Sirpur Plates of Śivagupta, Year 19

Editor: Natasja Bosma.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSDaksinaKosala00035.

Language: Sanskrit.

Repository: Dakṣiṇa Kosala (tfb-daksinakosala-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-05-31 13:36 (048a990), last modified 2024-05-18 01:10 (f94ae3a).

Edition

Logical
Physical
Full

Seal

I. Anuṣṭubh

rājña⟨ḥ⟩ śrīharṣaguptasya sūno⟨ḥ⟩ sadguṇaśālina⟨ḥ⟩

śāsanaṁ śivaguptasya sthitam ā bhuvanasthite⟨ḥ⟩

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1v1⟩ @ svasty aśeṣakṣit¿i?⟨ī⟩¡ṣ!⟨ś⟩avidyābhyāsaviśeṣāsāditamahan¿i?⟨ī⟩yavina⟨1v2⟩yasa{ṁ}mpatsa⟨ṁ⟩pāditasakalavijig¿i?⟨ī⟩ṣuguṇo guṇavatsamāśraya⟨ḥ⟩ prakṛ⟨1v3⟩ṣṭataraśauryyaprajñāprabhāvasambhāvitamahābhyudaya⟨ḥ⟩ kārttikeya ⟨1v4⟩ Iva kṛt⟨t⟩ivāsaso rājñaḥ śr¿i?⟨ī⟩harṣadevasya s¿u?⟨ū⟩nu⟨ḥ⟩ somava¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩śasa⟨1v5⟩mbhava⟨ḥ⟩ paramamāheśvaro mātāpitṛpādānudhyāta⟨ḥ⟩ śr¿i?⟨ī⟩mahāśivagupta⟨1v6⟩rāja⟨ḥ⟩ kuśalī| bṛhaccharkkarāmārgg¿i?⟨ī⟩yavaidyapalāśapadrake| brāhmaṇā⟨ṁ⟩ saṁ⟨1v7⟩p¿u?⟨ū⟩jya sapradhānā¡t!⟨n⟩ prativāsino yathākālādhyāsinas samāharttṛsannidhā⟨Page 2r⟩⟨2r1⟩tṛpramukhān anyā¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩ś cāsmatpādopaj¿i?⟨ī⟩vinas sarvvarājapuruṣā⟨n⟩ samājñāpa⟨2r2⟩yati| viditam astu bhavatāṁ yathāsm¿a?⟨ā⟩bhir ayaṁ grāma⟨ḥ⟩ sanidhiḥ sopanidhis sada⟨2r3⟩śāparādhas sarvvakarādānasametaḥ sarvvap¿i?⟨ī⟩ḍāvarjjitaḥ pratiṣiddhac{c}āṭabhaṭa⟨2r4⟩praveśaḥ śrībhavaguptarājadevavijñaptyā śrīpuratalavāsta¡b!⟨v⟩yataittiri⟨2r5⟩yabhāradvājasagottrā¡s!⟨bh⟩yāṁ bhaṭṭabhavadevajanārdanā¡s!⟨bh⟩yāṁ sahodarabhrātṛ¡s!⟨bh⟩yāṁ ⟨2r6⟩ cait{t}rapaurṇṇamāsyāṁ somagrahoparāge| Udakapūrvvaṁ mātāpittror ātmanaś ca pu⟨2r7⟩ṇyābhi¡b!⟨v⟩ṛddhaye tām{b}raśāsanenācāndrārkkasamakālopabhogārtha⟨ṁ⟩ pratipādita⟨Page 2v⟩ ⟨2v1⟩ Ity

avagatyānayo vidheyatay¿a?⟨ā⟩ samucitaṁ bhogabhāgādikam ¿ū?⟨u⟩panayadbhiḥ ⟨2v2⟩ bhavadbhiḥ sukha⟨ṁ⟩ prativasta¡b!⟨v⟩yam iti|| bhāvinaś ca bhūmipālān ud⟨d⟩iśyedam abhi⟨2v3⟩dh(ī)yate

