Uttiramērūr, sale-deed, time of Kampavarman, year 8

Editor: Emmanuel Francis.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00206.

Hand description:

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-12-21 12:36 (f2f3eaa), last modified 2024-06-06 16:22 (18e0138).

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⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

kō-vic¡a!⟨>ai⟩ya-kampa-vik¿kri?⟨ki⟩rama-parumarkku yāṇṭu Eṭṭ-āvatu

kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu taṉ k(ū)ṟṟu Uttaramēru-c-catu⟨r⟩vveti-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm nila-vilai-y āvaṇa-k kai-¡yy!⟨y⟩-eḻuttu

Emm-¡u!⟨ū⟩r-k kaṟikai-k-kuṭṭattiṉ cuṟṟum ⟨2⟩ kōliṭu n¡i!⟨ī⟩kki Ik-kōliṭṭ-ōṭum y-aṭaiya Arai-k-kōl Akalattāl I¡v!⟨vv⟩-ēri-karaiyiṉ vaḷaiyil cuṟṟum mañcikkam-āy iṉ-nilam i¡v!⟨vv⟩-ērikkē bahirbhūmi-y ākavum maṭam eṭukka-vēṇṭu-nilamum i¡v!⟨vv⟩ūr y-āḷu{m}⟨3⟩-ṅ kaṇattār{ar}-uḷ-k kuravaciri rāmadeva-bhaṭṭaṉum Ivaṉ ¡ṟṟ!⟨ṟ⟩ampi nandiśvara-bhaṭṭaṉu¡mm!⟨m⟩ ivaṉ ¡ṟṟ!⟨ṟ⟩ampi kuṇḍha-bhaṭṭaṉu¡mm!⟨m⟩ i¡mm!⟨m⟩-m¡u!⟨ū⟩varkkum I¡v!⟨vv⟩-ēri-c cuṟṟu Arai-k-kōl nilamum i¡mm!⟨m⟩m¡u!⟨ū⟩var pakkalum vi[lai]-k-kāṇaṅ kai-c cella-k koṇṭu v¡ī!⟨i⟩ṟṟu-k kuṭut⟨4⟩tōm sabhaiyōm

Iru-k-kāl-āvatum viṟṟ¡u!⟨u-k⟩ kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm

mu-k-kāl-āvatum viṟṟ¡u!⟨u-k⟩ kuṭuttō(m) sabhaiyōm

Itu-v-ē poru¿ḷa?⟨ḷ⟩ māvaṟiti Ōlai-y-āka Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm

Ik-kaṟikai-kuṭṭattu Ēri-karai-y-il maṇ{-k} koṇṭāraiyu⟨5⟩(m) I¡-k!⟨k-k⟩aṟikai-k-kuṭṭatiṉ{-c} cuṟṟum a¡vv!⟨v⟩-ērikkē bahi⟨r⟩bhūmi-y-āka koṇṭa nilam cuṭṭi mēl-colla-paṭṭa kuravaciri rāmadeva-bhaṭṭaṉaiyum Ivaṉ ṟampimāraiyum m¿u?⟨ū⟩varaiy(u)m nilam cuṭṭi(ṉa/ṉ) pōla paṭṭa-sāmantuk k(u)ṭ(u)vi(t)ttōm āṉōm sabhaiyō⟨6⟩m

Ik-karaiyil muḷ¡kk!⟨k⟩uttiṉāraiyum vaiyiramēka-taṭākattu⟨k⟩kē veṭṭi mutal-āka A⟨i⟩ñ-kaḻañcu poṉ m¿u?⟨ū⟩lappa(ṭ/ṭṭ)ār¡a!⟨ai⟩yarē taṇṭippār āka Oṭṭ¡i!⟨i-k⟩ kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm

Ik-kaṟikai-kuṭṭattu nīr-viṭṭ(ā)r [grāma-ka]ṇṭakar āka (pa)[ṇ](i)[t]tōm sabhai(yō)[m]

