Kinewu (829 Śaka – 907-11-20)

Editor: Wayan Jarrah Sastrawan.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSIDENKKinewu.

Language: Undetermined.

Repository: Nusantara Epigraphy (tfc-nusantara-epigraphy).

Version: (0daa6bf), last modified (f510d28).

Edition

BACK OF GAṆEŚA

⟨1⟩ || • || svasti (śa)kavarṣātīta 8(2)9 mā(r)gasiramāsa tithi dvāda⟨2⟩ śi śuklapakṣa ha va śu vāra bharaṇī-nakṣatra siddha-yoga yamade[vatā] ⟨3⟩ tatkālanikanaṁ rāma I kinvu vatak· raṇḍaman· Inanugrahān· de śrī mahā[rāja] ra⟨4⟩ kai vatu kura dyaḥ balituṁ śrī Iśvarakeśavasamarottuṅga mvaṁ rakryān mahāmantri śrī dakṣ(o)⟨5⟩ ttamava[jra]bāhupratipakṣakṣaya sambandhanyann inanugrahān· mūla savaḥ (kahad)yanan· kmi⟨6⟩ kakannikanaṁ rāma lamvit· 6 tampaḥ 3 kaṭik· 28 gavai 8 kunaṁ saṅkā ri durbbalanikanaṁ rā(ma) ⟨7⟩ I kinvu tan· vnaṁ Umi(ji)llakan drabya hajinikaṁ samaṅkana jarīya manamvaḥ I rakryānn i raṇḍaman· pu ⟨8⟩ vāma mamalaku maṁL̥(p)iha savaḥ tlas· vyayanya tumama mas· pagəḥ ka 3 su 1 ḍap· (da 2) ha⟨9⟩ ḍaṅan· 1 masnya su l maparaḥ I saṁ juru mas· su 2 kinabaihannira pjaḥ pva rakryānn i raṇḍaman lumāḥ I ⟨10⟩ tamblaṁ tapvan linapiḥ savaḥnikaṁ rāma jarīya maṅabarat· manamākan ya mas· ka 5 I śrī mahārāja mvaṁ ra⟨11⟩ kryān· mahāmantrī muAṁ rakryanta gaṅsal· vuṅkal tihaṁ vka sirikan· kaluṁ varak· tiru raṇu ḍumata⟨12⟩ ṅakan samvaḥnya samgat· momah-umaḥ I mamrata pūttara mvaṁ saṁ prataya I raṇḍaman· rake hamprun· ⟨13⟩ mvaṁ pu vata mvaṁ rovaṁ rakryān sañjiva saṁ pamilihan· mvaṁ saṁ dumba nāhan· kvaiḥnira ḍumataṅṅakan ṣamvaḥ rā⟨14⟩ manta I kinvu yāta sambandhanyann inanugrahān· masavaha lamvit· 6 kaṭik· 12 gavai (mā) 6 tatra ⟨15⟩ sākṣī saṁ paṅuraṁ Iṁ kabandharyyan· makabaihan rake maṇḍyāṅin· pu khaṭṭvāṅga saṁ prasan· saṁ ma[la]⟨16⟩ ñja[ṁ] saṁ kasugihan· saṁ roṅguy· ḍa punta vadya saṁ ra lva Iṁ kamanilan· kālīḥ saṁ nīla saṁ drampṛ⟨17⟩ s· parujar· I mam(r)ata saṁ turuhan· saṁ panagar· manurat· prasasti ḍa punta gara lek· ⟨18⟩ nāhan· kvaiḥnira sākṣī huvus· rāmanta Inanugrahan· muliḥ ta sira tkanira hinanākan ta ⟨19⟩ saṁ hadyan maṁhilirī kabaiḥ laki-laki vadvan vinaiḥ manaḍaha I maṁhilir(ī) tinaḍaḥnira haḍa⟨20⟩ ṅa(n)· prāṇa 2 masnya su 2 tlas· Inadaggakan ta saṁ hyaṁ təAs· tatra sākṣī vadiha⟨21⟩ ti saṁ kasugihan pu padma Akalamvī haji dyaḥ (ma)ṅgala ḍanuku I makudur·

BASE

(a) long side [n. 2292 left]

⟨1⟩ .................................................................. ⟨2⟩ X X X X X X lubak· .................................... ⟨3⟩ halira saṁ X saṁ X X X rāma ...................... ⟨4⟩ duṁ saṁ kintya I mga saṁ toḍi I vulakan· saṁ duduṁ I sumur samuṇḍya I X ⟨5⟩ X huḍa X huḍavas· dya tulaman· I lulamviran· punta sārthi I ⟨6⟩ hārar· saṁ ludhira I lucam· sabujaṁ rāma I kinvu sagañca hyasaka X

(b) short side [n. 2292 right]

⟨1⟩ .................................................................. ⟨2⟩ ...] saṁ yacuka⟦1⟧ sa⟦2⟧m· vinkas· saṁ ma⟨3⟩ lamvan· gusti saṁ kuḍyā varigga si _ _ k· paru⟨4⟩ jar· si kuṭak· Apkan· si catur· tuha buru si (ba-) ⟨5⟩ likuḥ rāmāratā saṁ kisa ḍapu talimvak· saṁ ⟨6⟩ liṇḍū saṁ (b)ikhyā rāma I kasumuran· saṁ jurvan· saṁ ⟨7⟩ rāmvu saṁ səntə saṁ (kha/ce)ṇḍa saṁ buvun· saṁ śuḍuṁ rāmāratā: MS&DK read rāma māratā, and this is perhaps what was intended. If tā is the correct reading, the shape of the vocalization is very unusual.

