⟩ (ñ)āṉṟu toṟu Iṭuvittu-p paṭṭā-
⟨8⟩ ṉ poṉ·ṉarampa(ṉā)r kol·laka-c-
⟨9⟩ c(ē)vakaṉ(·) kākkaṇṭi Aṇṇāvaṉ kal
⟨10⟩ kūṭal Iḷa-
⟨11⟩ -makkaḷ naṭuvi-
⟨12⟩ tta kal

Apparatus

⟨9⟩ kākkaṇṭi ⬦ kākaṇṭi CN.

Translation

⟨1–4⟩ Tirthy-eight ⟨year⟩ of the victorious king Mayintiraparumaṉ.¹

⟨4–9⟩ ⟨This is⟩ the stone ⟨of⟩ Kākaṇṭi Aṇṇāvaṉ, the servant of Poṉṉarampaṉār, he who fell recapturing (iṭuvittu²) cattle when Kantaviṇṇaṉār, the nephew of the royal Bāṇa king seized cattle ⟨in⟩ kūṭal.

⟨10–12⟩ ⟨This is⟩ stone that the ¿people? (iḷa-makkaḷ³) of Kūṭal had planted.

Bibliography

Edited in Nākacāmi 1972 (CN 1971/50). Text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 285).

This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (2009).

Primary

[CN] Nākacāmi, Irā. 1972. Ceṅkam naṭukaṟkaḷ. TNSDA publication 21. Ceṉṉai: Tamiḻnāṭu Aracu tolporuḷ Āyvuttuṟai. Item 1971/50.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Pages 676–677, item 285.

Notes

1. Sanskrit Mahendravarman.
2. That is (?), viṭuvittu, literally: liberating.
3. Mahalingam 1988 suggests to translate as "soldiers".

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<lb n="1"/>kō-vicai

<lb n="2" break="no"/>ya-ma<choice><orig>I</orig><reg>yi</reg></choice>ntira-paru

<lb n="3" break="no"/>maṟ·ku <unclear>mu</unclear>-p-patt’ eṭṭ-ā

<lb n="4" break="no"/>vātu

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vāṇa-kō-<choice><orig>A</orig><reg>v-a</reg></choice>raicaru maru

<lb n="5" break="no"/>-makkaḷ kan·ta-viṇṇa

<lb n="6" break="no"/><unclear>ṉā</unclear>r kūṭal toṟu-k koṇṭa

<lb n="7"/><unclear>ñ</unclear>āṉṟu toṟu Iṭuvittu-p paṭṭā

<lb n="8" break="no"/>ṉ poṉ·ṉarampa<unclear>ṉā</unclear>r kol·laka-c

<lb n="9" break="no"/>c<unclear>ē</unclear>vakaṉ<unclear>·</unclear> kākkaṇṭi Aṇṇāvaṉ kal

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<lb n="10"/>kūṭal Iḷa

<lb n="11" break="no"/>-makkaḷ naṭuvi

<lb n="12" break="no"/>tta kal

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<lem>kākkaṇṭi</lem>

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Tirthy-eight <supplied reason="subaudible">year</supplied> of the victorious king Mayintiraparumaṉ.<note>Sanskrit Mahendravarman.</note></p>

<supplied reason="subaudible">This is</supplied> the stone <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> Kākaṇṭi Aṇṇāvaṉ, the servant of Poṉṉarampaṉār, he who fell recapturing <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iṭuvittu</foreign><note>That is (?), <foreign>viṭuvittu</foreign>, literally: liberating.</note></supplied> cattle when Kantaviṇṇaṉār, the nephew of the royal Bāṇa king seized cattle <supplied reason="subaudible">in</supplied> kūṭal.

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<supplied reason="subaudible">This is</supplied> stone that the <seg cert="low">people</seg> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iḷa-makkaḷ</foreign><note><bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> suggests to translate as "soldiers".</note></supplied> of Kūṭal had planted.

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<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Nakacami1972_01"/></bibl> (CN 1971/50). Text and summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> (IP 285).</p>

<p>This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (2009).</p>

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