Baṅgavāḍi, time of Narasiṁhavikramavarman, year 24

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: Hero-stone inscription commemorating the death of a hero.

Language: Tamil (tam) [Tamil (tamil)].

Version: 2025-10-30 16:41 (152e922), last modified 2025-09-24 16:03 (df3f0d0).

Edition

⟨1⟩ (kō)-vic¡e!ya-naraciṅka-vikkirama-(pa)ruma[ṟk¡i!]
⟨2⟩ yā(ṇ)ṭu Irupattu nā¡l!(k)-āvatu daṭiya¿ṅ?ka-
⟨3⟩ (ḷu)⟨m⟩ ¡v!āṇa-rācar-um may¿i?ntira-¿m?ikk(i)ramar-um Eṟ(i)-
⟨4⟩ nta ¡toṉṟu! kanta-¡v!āṇ(ā)ti-Aracar cēvakar c(e)-
⟨5⟩ ḻikar eṟint(u) paṭṭār atu kaṉṉāṭakar-uṅ kā¿ṅ?ka
⟨6⟩ Itaṟk’ aḻippu [**********] pāta-
⟨7⟩ ka […]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ (kō)-vic¡e!⟨ai⟩ya° ⬦ (kō)-vicaiya° EI; kō-vicaiya° EC. — ⟨1⟩ °(pa)ruma[ṟk¡i!⟨u⟩] yā(ṇ)ṭu ⬦ °(pa)ruma⟨ṟk’ iyā(ṇ)ṭu⟩ EI; °paruma[2+] yā(ṇ)ṭu EC • We follow here the restoration of text proposed in Hultzsch 1902–1903, which is substantiated by the parallel in tfaPallava253. We, however, do not follow Hultzsch 1902–1903 in considering that we have here iyāṇṭu, that is yāṇṭu with epenthesis. Although this is possible, it seems unlikely considering other attestations of the dative variant ki for ku. See, e.g., tfaPallava252, line 2, where the following word begins with p.

⟨2⟩ nā¡l!⟨ṉ⟩(k)-āvatu ⬦ nālk-āvatu EC. — ⟨2⟩ daṭiya¿ṅ?⟨r⟩ka(ḷu)⟨m⟩ ⬦ daṭiyaṅka(ḷu)⟨m⟩ EI; daṭiyaṅka[2+] EC • Hultzsch 1902–1903 notes however that dāṭiyaṅkaḷ is a "vulgar form" for dāṭiyarkaḷ. Rice 1905’s original reading, according to his transliteration’s scheme, is daḍiyaṅga[2+], which represents, I surmise, daṭiyaṅka[2+].

⟨3⟩ may¿i?⟨e⟩ntira-¿m?⟨v⟩ikk(i)ramar-um ⬦ mayintiramikkiramar-um EI; mayintiramikkiramar-um EC • Hultzsch 1902–1903 notes that mayintiramikkiramar is a Prākrit corruption of Mahendravikrama. — ⟨3⟩ Eṟ(i)nta ⬦ eṟanta EC • Hultzsch 1902–1903 notes that mayintiramikkiramar is a Prākrit corruption of Mahendravikrama.

⟨4⟩ ¡toṉṟu!⟨toṟu⟩ • For toṉṟu as a variant of toṟu, Hultzsch 1902–1903 refers to "See above, Vol. IV. p. 179, note 2, and Vol. VI. p. 163". — ⟨4⟩ °vāṇ(ā)ti° ⬦ vāṇati EC. — ⟨4⟩ cēvakar ⬦ cēvakari EC. — ⟨4⟩ c(e)ḻikar ⬦ cēḻi[1+]kar EC.

⟨5⟩ eṟint(u) ⬦ eṟinta EC. — ⟨5⟩ kā¿ṅ?⟨ṇ⟩ka ⬦ kāṅka EI • Hultzsch 1902–1903 notes however that kāṅka is a "vulgar form" for kāṇka.

