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· <title>Wintang Mas I (800 Śaka)</title>
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15 <forename>Arlo</forename>
· <surname>Griffiths</surname>
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20 <resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
· <persName ref="part:argr">
· <forename>Arlo</forename>
· <surname>Griffiths</surname>
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25 </respStmt>
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· <authority>DHARMA</authority>
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30 <idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSIDENKWintangMasI</idno>
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· <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
· <p>This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.</p>
· <p>Copyright © 2019-2025 by Arlo Griffiths.</p>
35 </licence>
· </availability>
· <date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
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· <p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).</p>
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· <p><pb n="1r"/><lb n="1r1"/><supplied reason="lost">svasti śaka-var</supplied>ṣātīta <num value="800">800</num> śravaṇa-māsa tithi trayodaśi kr̥ṣṇa-pakṣa‚ <abbr><choice><sic>pa</sic><corr>vu</corr></choice></abbr>, <abbr>U</abbr>, śu, vāra‚</p>
80 <p>tatkāla dyaḥ puṭu dinulur· deni rāmanira I kapuhunan·, juru pu go<lb break="no" n="1r2"/><gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/> tuha banuA saṁ Ādikā‚ muAṁ saṁ surā muAṁ saṁ tarā, saṁ garyya‚ ḍaṇḍa si kupiṁ, nāhan· kvaiḥ rāmanta dumulur· dyaḥ puṭu kālanyan· pinuput· pamuAtni
· <lb n="1r3"/>sīmanira I <unclear reason="eccentric_ductus">v</unclear>intaṁ mas·, kāla pitāmaha Iṁ kailāsa vineḥ I maṅulihi,</p>
· <p>kunaṁ parbhaktyanya I bhaṭāra śrī haricandana, kayatnāknanira muAṁ Anak·-vka<lb break="no" n="1r4"/>nira, katka dlāha, tan· pīṭā I tkani kapūjān· bhaṭāra haricandana, Iṁ trisamvatsarādi, praṣama <supplied reason="omitted">ma</supplied>buka pintu, maṅasəAkna ya pasaṁ bras· tahilan·
· <lb n="1r5"/><num value="1">1</num> muAṁ phalāphalinya I bhaṭāra, muvaḥ tkani kapūjān· bhaṭāra buAt thyaṁ pisan· Iṁ satahun· mapuñjuṅa sira Agavaya Annaliṅga pamūjā I bha<lb break="no" n="1r6"/>ṭāra brahmā<unclear>,</unclear> muvaḥ mārgaśira-māsa, mākha-kāla, maṅasəAkna ya pasaṁ bras· tahilan· <num value="1">1</num> muAṁ phalāphalinya, I bhaṭāra haricandana,</p> <p>manamvaḥ
· <lb n="1r7"/>dyaḥ puṭu‚ maṅasəAkan· sira mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="2">2</num> vḍihan· <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> I <abbr>samgat·</abbr> tiruAn· pu sapi‚ <abbr>samgat·</abbr> maṅulihi, pitāmaha Iṁ kailāsa, vineḥ vḍihan· <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num>
85 <lb n="1r8"/>mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="2">2</num><supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> tuhān· I maṅulihi, pagar vsi, saṁ <seg rend="check">ph</seg>aṇa varaṅan·, vineḥ vḍihan· <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="2">2</num><supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied>
· taru maṅamvil· ḍa punta pula, vineḥ vḍihan· <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> mas· <num value="2">2</num><supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied>
· <lb n="1r9"/>saṁ karaṅka, tuṅgu rumaḥ I jamvu, vineḥ vḍihan· <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="2">2</num><supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied></p>
· <p>tatra sākṣī pitāmaha bhagavanta makabaihan·, muAṁ saṁ talahantan· kālih‚ ḍa punta vgi<lb break="no" n="1r10"/>l· ḍa punta ma<space type="descender"/>yaṅkā, rā<space type="descender"/>ma I bun hamas· kāliḥ saṁ karaṅ hulu, saṁ Aḍuti‚ parujar· si padmini, juru I ḍihyaṁ pu maṇḍiṁ, pasiṅir· saṁ paluṅan·, mu<lb break="no" n="1r11"/>Aṁ saṁ nalī, saṁ prabhī‚ pasak· kinabehannira pirak· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="8">8</num><supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied></p> <p>likhita saṁ paṅuraṁ saṁ triyur· tuṁtuṁ ka<choice><sic>ṇva</sic><corr>rvo</corr></choice>liha pirak· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="2">2</num> <g type="ddandaCross"/></p>
·
90 <lg n="1" met="anuṣṭubh" xml:lang="san-Latn">
