Tiruvatikai slab

Editor: Emmanuel Francis.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00071.

Summary: Donation of paddy and gold by Maṇiyaṉ, a devotee of the Mahādeva of the Akattiśvaram temple in Aviṉūr.

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy).

Version: (731357b), last modified (18e0138).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

paramēccura-p⟨2⟩-pōt·taraiyar·k(·)ku yāṇ·ṭu mū⟨3⟩ṉṟ-āvatu

Aviṉūr·-t tiru-Akatti⟨4⟩śvarattu mahādevar aṭiyāṉ maṇi⟨5⟩yaṉ· tiru-p(·)-pali pōtavataṟkum tiru⟨6⟩-Am¡i!⟨u⟩⟨tu⟩kkum Oṭ·ṭi-p poli-y-ūṭṭu vait(·)ta ⟨7⟩ (pa)ric-āvatu

ko(ṟu)t·ta(lai nā)c·ca(ṉ ma)⟨8⟩(ṇ·)ṭ(aiyāḻ)·vā(ṉ) [ca. 4×] (r ēt)·ta⟨t⟩tu ⟨9⟩ [m]akiḻa(r) ēttat(tu mēl Uṭai)ya Aññ(ū)⟨10⟩[ṟ](ṟu)-k kāṭi(yum)

Ūruṇi (A)kattu-p(·) po⟨11⟩[ṟ]kuṉ⟨ṟa⟩-c-caṭaṅ·kaviyār ē(tta)⟨t⟩(tu) mēlai pir(ā)⟨12⟩[ya]]-ceṟuv(i)ṉ ṟalai Uṭaiya kalam [space=1] ⟨13⟩ n(e)l· mu-p·-patiṉ· kāṭiyum· poṉ· kaḻañ·⟨14⟩(cu)m·

Ic-ceṟuviṉuḷ poṟ·ṟattaṉā⟨r⟩ kūṟā⟨15⟩(ya)tum· koṭuṅ· ceṟuvu tala-c·-camāṭāka ⟨16⟩ [ne]l ¡Am!⟨ain⟩-patiṉ kāṭikkum poli-Ūṭ⟨17⟩(ṭ’ u)ṇṇa Uṭaiyatu koṟut·talai po⟨18⟩[ṟ](k)kattiyār maka{n}ṉ iṭai Ūruṇi-(A)ka[t]⟨19⟩(tu kaiyi)ṭoṟ·ṟi Uṭaiya kala(m) poṉ (Aṟu) ⟨20⟩ kaḻañcum neṟ· patiṉā¿ṟ·?⟨ṟu⟩ kāṭiyu(m)

k(ai)vi(ṭo)⟨21⟩(ṟ)ṟi ko(ṟut)talai-p poṟ(ṟā)ḻiyār{r} iṭ(ai) ⟨22⟩ (Ū)r(u)ṇi-Akattu-k koṇṭa(ṇa)ṅku(ḻi Iva)⟨23⟩[r-u]ṭ[ai]ya nilattiṉ· ṟalaiyum· karuppēt·⟨24⟩[ta]⟨t⟩tu Ivar-uṭaiya mūṉ·ṟu ceṟuviṉ ṟa⟨25⟩l[ai]yum (ā)ka Uṭaiya kalam Aṟu kaḻañcum ⟨26⟩ nel Aṟupatiṉ kāṭiyum{m}

ik-ko⟨27⟩ṇṭaṇaṅ-kuḻi naṭu(vil) Iraṇṭu (ku)⟨28⟩[1×]ṭiṉ· ṟalaiyum· koṇṭaṇaṅ-k(i)⟨29⟩(ḻa)var poḻa na[ca. 2+]ṉtiyār iṭai Uṭai⟨30⟩ya nāṟpatiṉ· kāṭi nel·lum

piṇṭi ⟨31⟩ Ūṭ·ṭippaṭṭi-t· tēvapūti Aṅ·kama(ṇi) ⟨32⟩ p(e)ṟṟa ceṟuviṉ· ṟalai-Uṭaiya nel· n(ā)⟨33⟩(n)āṟpatiṉ· kāṭiyum·