I. Vasantatilakā

bhūmipradā divi l{l}ala{ṁ}nti pata{ṁ}nti ha{ṁ}nta

hṛtvā mah¿ā?⟨ī⟩ṁ nṛpatayo narake nṛ⟨2v4⟩śa¡ṇg!⟨ṁs⟩āT

Etad ⟨d⟩vayaṁ parikalayya calāñ ca lakṣmīm

āyus tathā k¿ū?⟨u⟩ruta ⟨2v5⟩ yad bhavatām abh¿i?⟨ī⟩ṣṭaṁ

Api ca

II. Anuṣṭubh

rakṣāpālanayos tāvat phalaṁ sugatidurggatī

ko nā⟨2v6⟩ma svarggam u¡cchra!⟨tsṛ⟩jya narakaṁ pratipadyate||

¡b!⟨v⟩yāsagītāṁś cāt{t}ra ślokān udāhara{ṁ}nti

III. Indravajrā

⟨2v7⟩ A¡j!⟨g⟩ner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ

bhūr vvaiṣṇav¿i?⟨ī⟩ sūryyasutāś ca gāvaḥ

dattā⟨s⟩ tra⟨Page 3r⟩⟨3r1⟩yas tena bhava{ṁ}nti lokā

yaḥ kāñcanaṁ gāñ ca mahīñ ca dadyāT

IV. Anuṣṭubh

ṣa⟨3r2⟩ṣṭivarṣasahasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmidaḥ

Ācchettā cānumantā ca tā⟨3r3⟩(ny e)va narake vaseT

V. Anuṣṭubh

bahubhir vasudhā dattā rājabhiḥ sagarādibhiḥ

⟨3r4⟩ yasya yasya yadā bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ

VI. Anuṣṭubh

svadattāṁ para⟨3r5⟩dattām ¡b!⟨v⟩ā yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira

mahī⟨ṁ⟩ mah¿i?⟨ī⟩matāṁ śreṣṭha dānā⟨t⟩ śreyo ’nupā⟨3r6⟩lana¡m!⟨M⟩

¡i!⟨I⟩ti|

śrīmahāśivaguptarājadevasya pravarddhamānavijayarājye sa⟨3r7⟩m¡b!⟨v⟩atsare Ekonavi¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩śatime caitradin¿a?⟨e⟩ tri¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩śatime Aṅkenāpi sam¡b!⟨v⟩a⟨t⟩ (19) caitra dina rla

Seal

rājña⟨ḥ⟩ śrīharṣaguptasya sūno⟨ḥ⟩ sadguṇaśālina⟨ḥ⟩ śāsanaṁ śivaguptasya sthitam ā bhuvanasthite⟨ḥ⟩

Plates⟨Page 1r⟩ 
⟨Page 1v⟩ 
⟨1v1⟩ @ svasty aśeṣakṣit¿i?⟨ī⟩¡ṣ!⟨ś⟩avidyābhyāsaviśeṣāsāditamahan¿i?⟨ī⟩yavina-
⟨1v2⟩ yasa{ṁ}mpatsa⟨ṁ⟩pāditasakalavijig¿i?⟨ī⟩ṣuguṇo guṇavatsamāśraya⟨ḥ⟩ prakṛ-
⟨1v3⟩ ṣṭataraśauryyaprajñāprabhāvasambhāvitamahābhyudaya⟨ḥ⟩ kārttikeya
⟨1v4⟩ Iva kṛ◯t⟨t⟩ivāsaso rājñaḥ śr¿i?⟨ī⟩harṣadevasya s¿u?⟨ū⟩nu⟨ḥ⟩ somava¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩śasa-
⟨1v5⟩ mbhava⟨ḥ⟩ paramamāheśvaro mātāpitṛpādānudhyāta⟨ḥ⟩ śr¿i?⟨ī⟩mahāśivagupta-
⟨1v6⟩ rāja⟨ḥ⟩ kuśalī| bṛhaccharkkarāmārgg¿i?⟨ī⟩yavaidyapalāśapadrake| brāhmaṇā⟨ṁ⟩ saṁ-
⟨1v7⟩ p¿u?⟨ū⟩jya sapradhānā¡t!⟨n⟩ prativāsino yathākālādhyāsinas samāharttṛsannidhā-
⟨Page 2r⟩ 
⟨2r1⟩ tṛpramukhān anyā¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩ś cāsmatpādopaj¿i?⟨ī⟩vinas sarvvarājapuruṣā⟨n⟩ samājñāpa-
⟨2r2⟩ yati| viditam astu bhavatāṁ yathāsm¿a?⟨ā⟩bhir ayaṁ grāma⟨ḥ⟩ sanidhiḥ sopanidhis sada-
⟨2r3⟩ śāparādhas sarvvakarādānasametaḥ sarvvap¿i?⟨ī⟩ḍāvarjjitaḥ pratiṣiddhac{c}āṭabhaṭa-
⟨2r4⟩ praveśaḥ ◯śrībhavaguptarājadevavijñaptyā śrīpuratalavāsta¡b!⟨v⟩yataittiri-
⟨2r5⟩ yabhāradvājasagottrā¡s!⟨bh⟩yāṁ bhaṭṭabhavadevajanārdanā¡s!⟨bh⟩yāṁ sahodarabhrātṛ¡s!⟨bh⟩yāṁ
⟨2r6⟩ cait{t}rapaurṇṇamāsyāṁ somagrahoparāge| Udakapūrvvaṁ mātāpittror ātmanaś ca pu-
⟨2r7⟩ ṇyābhi¡b!⟨v⟩ṛddhaye tām{b}raśāsanenācāndrārkkasamakālopabhogārtha⟨ṁ⟩ pratipādita
⟨Page 2v⟩ 
⟨2v1⟩ Ity avagatyānayo vidheyatay¿a?⟨ā⟩ samucitaṁ bhogabhāgādikam ¿ū?⟨u⟩panayadbhiḥ
⟨2v2⟩ bhavadbhiḥ sukha⟨ṁ⟩ prativasta¡b!⟨v⟩yam iti|| bhāvinaś ca bhūmipālān ud⟨d⟩iśyedam abhi-
⟨2v3⟩ dh(ī)yate  bhūmipradā divi l{l}ala{ṁ}nti pata{ṁ}nti ha{ṁ}nta hṛtvā mah¿ā?⟨ī⟩ṁ nṛpatayo narake nṛ-
⟨2v4⟩ śa¡ṇg!⟨ṁs⟩āT ◯Etad ⟨d⟩vayaṁ parikalayya calāñ ca lakṣmīm āyus tathā k¿ū?⟨u⟩ruta 
⟨2v5⟩ yad bhavatām abh¿i?⟨ī⟩ṣṭaṁ Api ca  rakṣāpālanayos tāvat phalaṁ sugatidurggatī ko nā-
⟨2v6⟩ ma svarggam u¡cchra!⟨tsṛ⟩jya narakaṁ pratipadyate|| ¡b!⟨v⟩yāsagītāṁś cāt{t}ra ślokān udāhara{ṁ}nti  
⟨2v7⟩ A¡j!⟨g⟩ner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ bhūr vvaiṣṇav¿i?⟨ī⟩ sūryyasutāś ca gāvaḥ dattā⟨s⟩ tra-
⟨Page 3r⟩ 
⟨3r1⟩ yas tena bhava{ṁ}nti lokā yaḥ kāñcanaṁ gāñ ca mahīñ ca dadyāT  ṣa-
⟨3r2⟩ ṣṭivarṣasahasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmidaḥ Ācchettā cānumantā ca tā-
⟨3r3⟩ (ny e)va narake vaseT  bahubhir vasudhā dattā rājabhiḥ sagarādibhiḥ 
⟨3r4⟩ yasya ◯yasya yadā bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ  svadattāṁ para-
⟨3r5⟩ dattām ¡b!⟨v⟩ā yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira mahī⟨ṁ⟩ mah¿i?⟨ī⟩matāṁ śreṣṭha dānā⟨t⟩ śreyo ’nupā-
⟨3r6⟩ lana¡m!⟨M⟩ ¡i!⟨I⟩ti| śrīmahāśivaguptarājadevasya pravarddhamānavijayarājye sa-
⟨3r7⟩ m¡b!⟨v⟩atsare Ekonavi¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩śatime caitradin¿a?⟨e⟩ tri¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩śatime Aṅkenāpi sam¡b!⟨v⟩a⟨t⟩ (19) caitra dina rla