⟨6⟩ aḻippu ⬦ aḻi(ppu) EI. — ⟨6⟩ aḻippu [ca. 10×] pātaka […] ⬦ aḻi [2+] ṅ [8+] r pāta [13+] EC.

Translation by Hultzsch 1902–1903¹

In the twenty-fourth year [of the reign] of king Vijaya-Narasiṁhavikramavarman, Cēḻikar, the servant of Skanda-Bāṇādhirāja, fell, having seized [back] the cattle that had been seized by Daḍiya, Bāṇarāja and Mahendravikrama. Let the Kaṉṉāḍakas (i.e. the Kanarese people) look after this [stone]! [Those who] injure it [shall incur the five great sins].

Commentary

Hultzsch: "bears the representation of a warrior riding on a horse at full gallop".

Hultzsch: "reign of the (Gaṅga-Pallava) king Vijaya-Narasiṁhavikramavarman".

Hultzsch: "The infinitive kâṇga is used in a similar manner in l. 105 of the Kaśākuḍi plates; SII 2, p. 351."

Reference to parallel(s) for the formula "[Those who] injure it [shall incur the five great sins]"?

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1898-99 (ARIE/1898-1899/B/1899/103).

Edited in Hultzsch 1902–1903 with visual documentation and English translation (EI 7.4.1). Edited in Rice 1905 with visual documentation (line 6 missing) and English translation (EC 10, Mulbagal.227). Text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 252).

This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on the edition and visual documentation published in Hultzsch 1902–1903.

Primary

[EI] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1902–1903. “Three memorial stones.” EI 7, pp. 22–26. Pages 22–23, item I.

[EC] Rice, Benjamin Lewis. 1905. Epigraphia Carnatica. Vol. X. Inscriptions in the Kolar district. Mysore Archaeological Series. Epigraphia Carnatica 10. Mangalore: Basel Mission Press. Part Text of the inscriptions in Roman characters, page 152, item 227, part Translations of the inscriptions, page 126, item 227.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Page 631, item 256.

Secondary

[ARIE] ARIE 1898-99. G.O., &c., Nos. 922-23, 19th August 1899. Epigraphy. Passing orders on the annual report on – for 1898-99. Copy to the Government of India. Edited by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department, 1899. Page 25, appendix B/1899, item 103.

Notes

1. Text standardised according to DHARMA transliteration scheme.

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<p>In the twenty-fourth year <supplied reason="subaudible">of the reign</supplied> of king Vijaya-Narasiṁhavikramavarman, Cēḻikar, the servant of Skanda-Bāṇādhirāja, fell, having seized <supplied reason="subaudible">back</supplied> the cattle that had been seized by Daḍiya, Bāṇarāja and Mahendravikrama. Let the Kaṉṉāḍakas <supplied reason="explanation">i.e. the Kanarese people</supplied> look after this <supplied reason="subaudible">stone</supplied>! [Those who] injure it [shall incur the five great sins].</p>

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<p>Hultzsch: "bears the representation of a warrior riding on a horse at full gallop".</p>

<p>Hultzsch: "reign of the (Gaṅga-Pallava) king Vijaya-Narasiṁhavikramavarman".</p>

<p>Hultzsch: "The infinitive kâṇga is used in a similar manner in l. 105 of the Kaśākuḍi plates; SII 2, p. 351."</p>

<p>Reference to parallel(s) for the formula "[Those who] injure it [shall incur the five great sins]"?</p>

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<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1898-1899"/></bibl> (ARIE/1898-1899/B/1899/103).</p>

<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1902-1903_01"/></bibl> with visual documentation and English translation (EI 7.4.1). Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Rice1905_01"/></bibl> with visual documentation (line 6 missing) and English translation (EC 10, Mulbagal.227). Text and summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> (IP 252).</p>

<p>This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on the edition and visual documentation published in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1902-1903_01"/></bibl>.</p>

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Baṅgavāḍi, time of Narasiṁhavikramavarman, year 24

Edition

Apparatus

Translation by Hultzsch 1902–19031

Commentary

Bibliography

Primary

Secondary

Notes

Translation by Hultzsch 1902–1903¹