Karang Lo (1019 Śaka)
Version: (b8a1af8), last modified (95db375).
Edition
⟨1⟩ ◯ | ◯ Iti sakāka-
⟨2⟩ lā saṁ hyaṁ maṇḍālā-
⟨3⟩ ṅaliḥ ¿kagetenan·?
⟨4⟩ * leṁ tuṅgal·
⟨5⟩ murttaniṁ vvaṁ ◯ | ◯
Apparatus
⟨3⟩ ¿kagetenan·? K ⬦ (kagetem·) B • The word is not susceptible to interpretation as it stands, despite Kromodjojo Adi Negoro’s attempt reflected in his translations sahestu / inderdaad. A drastic emendation is required. In Old Javanese literature, kategan/katyāgan and maṇḍala figure together in the same contexts. Hence we are inclined to propose the conjecture kategan, and it is this which underlies our translation.
Translation
Thus the chronogram of the holy community converting into a hermitage (kategan): “the cavity, one, is the disappearance of man” (i.e., 1019 Śaka).
Bibliography
Tentatively transcribed, without indication of line breaks, by Brandes (1888); edited properly, in Javanese script, by Kromodjojo Adi Negoro (1922). Re-edited here by Arlo Griffiths (2026) from available visual documentation.
Primary
[B] Brandes, Jan Laurens Andries. 1888. “Nota betreffende de verzameling abklatschen van steenopschriften door het eerelid Dr. R.D.M. Verbeek.” NBG 26 (Bijlage 2), pp. VII–XIX. Page XIX, item e.
[K] Kromodjojo Adi Negoro, R. A. A. 1922. Oud Javaansch alphabet. Modjokerto. [URL]. Pages 23–24.
Secondary
Knebel, J. 1909. “Beschrijving der Hindoe-oudheden in de afdeeling Mådjåkertå der Residentie Soerabaja 1907.” ROC 1907 (Bijlage 35), pp. 12–114. Page 78.
ROD 1915. “Inventaris der Hindoe-oudheden op den grondslag van Dr. R. D. M. Verbeek’s Oudheden van Java samengesteld op het Oudheidkundig Bureau — Tweede deel.” Rapporten van den Oudheidkundigen Dienst in Nederlandsch-Indië 1915 (1918), p. 375+XXIX. Pages 216–217, item 1730.
Andi Muhammad Said, Ahmad Kholif, Enik Yumastutik, Eva Nurma Setiya Damayanti, Yanti Muda Oktaviana, Afrita Endryanti, Didik Hermawan, Yudik Sukarno, Hadi Sidomulyo & Adhi Hendrana Jayawardhana. 2018. Katalog prasasti (benda bertulis) koleksi pengelolaan informasi Majapahit. Trowulan: Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya Jawa Timur. Page 79, entry 71.
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<lb n="1"/> <g ref="sym:circleFloret"/> <g ref="sym:bar" type="punctuation">.</g> <g ref="sym:circleFloret"/> Iti sakāka<lb n="2" break="no"/>lā saṁ hyaṁ maṇḍālā<lb n="3" break="no"/>ṅaliḥ <!--ka<choice><sic>geten</sic><corr>teg</corr></choice>an·--><sic>kagetenan·</sic>
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Brandes
Het opschrift van Karanglo is in relief-letters, die gewoonlijk veel moeite geven om ze te lezen. Het luidt || 0 || iti sakakala sang hyang maṇḍalangaliḥ kagelem || leng tunggal
murtta (?) ning wwang || 0 ||. De laatste woorden bevatten een jaartal in candrasengkala, waarvan de waarde naar waarschlijnlijkheid 1319 is, doch de lezing murtta is niet geheel zeker, evenmin als de beteekenis van dat woord.
GR 1901 murta : KW. zva. ilang, verdwenen Wk., BS. 29 (Skr. mûrta, geronnen, ook verdoofd).
KAN interprets as 1019, but that seems palaeographically implausible.
muurti (f. « ») : 3
Rice, MISRK ; Sircar, IE.
-->
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<div type="apparatus">
<!--
1-2. sakākalā: sakakala Brandes.
2-3. maṇḍālāṅaliḥ: maṇḍalaṅalih Brandes.
3. kagetenan· K
4. leṁ: leng Brandes.