Seal

I. Anuṣṭubh

rājña⟨ḥ⟩ śrīharṣaguptasya sūno⟨ḥ⟩ sadguṇaśālina⟨ḥ⟩

śāsanaṁ śivaguptasya sthitam ā bhuvanasthite⟨ḥ⟩

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1v1⟩ @ svasty aśeṣakṣit¿i?⟨ī⟩¡ṣ!⟨ś⟩avidyābhyāsaviśeṣāsāditamahan¿i?⟨ī⟩yavina⟨1v2⟩yasa{ṁ}mpatsa⟨ṁ⟩pāditasakalavijig¿i?⟨ī⟩ṣuguṇo guṇavatsamāśraya⟨ḥ⟩ prakṛ⟨1v3⟩ṣṭataraśauryyaprajñāprabhāvasambhāvitamahābhyudaya⟨ḥ⟩ kārttikeya ⟨1v4⟩ Iva kṛ◯t⟨t⟩ivāsaso rājñaḥ śr¿i?⟨ī⟩harṣadevasya s¿u?⟨ū⟩nu⟨ḥ⟩ somava¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩śasa⟨1v5⟩mbhava⟨ḥ⟩ paramamāheśvaro mātāpitṛpādānudhyāta⟨ḥ⟩ śr¿i?⟨ī⟩mahāśivagupta⟨1v6⟩rāja⟨ḥ⟩ kuśalī| bṛhaccharkkarāmārgg¿i?⟨ī⟩yavaidyapalāśapadrake| brāhmaṇā⟨ṁ⟩ saṁ⟨1v7⟩p¿u?⟨ū⟩jya sapradhānā¡t!⟨n⟩ prativāsino yathākālādhyāsinas samāharttṛsannidhā⟨Page 2r⟩⟨2r1⟩tṛpramukhān anyā¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩ś cāsmatpādopaj¿i?⟨ī⟩vinas sarvvarājapuruṣā⟨n⟩ samājñāpa⟨2r2⟩yati| viditam astu bhavatāṁ yathāsm¿a?⟨ā⟩bhir ayaṁ grāma⟨ḥ⟩ sanidhiḥ sopanidhis sada⟨2r3⟩śāparādhas sarvvakarādānasametaḥ sarvvap¿i?⟨ī⟩ḍāvarjjitaḥ pratiṣiddhac{c}āṭabhaṭa⟨2r4⟩praveśaḥ ◯śrībhavaguptarājadevavijñaptyā śrīpuratalavāsta¡b!⟨v⟩yataittiri⟨2r5⟩yabhāradvājasagottrā¡s!⟨bh⟩yāṁ bhaṭṭabhavadevajanārdanā¡s!⟨bh⟩yāṁ sahodarabhrātṛ¡s!⟨bh⟩yāṁ ⟨2r6⟩ cait{t}rapaurṇṇamāsyāṁ somagrahoparāge| Udakapūrvvaṁ mātāpittror ātmanaś ca pu⟨2r7⟩ṇyābhi¡b!⟨v⟩ṛddhaye tām{b}raśāsanenācāndrārkkasamakālopabhogārtha⟨ṁ⟩ pratipādita⟨Page 2v⟩ ⟨2v1⟩ Ity

