Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 18

Editor: Emmanuel Francis.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00223.

Hand description:

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-12-21 12:36 (f2f3eaa), last modified 2024-06-06 16:22 (18e0138).

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⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

kō-vicaiya-kampavarmma⟨r⟩kku yāṇṭu patiṉ e‡ṭṭāvatu

kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu taṉ kūṟṟu Uttaramēru-c-caturvveti-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm Eḻuttu

Emm(ū/u)r teṟkkil aṅkāṭi Iruntu vāḻum maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ kōyilukku Ivaṉ ceyta dharmmattu[…]⟨2⟩l Ūrkkal cemmai nūṟṟu-k kaḻañcu poṉ koṇṭu ka‡ṭāvōm

In-nūṟṟu-k kaḻañcu poṉṉālum dharmma-p palicaiyāl m(ū/u)ṉṟu mañcāṭi-p palicaiyāl vanta poli-y patiṉ aiṅ-kaḻañ⟨cu⟩ poṉṉum Emm(ū/u)r terkil aṅkāṭi-y vaṭa-ciṟakil mēṟku niṉṟum vara irupatu maṉai […]

⟨3⟩ poṉṉum Etir āṇṭu tuṭaṅki-y Āṭṭ-āṇṭu-tōṟum Ēṟi-vāriya-p-perumakkaḷē-y Avv-Āṇṭu Im-maṉai-p po[ṉ][…]

[…]⟨4⟩mum vayiramēka-taṭākattu-k kuḻi kutti v¡iy!⟨i⟩ppārkaḷ ākavum

Ipparicu Im-maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ kōyil vayi(ra)[mēka-taṭāka][…]

[…]⟨5⟩(ta) poli-y-ūṭṭu-p poṉ Avv-Āṇṭu Ēṟi-vāriya-p-perumakkaḷē cantrādi(ttar) U(ḷḷa) taṉai-k kālamum Irati […] [sa]⟨6⟩bhaiyōm

Idha⟨r⟩mmattu citilañ ceytāṉ Idha⟨r⟩mmattukkum grāmattukkum piḻ¡aiy!⟨ai⟩tta pi[…]

[…]⟨7⟩k kuṭuttōm mēṟ-colla-p-paṭṭa maṇṇipākki[ḻāṉ] […]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ Avv-Āṇṭu ⬦ Avva Āṇṭu KVSA.

⟨4⟩ vayi(ra)[mēka-taṭāka] […] ⬦ vayira [5+] KVSA.

⟨5⟩ (ta) poli-y-ūṭṭu-p ⬦ poli-y-ūṭṭu-p KVSA. — ⟨5⟩ Avv-Āṇṭu ⬦ Avva Āṇṭu KVSA. — ⟨5⟩ cantrādi(ttar) U(ḷḷa) ⬦ cantrādittar Uḷḷa KVSA. — ⟨5⟩ Irati […] [sa] ⬦ Irati [5+] KVSA.

⟨6⟩ pi […] ⬦ pi [5+] KVSA. — ⟨6⟩ maṇṇipākki[ḻāṉ] […] ⬦ maṇṇipākki [5+] KVSA.

Translation by Emmanuel Francis

(1) Prosperity! Fortune!

(1) Eighteenth year of the victorious king Kampavarman.

(1) Writ/Writing of Us, the members of the assembly of Uttaramerucaturvedimaṅgala in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam [and] the division of the same name.

(1–2) Maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ who lives residing in the market [area] in the south of our village … [for] the pious donation that he made for the temple, we are due/committed to take one hundred kaḻañcus of gold [as per] the fineness of the village-stone (ūr-k-kal cemmai).

(2) With this one hundred kaḻañcus of gold, fifteen kaḻañcus of gold [which is] the interest that comes (vanta poli) at an interest [rate] of three mañcāṭis as interest for a pious act (dharmma-p palicaiyāl) … twenty house-plots which are (niṉṟum vara, literally "while they are") west to the northern house-row (vaṭa-ciṟakil mēṟku) [of] the market in the south of our village.

(3) … gold, having started the year before (etir āṇṭu tuṭaṅki), each and every year, the great men of the tank committee, on that year (avv-āṇṭu), the gold (po[ṉ]) of the these house-plots (Im-maṉai) …

(4) Let [them] be those who have the silt removed (kuḻi kutti vippārkaḷ), for the Vajramegha tank.

(4) In this wise, this Maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ, the temple (kōyil), the Vajramegha tank (vayi(ra)[mēka-taṭāka]) …

(5–6) … the gold [with] earning interest (poli-y-ūṭṭu), that year, the great men of the tank committee, as long as moon and sun (cantrādittar uḷḷa taṉai-k kālamum, literally "for a time of the quantity which is that of moon and the sun") … We, the members of the assembly.

(6) He who does harm (citilañ ceytāṉ, literally "he who does decay") to this pious donation, [does the harm] of acting wrong against this pious donation and the village …

(7) We have given …

(7) The above-mentioned Maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ …

Commentary

(1) taṉ kūṟṟu. Mahalingam 1988 regularly translates taṉ kūṟṟu as "an independent village" of Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam.

(2) m(ū/u)ṉṟu mañcāṭi. This is the interest rate per kaḻañcu of gold.