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<!--<lem>ka<choice><sic>geten</sic><corr>teg</corr></choice>an·</lem>-->
<lem source="bib:KromodjojoAdiNegoro1922_02"><sic>kagetenan·</sic></lem>
<rdg source="bib:Brandes1888_02"><unclear>kagetem·</unclear></rdg>
<!--<rdg source="bib:KromodjojoAdiNegoro1922_02"><unclear>kagetenan·</unclear></rdg>-->
<note>The word is not susceptible to interpretation as it stands, despite Kromodjojo Adi Negoro's attempt reflected in his translations <p><foreign>sahestu</foreign> / <foreign>inderdaad</foreign></p>. A drastic emendation is required. In Old Javanese literature, <foreign>kategan/katyāgan</foreign> and <foreign>maṇḍala</foreign> figure together in the same contexts. Hence we are inclined to propose the conjecture <foreign>kategan</foreign>, and it is this which underlies our translation.</note>
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<div type="translation" resp="part:argr">
<p>Thus the chronogram of the holy community converting into a hermitage <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kategan</foreign></supplied>: <q>the cavity, one, is the disappearance of man</q> (i.e., 1019 Śaka).</p>
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<div type="commentary">
<p>Brandes supposed that the chronogram corresponds to 1319, which implies a value <q>3</q> for <foreign>murtta</foreign> (presumably Brandes imagined <foreign>murtta</foreign> to be an error for <foreign>mūrti</foreign>, as in <foreign>trimūrti</foreign>); assuming a value <q>0</q>, Kromodjojo Adi Negoro interpreted the chronogram as corresponding to 1019. The latter is implausible from a palaeographic point of view, but has solid support in usage as recorded in 19th-century literary Javanese usage (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Gericke+Roorda1901_01"/></bibl>, s.v. <foreign>murta</foreign>) and may be explained in connection both with Sanskrit <foreign>mr̥ta</foreign> <q>deceased</q> and with Old Javanese <foreign>mūr</foreign> <q>to disappear</q>. For this reason, we consider Kromodjojo Adi Negoro's interpretation to be correct, and infer that the text is a Majapahit-period commemmoration of an event of the late 11th century CE.</p>
<!--
Kromodjojo's list, p. 14
GR murta : KW. zva. ilang, verdwenen Wk., BS. 29 (Skr. mûrta, geronnen, ook verdoofd). Sumber: Javaansch-Nederlandsch Handwoordenboek, Gericke en Roorda, 1901, #918.
BS
29 awit sasaosanira, dhadhaharan sang sudewi, yen ing ratri asring murta, alapak kadi binukti, miwah kang sarwa sari, tanapi wowohanipun, tanәmanira sang dyah, kathah ingkang ical sami, keksi labәtira kangkәn pinәthikan.
400 rәng lairira, supe yen surәm sotyane, pasthi yayi mas angluh, lamun ical sotyaning murit, pasthi yayi mas seda, makatәn jәng ibu, ing nguni wәwәlingira, mәne sotyaning sәsra murta sumarmi, kawula kawiyogan.
-->
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<p>Tentatively transcribed, without indication of line breaks, by Brandes (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Brandes1888_02"/></bibl>); edited properly, in Javanese script, by Kromodjojo Adi Negoro (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:KromodjojoAdiNegoro1922_02"/></bibl>). Re-edited here by Arlo Griffiths (2026) from available visual documentation.</p>
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<bibl><ptr target="bib:AndiMuhammadSaid+al2018_01"/><citedRange unit="page">79</citedRange><citedRange unit="entry">71</citedRange></bibl>
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Commentary
Brandes supposed that the chronogram corresponds to 1319, which implies a value “3” for murtta (presumably Brandes imagined murtta to be an error for mūrti, as in trimūrti); assuming a value “0”, Kromodjojo Adi Negoro interpreted the chronogram as corresponding to 1019. The latter is implausible from a palaeographic point of view, but has solid support in usage as recorded in 19th-century literary Javanese usage (Gericke & Roorda 1901, s.v. murta) and may be explained in connection both with Sanskrit mr̥ta “deceased” and with Old Javanese mūr “to disappear”. For this reason, we consider Kromodjojo Adi Negoro’s interpretation to be correct, and infer that the text is a Majapahit-period commemmoration of an event of the late 11th century CE.