Kubu-Kubu (827 Ś, 905-10-17)

Authors of digital edition: Wayan Jarrah Sastrawan (wjsa), Arlo Griffiths (argr).

Contributor: Wayan Jarrah Sastrawan (wjsa).

Palaeographic description: Not only its other physical features, but also its script makes this inscription directly comparable to the Balinese manuscript tradition. These features include the use of combined ulu and suku for akṣara cancellation, e.g. vu[[nt]]niṁ (3r1), the use of a grapheme that is ancestral to the modern Balinese ulu ricem (this is also in Sugih Manek and unpublished amantra foils), and the slant shape of basic punctuation sign. These features are found either very rarely or not at all in contemporary inscriptions.

Two forms of the pepet are used here, the usual one with a cross inside the ulu, and a variant with a diagonal stroke that is often rather hard to distinguish from the ī. The string paṅanən i pəsut· illustrates this difference, with the cross pepet used in the first instance of ə and the diagonal pepet in the second.

This inscription furnishes the earliest known example in Old Javanese epigraphy of the use of superscript r marker combined with an independent vowel sign (described in the DHARMA Transliteration Guide §3.3.8). It is found in parujar= I halu (5v4) and parujar= I halaran· (6r1).

Language: Old Javanese (kaw) [Script (unspecified) (script_unspecified)].

Repository: Nusantara Epigraphy (tfc-nusantara-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSIDENKKubu-Kubu.

File path: xml/DHARMA_INSIDENKKubu-Kubu.xml.

Version: (19d0d3f), last modified (72454d8).

Edition

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩⟨right: 1⟩

⟨1v1⟩ ╫⦾╫ svasti saka-varṣatīta 827 k¡a!rtika-mā¡ś!a tithi pratipāda kr̥ṣṇa-pakṣa, ma, ka, vr̥, vāra, variga, tatkāla ḍa punta mañjala, muAṁ saṁ maṁha-

⟨1v2⟩ mbin· saṁ diha, saṁ dhipa, ḍa pu hyaṁ rupin·, sumusuk· Iki tgal· I ◯kubu-kubu bhadrī śīma I rakryān· hujuṁ dyaḥ maṅarak·, mvaṁ rakryān· matu-

⟨1v3⟩ ha R̥kai maja vuntan· maṁjurva Iṁ pakaraṇ¡a!n· I himad· maṅivyə: ca◯ru Aṅkan· juluṁ, saṅkānani vvay·nya I saṅ apatiḥ I kahyunan·, mana-

⟨1v4⟩ mpil· talaṁ rvaṁ tapak· I samuḍuṁ tka ri kubu-kubu pataṁ tapak·, ku◯naṁ sālap·kna ḍa punta mañjala, mvaṁ saṁ maṁhambin· saṁ diha, saṁ dhipa, ḍa pu

⟨1v5⟩ hyaṁ rupin·(,) mvaṁ Ikanaṁ rāma I kubu-kubu sapasuk banva, vinkas· maṅaran· buduṅuḥ rāma kabayan· ḍa pu tapəl·, An pinakahavāniṅ vai, ta

⟨Page 2r⟩

[ca. 5 lost lines]

⟨Page 2v⟩

[ca. 5 lost lines]

⟨Page 3r⟩

⟨3r1⟩ mā 2, juru banva Iṁ pa¿t?araṇan·, ḍa pu śravaṇa, vineḥ vḍihan· 1 mā (1,) vu⟦nt⟧niṁ turus· vineḥ patiḥ saṁ kaly¡a!ṇī, saṁ jīvaṇī saṁ dumpil·

⟨3r2⟩ dyaḥ L̥gīt·, saṁ ḍuṅu, saṁ sumrak·, saṁ vindaḥ, saṁ piṅul·, saṁ saṁkyā, saṁ ◯ manuk· kapva vinaiḥ vḍihan· 1 mā 2, I savvaṁ, parujar patiḥ, saṁ kulā vi-

⟨3r3⟩ naiḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2, parujar· maṁhambin·, saṁ dharmma vineḥ vḍihan· ◯1 ku 2, parujar kahyunan· saṁ bukīt· vineḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2, juru ka-

