Malgā Plates of Indrabala, Year 11

Editor: Natasja Bosma.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSDaksinaKosala00018.

Language: Sanskrit.

Repository: Dakṣiṇa Kosala (tfb-daksinakosala-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-05-31 13:36 (048a990), last modified 2024-05-18 13:12 (d59dd56).

Edition

Logical
Physical
Full

Seal

śr¡ī-I!⟨ī⟩ndrarājaḥ

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1v1⟩ @ svasti

I. Śārdūlavikrīḍita

ās¿i?⟨ī⟩d indrasamaḥ kṣitaukṣit¿a?⟨i⟩pati⟨ḥ⟩ śaktyā k{t}riyābhir guṇai-

r u⟨1v2⟩tphullāmalacāru¡v!⟨b⟩im¡v!⟨b⟩avadanā ya⟨ṁ⟩ śrī⟨ḥ⟩ sadā sevate,

yo devadvijasādhupa⟨1v3⟩ṇḍitajanasyā⟨⟨dhā⟩⟩rabhūto¡ha vā!⟨bhavat⟩

siddhādhyāsitahematuṅgaśikharaḥ śail¿ai?⟨e⟩ndrarāj¿ā?⟨o⟩ yathā

II. Sragdharā

⟨1v4⟩ jāta⟨s ta⟩syātmaj¿ā?⟨o⟩ ’pi prakaṭa¡gha!⟨ga⟩jaghaṭ¿a?⟨ā⟩ghaṭṭana{ḥ}ś cārumūrtti-

⟨r⟩ nitya⟨ṁ⟩ dātābhimā⟨1v5⟩nī raṇacapalapa(ṭu)¡ḥ!⟨r⟩ bhrāntaparyanta(kī)rti⟨ḥ⟩

nirjit¡v!⟨y⟩ārātipakṣa¡ḥ!⟨ṁ⟩ prasabham apah¿i?⟨ṛ⟩⟨1v6⟩t¿o?⟨ā⟩ ye¡c!⟨n⟩a lakṣmī viśālā

sa śrīmā⟨n⟩ śrīniketaḥ pratimatisuciraḥ Indra⟨1v7⟩rāj¿ā?⟨o⟩ narendraḥ

maṇḍakāt para⟨ma⟩māheśvar¿ā?⟨o⟩ mātāpitṛpādānudhyātaḥ śrī⟨Page 2r⟩⟨2r1⟩sām¿ā?⟨a⟩nta-Indrarājaḥ {c}cheṇḍaparaṅgaviṣayaprati¡vaddhaḥ!⟨baddhe⟩ Ākāśarāṣṭre gula⟨2r2⟩grāmake~ sā⟦lekhyā⟧⟨⟨lagrāmā⟩⟩mantamarake ⟦buḍayyake⟧ grāmak¿u?⟨ū⟩ṭadroṇāg¡ī!⟨ra⟩ka⟨2r3⟩gaṇḍak¿ā?⟨a⟩nāyakadevavārik¿a?⟨ā⟩⟨n⟩ sarvvā¡m!⟨n⟩ eva pramukhā⟨n⟩ yathā prativāsina¡ṁ!⟨ḥ⟩ samājñā⟨2r4⟩payati

viditam astu bhavatā⟨ṁ⟩ yathāsmābhir aya⟨ṁ⟩ grāma⟨ḥ⟩ sodraṅgaḥ s¿a?⟨o⟩parikaraḥ⟨2r5⟩Acāṭabhaṭapraveś¡ī!⟨aḥ⟩ sanidhiḥ sopanidhi{ḥ}ś coradaṇḍa¡yalitaḥ!⟨varjitaḥ⟩ catuḥ¡ś!⟨s⟩ī⟨2r6⟩mādhānaparyanta Ācandr¿a?⟨ā⟩rkakṣititārakānirodh¡ena!⟨aṁ⟩ mātāpitror ātmanaś ca pu¡n!⟨ṇ⟩yā⟨2r7⟩bhivṛddhaye, ś¿a?⟨ā⟩ṇḍilyagotravājasaneyamā{d}dhyandinanāgasvāmipu¡v!⟨tr⟩a⟨Page 2v⟩⟨2v1⟩bhavasvāmin¡asya!⟨e⟩ pratipādit¡e!⟨a I⟩ty

