Uttiramērūr, Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ, time of Dantivikramavarman, year 21

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ, larger platform, southern base.

Language: Tamil (tam) [Grantha (grantha), Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00109.

File path: DHARMA_INSPallava00109.xml.

Version: (95a9465), last modified (95a9465).

Edition

⟨1⟩ (sva)sti śrī dan=ti-vi(kra)ma-parmma⟨r⟩kku yāṇṭu Irupatt’ oṉṟ-āvatu nāḷ nūṟṟu Iru-pattu Iraṇṭu Uttaramēru-catu‡⟨r⟩vveti-maṅgalattu sabhaiyōm ceyta vyavasthai Emmūr bhūmi-Uṭaiya kuṭikaḷ bhūmi-sāmantu (ceyka Eṉṟu van=taṉa Epper)ppaṭṭaṉa-

⟨2⟩ vum (sā)(man=tu) ceyya va¡ṉ!ta bhūmi-y-uṭaiyāṉ muṉ ṉi(ṉṟu) po¡ṉṉ! iṭātār bhūmikku sāmantu [**] m po¡ṉṉ! iṭa-mā‡ṭṭā(ta) kuṭi palavum niṟkka-māṭṭātu pōṉamaiyil Ūrōmēy po¡ṉṉ! iṭṭu Avaṉ bhūmiyil [**] poṉ(ṉu)kku vēṇṭum aḷa(vu) Emmūr vaiyiramē-

⟨3⟩ ka-taṭākattukkē bhūmi-y-āka sāma(n=tu) ceytu viṟṟu-k kuṭuttu maṇṭakattu kallilē Eḻuttu (ve)ṭṭu‡vat’ ākavum Ipparicēy vayiramēka-taṭākattukku viṟṟa bhūmi mu-(yā)ṇṭiṉ Akam-paṭi Uṭaiyaṉ mīḷka varil niyāyattāl

⟨4⟩ koḷḷa (U)ṭaiya poṉ ellām koṇṭu viṭṭu-k kuṭuppat’ ākavum mūṉṟu sāmvatsara(mum) ‡ kaḻintāl (I)p-pū(mi/me) y-¡i!-vay(a/i)ramēkattukkē (Aṟa viṟṟu Aṭṭuvat’ ā)kavum Ipparic’ aṉṟi Ār ā⟨ki⟩(lu)m mīḷa-p paṇippār-uḷar ākil Avaṉ bhūmiyu-

⟨5⟩ m va¡yy!iramēka-taṭākattukē mutal-āka viṟṟu Aṭṭuvat’ ākavum Ivaṉ grā(ma-kaṇṭakaṉ) āvāṉ ākavum ‡ (Itu) mīḷa-p paṇi kēṭṭa madhyasthaṉ-uḷaṉ ā¿y?il Avaṉai veṭṭi-p pōka Iṭu(vat’ ā)kavum (I)pparicu ceytu mīḷa-p paṇi{t}ttu-p paṇi-y […]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ °vi(kra)ma° ⬦ °vi(kra)ma° SII • Alternative reading: °vikk=rama° — ⟨1⟩ °catu‡⟨r⟩vveti° ⬦ °caturvveti° SII.

⟨2⟩ iṭa-mā‡ṭṭā(ta) ⬦ iṭa-mā{ā}ṭṭā(ta) SII.

⟨4⟩ sāmvatsara(mum) ⬦ sāṁvatsaramu(um) SII.

Translation

⟨1⟩ Prosperity! Fortune!

⟨1⟩ Twenty-first year and day one hundred twenty-two of Dantivikramaparmmar.1

⟨1⟩ Decision (vyavasthā) that We, the members of the assembly of Uttaramērucaturrvedimaṅgala, did.