⟨3r4⟩ laṁ, saṁ javaṁ vineḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2, Ugal-ugal· saṅ uṅkur· vi◯naiḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2, juruni majajahan· muñcu, saṁ susup·, pajukilan·

⟨3r5⟩ saṅ ambān·, mapintu, saṁ bvalu, mvaṁ saṁ (k)ahir kapva vinaiḥ vḍihan· rāma tpi siriṁ, pinakas¡a!kṣī, vinkas· I batvan· saṁ jarā, vineḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2,

⟨Page 3v⟩⟨right: 3⟩

⟨3v1⟩ pañjurvan· I brasahan·, saṁ gaḍaṅan·, vineḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2, vinkas· saṁ kuḍaṁ vinaiḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2, tuha banva saṁ visat· vineḥ vḍihan· 1,

⟨3v2⟩ gusti saṁ sahan· vineḥ vḍihan· 1, vinkas· I kubu-kubu, saṁ buduṅuḥ ◯ vinaiḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2, rāma matuha ḍa pu tapīl· vineḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2

⟨3v3⟩ hulu vv(ā)tan· I tal-tal· ḍa pu mantunī, vineḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2, ◯ vinkas· Iy uṅgaḥ śrī, saṁ śuddhini, vineḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2, ḍa pu pagəḥ

⟨3v4⟩ rāma matuha I kasukhan· vineḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2, ḍa pu Atyanta ◯ rāma matuha I pañjara, mvaṁ saṁ timbun· vineḥ vḍihan· 1 ku 2, mūla

⟨3v5⟩ I buñjal· ḍa pu vuśī, vineḥ vḍihan· 1, kulapati I vr̥ṇnuṁ saṁ ḍaṇḍaka vineḥ vḍihan· 1, rāma I katuha-burvan· man· gandhini, vineḥ vḍiha-

⟨Page 4r⟩

⟨4r1⟩ n· 1 ku 2, tuh¡a!las· I skār paṇḍan· si R̥ṅu vineḥ vḍihan· 1, pinalakvan paR̥pat· rāma Iy uṅgaḥ śrī, mvaṁ I katnahan· vinaiḥ vḍihan·

⟨4r2⟩ 1 ku 2, madaṁ rāma I kubu-kubu saṁ tapīl· vinaiḥ ku 2, maṅla ◯ saṁ butvan· mvaṁ saṁ bhyāsa saṅka ri batvan· vineḥ mā 1, pinintan· kambaṅ mvaṁ

⟨4r3⟩ paravantan·, kulapati Iṅ air gaṅgā Ibuni tr̥b· vinaiḥ mā ◯ 1, tuha paḍahi I himad· si bala vineḥ vḍihan· 1 mā 2, manana-

⟨4r4⟩ m śīma saṁ śāntī, mvaṁ ḍa pu pagiḥ, vineḥ vḍihan· paṅaliḥ sa◯dugala sovaṁ mā 2, gəṁny āmbak· rakry¡a!n hujuṁ mvaṁ R̥ke maja

⟨4r5⟩ vuntin·, An dinulur sira maṅdona mare bantan·, de saṁ mapatiḥ, Alaḥ pvaikaṁ bantan· denira, nāhan mataṁnyār panaḍahakənya

⟨Page 4v⟩⟨right: 4⟩

⟨4v1⟩ Anugraha I śrī mahārāja, I vnaṅanya mapadagaṁ, ṅuniveḥ tan· knanikaṁ śīma Iṁ pinta-pintan·, vulu-vulu, miśra, parāmiśra, tapa haji,

⟨4v2⟩ Air haji, paṅuraṁ, kriṁ, salyut·, tr̥pan·, L̥bəL̥b·, maṁ◯huri, paḍam·, Amrati, malanda(ṁ), L̥ca, makalaṁkaṁ, manimpiki,

⟨4v3⟩ vatu tajam·, halu varak·, limus galuḥ, paṅaruhan·, ◯ Aṅin-aṅin·, kukap· gandār·, sambal·, sumbul· pinila-

⟨4v4⟩ y·, kataṅgaran·, ludan·, tutan·, tuṇḍan·, ko◯ṅan·, pakutakan·, krāṅan·, saṇḍaṅan·, ⊔taṇḍasniṅ mās·,

