Watu Genuk slab (8th c. CE)

Editor: Arlo Griffiths.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSIDENKWatuGenuk.

Language: Sanskrit.

Repository: Nusantara Epigraphy (tfc-nusantara-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-10-30 00:40 (b42d535), last modified 2024-08-27 04:44 (94bbf52).

Edition

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I. Anuṣṭubh

⟨1⟩ mahādeve mudā bhaktiḥ

tridhā yasya viśeṣata(ḥ)

⟨2⟩ sahāye v¿e?⟨ai⟩ sadā bhuktiḥ

sudhāmno ⟨’⟩sya vaśe sataḥ

II. Sragdharā

⟨3⟩ yaẖ kālo varṣa-māsa-prabhr̥tir iha budhair ggaṇyate vi(stareṇa)

⟨4⟩ yad dhema ś(r)eṣṭham iṣṭañ jagati (ba)huvi(dhaṁ) (pū?)raya [–⏑–⏓]

⟨5⟩ dampatyor yyogato yaḫ prabhavati tanayas so ya(th)ā cendriyā(ṇāṁ?)

⟨6⟩ viṣṇ(u?)ṁ bhāryyāṁ sutan trīn (sa)tatam iha (mudā?) kāryyasiddhyai na(māmi?)

Translation by Arlo Griffiths

I

He who, with joy, has particular devotion to Mahādeva (i.e., Śiva) three times (per day), that good one is a fine locus (for Śiva, or for devotion to Śiva) and always has at will the pleasure of (Śiva as) a companion.

II

[As] time, which the learned reckon extensively using (such units of measure as) years, months, etc.; [as] best kind of gold which is desired in the world in its various forms […];¹ as the son who is born from the union of spouses’ organs, [so] I constantly bow, with joy, to the three here — Viṣṇu, his wife [and] their son — for the success of undertakings.

Commentary

The text is incomplete. Traces of the very top of a 7th line are visible on the photos. Unusual cross marks occupy the space between lines 1 and 2. Extra space is left open between stanzas 1 and 2.

The interpretation of stanza II is quite uncertain, partly because of the lacuna at the end of line 4 and the uncertainty of the readings at the ends of lines 5 and 6. One has the impression that the three figures mentioned in the fourth verse quarter somehow correspond to the items Time (Viṣṇu), Gold (= Lakṣmī, Viṣṇu’s wife) and Son of the preceding three verse quarters. The identification of Viṣṇu with Time is not a standard one, though one can imagine the identification being made with reference to Bhagavadgītā 11.32 where Kr̥ṣṇa, the avatāra of Viṣṇu, declares kālo ’smi “I am Time”. Still it is not clear who the son would be.

Bibliography

Read by Arlo Griffiths on 31st January through 3 February, 2023 from photos and a 3D model furnished respectively by Kusworo Rahadyan and by Goenawan Sambodo.

Notes

1. The expression “best kind of gold” (hema śreṣṭham ... bahuvidham) may be an allusion to the passage of chapter 2.13 of the Arthaśāstra which presents a classification of types of gold. In that chapter (2.13.4), we read: kiñjalka-varṇaṃ mr̥du snigdham anādi bhrājiṣṇu ca śreṣṭham “The best kind has the color of lotus filament and is soft, smooth, not sonorous, and radiant” (Olivelle 2013, p. 130).

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<l n="c"><lb n="5"/>dampatyor yyogato yaḫ prabhavati tanayas so ya<unclear>th</unclear>ā cendriyā<unclear cert="low">ṇāṁ</unclear></l>

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<p rend="stanza" n="1">He who, with joy, has particular devotion to Mahādeva <supplied reason="explanation">i.e., Śiva</supplied> three times <supplied reason="explanation">per day</supplied>, that good one is a fine locus <supplied reason="explanation">for Śiva, or for devotion to Śiva</supplied> and always has at will the pleasure of <supplied reason="explanation">Śiva as</supplied> a companion.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="2"><supplied reason="subaudible">As</supplied> time, which the learned reckon extensively using <supplied reason="explanation">such units of measure as</supplied> years, months, etc.;

<supplied reason="subaudible">as</supplied> best kind of gold which is desired in the world in its various forms <gap reason="illegible"/>;<note>The expression <q>best kind of gold</q> (<foreign>hema śreṣṭham ... bahuvidham</foreign>) may be an allusion to the passage of chapter 2.13 of the <title>Arthaśāstra</title> which presents a classification of types of gold. In that chapter (2.13.4), we read: <foreign>kiñjalka-varṇaṃ mr̥du snigdham anādi bhrājiṣṇu ca śreṣṭham</foreign> <q>The best kind has the color of lotus filament and is soft, smooth, not sonorous, and radiant</q> (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Olivelle2013_01"/><citedRange>130</citedRange></bibl>).</note> as the son who is born from the union of spouses' organs, <supplied reason="subaudible">so</supplied> I constantly bow, with joy, to the three here — Viṣṇu, his wife <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> their son — for the success of undertakings.</p>

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<p>The text is incomplete. Traces of the very top of a 7th line are visible on the photos. Unusual cross marks occupy the space between lines 1 and 2. Extra space is left open between stanzas 1 and 2.</p>

<p>The interpretation of stanza II is quite uncertain, partly because of the lacuna at the end of line 4 and the uncertainty of the readings at the ends of lines 5 and 6. One has the impression that the three figures mentioned in the fourth verse quarter somehow correspond to the items Time (Viṣṇu), Gold (= Lakṣmī, Viṣṇu's wife) and Son of the preceding three verse quarters. The identification of Viṣṇu with Time is not a standard one, though one can imagine the identification being made with reference to <title>Bhagavadgītā</title> 11.32 where Kr̥ṣṇa, the <foreign>avatāra</foreign> of Viṣṇu, declares <foreign>kālo 'smi</foreign> <q>I am Time</q>. Still it is not clear who the son would be.</p>

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<p>Read by Arlo Griffiths on 31st January through 3 February, 2023 from photos and a 3D model furnished respectively by Kusworo Rahadyan and by Goenawan Sambodo.</p>

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