I. Vasantatilakā

bhūmipradā divi l{l}ala{ṁ}nti pata{ṁ}nti ha{ṁ}nta

hṛtvā mah¿ā?⟨ī⟩ṁ nṛpatayo narake nṛ⟨2v4⟩śa¡ṇg!⟨ṁs⟩āT

◯Etad ⟨d⟩vayaṁ parikalayya calāñ ca lakṣmīm

āyus tathā k¿ū?⟨u⟩ruta ⟨2v5⟩ yad bhavatām abh¿i?⟨ī⟩ṣṭaṁ

Api ca

II. Anuṣṭubh

rakṣāpālanayos tāvat phalaṁ sugatidurggatī

ko nā⟨2v6⟩ma svarggam u¡cchra!⟨tsṛ⟩jya narakaṁ pratipadyate||

¡b!⟨v⟩yāsagītāṁś cāt{t}ra ślokān udāhara{ṁ}nti

III. Indravajrā

⟨2v7⟩ A¡j!⟨g⟩ner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ

bhūr vvaiṣṇav¿i?⟨ī⟩ sūryyasutāś ca gāvaḥ

dattā⟨s⟩ tra⟨Page 3r⟩⟨3r1⟩yas tena bhava{ṁ}nti lokā

yaḥ kāñcanaṁ gāñ ca mahīñ ca dadyāT

IV. Anuṣṭubh

ṣa⟨3r2⟩ṣṭivarṣasahasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmidaḥ

Ācchettā cānumantā ca tā⟨3r3⟩(ny e)va narake vaseT

V. Anuṣṭubh

bahubhir vasudhā dattā rājabhiḥ sagarādibhiḥ

⟨3r4⟩ yasya ◯yasya yadā bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ

VI. Anuṣṭubh

svadattāṁ para⟨3r5⟩dattām ¡b!⟨v⟩ā yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira

mahī⟨ṁ⟩ mah¿i?⟨ī⟩matāṁ śreṣṭha dānā⟨t⟩ śreyo ’nupā⟨3r6⟩lana¡m!⟨M⟩

¡i!⟨I⟩ti|

Apparatus

Seal

Plates

⟨1v4⟩ śr¿i?⟨ī⟩° ⬦ śrī° PKS. — ⟨1v4⟩ s¿u?⟨ū⟩nu⟨ḥ⟩ ⬦ sūn¿ū?⟨u⟩⟨ḥ⟩ PKS.

⟨1v5⟩ śr¿i?⟨ī⟩° ⬦ śrī° PKS.

⟨1v6⟩ bṛhaccharkkarāmārgg¿i?⟨ī⟩ya° ⬦ buhaccharkkarāmārggāya° PKS.

⟨2r1⟩ °pramukhān ⬦ °prakukhān PKS. — ⟨2r1⟩ °opaj¿i?⟨ī⟩vinas ⬦ °opajīvinas PKS.

⟨2r2⟩ sanidhiḥ ⬦ s¿ā?⟨a⟩nidhiḥ PKS.

⟨2r3⟩ sarvva° ⬦ sarva° PKS.

⟨2r5⟩ °sagottrāsyāṁ ⬦ °sagotrāsyāṁ PKS.

⟨2r6⟩ cait{t}ra° ⬦ caitra° PKS. — ⟨2r6⟩ Udakapūrvvaṁ ⬦ Udakapūrvva PKS. — ⟨2r6⟩ °pittror ⬦ °pitror PKS. — ⟨2r6⟩ pu⟨2r7⟩ṇyā° ⬦ p¿ū?⟨u⟩⟨2r7⟩ṇyā° PKS.

⟨2v2⟩ bhavadbhiḥ ⬦ ¡t!⟨bh⟩avadbhiḥ PKS. — ⟨2v2⟩ sukha⟨ṁ⟩ ⬦ ¡sūcā!⟨sukhaṁ⟩ PKS.

⟨2v4⟩ parikalayya ⬦ parikalasya PKS.

⟨2v6⟩ cāt{t}ra ⬦ cātra PKS.