avagamya~ yathocitabhogam upana⟨2v2⟩yantaḥ Ājñāśravanavidheyair bhūtvā sukhaṁ prativ¿ā?⟨a⟩stavyam iti svayam ā⟨2v3⟩jñāpanā~ ye cāsmadva¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩śe sam¿ū?⟨u⟩tpadyante rājāna{ḥ}s tair ap¡anīya!⟨īyaṁ⟩ dattir anu⟨2v4⟩pālanīyā¡t!⟨n⟩umodanīyā ca, yaś cem¿o?⟨āṁ⟩ datti⟨ṁ⟩ vilopam āpādayiṣyati sa⟨2v5⟩pañcabhir mahāpātakaiḥ saha saṁyukta¡ṁ!⟨ḥ⟩ sy¿a?⟨ā⟩T

III. Anuṣṭubh

⟨ba⟩hubhir vasudhā bhūtvā raj¿a?⟨ā⟩ne ⟨2v6⟩ sagarā¡j!⟨d⟩ibhi⟨ḥ⟩

yasya yasya yadā bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ,

IV. Anuṣṭubh

ṣaṣṭi⟨2v7⟩var{i}ṣasahasrāṇi svarge modati bhūmidaḥ

Ā⟨c⟩chettā cānumantā ⟨Page 3r⟩ ⟨3r1⟩ ca {t}tāny eva na⟨⟨ra⟩⟩ke vaseT

V. Anuṣṭubh

svadattāṁ paradattām vā yo haret¿i?⟨a⟩ vasundharā⟨ṁ⟩

kapilāśataghā⟨3r2⟩tīnām enasā pratipadyate

VI. Anuṣṭubh

khilabhugnā tu yā bh¿u?⟨ū⟩mi⟨r⟩ yā ca bhuktā daśāpar¿e?⟨ā⟩

śata⟨ṁ⟩ yā⟨3r3⟩(va)¡n!⟨t⟩ tu yā bhuktā na rājā ha¡n!⟨r⟩tum ar{a}hati

VII. Anuṣṭubh

Āsphoṭayanti pitara⟨ḥ⟩ pravalgant¿a?⟨i⟩ pitāmahā⟨ḥ⟩

⟨3r4⟩ tvam ekosm¿i?⟨a⟩tkule jā¡tā!⟨taḥ⟩ sa ¡mattrā!⟨nas trātā⟩ bhaviṣyati

VIII. Anuṣṭubh

prāpsyase vipulā⟨n⟩ bhogā⟨n⟩ pūrvvadatt¿e?⟨a⟩sya tat pha⟨3r5⟩laṁ

punar dehīti dānā¡bhi!⟨d dhi⟩ punar bhogī bhaviṣyasi

IX. Anuṣṭubh

Iha lokakṛtaṁ karma tat pa⟨ra⟩ttrop¿i?⟨a⟩⟨3r6⟩bhujyat¿i?⟨e⟩,

talasiktasya vṛkṣasya phalaṁ śākhāsu dṛśy¿i?⟨a⟩t¿i?⟨e⟩,

likhitañ ca rājapu¡ttā!⟨tra⟩deve⟨na⟩ ⟨3r7⟩ Utkīrṇa⟨ṁ⟩ suvarṇak¿a?⟨ā⟩r¡a-Is!⟨eś⟩varaputre⟨⟨ṇa⟩⟩ droṇākena samāptañ c¿a?⟨e⟩da⟨ṁ⟩ śāsana⟨ṁ⟩ jy¿a?⟨ā⟩ṣṭapra⟨⟨tha⟩⟩⟨Page 3v⟩⟨3v1⟩mapakṣa U{ra}ttarabhādrapad¿a?⟨e⟩, Aṅgār¿ā?⟨a⟩vār¿a?⟨e⟩ {d}divasa Ekādaś¿a?⟨e⟩, prava⟨r⟩ddhamāna⟨3v2⟩vijayarājyasamvat¡p!⟨s⟩araḥ 11