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī   kō-vic¡a!⟨>ai⟩ya-kampa-vik¿kri?⟨ki⟩rama-parumarkku yāṇṭu Eṭṭ-āvatu   kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu taṉ k(ū)ṟṟu Uttaramēru-c-catu⟨r⟩vveti-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm nila-vilai-y āvaṇa-k kai-¡yy!⟨y⟩-eḻuttu   Emm-¡u!⟨ū⟩r-k kaṟikai-k-kuṭṭattiṉ cuṟṟum 
⟨2⟩ kōliṭu n¡i!⟨ī⟩kki Ik-kōliṭṭ-ōṭum y-aṭaiya Arai-k-kōl Akalattāl I¡v!⟨vv⟩-ēri-karaiyiṉ vaḷaiyil cuṟṟum mañcikkam-āy iṉ-nilam i¡v!⟨vv⟩-ērikkē bahirbhūmi-y ākavum maṭam eṭukka-vēṇṭu-nilamum i¡v!⟨vv⟩ūr y-āḷu{m}-
⟨3⟩ -ṅ kaṇattār{ar}-uḷ-k kuravaciri rāmadeva-bhaṭṭaṉum Ivaṉ ¡ṟṟ!⟨ṟ⟩ampi nandiśvara-bhaṭṭaṉu¡mm!⟨m⟩ ivaṉ ¡ṟṟ!⟨ṟ⟩ampi kuṇḍha-bhaṭṭaṉu¡mm!⟨m⟩ i¡mm!⟨m⟩-m¡u!⟨ū⟩varkkum I¡v!⟨vv⟩-ēri-c cuṟṟu Arai-k-kōl nilamum i¡mm!⟨m⟩m¡u!⟨ū⟩var pakkalum vi[lai]-k-kāṇaṅ kai-c cella-k koṇṭu v¡ī!⟨i⟩ṟṟu-k kuṭut-
⟨4⟩ tōm sabhaiyōm   Iru-k-kāl-āvatum viṟṟ¡u!⟨u-k⟩ kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm   mu-k-kāl-āvatum viṟṟ¡u!⟨u-k⟩ kuṭuttō(m) sabhaiyōm   Itu-v-ē poru¿ḷa?⟨ḷ⟩ māvaṟiti Ōlai-y-āka Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm   Ik-kaṟikai-kuṭṭattu Ēri-karai-y-il maṇ{-k} koṇṭāraiyu-
⟨5⟩ (m) I¡-k!⟨k-k⟩aṟikai-k-kuṭṭatiṉ{-c} cuṟṟum a¡vv!⟨v⟩-ērikkē bahi⟨r⟩bhūmi-y-āka koṇṭa nilam cuṭṭi mēl-colla-paṭṭa kuravaciri rāmadeva-bhaṭṭaṉaiyum Ivaṉ ṟampimāraiyum m¿u?⟨ū⟩varaiy(u)m nilam ⊔ cuṭṭi(ṉa/ṉ) pōla paṭṭa-sāmantuk k(u)ṭ(u)vi(t)ttōm āṉōm sabhaiyō-
⟨6⟩ m   Ik-karaiyil muḷ¡kk!⟨k⟩uttiṉāraiyum vaiyiramēka-taṭākattu⟨k⟩kē veṭṭi mutal-āka A⟨i⟩ñ-kaḻañcu poṉ m¿u?⟨ū⟩lappa(ṭ/ṭṭ)ār¡a!⟨ai⟩yarē taṇṭippār āka Oṭṭ¡i!⟨i-k⟩ kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm   Ik-kaṟikai-kuṭṭattu nīr-viṭṭ(ā)r [grāma-ka]ṇṭakar āka (pa)[ṇ](i)[t]tōm sabhai(yō)[m]  

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

kō-vic¡a!⟨>ai⟩ya-kampa-vik¿kri?⟨ki⟩rama-parumarkku yāṇṭu Eṭṭ-āvatu

kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu taṉ k(ū)ṟṟu Uttaramēru-c-catu⟨r⟩vveti-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm nila-vilai-y āvaṇa-k kai-¡yy!⟨y⟩-eḻuttu