· <l n="a">jagatāṁ sarvvatobhadra‚</l>
· <l n="b">vara<lb n="1r12" break="no"/>n dāsyasi sāmpratam·</l>
· <l n="c">Asmāsu sakaleṣv <choice><sic>ai</sic><corr>e</corr></choice>va,</l>
· <l n="d">Asāmānyopalabdhaye <g type="ddandaCross"/></l>
95 </lg>
· <lg n="2" met="anuṣṭubh" xml:lang="san-Latn">
· <l n="a">nāveśyaḥ darśano baddhyaḥ</l>
· <l n="b">nirvvāṇaḥ pānyakas tathā</l>
· <l n="c">Āhr̥to bhaiṣaja<pb n="1v" break="no"/><lb n="1v1" break="no"/><unclear>ś</unclear> caiva</l>
100 <l n="d">sarvve t<unclear>e</unclear> mataru coditaḥ <g type="ddanda"/></l>
·
·
·
·
105
·
·
·
·
110
· </lg>
· <lg n="3" met="anuṣṭubh" xml:lang="san-Latn">
· <l n="a">brahmaṇī gariṇī tatvam</l>
· <l n="b">anāryyam vihīnan tathā</l>
115 <l n="c">yadvat pāpaṁ mahat prāpya</l>
· <l n="d">tadvat· <choice><sic>ma</sic><corr>R̥</corr></choice>ccha śapāt śapāt· ||</l>
· </lg>
·
· </div>
120 <div type="apparatus">
· <listApp>
· <app loc="1r1">
· <lem><abbr><choice><sic>pa</sic><corr>vu</corr></choice></abbr></lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01"><abbr>pa</abbr></rdg>
125 <note>The need to correct the abbreviation for the name the <foreign>ṣaḍvāra</foreign> was pointed out by <bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1955_01"/></bibl>.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="1r2">
· <lem>saṁ surā</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01">saṁ surā</rdg>
130 <note>My reading agrees with <bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1970_01"/><citedRange unit="page">476</citedRange></bibl>.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="1r3">
· <lem><unclear reason="eccentric_ductus">v</unclear>intaṁ</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01">pintaṁ</rdg>
135 </app>
· <app loc="1r4">
· <lem>pīṭā</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01">pīṭhā</rdg>
· <note>Was <foreign>pīḍā</foreign> intended?</note>
140 </app>
· <app loc="1r4">
· <lem>praṣama <supplied reason="omitted">ma</supplied>buka</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01">prasama buka</rdg>
· <note>I assume on the analogy of <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKTaji">Taji</ref> (1r6, 7r5) that we require a prefixed verb form after <foreign>prasama</foreign> and that the second <foreign>ma</foreign> has been dropped by haplography.</note>
145
·
·
·
· </app>
150 <app loc="1r6">
· <lem>mākha-kāla</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01">makha-kāla</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="1r8">
155 <lem>saṁ <seg rend="check">ph</seg>aṇa</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01">ḍa<choice><unclear>ṇa</unclear><unclear>po</unclear></choice></rdg>
·
· </app>
· <app loc="1r10">
160 <lem source="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01">saṁ Aḍuti</lem>
· <note>Proposing the alternative reading <foreign>Adhuti</foreign>, <bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1970_01"/><citedRange unit="page">97</citedRange><citedRange unit="note">1</citedRange></bibl> claims: <q>Le <foreign>dh</foreign> est mal formé mais aucune autre lecture n’est possible</q>.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="1r10">
· <lem>pasiṅir·</lem>
165 <rdg source="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01">pasiṅar·</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="1r11">
· <lem>ka<choice><sic>ṇva</sic><corr>rvo</corr></choice>liha</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01">kapvoliha</rdg>
170 <note><bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1970_01"/><citedRange unit="page">251</citedRange><citedRange unit="note">1</citedRange></bibl> notes: <q>Lecture incertaine, mais la plus probable nous paraît <foreign>kaṇṭalīha</foreign>. Le « <foreign>kapwaliha</foreign> » de Poerbatjaraka nous paraît exclu</q>. But Damais' alternative reading yields no sense.</note>
· </app>
·
·
·
175
·
· </listApp>
· </div>
· <div type="translation" xml:lang="eng" resp="part:argr">
180 <p n="1r1-1r2">Hail! Elapsed Śaka year 800, month of Śrāvaṇa, thirteenth <foreign>tithi</foreign> of the waning fortnight, Panirvan, Umanis, Friday (i.e., 1 August 878 CE).</p>
· <p>That was when <foreign>dyah</foreign> Puṭu was accompanied by his headmen at Kapuhunan:
· <list>
· <item>the foreman <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>pu</foreign> Go<gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="2"/>;</item>