⟨4v5⟩ təpuṁ kavuṁ limbak kavaḥ, Ityaivamm¡a!di prakāra salvir·niṁ vulu-vulu magəṁ madmit·, ya tikā tan tama Irikana ś¡i!ma, padagaṁnya,

⟨Page 5r⟩

⟨5r1⟩ , Amutər·, Aṅulaṅ aṇḍaḥ, Aṅulaṁ kbo, sapi, cel¿a?ṁ, Abasana, Alavay·, Aḍasara, Aṅuñjal·. vsi-vsi, piku-piku-

⟨5r2⟩ lan·, kalima bantal·, Abakul· vva-vvahan·, pucaṁ səR̥ḥ, ◯ bavaṁ, pipakan·, Aṅanām·, Amahaṁ, Añambul·, hīṅanya pataṁ

⟨5r3⟩ taraju, nāhan· Anugraha śr¡i! mahārāja, rakry¡a!n vatu kura, ◯ dyaḥ balituṁ, tinaḍaḥ rakry¡a!n· hujuṁ, pu maṅarak·, mvaṅ R̥ke ma-

⟨5r4⟩ ja vuntan·, Umiṅso⟨r·⟩ Irikanaṁ maśīma, saṁ mañjala, saṁ diha, saṁ dhipa, ¡pu ḍa! hyaṁ rupin·, I tan· knani śīmanya riṁ parabyāpāra, rovaṁ haji,

⟨Page 5v⟩

⟨5v1⟩ rakryān· hino pu dak¡ś!a, tka Amava śrī, rakry¡a!n· vuṅkal· tihaṁ pu bvalu, sirikan· pu variga, vka pu kutak·, pagər· vsi pu vīra, tiruAn saṁ śi-

⟨5v2⟩ vastu, kanuruhan· pu kalakar·, halaran· pu kiviṁ, palar hyaṁ pu ◯ puñjuṁ, dalinan· pu maṅuṅsir·, maṅhuri pu cakra, paṅkur· pu rañjan·,

⟨5v3⟩ tav¡a!n pu pañjalvan·, tirip· pu viṣṇu, saṁ mamvatt ujār· I hino, ◯ kaṇḍamuhi pu tuṅgaṁ, citralekha vuṅkal· varaṇi, pu manəsər·, paru-

⟨5v4⟩ jar= I halu, pu viṣaga, pu d¡a!modara, I sirikan·, hujuṁ galuḥ, pu Āyudha, citralekha dharmmasinta, pu viṣṇu, I vka viridiḥ ḍanu, citralekha ha-

⟨Page 6r⟩

⟨6r1⟩ laṁ manuk·, pu govinda I tiruAn·, sumuḍan· ḍa punta basura, parujar= I halaran·, saṁdhi manuk·, pu dharmma ⦾ tlasnika kabaiḥ, humaḍaṁ taṁ vahuta

⟨6r2⟩ patiḥ, vatək· vadihati, makudur·, mamaṁ manapathai, Amantiṅa◯kan· han·tlū, I vatu susuk·, manətək· guluniṁ hayām·, linaṇḍə-

⟨6r3⟩ sakan· I vatu kulumpaṁ, līṁnira ⦾ Īndaḥ sahananta devata hyaṁ ka◯baiḥ, p¡u!rbva, da(k)ṣiṇa, paścima, Uttara, Agnaiya, neriti, b¡a!yabya,

⟨6r4⟩ Airś¡a!nyā, riṁ maddhya, I sor·, I ruhur·, Athavā riṅ āk¡a!śa, riṁ lmaḥ, śaśi, sūryya, śoma, Aṅg¡a!ra, saṁ hyaṁ śūkṣma śakala ⦾ s¡a!kṣiniṁ manusuk· śīma,

⟨Page 6v⟩

⟨6v1⟩ , tumo Adoḥ ApaR̥̄, yāvat ikanaṅ ¡vaṁ! durācāra, Umulah-ulaḥ Ikanaṁ vatu kulumpaṁ, sinusuk· kinabehan·, saṁ vahuta hyaṁ, Akudur·, mvaṁ vadvā