Seal

śr¡ī-I!⟨ī⟩ndrarājaḥ

Plates⟨Page 1r⟩ 
⟨Page 1v⟩ 
⟨1v1⟩ @ svasti  ās¿i?⟨ī⟩d indrasamaḥ kṣitaukṣit¿a?⟨i⟩pati⟨ḥ⟩ śaktyā k{t}riyābhir guṇai- r u-
⟨1v2⟩ tphullāmalacāru¡v!⟨b⟩im¡v!⟨b⟩avadanā ya⟨ṁ⟩ śrī⟨ḥ⟩ sadā sevate, yo devadvijasādhupa-
⟨1v3⟩ ṇḍitajanasyā⟨⟨dhā⟩⟩rabhūto¡ha vā!⟨bhavat⟩ siddhādhyāsitahematuṅgaśikharaḥ śail¿ai?⟨e⟩ndrarāj¿ā?⟨o⟩ yathā  
⟨1v4⟩ jāta⟨s ta⟩syātmaj¿ā?⟨o⟩ ’pi prakaṭa¡gha!⟨ga⟩jaghaṭ¿a?⟨ā⟩ghaṭṭana{ḥ}ś cārumūrtti- ⟨r⟩ nitya⟨ṁ⟩ dātābhimā-
⟨1v5⟩ nī raṇacapalapa(ṭu)¡ḥ!⟨r⟩ bhrāntaparyanta(kī)rti⟨ḥ⟩ nirjit¡v!⟨y⟩ārātipakṣa¡ḥ!⟨ṁ⟩ prasabham apah¿i?⟨ṛ⟩-
⟨1v6⟩ t¿o?⟨ā⟩ ye¡c!⟨n⟩a lakṣmī viśālā sa śrīmā⟨n⟩ ◯śrīniketaḥ pratimatisuciraḥ Indra-
⟨1v7⟩ rāj¿ā?⟨o⟩ narendraḥ maṇḍakāt para⟨ma⟩māheśvar¿ā?⟨o⟩ mātāpitṛpādānudhyātaḥ śrī-
⟨Page 2r⟩ 
⟨2r1⟩ sām¿ā?⟨a⟩nta-Indrarājaḥ {c}cheṇḍaparaṅgaviṣayaprati¡vaddhaḥ!⟨baddhe⟩ Ākāśarāṣṭre gula-
⟨2r2⟩ grāmake~ sā⟦lekhyā⟧⟨⟨lagrāmā⟩⟩mantamarake ◯ ⟦buḍayyake⟧ grāmak¿u?⟨ū⟩ṭadroṇāg¡ī!⟨ra⟩ka-
⟨2r3⟩ gaṇḍak¿ā?⟨a⟩nāyakadevavārik¿a?⟨ā⟩⟨n⟩ sarvvā¡m!⟨n⟩ eva pramukhā⟨n⟩ yathā prativāsina¡ṁ!⟨ḥ⟩ samājñā-
⟨2r4⟩ payati viditam astu bhavatā⟨ṁ⟩ yathāsmābhir aya⟨ṁ⟩ grāma⟨ḥ⟩ sodraṅgaḥ s¿a?⟨o⟩parikaraḥ-
⟨2r5⟩ Acāṭabhaṭapraveś¡ī!⟨aḥ⟩ sanidhiḥ sopanidhi{ḥ}ś coradaṇḍa¡yalitaḥ!⟨varjitaḥ⟩ catuḥ¡ś!⟨s⟩ī-
⟨2r6⟩ mādhānaparyanta Ācandr¿a?⟨ā⟩rkakṣititārakānirodh¡ena!⟨aṁ⟩ mātāpitror ātmanaś ca pu¡n!⟨ṇ⟩yā-
⟨2r7⟩ bhivṛddhaye, ś¿a?⟨ā⟩ṇḍilyagotravājasaneyamā{d}dhyandinanāgasvāmipu¡v!⟨tr⟩a-
⟨Page 2v⟩ 
⟨2v1⟩ bhavasvāmin¡asya!⟨e⟩ pratipādit¡e!⟨a I⟩ty avagamya~ yathocitabhogam upana-