Iru-k-kāl-āvatum viṟṟ¡u!⟨u-k⟩ kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm

mu-k-kāl-āvatum viṟṟ¡u!⟨u-k⟩ kuṭuttō(m) sabhaiyōm

Itu-v-ē poru¿ḷa?⟨ḷ⟩ māvaṟiti Ōlai-y-āka Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm

Ik-kaṟikai-kuṭṭattu Ēri-karai-y-il maṇ{-k} koṇṭāraiyu⟨5⟩(m) I¡-k!⟨k-k⟩aṟikai-k-kuṭṭatiṉ{-c} cuṟṟum a¡vv!⟨v⟩-ērikkē bahi⟨r⟩bhūmi-y-āka koṇṭa nilam cuṭṭi mēl-colla-paṭṭa kuravaciri rāmadeva-bhaṭṭaṉaiyum Ivaṉ ṟampimāraiyum m¿u?⟨ū⟩varaiy(u)m nilam ⊔ cuṭṭi(ṉa/ṉ) pōla paṭṭa-sāmantuk k(u)ṭ(u)vi(t)ttōm āṉōm sabhaiyō⟨6⟩m

Ik-kaṟikai-kuṭṭattu nīr-viṭṭ(ā)r [grāma-ka]ṇṭakar āka (pa)[ṇ](i)[t]tōm sabhai(yō)[m]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ °vik¿kri?⟨ki⟩rama° ⬦ °vik{kri}rama° KVSA.

⟨2⟩ y-aṭaiya ⬦ Aṭaiya KVSA. — ⟨2⟩ bahirbhūmi-y ⬦ bahirbūmi-y KVSA.

⟨3⟩ kaṇattār{ar}-uḷ-k ⬦ kaṇattār-uḷ-k KVSA • The alternative reading kaṇattār aruḷa-k ("as the delegates rule/order") is possible, but does not make much sense in the context. Moreover, the phrase kaṇaṭṭār-uḷ ("among the delegates") is ubiquitous in the epigraphical corpus of the Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ temple at Uttiramērūr. — ⟨3⟩ vi[lai]-k-kāṇaṅ ⬦ vilai-k-kāṇaṅ KVSA. — ⟨3⟩ v¡ī!⟨i⟩ṟṟu ⬦ viṟṟu KVSA.

⟨4⟩ poru¿ḷa?⟨ḷ⟩ ⬦ poruḷ KVSA.

⟨6⟩ m¿u?⟨ū⟩lappa(ṭ/ṭṭ)ār¡a!⟨ai⟩yarē ⬦ mulappaṭṭārayairē KVSA. — ⟨6⟩ [grāma-ka]ṇṭakar ⬦ grā(ma-ka)ṇṭakar KVSA. — ⟨6⟩ (pa)[ṇ](i)[t]tōm ⬦ paṇittōm KVSA. — ⟨6⟩ sabhai(yō)[m] ⬦ sabhai(yōm) KVSA • The letter yō is partly covered by the adjacent perpendicular base element. Only the kompu and left part or ya are visible.

Translation by Emmanuel Francis

(1) Prosperity! Fortune!

(1) Eighth year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman.

(1) Handwritten writ document for the sale of a land (i.e. sale-deed) [by] We, the members of the assembly of Uttaramērucaturvedimaṅgala in Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam, in the division of the same name.

(1–4) We, the members of the assembly ― so that, after exclusion (nīkki) of [the land measuring] one rod (kōliṭu) surrounding [the tank named] Kārikai-k-kuṭṭam in our village, there be (ākavum) outside earth (bahirbhūmi) for this tank [on] this land, which is mañcikkam (mañcikkam āy) surrounding in circle, on the banks of this tank (ivv-ēri-karaiyiṉ vaḷaiyil cuṟṟum), by the width/extent (akalattāl) of half a rod adjacent/so as to obtain (aṭaiya, literally "so as to reach") this [single] rod (ik-kōliṭṭōṭum) ― have given for sale (viṟṟu-k koṭuttōm) a land necessary for building a maṭam (maṭam eṭukka-vēṇṭu nilamum) and a land of a half a rod surrounding this lake (Ivv-ēri-c cuṟṟu arai-k-kōl nilamum), [to] Kuravaciri Rāmadeva-bhaṭṭa, his younger brother Nandīśvara-bhaṭṭa, and his younger brother Kuṇḍha-bhaṭṭa, who are among the governing delegates (āluṅ kaṇattār-uḷ) [of] this village to these three (im-mūvarkkum), after/having received from hand to hand (kai-c cella, literally “while it went in hand”) the gold for the price (vilai-k-kāṇam) [of these lands] from these three [above-mentioned individuals] (mūvarkkum).