⟨2v7⟩ suvarṇṇaṁ ⬦ suvarṇṇa PKS. — ⟨2v7⟩ sūryyasutāś ⬦ sūrūryasutāś PKS.

⟨3r2⟩ tā⟨3r3⟩(ny e)va ⬦ tā⟨3r3⟩nśrayeva PKS.

⟨3r7⟩ triṅśatime Aṅkenāpi ⬦ triṅśati Āḍakenāpi PKS.

Translation by Natasja Bosma

Seal

The charter of Śivagupta, son of the illustrious king Harṣagupta, who is possessed of good qualities, endures as long as the existence of the world

Plates

(1v1–2r2) Success! Hail! The illustrious and great king Śivagupta who has been born in the Lunar Dynasty as the son of a king, the illustrious Harṣadeva, like Kārttikeya is of Kṛttivāsas (i.e., Śiva); who is entirely devoted to Maheśvara; who is favoured by his father and mother; and who is in good health: He has acquired all the qualities of a conqueror through the perfection of praiseworthy discipline, effected in particular by implementing all the "political sciences"; he is a refuge for the virtuous; and his great prosperity has been brought about by his superior valour, intelligence, and strength! After having saluted the Brahmins in the village of Vaidyapalāśapadraka situated in the Bṛhat-Śarkkarā mārga, [the king] issues [the following command] to all royal officers who are dedicated to our service and other [local council], headed by the collector and the receiver; to those who are temporarily posted [in the village], and to the residents [of the village] with their headman:

(2r2–2v1) Let it be known to you that by means of [this] copperplate charter and preceded by a libation of water, this village has been granted by us for the increase of religious merit of father, mother, and ourselves, to the brothers bhaṭṭa Bhavadeva and bhaṭṭa Janārdana, inhabitants of the plains of Śrīpura and belonging to the Bhāradvāja gotra and to the Taittirīya [school] (Yajurveda). [The grant of the village], which is meant to be enjoyed as long as the moon and the sun will endure, [took place] on the occasion of a lunar eclipse on the day of the full moon in the month of Caitra [and] was requested by the illustrious rājadeva Bhavagupta. [The grant] comes along with [the right to] hidden treasures and deposits; [the right to] punish and realise fines for the ten offences; [the right to collect] all taxes [payable to the king]; the exemption from all kinds of unpaid labour; and the exemption from being entered by irregular or regular troops.

(2v1–2v3) Having taken note of that, you should render the proper prescribed [shares of] periodical offerings, produce, and the like to these two [donees], while living happily [in this village]. And this is said for the instruction of the future kings:

2v3–2v5

[Kings] who donate land sport in heaven, [but] look, kings who have taken land fall into hell for their wickedness. After having taken to heart these two rules and taken hold of Lakṣmī, you should live you life as you wish!

And also:

2v5–2v6

Fortune and misfortune are truly the fruit of protecting and not protecting [the land]; who then discards heaven and resorts to hell?

(2v6) And in this respect they quote the [following] stanzas sung by Vyāsa:

2v7–3r1

Gold is the first child of Agni, land is born of Viṣṇu, and cows are the offspring of Sūrya: [Therefore], whoever would give gold, a cow, and land would give the three worlds

3r1–3r3

A giver of land rejoices in heaven for sixty thousand years; he who confiscates it or allows [another to confiscate it] will dwell for the same period in hell!

3r3–3r4

The earth has been granted by many kings, beginning with Sagara; whoever possesses the land at any time, to him belong the fruits at that time!

3r4–3r6

O Yudhiṣṭhira, zealously protect the land which was given by yourself or by others! O best of kings, protection is superior to giving!

(3r6–3r7) [The copperplate charter has been engraved] on day thirty of the month of Caitra, in the nineteenth year of the increasingly victorious reign of the illustrious and great rājadeva Śivagupta. In numbers: Year 19, [Month] Caitra, Day Thirty.

Commentary

Bibliography

First edited by Singh 2009 from the original plates; re-edited here by Natasja Bosma based on the published photographs (edition of the seal based on Singh).

Primary

[PKS] Singh, Prabhat Kumar. 2009. “Sirpur copper-plates of Pāṇḍuvaṁśi rulers.” PM 5, pp. 11–27. Pages 21–24.

Secondary

Bosma, Natasja. 2018. Dakṣiṇa Kosala: A rich centre of early Śaivism. Groningen: Barkhuis. [URL]. Pages 250–251.