⟨2v2⟩ yantaḥ Ājñāśravanavidheyair bhūtvā sukhaṁ prativ¿ā?⟨a⟩stavyam iti svayam ā-
⟨2v3⟩ jñāpanā~ ye cāsmadva¡ṅ!⟨ṁ⟩śe sam¿ū?⟨u⟩tpadyante rājāna{ḥ}s tair ap¡anīya!⟨īyaṁ⟩ dattir anu-
⟨2v4⟩ pālanīyā¡t!⟨n⟩umodanīyā ca, yaś cem¿o?⟨āṁ⟩ datti⟨ṁ⟩ vilopam āpādayiṣyati sa-
⟨2v5⟩ pañcabhir mahāpātakaiḥ saha saṁyukta¡ṁ!⟨ḥ⟩ sy¿a?⟨ā⟩T  ⟨ba⟩hubhir vasudhā bhūtvā raj¿a?⟨ā⟩ne 
⟨2v6⟩ sagarā¡j!⟨d⟩ibhi⟨ḥ⟩ yasya yasya yadā ◯bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ,  ṣaṣṭi-
⟨2v7⟩ var{i}ṣasahasrāṇi svarge modati bhūmidaḥ Ā⟨c⟩chettā cānumantā 
⟨Page 3r⟩ 
⟨3r1⟩ ca {t}tāny eva na⟨⟨ra⟩⟩ke vaseT  svadattāṁ paradattām vā yo haret¿i?⟨a⟩ vasundharā⟨ṁ⟩ kapilāśataghā-
⟨3r2⟩ tīnām enasā pratipadyate  khilabhugnā tu yā ◯bh¿u?⟨ū⟩mi⟨r⟩ yā ca bhuktā daśāpar¿e?⟨ā⟩ śata⟨ṁ⟩ yā-
⟨3r3⟩ (va)¡n!⟨t⟩ tu yā bhuktā na rājā ha¡n!⟨r⟩tum ar{a}hati  Āsphoṭayanti pitara⟨ḥ⟩ pravalgant¿a?⟨i⟩ pitāmahā⟨ḥ⟩ 
⟨3r4⟩ tvam ekosm¿i?⟨a⟩tkule jā¡tā!⟨taḥ⟩ sa ¡mattrā!⟨nas trātā⟩ bhaviṣyati  prāpsyase vipulā⟨n⟩ bhogā⟨n⟩ pūrvvadatt¿e?⟨a⟩sya tat pha-
⟨3r5⟩ laṁ punar dehīti dānā¡bhi!⟨d dhi⟩ punar bhogī bhaviṣyasi  Iha lokakṛtaṁ karma tat pa⟨ra⟩ttrop¿i?⟨a⟩-
⟨3r6⟩ bhujyat¿i?⟨e⟩, talasiktasya vṛkṣasya phalaṁ śākhāsu dṛśy¿i?⟨a⟩t¿i?⟨e⟩, likhitañ ca rājapu¡ttā!⟨tra⟩deve⟨na⟩
⟨3r7⟩ Utkīrṇa⟨ṁ⟩ suvarṇak¿a?⟨ā⟩r¡a-Is!⟨eś⟩varaputre⟨⟨ṇa⟩⟩ droṇākena samāptañ c¿a?⟨e⟩da⟨ṁ⟩ śāsana⟨ṁ⟩ jy¿a?⟨ā⟩ṣṭapra⟨⟨tha⟩⟩-
⟨Page 3v⟩ 
⟨3v1⟩ mapakṣa U{ra}ttarabhādrapad¿a?⟨e⟩, Aṅgār¿ā?⟨a⟩vār¿a?⟨e⟩ {d}divasa Ekādaś¿a?⟨e⟩, prava⟨r⟩ddhamāna-
⟨3v2⟩ vijayarājyasamvat¡p!⟨s⟩araḥ 11

