Kawali I (b)

Editor: Aditia Gunawan.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSIDENKKawali_1b.

Language: Old Sundanese.

Repository: Nusantara Epigraphy (tfc-nusantara-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-10-08 08:19 (9d06222), last modified 2024-07-20 13:58 (f510d28).

Edition

Logical
Physical
Full

I. Octosyllabic

⟨Face 1⟩ ⟨1⟩ hayuA ḍiponaḥ-p(o)⟨⟨naḥ⟩⟩

⟨Face 2⟩hayuA ḍicavuḥ-cavu(ḥ)

⟨Face 3⟩IA neker Iña Ager

⟨Face 4⟩Iña ni⟨ñ⟩cak· Iña R̥⟨m⟩pag·

Apparatus

⟨3⟩ IA N HD TSN ⬦ Iña RK • IA is presumbaly an equivalent of ya in Kebantenan. — ⟨3⟩ Ager N HD TSN ⬦ A¡g!⟨ṅg⟩er RK.

⟨4⟩ Iña R̥⟨m⟩pag· N HD TSN ⬦ IA R̥⟨m⟩pag· RK.

Translation by Noorduyn 1988

⟨1⟩ It should no be defied ⟨2⟩ it should be treated wantonly ⟨3⟩ anyone striking it will fall prone ⟨4⟩ anyone kicking it will fall to the ground

Commentary

Lateral faces (1 = top, 2 = right, 3 = bottom, 4 = left). We have accepted Noorduyn’s translation which seems perfectly adequate. See also his valuable comments on the translation (1988, p. 310). We would like to add about the occurrence of IA in line 3 that this word can be understood as iya or ya, and can stand as 3rd person pronoun (cf. Keba2.3 & 4 on ya standing for iña). It is interesting to note that the equivalent word iya appears passim in Amanat Galuṅguṅ, a text which originates from the eastern part of West Java, and may share dialectal features with the language of the Kawali inscriptions. See for example Amanat Galuṅguṅ 14: asiṅ iya nu mənaṅkə⟨n⟩ na kabuyutan na galuṅguṅ, iya sakti tapa, iya jaya praṅ “whoever is he who acquires the sanctuary of Galunggung, he will be powerful in asceticism, he will be victorious in battle”.

Bibliography

First read by Friederich (1855, pp. 175–177) and then by Pleyte (1911, p. 197) but their readings contained numerous mistakes so we exclude them from our apparatus. Our edition, like those of Hasan Djafar (19911991) and Titi Surti Nastiti (1996), follows that of Noorduyn (1976 and 1988, pp. 309–310), which we have found to be flawless by consulting our own photographs. Noorduyn was the first to observe that this text is in verse form. Richadiana Kartakusuma (2005, p. 49) has a different readings from her predecessors.

Primary

Friederich, Rudolf Hermann Theodor. 1855. “Ontcijfering der inscriptiën te Kawali, residentie Cheribon.” TBG 3, pp. 149–182. Pages 175–177.

Pleyte, Cornelis Marinus. 1911. “Het jaartal op den Batoe-toelis nabij Buitenzorg: eene bijdrage tot de kennis van het oude Soenda.” TBG 53, pp. 155–220. Page 97.

[N] Noorduyn, Jacobus. 1988. “Holle, van der Tuuk, and Old Sundanese epigraphy: The Cikajang and Kawali inscriptions.” BEFEO 77, pp. 303–314. DOI: 10.3406/befeo.1988.1747. [URL]. Pages 309–310.

[HD] Hasan Djafar. 1991. “Prasasti-prasasti dari masa kerajaan-kerajaan Sunda.” Bogor. Page 6.

[TSN] Titi Surti Nastiti. 1996. “Prasasti Kawali.” Jurnal Penelitian Balai Arkeologi Bandung 4, pp. 19–37. Pages 1–13.

[RK] Richadiana Kartakusuma. 2005. “Situs Kawali: ajaran Sunda dalam tradisi megalitik?” In: Islam dalam Kesenian Sunda dan kajian lainnya mengenai Budaya Sunda. Seri Sundalana 4. Bandung: Pusat Studi Sunda, pp. 42–54. Page 49.

Secondary

Raffles, Thomas Stamford. 1817. The history of Java. 1st ed. 2 vols. London: Printed for Black, Parbury and Allen, booksellers to the Hon. East-India Company, Leadenhall Street; and John Murray, Albemarle Street. Page 58.

NBG 1864. Notulen van de Algemeene en Bestuurs-vergaderingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen: Deel II — 1864. Batavia: Lange & Co., 1865. Volume 2, pages 186, 255.

NBG 1866. Notulen van de Algemeene en Bestuurs-vergaderingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen: Deel IV — 1866. Batavia: Lange & Co., 1867. Volume 4, page 118.

Pleyte, Cornelis Marinus. 1913. “De Patapaän Adjar soeka rĕsi, anders gezegd de kluizenarij op den Goenoeng Padang: tweede bijdrage tot de kennis van het oude Soenda.” TBG 55, pp. 281–428. Page 295.

No name. N.d. Rapporten van den Oudheidkundigen Dienst in Nederlandsch-Indië. Batavia: Albrecht & Co. Pages 95–96, item 291.

de Casparis, Johannes Gijsbertus. 1975. Indonesian palaeography: A history of writing in Indonesia from the beginnings to c. A.D. 1500. Handbuch der Orientalistik 3.4.1. Leiden: Brill. Pages 54–56.

Dirman Surachmat. 1986. “Kota Kawali: Kajian toponim.” In: Pertemuan Ilmiah Arkeologi IV, Cipanas, 3-9 Maret 1986. Vol. 2b: Aspek Sosial-Budaya. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional, pp. 103–112.

Nandang Rusnandar. 1999. “Prasasti Kawali VI.” Kawit (Bulletin Kebudayaan Jawa Barat) 52, pp. 85–95. [URL].

Machi Suhadi. 1999. Prasasti-prasasti Kawali dari Ciamis, Jawa Barat. Jakarta: Proyek Pengembangan Media Kebudayaan, Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.

Djadja Sukardja S. 2002. Astana Gede Kawali. 2nd edition. Ciamis: private publication.

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<p>Lateral faces (1 = top, 2 = right, 3 = bottom, 4 = left). We have accepted Noorduyn’s translation which seems perfectly adequate. See also his valuable comments on the translation (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Noorduyn1988_01"/><citedRange>310</citedRange></bibl>). We would like to add about the occurrence of <foreign>IA</foreign> in line 3 that this word can be understood as <foreign>iya</foreign> or <foreign>ya</foreign>, and can stand as 3rd person pronoun (cf. Keba2.3 & 4 on <foreign>ya</foreign> standing for <foreign>iña</foreign>). It is interesting to note that the equivalent word <foreign>iya</foreign> appears <foreign>passim</foreign> in <title>Amanat Galuṅguṅ</title>, a text which originates from the eastern part of West Java, and may share dialectal features with the language of the Kawali inscriptions. See for example <title>Amanat Galuṅguṅ</title> 14: <foreign>asiṅ iya nu mənaṅkə<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied> na kabuyutan na galuṅguṅ, iya sakti tapa, iya jaya praṅ</foreign> <q>whoever is he who acquires the sanctuary of Galunggung, he will be powerful in asceticism, he will be victorious in battle</q>.

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