(c) long side [n. 2293 left]

⟨1⟩ .................................................................. ⟨2⟩ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X nugra[ha śrī] mahā(rā)ja mvaṁ ra[kryān·] ⟨3⟩ mahāmantrī pari X ki samma X kinvu tan katamānna deni patiḥ vahuta ṅuni ⟨4⟩ ( ) ⟨5⟩ ( ) ⟨6⟩ ( ) ⟨7⟩ ( ) ⟨8⟩ hulun· huṅā X X Ityevamādi sakveḥni maṅilala [dṛ]vya ha[ji]

(d) short side [n. 2293 right]

⟨1⟩ ( ) ⟨2⟩ ( ) ⟨3⟩ ( ) ⟨4⟩ ( ) ⟨5⟩ ( ) ⟨6⟩ X X mantrī ........................................... ⟨7⟩ X X X X X X X lakilaki X X ⟨8⟩ X X X X X X X n· saṁ hyaṁ prasāsti X X

Apparatus

⟨4⟩ rakryān • this word is omitted in OJO CIJ. ⟨5⟩ (kahad)yanan· ⬦ katajyanan· OJO CIK • The reading is difficult here, but my new reading is possible, and probably preferable in the light of the role of a hadyan in l. 19 below. Note that Cohen Stuart read kahā(?)dyana ... (KO). See also Wukajana I 1r4 savaḥ kahadyanan. ⟨5–6⟩ kmikakannikanaṁ ⬦ kmitakannikanaṁ OJO CIK • The form assumed by Brandes and Sarkar is not grammatically acceptable and probably a misreading. Emend kmitannikanaṁ. ⟨6⟩ kaṭik ⬦ kaḍik OJO CIK • The reading is clearly kaṭik, and this is the expected term. ⟨8⟩ maṁL̥(p)iha ⬦ maṁL̥(p)iha OJO CIK • Sarkar’s note ‘The better form is : °viha’ is misguided. The base must here be ləpih, as is proven by occurrence of linapiḥ in line 10. This was already observed by Boechari (2012: 302 n. 30). ⟨8⟩ ḍap· (da 2) • this sequence was left unread in OJO CIJ. The reading ḍap· seems relatively clear, but forms no (part of a) recognizable word. I have considered reading ḍa pāda 2, which with pāda would yield a recognizable word, but would leave the unmistakable ḍa stranded, and requires reading as pā an akṣara that quite clearly seems to be p·. Perhaps read ḍaṅ· ‘copper pot’? See OJED. ⟨9⟩ masnya ⬦ māsuya OJO CIK • Cf. māsya, recognized as error for māsnya, by Brandes in Groeneveldt 1887: 326 (note), for inscription on silver plate (MNI 1738). See masnya attested as such in E.8 and E.64. See also l. 20 below. ⟨9⟩ pva ⬦ OJO • omitted in CIJ. ⟨12⟩ samgat· momah-umaḥ I mamrata pūttara • OJO CIJ misread samgat momahumaḥ i pamrata puttara. Cf. Mantyasih A11 samgat momah-umaḥ mamrata pu uttara. See also Wanua Tengah III (2r14) and Sarkar p. 79 n. 57. ⟨12⟩ hamprun ⬦ hamparan OJO CIK • A toponym Hampran is attested in the Plumpungan inscription and in Mantyasih III, A.14. But the reading here is clearly hamprun. ⟨13⟩ vata mvaṁ rovaṁ ⬦ vatabvaṁ rovaṁ OJO CIK • For the combination mvaṅ rovaṅ, see Luītan l. 3: saṅ wahuta hyaṅ kudur muaṅ rowaṅ rakryān i pagarwsi; Rukam, II.6; Palepengan, l. 5 kinon maṅukura wadwā rakryān i hino saṅ brahmā muaṅ rowaṅ samgat priñ sakañcur. ⟨13⟩ sañjiva saṁ pamilihan • OJO CIJ misread pañji vasapamilihan. Perhaps understand sañjīvana saṁ pamilihan. Cf. Rukam, I.2: rakryān sañjīwana nini haji; see also Rukam, II.17, 21, and OV 1939, 21, about three talams inscribed with sañjīwana nini haji. ⟨14⟩ kaṭik ⬦ kadik OJO; kaḍik CIJ • Cf. the note on line 6. ⟨15⟩ khaṭ(ṭ)vāṅga • this name also occurs in Tihaṅ, l. 14. ⟨15-16⟩ ma[la]ñja[ṁ] ⬦ malañja OJO CIJ • The [la] is entirely unverifiable; if we assume that it was correctly read by Brandes, then we may have to suppose the presence of a final anusvāra and read malañjaṁ, a name attested in Kwak Ib, l. 5; Saṅsaṅ Ia, l. 8. ⟨16⟩ vadya • thus KO and Damais (1970); vadva OJO CIJ. ⟨16⟩ kālīḥ ⬦ kāliḥ OJO CIJ. ⟨17⟩ prasasti ḍa punta ⬦ prasasti ḍa punta KO; praṣasti saṁ ḍa punta OJO CIJ • There is no saṁ here. ⟨18⟩ kvaiḥnira ⬦ kveḥnira KO OJO CIJ. ⟨18⟩ inanugrahan KO ⬦ inanugrahān OJO CIJ. ⟨19⟩ maṁhilirī ... I maṁhilir(ī) ⬦ mahilirī ... i paṁhilirī OJO CIJ • The same word occurs in the Karangtengah inscription (Blitar). ⟨20⟩ masnya KO ⬦ masuya OJO CIJ • See note on l. 9 above. ⟨21⟩ saṁ • this word is omitted in OJO CIJ; in KO, we find sakai....n for saṁ kasugihan. ⟨21⟩ Akalamvī KO ⬦ akalambi OJO CIJ. ⟨21⟩ (ma)ṅgala • Damais 1970: 182 n. 5 proposes naṅgala and explicitly rejects nāṅgala, which would have been better supported by from the van Kinsbergen photo; but the latter as well as the estampage and inspection of the stone allow reading as I do here, replacing unknown names by a well-known one.