(4) kuḻi kutti v¡iy!⟨i⟩ppārkaḷ. This phrase seems to mean "they will have the silt removed". Mahalingam 1988 translates "digging (and removing) the silt".

(3, 5) avv-āṇṭu. The reading avva āṇṭu, with same meaning, is also possible.

Bibliography

Edited in Subrahmanya Aiyer 1928 (SII 6, no. 348); text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 223); re-edited and first translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2020) from autopsy and photographs (2019).

Primary

[KVSA] Subrahmanya Aiyer, K. V. 1928. South-Indian inscriptions (texts). Volume VI: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil, Telugu and Kannada countries. South Indian Inscriptions 6. Calcutta: Governement of India, Central Publication Branch. Pages 162–163, item 348.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Pages 573–574, item 223.

Secondary

Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1898. G.O. Nos. 1093-1096, 29th August 1898. Epigraphy. Directing that the annual report of the Government Epigraphist for 1897-98 be forwarded to the Government of India, approving provisionally his programme of work for the next fields season. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department. Page 18, appendix B/1898, item 65.

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kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu taṉ kūṟṟu Uttaramēru-c-ca<hi rend="grantha">turvve</hi>ti-maṅkalattu <hi rend="grantha">sabhai</hi>yōm Eḻuttu

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<lb n="6" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha">bhaiyōm</hi>

I<hi rend="grantha">dha<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>mma</hi>ttu citilañ ceytāṉ I<hi rend="grantha">dha<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>mma</hi>ttukkum <hi rend="grantha">grā</hi>mattukkum piḻ<choice><orig>aiy</orig><reg>ai</reg></choice>tta pi <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>

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Prosperity! Fortune!

Eighteenth year of the victorious king Kampavarman.

Writ/Writing of Us, the members of the assembly of Uttaramerucaturvedimaṅgala in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> the division of the same name.

Maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ who lives residing in the market <supplied reason="subaudible">area</supplied> in the south of our village <gap reason="ellipsis"/> <supplied reason="subaudible">for</supplied> the pious donation that he made for the temple, we are due/committed to take one hundred <foreign>kaḻañcu</foreign>s of gold <supplied reason="subaudible">as per</supplied> the fineness of the village-stone <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ūr-k-kal cemmai</foreign></supplied>.

With this one hundred <foreign>kaḻañcu</foreign>s of gold, fifteen <foreign>kaḻañcu</foreign>s of gold <supplied reason="subaudible">which is</supplied> the interest that comes <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vanta poli</foreign></supplied> at an interest <supplied reason="subaudible">rate</supplied> of three <foreign>mañcāṭi</foreign>s as interest for a pious act <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>dharmma-p palicaiyāl</foreign></supplied> <gap reason="ellipsis"/> twenty house-plots which are <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>niṉṟum vara</foreign>, literally "while they are"</supplied> west to the northern house-row <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vaṭa-ciṟakil mēṟku</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> the market in the south of our village.

<gap reason="ellipsis"/> gold, having started the year before <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>etir āṇṭu tuṭaṅki</foreign></supplied>, each and every year, the great men of the tank committee, on that year <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>avv-āṇṭu</foreign></supplied>, the gold <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>po<supplied reason="lost">ṉ</supplied></foreign></supplied> of the these house-plots <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>Im-maṉai</foreign></supplied> <gap reason="ellipsis"/>

Let <supplied reason="subaudible">them</supplied> be those who have the silt removed  <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kuḻi kutti vippārkaḷ</foreign></supplied>, for the Vajramegha tank.

In this wise, this Maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ, the temple <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kōyil</foreign></supplied>, the Vajramegha tank <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vayi<unclear>ra</unclear><supplied reason="lost">mēka-taṭāka</supplied></foreign></supplied> <gap reason="ellipsis"/>

<gap reason="ellipsis"/> the gold <supplied reason="subaudible">with</supplied> earning interest <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>poli-y-ūṭṭu</foreign></supplied>, that year, the great men of the tank committee, as long as moon and sun <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ca<hi rend="grantha">ntrādi</hi>ttar uḷḷa taṉai-k kālamum</foreign>, literally "for a time of the quantity which is that of moon and the sun"</supplied> <gap reason="ellipsis"/> We, the members of the assembly.

He who does harm <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>citilañ ceytāṉ</foreign>, literally "he who does decay"</supplied> to this pious donation, <supplied reason="subaudible">does the harm</supplied> of acting wrong against this pious donation and the village <gap reason="ellipsis"/>

We have given <gap reason="ellipsis"/>

The above-mentioned Maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ <gap reason="ellipsis"/>

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<foreign>taṉ kūṟṟu</foreign>. <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> regularly translates <foreign>taṉ kūṟṟu</foreign> as "an independent village" of Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam.

<foreign>m(ū/u)ṉṟu mañcāṭi</foreign>. This is the interest rate per <foreign>kaḻañcu</foreign> of gold.

<foreign>kuḻi kutti v<choice><orig>iy</orig><reg>i</reg></choice>ppārkaḷ</foreign>. This phrase seems to mean "they will have the silt removed". <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> translates "digging (and removing) the silt".

<foreign>avv-āṇṭu</foreign>. The reading <foreign>avva āṇṭu</foreign>, with same meaning, is also possible.

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Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01"/></bibl> (SII 6, no. 348); text and summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> (IP 223); re-edited and first translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2020) from autopsy and photographs (2019).

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