(4) We, the members of the assembly, have given for sale (that which is) two quarters (iru-k-kāl-āvatum) [among these lands].

(4) We, the members of the assembly, have given for sale three quarters (mu-k-kāl-āvatum) [among these lands].

(4) We, the members of the assembly, have solemnly given this (itu-v-ē) as a … (poru[ḷā>ḷ] māvaṟiti) [written] leaf (ōlai-y-āka).

(4–6) We, the members of the assembly, have had the title-deed given (paṭṭa-sāmantu-k koṭuvitttōm āṉōm, literally “we have become those who had the title-deed given”), [with details] as (pōla) the above-mentioned Kuravaciri Rāmadeva-bhaṭṭa and his younger brothers, the three of them (mūvaraiyum), pointed out (cuṭṭi(ṉa/ṉ)), after pointing out (cuṭṭi) the land got as bahirbhūmi (bahirbhūmi-y-āka koṇṭa nilam cuṭṭi) for that tank (avvērikkē) which surrounds (cuṟṟum) … (maṇ koṇṭāraiyum) in this Kāṟikaikkuṭṭam [tank] (ik-kaṟikai-k-kuṭṭatiṉ) on the tank-banks (ēri-karai-y-il) of this this Kāṟikaikkuṭṭam [tank].

(6) Let the members of the MP (mūlappa[ṭ/ṭṭ]ārayarē) be those who fine those who dig (muḷ((k))kuttiṉāraiyum) in these banks [with] five kaḻañcu of gold as capital (veṭṭi mutal-āka) for the Vajramegha tank (vaiyiramēkata-ṭākattukkē). [Thus] have We, the members of the assembly, solemnly given (oṭṭi kuṭuttōm, but paṇittōm was probably meant)

(6) Let those who draw/let out water (nīrviṭṭār) in/from this Karikai-kuṭṭam be (considered) enemies of/traitors to the village (grāma-kaṇṭakar). [Thus] have We, the members of the assembly, declared/ordered.

Commentary

bahirbhūmi

IP considers only on land has been sold. There are two lands sold, we infer: one for the maṭam, one for the lake.

Bibliography

Edited in Subrahmanya Aiyer 1928 (SII 6, no. 370); text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 206); re-edited and first translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019).

Primary

[KVSA] Subrahmanya Aiyer, K. V. 1928. South-Indian inscriptions (texts). Volume VI: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil, Telugu and Kannada countries. South Indian Inscriptions 6. Calcutta: Governement of India, Central Publication Branch. Page 170, item 370.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Pages 545–546, item 206.

Secondary

[ARIE 1897-1898] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1898. G.O. Nos. 1093-1096, 29th August 1898. Epigraphy. Directing that the annual report of the Government Epigraphist for 1897-98 be forwarded to the Government of India, approving provisionally his programme of work for the next fields season. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department. Page 18, appendix B/1898, item 85.