· <item>the village elders <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Ādikā and <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Surā and <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Tarā‚ <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Garya;</item>
185 <item>the <foreign>daṇḍa</foreign> <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>si</foreign> Kupiṅ.<note>The function called <foreign>ḍaṇḍa</foreign> is only rarely attested. The only other occurrence I am aware of is <foreign>ḍaṇḍa pu Aṅgə<supplied reason="lost" cert="low">han</supplied></foreign> in the <ref target="DHARMA_INSINDENKMangulihiA.xml">Mangulihi A inscription</ref> (line B1).</note></item>
· </list>
· Those were all the headmen who accompanied <foreign>dyah</foreign> Puṭu when the <foreign>pamvat</foreign> of their <foreign>sīma</foreign> at Vintaṅ Mas was accomplished, <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> when the priest <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pitāmaha</foreign></supplied> of Kailāsa was given Maṅulihi <supplied reason="subaudible">as apanage</supplied>.<note>The priest of Kailāsa intended here seems to be the person mentioned as official of Maṅulihi in line 1r7.</note></p>
· <p n="1r2-1r6">As for its <supplied reason="explanation">i.e., the village's</supplied> service <supplied reason="explanation">? <foreign>parbhaktyan</foreign></supplied> to the deity Śrī Haricandana, they as well as their descendants must exert themselves for it down into the future. They must not be neglectful <supplied reason="explanation" cert="low"><foreign>pīṭā</foreign>, i.e., <foreign>pīḍā</foreign></supplied><note>The sentence is analogous to <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKWintangMasII">Wintang Mas II</ref> (1r4–5) <foreign>Iṁ trisamvatsara ya <unclear>ta</unclear>n· luptā</foreign>. It could be that <foreign>pīṭā</foreign> is an irrealis form derived from <foreign>pīṭa</foreign>, just as <foreign>luptā</foreign> is derived from <foreign>lupta</foreign>. It seems to have been mainly on the basis of this analogy that scholars starting with Krom (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="Krom1924_01"/></bibl>) have considered that the word must mean something like <q>negligent</q>. Sarkar (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Sarkar1971-1972_01"/><citedRange unit="volume">II</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">355</citedRange></bibl>) lists the word as <foreign>pīṭhā</foreign> and translated <foreign>sit idly</foreign>, implying that he considered it a loanword from Skt. <foreign>pīṭha</foreign> <q>seat</q>. It seems more likely that the intended base word was <foreign>pīḍā</foreign>, itself derived from the verbal root <foreign>pīḍ</foreign> which can mean, among other things, <q>to hurt, harm, injure; to break (a vow); to neglect (one's family)</q>. In Old Javanese, the word is so far attested only in the compound <foreign>parapīḍā</foreign>. Cf. Vararuci's <title>Sārasamuccaya</title> (331) <foreign>nihan lvirniṅ tan saṅsargan, vvaṅ maṅulahakən pisakit, parapīḍā durācāra, vvaṅ gə̄ṅ pramāda, vvaṅ mithyāvāda, vvaṅ tan apagəh kabhaktinya, vvaṅ gə̄ṅ rāga, vvaṅ sakta riṅ madya, nahan taṅ nəm kaniṣṭaniṅ vvaṅ, tan yogya sivin</foreign>.</note> at the moment <supplied reason="explanation">? <foreign>təkan</foreign></supplied><note>None of the meanings recorded in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Zoetmulder1982_01"/><citedRange unit="entry"><foreign>təkan</foreign></citedRange></bibl>, under <foreign>təkan iṅ</foreign>, namely <q>up to, until, including</q>, seem to be adequate in contexts such as the present one. Cf. also <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKRampal.xml">Rampal</ref> (794 Ś., lines 6–7) <foreign>Anuṁ (m)apa(s)a(ṅ)ṅa Inimpǝnnakan· saṁ tali I tkaniṁ vulan· hapit· mā 1 ku 2</foreign> and <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKGulung-gulung.xml">Gulung-Gulung</ref> (851 Ś., lines A6–7)
· <foreign>mataṅyan tuṅgala gatyanikaṁ saṁ hyaṁ kahyaṅan· kapva siliḥ lavada sakarmmaṇya I paṅavān· muAṁ I himad· yan· tkaniṁ kapūjān· bhaṭāra I paṅavān· Umilva sakarmmaṇya I himad· tkaniṁ kapūjān· bhaṭāra I himad· Ilva sakarmmaṇya I paṅavān·</foreign>.</note> of the worship of the deity Haricandana.