Display Options Word Wrap Line Numbers Comments Processing Instructions

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_SQF.sch" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<title>Sirpur Plates of Śivagupta, Year 19</title>

<resp>EpiDoc Encoding</resp>

<forename>Natasja</forename>

<surname>Bosma</surname>

</persName>

</respStmt>

<resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>

<forename>Natasja</forename>

<surname>Bosma</surname>

</persName>

</respStmt>

</titleStmt>

<authority>DHARMA</authority>

<pubPlace>Berlin</pubPlace>

<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSDaksinaKosala00035</idno>

<p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported

Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to

Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,

California, 94041, USA.</p>

</licence>

</availability>

</publicationStmt>

<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>

<idno/>

</msIdentifier>

</msContents>

<p/>

</handDesc>

</physDesc>

</msDesc>

</sourceDesc>

</fileDesc>

<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)

under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant

agreement no 809994).</p>

</projectDesc>

<p>Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named

ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.</p>

</prefixDef>

<p>Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the

<ref>DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml</ref> file.</p>

</prefixDef>

</listPrefixDef>

</encodingDesc>

<change who="part:nabo" when="2020-08-11" status="draft">Adding translation</change>

<change who="part:nabo" when="2020-07-23" status="draft">Adding text and translation</change>

<change who="part:nabo" when="2020-07-13" status="draft">Initial encoding of the file</change>

</revisionDesc>

</teiHeader>

<body>

<l n="ab">rājña<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> śrīharṣaguptasya sūno<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> sadguṇaśālina<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>

<l n="cd">śāsanaṁ śivaguptasya sthitam ā bhuvanasthite<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>

</lg></div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<p><pb n="1v"/><lb n="1v1"/><g type="spiralR"/> svasty aśeṣakṣit<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice><choice><orig>ṣ</orig><reg>ś</reg></choice>avidyābhyāsaviśeṣāsāditamahan<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>yavina<lb n="1v2" break="no"/>yasa<surplus>ṁ</surplus>mpatsa<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied>pāditasakalavijig<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ṣuguṇo guṇavatsamāśraya<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> prakṛ<lb n="1v3" break="no"/>ṣṭataraśauryyaprajñāprabhāvasambhāvitamahābhyudaya<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> kārttikeya<lb n="1v4"/>Iva kṛ<space type="binding-hole"/>t<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>ivāsaso rājñaḥ śr<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>harṣadevasya s<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>nu<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> somava<choice><orig>ṅ</orig><reg>ṁ</reg></choice>śasa<lb n="1v5" break="no"/>mbhava<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> paramamāheśvaro mātāpitṛpādānudhyāta<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> śr<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>mahāśivagupta<lb n="1v6" break="no"/>rāja<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> kuśalī<g type="dandaHooked"/> bṛhaccharkkarāmārgg<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>yavaidyapalāśapadrake<g type="dandaHooked"/> brāhmaṇā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> saṁ<lb n="1v7" break="no"/>p<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>jya sapradhānā<choice><orig>t</orig><reg>n</reg></choice> prativāsino yathākālādhyāsinas samāharttṛsannidhā<pb n="2r" break="no"/><lb n="2r1" break="no"/>tṛpramukhān anyā<choice><orig>ṅ</orig><reg>ṁ</reg></choice>ś cāsmatpādopaj<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>vinas sarvvarājapuruṣā<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied> samājñāpa<lb n="2r2" break="no"/>yati<g type="dandaHooked"/> viditam astu bhavatāṁ yathāsm<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>bhir ayaṁ grāma<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> sanidhiḥ sopanidhis sada<lb n="2r3" break="no"/>śāparādhas sarvvakarādānasametaḥ sarvvap<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ḍāvarjjitaḥ pratiṣiddhac<surplus>c</surplus>āṭabhaṭa<lb n="2r4" break="no"/>praveśaḥ <space type="binding-hole"/>śrībhavaguptarājadevavijñaptyā śrīpuratalavāsta<choice><orig>b</orig><reg>v</reg></choice>yataittiri<lb n="2r5" break="no"/>yabhāradvājasagottrā<choice><orig>s</orig><reg>bh</reg></choice>yāṁ bhaṭṭabhavadevajanārdanā<choice><orig>s</orig><reg>bh</reg></choice>yāṁ sahodarabhrātṛ<choice><orig>s</orig><reg>bh</reg></choice>yāṁ<lb n="2r6"/>cait<surplus>t</surplus>rapaurṇṇamāsyāṁ somagrahoparāge<g type="dandaPlain"/> Udakapūrvvaṁ mātāpittror ātmanaś ca pu<lb n="2r7" break="no"/>ṇyābhi<choice><orig>b</orig><reg>v</reg></choice>ṛddhaye tām<surplus>b</surplus>raśāsanenācāndrārkkasamakālopabhogārtha<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> pratipādita<pb n="2v"/><lb n="2v1"/>Ity</p> <p>avagatyānayo vidheyatay<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice> samucitaṁ bhogabhāgādikam <choice><sic>ū</sic><corr>u</corr></choice>panayadbhiḥ<lb n="2v2"/>bhavadbhiḥ sukha<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> prativasta<choice><orig>b</orig><reg>v</reg></choice>yam iti<g type="ddandaHooked"/> bhāvinaś ca bhūmipālān ud<supplied reason="omitted">d</supplied>iśyedam abhi<lb n="2v3" break="no"/>dh<unclear>ī</unclear>yate</p>