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<lb n="6" break="no"/>m

Ik-karaiyil muḷ<choice><orig>kk</orig><reg>k</reg></choice>uttiṉāraiyum vaiyiramēka-taṭākattu<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied>kē veṭṭi mutal-āka A<supplied reason="omitted">i</supplied>ñ-kaḻañcu poṉ m<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>lappa<choice><unclear>ṭ</unclear><unclear>ṭṭ</unclear></choice>ār<choice><orig>a</orig><reg>ai</reg></choice>yarē taṇṭippār āka Oṭṭ<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>i-k</reg></choice> kuṭuttōm <hi rend="grantha">sabhai</hi>yōm

Ik-kaṟikai-kuṭṭattu nīr-viṭṭ<unclear>ā</unclear>r <supplied reason="lost"><hi rend="grantha">grā</hi>ma-ka</supplied>ṇṭakar āka <unclear>pa</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ṇ</supplied><unclear>i</unclear><supplied reason="lost">t</supplied>tōm <hi rend="grantha">sabhai</hi><unclear>yō</unclear><supplied reason="lost">m</supplied>

</div>

</app>

<lem>y-aṭaiya</lem>

<rdg source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01">Aṭaiya</rdg>

</app>

<lem><hi rend="grantha">bahi</hi>r<hi rend="grantha">bhūmi</hi>-y</lem>

</app>

<lem>kaṇattār<surplus>ar</surplus>-uḷ-k</lem>

<rdg source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01">kaṇattār-uḷ-k</rdg>

<note>The alternative reading <foreign>kaṇattār aruḷa-k</foreign> ("as the delegates rule/order") is possible, but does not make much sense in the context. Moreover, the phrase kaṇaṭṭār-uḷ ("among the delegates") is ubiquitous in the epigraphical corpus of the Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ temple at Uttiramērūr.</note>

</app>

<lem>vi<supplied reason="lost">lai</supplied>-k-kāṇaṅ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01">vilai-k-kāṇaṅ</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01">viṟṟu</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01">poruḷ</rdg>

</app>

<lem>m<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>lappa<choice><unclear>ṭ</unclear><unclear>ṭṭ</unclear></choice>ār<choice><orig>a</orig><reg>ai</reg></choice>yarē</lem>

<rdg source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01">mulappaṭṭārayairē</rdg>

</app>

<lem><supplied reason="lost"><hi rend="grantha">grā</hi>ma-ka</supplied>ṇṭakar</lem>

<rdg source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01"><hi rend="grantha">grā</hi><unclear>ma-ka</unclear>ṇṭakar</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01">paṇittōm</rdg>

</app>

<lem><hi rend="grantha">sabhai<unclear>yō</unclear></hi><supplied reason="lost">m</supplied></lem>

<rdg source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01"><hi rend="grantha">sabhai</hi><unclear>yōm</unclear></rdg>

<note>The letter <foreign>yō</foreign> is partly covered by the adjacent perpendicular base element. Only the <foreign>kompu</foreign> and left part or <foreign>ya</foreign> are visible.</note>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

Prosperity! Fortune!

Eighth year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman.

Handwritten writ document for the sale of a land <supplied reason="explanation">i.e. sale-deed</supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">by</supplied> We, the members of the assembly of Uttaramērucaturvedimaṅgala in Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam, in the division of the same name.

We, the members of the assembly ― so that, after exclusion <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nīkki</foreign></supplied> of <supplied reason="subaudible">the land measuring</supplied> one rod <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kōliṭu</foreign></supplied> surrounding <supplied reason="subaudible">the tank named</supplied> Kārikai-k-kuṭṭam in our village, there be <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ākavum</foreign></supplied> outside earth <supplied reason="explanation"><hi rend="grantha"><foreign>bahirbhūmi</foreign></hi></supplied> for this tank <supplied reason="subaudible">on</supplied> this land, which is <foreign>mañcikkam</foreign> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mañcikkam āy</foreign></supplied> surrounding in circle, on the banks of this tank <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ivv-ēri-karaiyiṉ vaḷaiyil cuṟṟum</foreign></supplied>, by the width/extent <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>akalattāl</foreign></supplied> of half a rod adjacent/so as to obtain <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>aṭaiya</foreign>, literally "so as to reach"</supplied> this <supplied reason="subaudible">single</supplied> rod <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ik-kōliṭṭōṭum</foreign></supplied> ― have given for sale <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṟṟu-k koṭuttōm</foreign></supplied> a land necessary for building a <foreign>maṭam</foreign> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>maṭam eṭukka-vēṇṭu nilamum</foreign></supplied> and a land of a half a rod surrounding this lake <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>Ivv-ēri-c cuṟṟu arai-k-kōl nilamum</foreign></supplied>, <supplied reason="subaudible">to</supplied> Kuravaciri Rāmadeva-bhaṭṭa, his younger brother Nandīśvara-bhaṭṭa, and his younger brother Kuṇḍha-bhaṭṭa, who are among the governing delegates <supplied reason="explanation">āluṅ kaṇattār-uḷ</supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> this village to these three <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>im-mūvarkkum</foreign></supplied>, after/having received from hand to hand <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kai-c cella</foreign>, literally “while it went in hand”</supplied> the gold for the price <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vilai-k-kāṇam</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">of these lands</supplied> from these three <supplied reason="subaudible">above-mentioned individuals</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mūvarkkum</foreign></supplied>.