⟨6v2⟩ rakry¡a!n·, patiḥ, vahuta, Anak banva kabaiḥ, kadi lvirnikanaṁ han·tlū◯ n təḍas·, R̥mək·, R̥muk·, tan· valuI, I lvirnya, hayām· tan· valuI

⟨6v3⟩ , I lvirnya, pəgāt· gulunya, jāḥ tasm¡a!t· kabvat-karmmāknanya, punaḥ bhraṣṭā ya ◯ , luvan· vkanya, rabinya, rāma-reṇanya, vvaṁ-s¡a!naknya, kadaṁnya, hatūr taṅgā-

⟨6v4⟩ nya, tan· təmvaṁ samaya kabeḥnya sahananya, hitipan i kavaḥ saṁ yāmā ◯ ya, muliha riṁ kanarakā ya, mantuka riṅ aveci bhumi saṁ yamaloka ya, mara ya

⟨Page 7r⟩

⟨7r1⟩ riṅ alas· sahutən iṅ ulā ya, pulukən iṁ moṁ tibā ya, marā ya riṁ tgal· paṅanəniṁ glap· tan pahudan·, mareṁ lvaḥ sahutəniṁ tu-

⟨7r2⟩ viran·, həL̥niṁ vuhaya, dudutnən saṁ hyaṁ dalamm er·, mareṁ ta◯sik· kaR̥mmā ya, kaL̥bvā ya, paṅanəni pəsut·, lumba-lumba,

⟨7r3⟩ sahutəniṅ ulā lampay·, nāhan· təmunikaṁṅ ⟨v⟩vaṁ, bari-bari, ◯ Avamāna, Umulah-ulaha Ikiṁ śīma ∥⦾∥⦾∥ śrī dharmmodaya