<l n="a">bhūmipradā divi l<surplus>l</surplus>ala<surplus>ṁ</surplus>nti pata<surplus>ṁ</surplus>nti ha<surplus>ṁ</surplus>nta</l>

<l n="b">hṛtvā mah<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ṁ nṛpatayo narake nṛ<lb n="2v4" break="no"/>śa<choice><orig>ṇg</orig><reg>ṁs</reg></choice>āT</l>

<l n="c"><space type="binding-hole"/>Etad <supplied reason="omitted">d</supplied>vayaṁ parikalayya calāñ ca lakṣmīm</l>

<l n="d">āyus tathā k<choice><sic>ū</sic><corr>u</corr></choice>ruta <lb n="2v5"/>yad bhavatām abh<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ṣṭaṁ</l></lg>

<l n="ab">rakṣāpālanayos tāvat phalaṁ sugatidurggatī</l>

<l n="cd">ko nā<lb n="2v6" break="no"/>ma svarggam u<choice><orig>cchra</orig><reg>tsṛ</reg></choice>jya narakaṁ pratipadyate<g type="ddandaHooked"/></l></lg>

<p><choice><orig>b</orig><reg>v</reg></choice>yāsagītāṁś cāt<surplus>t</surplus>ra ślokān udāhara<surplus>ṁ</surplus>nti</p>

<l n="a"><lb n="2v7"/>A<choice><orig>j</orig><reg>g</reg></choice>ner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ</l>

<l n="b">bhūr vvaiṣṇav<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice> sūryyasutāś ca gāvaḥ</l>

<l n="c">dattā<supplied reason="omitted">s</supplied> tra<pb n="3r" break="no"/><lb n="3r1" break="no"/>yas tena bhava<surplus>ṁ</surplus>nti lokā</l>

<l n="d">yaḥ kāñcanaṁ gāñ ca mahīñ ca dadyāT</l></lg>

<l n="ab">ṣa<lb n="3r2" break="no"/>ṣṭivarṣasahasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmidaḥ</l>

<l n="cd">Ācchettā cānumantā ca tā<lb n="3r3" break="no"/><unclear>ny e</unclear>va narake vaseT</l></lg>

<l n="ab">bahubhir vasudhā dattā rājabhiḥ sagarādibhiḥ</l>

<l n="cd"><lb n="3r4"/>yasya <space type="binding-hole"/>yasya yadā bhūmi<supplied reason="omitted">s</supplied> tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ</l></lg>

<l n="ab">svadattāṁ para<lb n="3r5" break="no"/>dattām <choice><orig>b</orig><reg>v</reg></choice>ā yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira</l>

<l n="cd">mahī<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> mah<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>matāṁ śreṣṭha dānā<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied> śreyo 'nupā<lb n="3r6" break="no"/>lana<choice><orig>m</orig><reg>M</reg></choice></l></lg>

<p>śrīmahāśivaguptarājadevasya pravarddhamānavijayarājye sa<lb n="3r7" break="no"/>m<choice><orig>b</orig><reg>v</reg></choice>atsare Ekonavi<choice><orig>ṅ</orig><reg>ṁ</reg></choice>śatime caitradin<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>e</corr></choice> tri<choice><orig>ṅ</orig><reg>ṁ</reg></choice>śatime Aṅkenāpi sam<choice><orig>b</orig><reg>v</reg></choice>a<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied> <num value="19"><unclear>19</unclear></num> caitra dina <num value="30">rla</num></p></div></div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

</app>

</app>

</app>

<lem>bṛhaccharkkarāmārgg<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ya°</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">buhaccharkkarāmārggāya°</rdg>

</app>

<lem>°pramukhān</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">°prakukhān</rdg>

</app>

<lem>°opaj<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>vinas</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">°opajīvinas</rdg>

</app>

<lem>sanidhiḥ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">s<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>nidhiḥ</rdg>

</app>

<lem>sarvva°</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">sarva°</rdg>

</app>

<lem>°sagottrāsyāṁ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">°sagotrāsyāṁ</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">caitra°</rdg>

</app>

<lem>Udakapūrvvaṁ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">Udakapūrvva</rdg>

</app>

<lem>°pittror</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">°pitror</rdg>

</app>

</app>

<lem>bhavadbhiḥ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01"><choice><orig>t</orig><reg>bh</reg></choice>avadbhiḥ</rdg>

</app>

<lem>sukha<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01"><choice><orig>sūcā</orig><reg>sukhaṁ</reg></choice></rdg>

</app>

<lem>parikalayya</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">parikalasya</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">cātra</rdg>

</app>

<lem>suvarṇṇaṁ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">suvarṇṇa</rdg>

</app>

<lem>sūryyasutāś</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">sūrūryasutāś</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">tā<lb n="3r3" break="no"/>nśrayeva</rdg>

</app>

<lem>triṅśatime Aṅkenāpi</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Singh2009_01">triṅśati Āḍakenāpi</rdg>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