(koṟuttalai-p) ⟨34⟩ (poṟ)· katti(yār maka)¡(n)!⟨ṉ⟩ (iḻuk)·ka[ṅkāṭṭu]⟨35⟩(-p-paṭṭi nilattilum) [1×] (lama)[ṉa paṭṭi-t] ⟨36⟩ (talai Uṭaiya) ¡(Añ-ñ)!⟨Ain-⟩(ūṟṟu) [kāṭiyum]

⟨37⟩ ko(ṟuttalai-p po)ṉ· (ṉi)la(ṉār ē)tat⟨38⟩⟨t⟩(tu)-p· paṭṭi nilan talai-c-caimāṭ-(ā)ka ⟨39⟩ Uṭaiya ne¡l·l!⟨l·⟩ ¡a(ñ-ñūṟ)!⟨ain-nūṟ⟩ṟu-k (kāṭiyum)

⟨40⟩ Aḻicu-p· poṟ·ṟiṇṭat tiruvētiyā⟨41⟩(r) tal(ai)-p·-pāṭa{k}ka(ttu Āṟu) ceṟuvi[ṉ ṟa]⟨42⟩(lai)-Uṭ(ai)ya kalam· Aṟu kaḻañcu poṉ·⟨43⟩ṉum·

Ivar-iṭa(yē va)ṭa-(pālai) pa(ḷ)ḷa-c⟨44⟩ceṟuvi(ṉ ṟalai) muppati(ṉ kā)ṭi (nel)⟨45⟩(lu)m (poli-Ū)ṭṭu

Aḻi(cūr ciṟṟayaṉ ta)⟨46⟩(lai)-p-pā(ṭakattu m)(u/ū)(ṉṟu ceṟuviṉ ṟalai)⟨47⟩yum (Aṟupatiṉ kāṭi nellālum pa)⟨48⟩tiṉ· (Añ)kāṭi (nellum poli-Ūṭṭu)⟨49⟩vat’ ā⟨ka⟩vum

(Iṉ-ne)l muta(l)ā(l) pati(ṉ kā)⟨50⟩ṭi(yāl) Oru kāṭi (ne)l· poli-Ūṭṭuva⟨51⟩tum poṉ kaḻañciṉ vāy Aṟu⟨52⟩kāl nel· poli Uṉpat’ ākavum

⟨53⟩ sa(bhai)yuM panmāheśvararuM ⟨54⟩ Iddha(r)mmaM rakṣittār aṭi Eṉ ṟalai ⟨55⟩ mēlaṉa ⁋

kāl·kaṭu taṭ·ṭam

Apparatus

⟨2⟩ mū⟨3⟩ṉṟ-āvatu ⬦ mu⟨3⟩ṉṟ-āvatu KVS IP.

⟨6⟩ Am¡i!⟨u⟩⟨tu⟩kkum ⬦ A(mi)tukkum KVS IP.

⟨7⟩ (ma)⟨8⟩(ṇ·)ṭ(aiyāḻ)·vā(ṉ) [ca. 4×] ⬦ (ma)⟨8⟩(ṇ·ṭaiyāḻ·vā) [3×] KVS IP.

⟨8⟩ (ēt)·ta⟨t⟩tu ⬦ (ēttatu) KVS; (ētta)⟨t⟩(tu) IP.

⟨11⟩ ē(tta)⟨t⟩(tu) ⬦ ētattu KVS; ētta⟨t⟩tu IP.

⟨16⟩ ¡Am!⟨ain⟩-patiṉ ⬦ Añpatiṉ KVS; Aiñpati IP.

⟨20⟩ patiṉā¿ṟ·?⟨ṟu⟩ ⬦ patiṉāṟ KVS IP.

⟨23⟩ karuppēt·⟨24⟩[ta]⟨t⟩tu ⬦ karuppēt⟨24⟩tatu KVS; karuppēt⟨24⟩ta⟨t⟩tu IP.