⟨7r4⟩ , rakry¡a!n· vatu kura, haji balituṁ, Umuṅgaḥ riṁ kaḍatvan· ∥⦾∥⦾∥⦾╫

⟨Page 7v⟩

Apparatus

⟨1v3⟩ maṅivyə: ⬦ maṅivhī B. ⟨1v4⟩ sālap·kna ⬦ pālap·kna B. ⟨1v5⟩ hyaṁ ⬦ dyaṁ B. ⟨3r1⟩ śr̥vaṇa ⬦ śravaṇa B. ⟨3r1⟩ vu⟦nt⟧niṁ ⬦ vuntīniṁ B. ⟨3r1⟩ jīvaṇī ⬦ jīvanī B. ⟨3r2⟩ L̥gīt· ⬦ ləgit· B. ⟨3r2⟩ ḍuṅu ⬦ duṅu B. ⟨3r2⟩ kulā ⬦ kula B. ⟨3r4⟩ saṁ japaṁ ⬦ saṁ javaṁ B. ⟨3r5⟩ pinakas¡a!⟨ā⟩kṣī ⬦ pinakasākṣī B. ⟨3v2⟩ tapīl· ⬦ tapəl· B. ⟨3v2⟩ ḍa pu pagəḥ ⬦ da pu pagəḥ B • The dental d is probably a misprint in Boechari. ⟨3v3⟩ hulu vv(ā)tan· ⬦ hulu vvatan· B. ⟨3v5⟩ I vr̥ṇnaṁ ⬦ 1 vr̥ṇnaṁ B. ⟨4r2⟩ tapīl· vīneḥ ⬦ tapəl· vineḥ B. ⟨4r2⟩ batvan· vineḥ mā 1 ⬦ batvan· vineḥ mā mā 1 B • The repetition of mā is probably a misprint in Boechari. ⟨4r3⟩ air gaṅgā ⬦ air gaṅga B. ⟨4r3⟩ tr̥b· vinaiḥ ⬦ tr̥b· minaiḥ B • Almost certainly a misprint in Boechari. ⟨4r4⟩ śāntī ⬦ śānti B. ⟨4r4⟩ R̥ke ⬦ rəka B. ⟨4r5⟩ dinulur sira ⬦ dinulu sira B. ⟨4r5⟩ maṅdona ⬦ maṅdorna B • Probably a misprint in Boechari. ⟨4r5⟩ pvaikaṁ ⬦ pva Ikaṁ B. ⟨4r5⟩ mataṁnyār panaḍahakənya ⬦ mataṁnya Arpanaḍahakənya B. ⟨4v3⟩ gandār· ⬦ gandar· B. ⟨4v4⟩ krāṅan· ⬦ krānan B. ⟨4v4⟩ taṇḍas· ⬦ tandas· B. ⟨4v5⟩ ś¡i!⟨ī⟩ma ⬦ śīma B. ⟨5r1⟩ Aṅuñjal· ⬦ Aṅuñja B. ⟨5r4⟩ parabyāpara ⬦ parabyāpāra B. ⟨5v1⟩ śivastu ⬦ savastu B. ⟨5v3⟩ manəsər· ⬦ manīsər· B • One could also read manīsīr· ⟨5v4⟩ dharmmasinta ⬦ dharmamatinta B. ⟨6r1⟩ saṁdhi manuk· ⬦ saṁ dhiṣanak B. ⟨6r2⟩ linaṇḍəsakan· ⬦ linandəsakan· B. ⟨6r3⟩ kulumpaṁ ⬦ kulumpaṅ· B. ⟨6r3⟩ īndaḥ ⬦ īndah· B. ⟨6r3⟩ bayabya ⬦ bayabaya B. ⟨6r4⟩ Athavā ākaśa, riṁ lmaḥ ⬦ Athavā lmaḥ B. ⟨6r4⟩ śūkṣma ⬦ śukṣma B. ⟨6v1⟩ ApaR̥̄ ⬦ ApaR̥ B. ⟨6v1⟩ Umulah-ulaḥ ⬦ Umulaḥ-ulaḥ B. ⟨6v1⟩ vadvā ⬦ madvā B. ⟨6v3⟩ lāvan· ⬦ luvan· B. ⟨6v3⟩ reṇanya ⬦ renanya B. ⟨6v3⟩ vvaṁ ⬦ mvaṁ B. ⟨6v4⟩ saṁ yāma ya ⬦ saṁ yāmā ya B. ⟨7r1⟩ paṅanən ⬦ pananən B. ⟨7r2⟩ dalamm er· ⬦ dalamm ər· B. ⟨7r2⟩ pəsut· ⬦ pəlut· B. ⟨7r4⟩ Umuṅgaḥ ⬦ Umungaḥ B • Probably a misprint in Boechari.

Bibliography

The inscription is apparently mentioned for the first time by Stutterheim in INI, where he simply lists it in a sequence of Balitung inscriptions with the designation “onbekend (Malang)” noting that it is “onuitgegeven” (1940: 13).

Read by Wayan Jarrah Sastrawan and Arlo Griffiths from OD and Groslier photos in July and December 2021.

Primary

[BJ] Barrett Jones, Antoinette M. 1984. Early tenth century Java from the inscriptions: A study of economic, social, and administrative conditions in the first quarter of the century. Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 107. Dordrecht: Foris. Pages 166–177, appendix 3.

[B] Boechari. 1985–1986. Prasasti koleksi Museum Nasional, Jilid I. Jakarta: Proyek Pengembangan Museum Nasional, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. [URL]. Pages 155–159, item E. 75.

Secondary

Stutterheim, Willem Frederik. 1940. “Oorkonde van Balitung uit 905 A.D. (Randoesari I).” INI, pp. 3–28. Page 13, item 10.

JBG 8 (1941). Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen: Jaarboek VIII — 1941. Bandoeng: Nix & Co., 1941. Pages 110, 123.1

Damais, Louis-Charles. 1952. “Études d’épigraphie indonésienne, III : Liste des principales inscriptions datées de l’Indonesie.” BEFEO 46 (1), pp. 1–105. DOI: 10.3406/befeo.1952.5158. [URL]. Pages 46–47, item A. 77.

Damais, Louis-Charles. 1955. “Études d’épigraphie indonésienne, IV : Discussion de la date des inscriptions.” BEFEO 47, pp. 7–290. DOI: 10.3406/befeo.1955.5406. [URL]. Page 45, item A. 77.

Notes

  1. 1. Boechari misleadingly reports this citation as JBG (1941–1947), which implies JBG 9 (1941–1947). The same mix-up is found in Boechari’s entry for Ayam Teas II.