⟨1–3⟩ Whereas the cultivators (kuṭikaḷ) who owns land in our village, after saying “Let us make the boundary assessment" (sāmantu), made the the boundary assessment, of whatsoever kind that has come (vantaṉa), many cultivators (kuṭi palavum), coming forward (muṉ niṉṟu2) ⟨as⟩ land-owners ⟨and⟩ not able to provide gold ⟨according⟩ to the boundary assessment, did not provide gold (poṉ iṭātār) gold, because of having left(pōṉamaiyil) ⟨the village⟩ without coming ⟨forward to pay this due⟩ (niṟkkamāṭṭātu), let it be engraved ⟨in⟩ letters on the stone of the maṇḍapa (maṇṭakattu) that, We, the members of the village committee (ūrōm), after having provided gold (poṉ iṭṭu) ⟨and⟩ having made the boundary assessment for the Vajramegha tank in our village ⟨as per⟩ the extent (aḷavu) which is necessary (vēṇtum) for the gold ⟨due for⟩ his (i.e. the defaulter) land, we gave it for sale.

⟨3–4⟩ In this wise (ipparicēy), if the owner (uṭaiyaṉ) of an inner tract (akam paṭi) comes to recover (mīḷka varil), ⟨within⟩ three years (mu-yāṇṭiṉ), land sold for the Vajramegha tank, let ⟨us⟩ give ⟨it⟩ back (kuṭuppat’ ākavum), after receiving the full gold (poṉ ellām koṇṭu viṭṭu) due to get it as per the regulation (niyāyattāl koḷḷa uṭaiya).

⟨4⟩ If three years pass away (kaḻintāl), let ⟨us⟩ endow (aṭṭuvatu) this land for the Vajramegha tank, after selling ⟨it⟩ (viṟṟu) permanently (aṟa3).

⟨4–5⟩ Contrary to this wise (ipparic’ aṉṟi, “not being this wise”), if (ākil) one among those who give orders (paṇippār-uḷar), whoever he is (ār ākilum, i.e. yār ākilum), ⟨orders⟩ to return (mīḷa) ⟨such lands⟩, let ⟨us⟩ endow land of his own (avaṉ bhūmiyum), after selling ⟨it⟩, as capital (mutal-āka) for the Vajramegha tank.

⟨5⟩ Let him be ⟨considered⟩ an enemy of the village (grāma-kaṇṭakaṉ).

⟨5⟩ If one among the madhyasthas (madhyasthaṉ-uḷaṉ āyil) sollicits an order to return (mīḷa-p paṇi kēṭṭa) this (i.e., such a land), let ⟨him⟩ be discharged of office (avaṉai veṭṭippōka iṭuvatu ākavum).

⟨5⟩ Having done (ceytu) in this wise, and having ordered to return ⟨such lands⟩ (mīḷa-p paṇittu) … (paṇi-y) […]

Commentary

EI version: 4 lines. Incorrect for 5 lines.

sāmantu. See EI discussion.

⟨4–5⟩ niyāyattāl koḷḷa uṭaiya poṉ ellām. See EI, p. 33. Literally: “the entire gold owned so as to get [the land] as per regulation.”

⟨4–5⟩ veṭṭi-p pōka iṭu(vat’ ā)kavum. See EI, p. 34. Literally: “...”.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1897–98 (ARIE/1897-1898/B/1898/61).

Edited in Subrahmanya Aiyer 1928 (SII 6.334). Edited and translated in Subrahmanya Aiyer 1936–1937 (EI 24.7A). Text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 109).

This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, from autopsy and photos (2019).

Primary

[SII] Subrahmanya Aiyer, K. V. 1928. South-Indian inscriptions (texts). Volume VI: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil, Telugu and Kannada countries. South Indian Inscriptions 6. Calcutta: Government of India, Central Publication Branch. Page 161, item 344.

[SA] Subrahmanya Aiyer, K.V. 1936–1937. “Regulations of the Sabha from two Uttaramallur inscriptions.” EI 24.7, pp. 28–42. Pages 29–34.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Pages 352–353, item 109.

Secondary

[ARIE] ARIE 1897–98. G.O. Nos. 1093-1096, 29th August 1898. Epigraphy. Directing that the annual report of the Government Epigraphist for 1897-98 be forwarded to the Government of India, approving provisionally his programme of work for the next fields season. Edited by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department, 1898. Page 18, appendix B/1898, item 61.

Notes

  1. 1. Sanskrit Dantivikramavarman.

  2. 2. Literally: standing in front.

  3. 3. Literally: so as to be settled.