Bibliography

This inscription on a Gaṇeśa statue was not included in Edi Sedyawati 1995. Its date was discussed by Damais (1955: 48). The text on the base has been published only once, and very partially, in Machi Suhadi & Richadiana Kartakusuma, Berita Penelitian Arkeologi 47, 1996: 30-32, no. 2.4.8. Red indicates readings that cannot be verified from photos or estampage and remain doubtful even after direct inspection of the stone at Museum Penataran in Blitar (21/6/2014), when there was time only for a rapid inspection of the back of the Gaṇeśa, none for the base.

Primary

Cohen Stuart, A. B. and J. J. van Limburg Brouwer. 1872. “Beschreven steenen op Java.” TBG 18, pp. 89–117. Pages 109–117.

Machi Suhadi and Richadiana Kartakusuma. 1996. Laporan penelitian epigrafi di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Timur. Berita penelitian arkeologi 47. Jakarta: Proyek Penelitian Arkeologi Jakarta, Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Pages 30–32.

Secondary

NBG 1869. Notulen van de Algemeene en Bestuurs-vergaderingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen: Deel VII — 1869. Batavia: Bruining & Wijt, 1870. Page CVIII, page bijlage N.

No name. 1872. Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde uitgegeven door het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen: Deel XVIII, 1872. Zesde Serie 1. Batavia; 's Hage: Albrecht & Co.; M. Nijhoff. Pages 109–117.

NBG_1876

Brandes, Jan Laurens Andries. 1887. “Beschreven steenen.” In: Catalogus der archaeologische verzameling van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. By Willem Pieter Groeneveldt. Batavia: Albrecht & Co., pp. 351–391. Pages 358–359.

NBG 1891. Notulen van de Algemeene en Bestuurs-vergaderingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen: Deel XXIX — 1891. Batavia: Albrecht & Rusche, 1892. Page 5.

Verbeek, Rogier Diederik Marius. 1891. Oudheden van Java: Lijst der voornaamste overblijfselen uit den Hindoetijd op Java, met eene oudheidkundige kaart. Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen 46. Batavia; 's-Hage: Landsdrukkerij; Nijhoff. [URL]. Page 272, page no. 561.

NBG 1893. Notulen van de Algemeene en Bestuurs-vergaderingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen: Deel XXXI — 1893. Batavia: Albrecht & Rusche, 1894. Pages 120–121.

ROD1915

Damais, Louis-Charles. 1952. “Études d’épigraphie indonésienne, III: Liste des principales inscriptions datées de l’Indonesie.” BEFEO 46 (1), pp. 1–105. DOI: 10.3406/befeo.1952.5158. [URL]. Pages 50–511.

Boechari. 1976. Some considerations on the problem of the shift of Matarām's center of government from Central to East Java in the 10th century A. D. Bulletin of the Research Centre of Archaeology of Indonesia 10. Jakarta: Proyek Pelita Pembinaan Kepurbakalaan dan Peninggalan Nasional. Pages 1, 16.

Nurhadi Magetsari, A.S. Wibowo, Hasan Djafar, I Gusti Agung Ayu Ratnadi, Ayu Ratnadi, Siti Kusparyanti Budhiono, Sumarti Nurhadi and Ayatrohaedi. 1979. Kamus Arkeologi Indonesia 2. Jakarta: Proyek Penelitian Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Page 132.

Edi Sedyawati. 1985. “Pengarcaan Gaṇeśa masa Kaḍiri dan Sinhasari: Sebuah tinjauan sejarah kesenian.” Thesis, Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta.

No name. 1992. Laporan kegiatan penelitian arkeologi selama Pelita III. Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. [URL]. Page 131.