190 <list>
· <item>At the start of the triennial <supplied reason="explanation">period</supplied>, together they open the doors <supplied reason="explanation">? <foreign>buka pintu</foreign></supplied>.<note>According to <bibl><ptr target="bib:Zoetmulder1982_01"/><citedRange>s.v. <foreign>buka pintu</foreign>, <foreign>pamuka lavaṅ</foreign></citedRange></bibl>, the expression denotes <q>a certain contribution or payment</q>, with reference to the present passage and a Balinese inscription where we read <foreign>pamuka lavaṅ</foreign>. But it does not seem necessary to assume such a fiscal connotation here. Although it remains unknown what ritual context is implied by the term <foreign>trisamvatsara</foreign>, the collocation with <foreign>umah</foreign> in <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKManguligiA">Mangulihi A</ref> (A24) suggests that actual temple doors and the Malay meaning of <foreign>buka</foreign> are likely to be involved in <foreign>buka pintu</foreign>.
·
·
·
195
·
· </note> They shall offer 1 <foreign>tahilan</foreign> of <foreign>pasaṅ bras</foreign> with its various fruits to the deity.</item>
· <item>Also, <supplied reason="subaudible">at the</supplied> moment of the worship of the deity Haricandana, the divine corvée once per year is that they must present <supplied reason="subaudible">food</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mapuñjuṅa</foreign></supplied><note><bibl><ptr target="bib:Zoetmulder1982_01"/><citedRange unit="entry"><foreign>puñjuṅ</foreign></citedRange></bibl> <q><foreign>amuñjuṅ</foreign> sticking out with the point upwards? <gap reason="ellipsis"/>
·
200 <foreign>Amuñjuṅ</foreign> here does not seem to be related to ModJ <foreign>muñjuṅ</foreign> (to present st., esp. food, in token of respect or gratitude) and bal. <foreign>mamuñjuṅ</foreign> (to present food to the dead)</q>. Zoetmulder's dictionary does not cite the present passage which evidently does involve a meaning comparable to the Modern Javanese and Balinese words that he refers to.</note> by making a <seg rend="check">rice-cone</seg> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>anna-liṅga</foreign></supplied> for the worship of the deity Brahmā.
·</item>
· <item>Also, the month of Mārgaśira is the festival period. They shall offer 1 <foreign>tahilan</foreign> of <foreign>pasaṅ bras</foreign> with its various fruits to the deity Haricandana.</item>
· </list>
· </p>
205 <p n="1r6-1r9"><foreign>Dyah</foreign> Puṭu offered homage. He offered 2 <foreign>māṣa</foreign>s of gold <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> 1 set of <foreign>vḍihan</foreign> <supplied reason="explanation">cloth</supplied> to the official of Tiruan <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>pu</foreign> Sapi.<note>This official also figures in <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKWanuaTengahI.xml">Wanua Tengah</ref> I (lines 7–8) and in the parallel passage in Wanua Tengah II.</note> The official of Maṅulihi, <supplied reason="explanation">i.e.,</supplied> the priest of Kailāsa,<note>See line 1r3.</note> was given 1 set of <foreign>vḍihan</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> 2 <foreign>māṣa</foreign>s of gold.