⟨26⟩ kāṭiyum{m}ik-ko⟨27⟩ṇṭaṇaṅ-kuḻi ⬦ kāṭiyum mikko⟨27⟩ṇṭaṇaṅkuḻi KVS; kāṭiyum ikko⟨27⟩ṇṭaṇaṅkuḻi IP.

⟨27⟩ (ku)⟨28⟩[1×]ṭiṉ· ⬦ ku⟨28⟩(ḻiyi)ṉ KVS IP • The reading kuḻiyiṉ however makes better sense.

⟨29⟩ na[ca. 2+]ṉtiyār ⬦ naṉtiyār KVS IP.

⟨34⟩ (maka)¡(n)!⟨ṉ⟩ ⬦ makan KVS; makaṉ IP.

⟨37⟩ (ē)tat⟨38⟩⟨t⟩(tu)-p· ⬦ ētat⟨38⟩tup KVS; ēt⟨t⟩at⟨38⟩tup IP.

⟨39⟩ ¡a(ñ-ñūṟ)!⟨ain-nūṟ⟩ṟu-k (kāṭiyum) ⬦ aññūṟṟu kāṭiyum KVS; ¡a(ñ-ñūṟ)!⟨ain-nūṟ⟩ṟuk kāṭiyum IP.

⟨41⟩ -pāṭa{k}ka(ttu) ⬦ pāṭakkattu KVS; pāṭa{k}kattu IP.

⟨46⟩ (m)(u/ū)(ṉṟu) ⬦ muṉṟu KVS; mūṉṟu IP.

⟨50⟩ -Ūṭṭuva⟨51⟩tum ⬦ Ūṭṭuva⟨51⟩tum KVS IP • It seems that there is one more character engraved between Ūṭṭuva and tum, but this would hardly make sense.

Translation by Emmanuel Francis

(1) Prosperity! Fortune!

(1–3) Third year of Paramēccurppōttaraiyar1.

(3–7) [This is] the way that Maṇiyaṉ, the devotee (atiyāṉ) of the Mahādeva of the glorious Akattiśvaram at Aviṉūr, gave interests so as provide (oṭṭi) for the food-offerings (amutu) and for what is adequate (pōtavataṟku) [for] the glorious offerings (pali2):

(7–10)

(10–14)

(14–20)

(20–16)

(26–30)

(30–33)

(33–36)

(37–39)

(40–43)

(43–45)

(45–49)

(49–52)

(53–55) The feet [of] those, (among) the assembly (sabhai) and the Panmāheśvarars, who protect this pious donation (dharma) are on my head.

(55) ... (kālkaṭu taṭṭam).

Commentary

(3–7) It is not clear in favour of which god the donation is made: the Mahādeva of Tiruvatikai, the find-spot of the slab, or the Mahādeva of the Akattiśvaram temple in Aviṉūr, the residence of the donor Maṇiyaṉ.

(53) sa(bhai)yuM panmāheśvararuM. It is not clear if this phrase is the signature of the record or if, as translated above, it is part of the following benediction phrase.

(55) After this final line, a later phrase, unrelated to the original record and consisting in a name (nataṅ·karācareṭ·ṭi) has been engraved upside down.

Bibliography

Edited in Subrahmanya Aiyer 1937 (SII 8, no. 331); text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 71); re-edited and first translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on photographs (2007).

Primary

[KVS] Subrahmanya Aiyer, K.V. 1937. South-Indian inscriptions (texts). Volume VIII: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada countries. South Indian Inscriptions 7. Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Manager of Publications). Pages 177–178, item 331.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Pages 215–217, item 71.

Secondary

Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1903. G.O., etc., Nos. 655-656, 24th July 1903. Epigraphy. Passing orders on the annual report on – for 1902-1903. Copy to the Government of India, Department of Revenue and Agriculture. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department. Page 22, appendix B/1903, item 56.

Notes

  1. 1. That is, the Pallava king Parameśvara.
  2. 2. That is, Sanskrit bali.