We, the members of the assembly, have given for sale <supplied reason="explanation">that which is</supplied> two quarters <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iru-k-kāl-āvatum</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">among these lands</supplied>.

We, the members of the assembly, have given for sale three quarters <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mu-k-kāl-āvatum</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">among these lands</supplied>.

We, the members of the assembly, have solemnly given this <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>itu-v-ē</foreign></supplied> as a … <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>poru[ḷā>ḷ] māvaṟiti</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">written</supplied> leaf <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ōlai-y-āka</foreign></supplied>.

We, the members of the assembly, have had the title-deed given <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṭṭa-sāmantu-k koṭuvitttōm āṉōm</foreign>, literally “we have become those who had the title-deed given”</supplied>, <supplied reason="subaudible">with details</supplied> as <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pōla</foreign></supplied> the above-mentioned Kuravaciri Rāmadeva-bhaṭṭa and his younger brothers, the three of them <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mūvaraiyum</foreign></supplied>, pointed out <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>cuṭṭi(ṉa/ṉ)</foreign></supplied>, after pointing out <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>cuṭṭi</foreign></supplied> the land got as <foreign>bahirbhūmi</foreign> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign><hi rend="grantha">bahirbhūmi</hi>-y-āka koṇṭa nilam cuṭṭi</foreign></supplied> for that tank <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>avvērikkē</foreign></supplied> which surrounds <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>cuṟṟum</foreign></supplied> … <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>maṇ koṇṭāraiyum</foreign></supplied> in this Kāṟikaikkuṭṭam <supplied reason="subaudible">tank</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ik-kaṟikai-k-kuṭṭatiṉ</foreign></supplied> on the tank-banks <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ēri-karai-y-il</foreign></supplied> of this this Kāṟikaikkuṭṭam <supplied reason="subaudible">tank</supplied>.

Let the members of the MP <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mūlappa[ṭ/ṭṭ]ārayarē</foreign></supplied> be those who fine those who dig <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>muḷ((k))kuttiṉāraiyum</foreign></supplied> in these banks <supplied reason="subaudible">with</supplied> five <foreign>kaḻañcu</foreign> of gold as capital <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>veṭṭi mutal-āka</foreign></supplied> for the Vajramegha tank <supplied reason="explanation">vaiyiramēkata-ṭākattukkē</supplied>. <supplied reason="subaudible">Thus</supplied> have We, the members of the assembly, solemnly given <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>oṭṭi kuṭuttōm</foreign>, but <foreign>paṇittōm</foreign> was probably meant</supplied>

Let those who draw/let out water <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nīrviṭṭār</foreign></supplied> in/from this Karikai-kuṭṭam be <supplied reason="explanation">considered</supplied> enemies of/traitors to the village <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign><hi rend="grantha">grā</hi>ma-kaṇṭakar</foreign></supplied>. <supplied reason="subaudible">Thus</supplied> have We, the members of the assembly, declared/ordered.

</div>

<foreign>bahirbhūmi</foreign>

IP considers only on land has been sold. There are two lands sold, we infer: one for the <foreign>maṭam</foreign>, one for the lake.

</div>

Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01"/></bibl> (SII 6, no. 370); text and summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> (IP 206); re-edited and first translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019).

</bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>