Tiruvatikai, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year 18

Editors: Emmanuel Francis, Valérie Gillet.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00167.

Summary: Donation of gold for supplying food offerings. VG: Tiruvīraṭṭāṉeśvara temple, Tiruvatikai, Paṇruṭṭi taluk, Cuddalore district; on a pillar in the maṇḍapa in front of the central shrine; regnal year 18 of Pallava Nṛpatuṅgavarman; tli sa 619; there are donations by other royal figures on pillars in the same maṇḍapa: sii 8, no. 309 registers a donation of gold by Pallava Nandivarman iii; sii 12, no. 73 records a gift of gold by the queen of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, Vīramahādevi.

Hand description:

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy).

Version: 2025-06-17 14:19 (92526d5), last modified 2025-06-13 12:04 (b3f937e).

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

nṛpat¡o!⟨u⟩⟨2⟩ṅkapanmaṟku (yāṇṭu) ⟨3⟩ pati¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ eṭṭāvatu

(A)⟨4⟩ti(ya)raiya-maṅka⟨5⟩lattu tiruviraṭṭā⟨6⟩nattu mahādeva⟨7⟩rkku (p)āṇ⟨8⟩(ṭi)-varakuṇa-mahārā⟨9⟩jaṉ kuṭutta poṉ ⟨10⟩ ¡Añ-ñ!⟨Ain-n⟩ūṟṟ’ eḻu-patiṉ ka⟨11⟩ḻañcu

Ippoṉ koṇ⟨12⟩ṭu kaṭavōm Atiyarai⟨13⟩ya-maṅkalattu nakara⟨14⟩ttōm

Ip-poṉni⟨15⟩l Iru-nūṟṟu-t toṇṇū⟨16⟩ṟṟu-k kaḻañcu poṉnā⟨17⟩l palicaiyāl nicati ⟨18⟩ […] ⟨19⟩ […] ⟨20⟩ [2+](mun)nā(ḻi Uri)⟨21⟩kkum (me)ṟṟi pa(tiṟ)⟨22⟩(ṟu) nāḻi Ari(ciyum) [2+] ⟨23⟩ poḻutukku Uri pacca⟨24⟩payaṟṟupparuppu kum⟨25⟩māyam uḷḷiṭṭa ¡Añc!⟨Aint⟩u kā⟨26⟩yum poḻutu puḷi(ṅkaṟi)⟨27⟩kku Uḻakku tayirum po⟨28⟩ḻutu kaṟikku kā⟨29⟩ya¡mm!⟨m⟩ iru-c-ce(vi){ṭa}ṭu⟨m⟩⟨30⟩poḻutu kaṟi tu(mi)kka⟨31⟩c cevi{ṭ}ṭu neyum ⟨32⟩ nivētikka naṟune⟨33⟩y potu Uḻakk-ā⟨34⟩ka nālu poḻutukku⟨35⟩m mēṟṟi ney nāḻi ⟨36⟩ nivētikka poḻutu⟨37⟩kkuṉ tayir Uri nālu ⟨38⟩ poḻutumē

Translation by Gillet 2017

Hail! Prosperity! This is the 18th regnal year of Nṛpatuṅgavarman. For Mahādeva of Tiruvīraṭṭānam of Atiyaraiyamaṅkalam, Pāṇṭi Varaguṇa Mahārāja gave 570 kaḻañcu of gold; having taken this gold, we, the Nagaram (nakarattōm) of Atiyaraiyamaṅgalam, will have to [do] (kaṭavōm); in this gold, with the interests of 290 kaḻañcu of this gold, everyday […] having added (ēṟṟi) to the 3 nāḻi and one uri of […] 20 nāḻi of rice for one time (poḻukku), five side dishes (añcukāy) including (uḷḷiṭṭa) pongal (kumāya) and one uri of green lentils (pacca-payaṟṟuparuppu), one uḻakku of curd for tamarind-vegetable (puḷiṅkaṟikku) for one time, two ceviṭu (small measure) of asafoetida (kāyam) for the vegetables (kaṟikku) for one time, one ceviṭu of ghee for frying (tumikka) vegetables for one time, a nāḻi of ghee to which are added (ēṟṟi) for 4 times as one uḻakku each time (pōtu) of fragrant ghee in order to offer food to the deity (nivētikka), one uri of curd for each time for offering food (nivētikka), 4 times.¹

Translation by Emmanuel Francis

(1) Prosperity! Fortune!

