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15 <forename>Natasja</forename>
· <surname>Bosma</surname>
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20 <resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
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· <forename>Natasja</forename>
· <surname>Bosma</surname>
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30 <idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSDaksinaKosala00051</idno>
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· <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
· <p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported
· Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit
35 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to
· Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,
· California, 94041, USA.</p>
· <p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Natasja Bosma.</p>
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40 </availability>
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· <div type="textpart" n="A"><head xml:lang="eng">Seal</head>
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· <l n="ab">rājña<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> śrīharṣaguptasya sūno<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> sadguṇaśālina<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>
· <l n="cd">śāsanaṁ śivaguptasya sthitam ā bhuvanasthite<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>
90 </lg></div>
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· <l n="c">Etad <supplied reason="omitted">d</supplied>vaya<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> parikal<choice><sic>ai</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>yya calāñ ca lakṣmī<lb n="2v5" break="no"/>m</l>
· <l n="d">āyus tathā kuruta yad bhavatām abh<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ṣṭa<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied></l></lg>
· <ab><choice><sic>Ā</sic><corr>A</corr></choice>pi ca</ab>
100 <lg n="2" met="anuṣṭubh">
· <l n="ab">rakṣāpālana<lb n="2v6" break="no"/>yos tāvat phalaṁ sugatidurggat<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice></l>
· <l n="cd">ko nāma svarggam u<choice><orig>cchri</orig><reg>tsṛ</reg></choice>jya narakaṁ <lb n="2v7"/>pratipadyate<g type="ddandaHooked"/></l></lg>
· <p>vyāsag<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>tā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied>ś cāt<surplus>t</surplus>ra ślokān udāharanti</p>
· <lg n="3" met="indravajrā">
105 <l n="a"><choice><sic>Ā</sic><corr>A</corr></choice>gner apatyaṁ <pb n="3r"/><lb n="3r1"/>prathama<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> suvarṇṇaṁ</l>
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· <l n="c">dattā<supplied reason="omitted">s</supplied> trayas tena <lb n="3r2"/>bhavanti lokā</l>
· <l n="d">ya<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> kāñcana<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> gāñ ca mah<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ñ ca dadyāT<g type="dandaPlain"/></l></lg>
· <lg n="4" met="anuṣṭubh">
110 <l n="ab">ṣaṣṭivarṣasa<lb n="3r3" break="no"/>hasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmida<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>
· <l n="cd">Ācchet<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>ā cānumantā ca tāny eva na<lb n="3r4" break="no"/>rake vase<supplied reason="omitted">T</supplied></l></lg>
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· <l n="ab"><space type="binding-hole"/>bahubhir vvasudhā dattā rājabhi<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> sagarādibhi<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>
· <l n="cd">yasya yasya <lb n="3r5"/>yadā bhūmis tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ</l></lg>
115 <lg n="6" met="anuṣṭubh">
· <l n="ab">svadat<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>āṁ paradattām vā yatnā<lb n="3r6" break="no"/>d rakṣa<surplus>ḥ</surplus> yudhi<supplied reason="omitted">ṣṭhi</supplied>ra</l>
· <l n="cd">mah<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice><supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> mah<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>matā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> śreṣṭha<surplus>ḥ</surplus> dānā<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied> śreyo 'nupālana<choice><orig>m</orig><reg>M</reg></choice></l></lg>
· <ab><choice><orig>i</orig><reg>I</reg></choice>ti<g type="ddandaHooked"/></ab></div></div>
· <div type="apparatus">
120 <div type="textpart" n="A">
· <head xml:lang="eng">Seal</head>
· </div>
· <div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>
· <listApp>
125 <app loc="1v1">
· <lem>°kṣit<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice><choice><orig>ṣ</orig><reg>ś</reg></choice>a°</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">°kṣit<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>śa°</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="1v2">
130 <lem>°vijig<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ṣu°</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">°vijigīṣu°</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="1v4">
· <lem>śṛ<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>°</lem>
135 <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">śṛī°</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="1v5">
· <lem>śṛ<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>°</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">śṛī°</rdg>
140 </app>
· <app loc="1v6">
· <lem>°s<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>mā°</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">°sīmā°</rdg>
· </app>
145 <app loc="2r4">
· <lem>°p<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ḍā°</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">°pīḍā°</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="2r5">
150 <lem>°gottrāya</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">°gotrāya</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="2v2">
· <lem>ud<supplied reason="omitted">d</supplied>iśyedam</lem>
155 <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">udiṣyedam</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="2v4">
· <lem>parikal<choice><sic>ai</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>yya</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">parikal<choice><sic>ai</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>yya</rdg>
160 </app>
· <app loc="3r1">
· <lem>prathama<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied></lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">prathamam</rdg>
· </app>
165 <app loc="3r1">