· The foreman at Maṅulihi, <supplied reason="explanation">i.e.,</supplied> the Pagar Vəsi <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>saṅ</foreign> <seg rend="check">Phaṇa Varaṅan</seg> was given 1 set of <foreign>vḍihan</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> 2 <foreign>māṣa</foreign>s of gold.
· The Taru Maṅambil <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>ḍa punta</foreign> Pula was given 1 set of <foreign>vḍihan</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> 2 <foreign>māṣa</foreign>s of gold.
· <foreign>Saṅ</foreign> Karaṅka, home guard at Jambu, was given 1 set of <foreign>vḍihan</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> 2 <foreign>māṣa</foreign>s of gold.</p>
· <p n="1r9-1r11">The witnesses to it were all reverend priests, along with the two <foreign>talahantan</foreign>s <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>ḍa punta</foreign> Vəgil <supplied reason="explanation">and</supplied> <foreign>ḍa punta</foreign> Mayaṅkā; the two headmen at Bu Hamas <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Karaṅ Hulu <supplied reason="explanation">and</supplied> <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Aḍuti; the herald <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>si</foreign> Padmini; the foreman at Ḍihyaṅ <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>pu</foreign> Maṇḍiṅ; the <foreign>pasiṅir</foreign>s <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Paluṅan, as well as <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Nalī <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Prabhī. The gifts <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pasak</foreign></supplied> shared by them were 8 <foreign>māṣa</foreign>s of silver.</p>
210 <p n="1r11">Written by <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Paṅuraṅ <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Triyur Tuṅtuṅ: both shall share receive 2 <foreign>māṣa</foreign>s of silver.</p>
·
·
·
·
215
· <p rend="stanza" n="1">O you who face outwards in directions to <supplied reason="subaudible">all</supplied> creatures! You will <supplied reason="subaudible">please</supplied> give a boon now to us all, so that we may attain something uncommon.
·</p>
· <p rend="stanza" n="2"/>
· <p rend="stanza" n="3">Like the ..., ignoble and destitute, that you obtain, on sin as great you must fall due to every curse.</p>
220 </div>
· <div type="commentary">
· <p>This charter has previously been designated as Pintang Mas or Kapuhunan. The designation Wintang Mas I is here preferred, to emphasize the connection with a charter issued three decades later that also concerns a <foreign>sīma</foreign> at Vintaṅ Mas, called <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKWintangMasII.xml">Wintang Mas II</ref>.</p>
· </div>
· <div type="bibliography">
225 <p>First discussed <bibl><ptr target="Krom1924_01"/></bibl>, then edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01"/></bibl>. The text was initially verified by Arlo Griffiths at the University Library in Leiden, on 9 May and 23 December 2009. The digital edition presented here was reverified from photographs in September 2024.</p>
· <listBibl type="primary">
· <bibl n="siglum"/>
· <bibl n="P"><ptr target="bib:Poerbatjaraka1926_01"/><citedRange unit="page">74-76</citedRange></bibl>
· </listBibl>
230 <listBibl type="secondary">
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Juynboll1907_01"/><citedRange unit="page">107</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">CXCIX</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Krom1924_01"/><citedRange unit="page">222-223</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1952_01"/><citedRange unit="page">38-39</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">A. 42</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1955_01"/><citedRange unit="page">173</citedRange></bibl>
235 <bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1970_01"/><citedRange unit="page">48</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">87</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sarkar1971-1972_01"/><citedRange unit="volume">I</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">XXXVII</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">202-207</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Nakada1982_01"/><citedRange unit="page">84-85</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">I-48</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Eade+Gislen2000_01"/><citedRange unit="page">129</citedRange></bibl>
·
240
·
·
·
·
245
· </listBibl>
· </div>
· </body>
· </text>
250</TEI>
Commentary
This charter has previously been designated as Pintang Mas or Kapuhunan. The designation Wintang Mas I is here preferred, to emphasize the connection with a charter issued three decades later that also concerns a sīma at Vintaṅ Mas, called Wintang Mas II.