(1–3) Eighteenth year of Nṛpatoṅkapanmaṉ.²

(3–11)

(11–14)

(14–38)

Commentary

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1921-1922 (ARIE/1921-1922/B/1921/360).

Edited in Venkatasubba Ayyar 1943 (SII 12.71). Text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 167). Text and translation in Gillet 2017.

This digital edition by Emmanuel Francis and Valérie Gillet, based on Venkatasubba Ayyar 1943.

Primary

[SII] Venkatasubba Ayyar, V. 1943. South Indian inscriptions. Volume XII: The Pallavas (with introductory notes in English). South Indian Inscriptions 12. Madras: Government Press. Pages 30–31, item 71.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Pages 478–480, item 167.

Gillet, Valérie. 2017. “Devotion and Dominion: Ninth-Century Donations of a Pāṇḍyan King in Temples along the River Kāvēri.” IIJ 60 (3), pp. 219–283. DOI: 10.1163/15728536-06003002. [URL]. Pages 272–273, item 27.

Secondary

ARIE 1921-1922. Annual report on Indian epigraphy for the year 1921-1922. Edited by G. Venkoba Rao. Madras: Government Press, 1923. Page 29, appendix B/1921, item 360.

Notes

1. The details regarding the ingredients and their measures are not very clear to me.
2. Sanskrit Nṛpatuṅkavarman.

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<lb n="4" break="no"/>ti<unclear>ya</unclear>raiya-maṅka

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Ippoṉ koṇ

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Ip-poṉni

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<lb n="23"/>poḻutukku Uri pacca

<lb n="24" break="no"/>payaṟṟupparuppu kum

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<lb n="36"/>nivētikka poḻutu

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<p>Hail! Prosperity! This is the 18th regnal year of Nṛpatuṅgavarman. For Mahādeva of Tiruvīraṭṭānam of Atiyaraiyamaṅkalam, Pāṇṭi Varaguṇa Mahārāja gave 570 <foreign>kaḻañcu </foreign>of gold; having taken this gold, we, the Nagaram <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nakarattōm</foreign></supplied> of Atiyaraiyamaṅgalam, will have to <supplied reason="subaudible">do</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaṭavōm</foreign></supplied>; in this gold, with the interests of 290 <foreign>kaḻañcu </foreign>of this gold, everyday <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> having added <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ēṟṟi</foreign></supplied> to the 3 <foreign>nāḻi </foreign>and one <foreign>uri </foreign>of <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> 20 <foreign>nāḻi </foreign>of rice for one time <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>poḻukku</foreign></supplied>, five side dishes <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>añcukāy</foreign></supplied> including <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>uḷḷiṭṭa</foreign></supplied> pongal <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kumāya</foreign></supplied> and one <foreign>uri </foreign>of green lentils <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pacca-payaṟṟuparuppu</foreign></supplied>, one <foreign>uḻakku </foreign>of curd for tamarind-vegetable <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>puḷiṅkaṟikku</foreign></supplied> for one time, two <foreign>ceviṭu </foreign><supplied reason="explanation">small measure</supplied> of asafoetida <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāyam</foreign></supplied> for the vegetables <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaṟikku</foreign></supplied> for one time, one <foreign>ceviṭu </foreign>of ghee for frying <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tumikka</foreign></supplied> vegetables for one time, a <foreign>nāḻi </foreign>of ghee to which are added <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ēṟṟi</foreign></supplied> for 4 times as one <foreign>uḻakku </foreign>each time <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pōtu</foreign></supplied> of fragrant ghee in order to offer food to the deity <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nivētikka</foreign></supplied>, one <foreign>uri </foreign>of curd for each time for offering food <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nivētikka</foreign></supplied>, 4 times.<note>The details regarding the ingredients and their measures are not very clear to me.</note></p></div>

Prosperity! Fortune!

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Eighteenth year of Nṛpatoṅkapanmaṉ.<note>Sanskrit Nṛpatuṅkavarman.</note>

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<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1921-1922"/></bibl> (ARIE/1921-1922/B/1921/360).</p>

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