· <lem>vvaiṣṇav<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice></lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">vaiṣṇavī</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="3r2">
170 <lem>dadyāT</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">dadyā<supplied reason="omitted">T</supplied></rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="3r5">
· <lem>phalaṁ</lem>
175 <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">phala</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="3r5">
· <lem>svadat<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>āṁ</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Jain+al2005_01">svadat<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>ā</rdg>
180 </app>
· </listApp>
· </div>
· </div>
· <div type="translation" resp="part:nabo">
185 <div type="textpart" n="A"><head xml:lang="eng">Seal</head>
· <p>The charter of Śivagupta, son of the illustrious king Harṣagupta, who is possessed of good qualities, endures as long as the existence of the world</p></div>
· <div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>
· <p n="1v1-2r2">Success! Hail! The illustrious and great king Śivagupta who has been born in the Lunar Dynasty as the son of a king, the illustrious Harṣadeva, like Kārttikeya is of Kṛttivāsas <supplied reason="explanation">i.e., Śiva</supplied>; who is entirely devoted to Maheśvara; who is favoured by his father and mother; and who is in good health: He has acquired all the qualities of a conqueror through the perfection of praiseworthy discipline, effected in particular by implementing all the "political sciences"; he is a refuge for the virtuous; and his great prosperity has been brought about by his superior valour, intelligence, and strength! After having saluted the Brahmins in the village of Corapadraka situated in the Rohāsīmā <foreign>bhoga</foreign>, <supplied reason="subaudible">the king</supplied> issues <supplied reason="subaudible">the following command</supplied> to all royal officers, beginning with the collector and the receiver; to those who are temporarily posted <supplied reason="subaudible">in the village</supplied>, and to the other inhabitants <supplied reason="subaudible">of that village</supplied> with their headman:</p>
· <p n="2r2-2r7">Let it be known to you that by means of <supplied reason="subaudible">this</supplied> copperplate charter and preceded by a libation of water, this village has been granted by us for the increase of religious merit of father, mother, and ourselves, to <foreign>bhaṭṭa</foreign> Jejjaṭa belonging to the Kauthuma <supplied reason="subaudible">branch</supplied> and the Chāndoga <supplied reason="explanation">Sāmaveda</supplied> of the lineage of Kauśika and coming originally from Kanyakubja. <supplied reason="subaudible">The grant</supplied>, which is meant to be enjoyed as long as the moon and the sun will endure, comes along with <supplied reason="subaudible">the right to</supplied> hidden treasures and deposits; the exemption from being entered by irregular or regular troops; <supplied reason="subaudible">the right to collect</supplied> all taxes <supplied reason="subaudible">payable to the king</supplied>; the exemption from all kinds of unpaid labour; and <supplied reason="subaudible">the right to</supplied> punish and realise fines for the ten offences.</p>
190 <p n="2r7-2v2">Knowing this, <supplied reason="subaudible">you</supplied> should be obedient <supplied reason="subaudible">to the received orders</supplied> and render the proper <supplied reason="subaudible">shares of</supplied> periodical offerings and produce to the donee, while living happily <supplied reason="subaudible">in this village</supplied>. And this is said for the instruction of the future kings:</p>
· <p n="2v2-2v5" rend="stanza"><supplied reason="subaudible">Kings</supplied> who donate land sport in heaven, <supplied reason="subaudible">but</supplied> look, kings who have taken land fall into hell for their wickedness. After having taken to heart these two rules and taken hold of Lakṣmī, you should live you life as you wish!</p>
· <ab n="2v5">And also:</ab>
· <p n="2v5-2v7" rend="stanza">Fortune and misfortune are truly the fruit of protecting and not protecting <supplied reason="subaudible">the land</supplied>; who then discards heaven and resorts to hell?</p>
· <p n="2v7">And in this respect they quote the <supplied reason="subaudible">following</supplied> stanzas sung by Vyāsa:</p>
195 <p n="2v7-3r2" rend="stanza">Gold is the first child of Agni, land is born of Viṣṇu, and cows are the offspring of Sūrya: <supplied reason="subaudible">Therefore</supplied>, whoever would give gold, a cow, and land would give the three worlds</p>
· <p n="3r2-3r4" rend="stanza">A giver of land rejoices in heaven for sixty thousand years; he who confiscates it or allows <supplied reason="subaudible">another to confiscate it</supplied> will dwell for the same period in hell!</p>
· <p n="3r4-3r5" rend="stanza">The earth has been granted by many kings, beginning with Sagara; whoever possesses the land at any time, to him belong the fruits at that time!</p>
· <p n="3r5-3r6" rend="stanza">O Yudhiṣṭhira, zealously protect the land which was given by yourself or by others! O best of kings, protection is superior to giving!</p></div></div>
· <div type="commentary">
200 <p>Despite being a complete set of three copperplates, the content of this charter is unfinished: The text ends abruptly after the exhortatory verses, which means that there is no concluding section with a date in regnal years.</p></div>
· <div type="bibliography">
· <p>First edited by Jain <foreign>et al.</foreign> <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Jain+al2005_01"/><citedRange>196-217</citedRange></bibl> from the original plates; published again by Bosma <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Bosma2013_01"/></bibl>; re-edited here by Natasja Bosma from the original plates (edition of the seal based on Jain).</p>
· <listBibl type="primary">
· <bibl n="NB">
205 <ptr target="bib:Bosma2013_01"/>
· </bibl>
· <bibl n="BJ">
· <ptr target="bib:Jain+al2005_01"/>
· <citedRange>196-217</citedRange>
210 </bibl>
· </listBibl>
· <listBibl type="secondary">
· <bibl>
· <ptr target="bib:Bosma2018_01"/>
215 <citedRange>82, 259</citedRange>
· </bibl>
· <bibl>
· <ptr target="bib:Shastri1992_03"/>
· </bibl>
220 <bibl>
· <ptr target="bib:Shastri1995_02"/>
· <citedRange>196-217</citedRange>
· </bibl>
· </listBibl>
225 </div>
· </body>
· </text>
·</TEI>
Commentary
Despite being a complete set of three copperplates, the content of this charter is unfinished: The text ends abruptly after the exhortatory verses, which means that there is no concluding section with a date in regnal years.