<p>The charter of Śivagupta, son of the illustrious king Harṣagupta, who is possessed of good qualities, endures as long as the existence of the world</p></div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<p n="1v1-2r2">Success! Hail! The illustrious and great king Śivagupta who has been born in the Lunar Dynasty as the son of a king, the illustrious Harṣadeva, like Kārttikeya is of Kṛttivāsas <supplied reason="explanation">i.e., Śiva</supplied>; who is entirely devoted to Maheśvara; who is favoured by his father and mother; and who is in good health: He has acquired all the qualities of a conqueror through the perfection of praiseworthy discipline, effected in particular by implementing all the "political sciences"; he is a refuge for the virtuous; and his great prosperity has been brought about by his superior valour, intelligence, and strength! After having saluted the Brahmins in the village of Vaidyapalāśapadraka situated in the Bṛhat-Śarkkarā <foreign>mārga</foreign>, <supplied reason="subaudible">the king</supplied> issues <supplied reason="subaudible">the following command</supplied> to all royal officers who are dedicated to our service and other <supplied reason="subaudible">local council</supplied>, headed by the collector and the receiver; to those who are temporarily posted <supplied reason="subaudible">in the village</supplied>, and to the residents <supplied reason="subaudible">of the village</supplied> with their headman:</p>

<p n="2r2-2v1">Let it be known to you that by means of <supplied reason="subaudible">this</supplied> copperplate charter and preceded by a libation of water, this village has been granted by us for the increase of religious merit of father, mother, and ourselves, to the brothers <foreign>bhaṭṭa</foreign> Bhavadeva and <foreign>bhaṭṭa</foreign> Janārdana, inhabitants of the plains of Śrīpura and belonging to the Bhāradvāja <foreign>gotra</foreign> and to the Taittirīya <supplied reason="subaudible">school</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation">Yajurveda</supplied>. <supplied reason="subaudible">The grant of the village</supplied>, which is meant to be enjoyed as long as the moon and the sun will endure, <supplied reason="subaudible">took place</supplied> on the occasion of a lunar eclipse on the day of the full moon in the month of Caitra <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> was requested by the illustrious <foreign>rājadeva</foreign> Bhavagupta. <supplied reason="subaudible">The grant</supplied> comes along with <supplied reason="subaudible">the right to</supplied> hidden treasures and deposits; <supplied reason="subaudible">the right to</supplied> punish and realise fines for the ten offences; <supplied reason="subaudible">the right to collect</supplied> all taxes <supplied reason="subaudible">payable to the king</supplied>; the exemption from all kinds of unpaid labour; and the exemption from being entered by irregular or regular troops.</p>

<p n="2v1-2v3">Having taken note of that, you should render the proper prescribed <supplied reason="subaudible">shares of</supplied> periodical offerings, produce, and the like to these two <supplied reason="subaudible">donees</supplied>, while living happily <supplied reason="subaudible">in this village</supplied>. And this is said for the instruction of the future kings:</p>

<p n="2v3-2v5" rend="stanza"><supplied reason="subaudible">Kings</supplied> who donate land sport in heaven, <supplied reason="subaudible">but</supplied> look, kings who have taken land fall into hell for their wickedness. After having taken to heart these two rules and taken hold of Lakṣmī, you should live you life as you wish!</p>

<p n="2v5-2v6" rend="stanza">Fortune and misfortune are truly the fruit of protecting and not protecting <supplied reason="subaudible">the land</supplied>; who then discards heaven and resorts to hell?</p>

<p n="2v6">And in this respect they quote the <supplied reason="subaudible">following</supplied> stanzas sung by Vyāsa:</p>

<p n="2v7-3r1" rend="stanza">Gold is the first child of Agni, land is born of Viṣṇu, and cows are the offspring of Sūrya: <supplied reason="subaudible">Therefore</supplied>, whoever would give gold, a cow, and land would give the three worlds</p>

<p n="3r1-3r3" rend="stanza">A giver of land rejoices in heaven for sixty thousand years; he who confiscates it or allows <supplied reason="subaudible">another to confiscate it</supplied> will dwell for the same period in hell!</p>

<p n="3r3-3r4" rend="stanza">The earth has been granted by many kings, beginning with Sagara; whoever possesses the land at any time, to him belong the fruits at that time!</p>

<p n="3r4-3r6" rend="stanza">O Yudhiṣṭhira, zealously protect the land which was given by yourself or by others! O best of kings, protection is superior to giving!</p>

<p n="3r6-3r7"><supplied reason="subaudible">The copperplate charter has been engraved</supplied> on day thirty of the month of Caitra, in the nineteenth year of the increasingly victorious reign of the illustrious and great <foreign>rājadeva</foreign> Śivagupta. In numbers: Year 19, <supplied reason="subaudible">Month</supplied> Caitra, Day Thirty.</p></div></div>

</div>

<p>First edited by Singh <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Singh2009_01"/></bibl> from the original plates; re-edited here by Natasja Bosma based on the published photographs (edition of the seal based on Singh).</p>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>