Seal

śr¡ī-I!⟨ī⟩ndrarājaḥ

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1v1⟩ @ svasti

I. Śārdūlavikrīḍita

ās¿i?⟨ī⟩d indrasamaḥ kṣitaukṣit¿a?⟨i⟩pati⟨ḥ⟩ śaktyā k{t}riyābhir guṇai-

r u⟨1v2⟩tphullāmalacāru¡v!⟨b⟩im¡v!⟨b⟩avadanā ya⟨ṁ⟩ śrī⟨ḥ⟩ sadā sevate,

yo devadvijasādhupa⟨1v3⟩ṇḍitajanasyā⟨⟨dhā⟩⟩rabhūto¡ha vā!⟨bhavat⟩

siddhādhyāsitahematuṅgaśikharaḥ śail¿ai?⟨e⟩ndrarāj¿ā?⟨o⟩ yathā

II. Sragdharā

⟨1v4⟩ jāta⟨s ta⟩syātmaj¿ā?⟨o⟩ ’pi prakaṭa¡gha!⟨ga⟩jaghaṭ¿a?⟨ā⟩ghaṭṭana{ḥ}ś cārumūrtti-

⟨r⟩ nitya⟨ṁ⟩ dātābhimā⟨1v5⟩nī raṇacapalapa(ṭu)¡ḥ!⟨r⟩ bhrāntaparyanta(kī)rti⟨ḥ⟩

nirjit¡v!⟨y⟩ārātipakṣa¡ḥ!⟨ṁ⟩ prasabham apah¿i?⟨ṛ⟩⟨1v6⟩t¿o?⟨ā⟩ ye¡c!⟨n⟩a lakṣmī viśālā

sa śrīmā⟨n⟩ ◯śrīniketaḥ pratimatisuciraḥ Indra⟨1v7⟩rāj¿ā?⟨o⟩ narendraḥ

maṇḍakāt para⟨ma⟩māheśvar¿ā?⟨o⟩ mātāpitṛpādānudhyātaḥ śrī⟨Page 2r⟩⟨2r1⟩sām¿ā?⟨a⟩nta-Indrarājaḥ {c}cheṇḍaparaṅgaviṣayaprati¡vaddhaḥ!⟨baddhe⟩ Ākāśarāṣṭre gula⟨2r2⟩grāmake~ sā⟦lekhyā⟧⟨⟨lagrāmā⟩⟩mantamarake ◯ ⟦buḍayyake⟧ grāmak¿u?⟨ū⟩ṭadroṇāg¡ī!⟨ra⟩ka⟨2r3⟩gaṇḍak¿ā?⟨a⟩nāyakadevavārik¿a?⟨ā⟩⟨n⟩ sarvvā¡m!⟨n⟩ eva pramukhā⟨n⟩ yathā prativāsina¡ṁ!⟨ḥ⟩ samājñā⟨2r4⟩payati

III. Anuṣṭubh

⟨ba⟩hubhir vasudhā bhūtvā raj¿a?⟨ā⟩ne ⟨2v6⟩ sagarā¡j!⟨d⟩ibhi⟨ḥ⟩

yasya yasya yadā ◯bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ,

IV. Anuṣṭubh

ṣaṣṭi⟨2v7⟩var{i}ṣasahasrāṇi svarge modati bhūmidaḥ

Ā⟨c⟩chettā cānumantā ⟨Page 3r⟩ ⟨3r1⟩ ca {t}tāny eva na⟨⟨ra⟩⟩ke vaseT

V. Anuṣṭubh

svadattāṁ paradattām vā yo haret¿i?⟨a⟩ vasundharā⟨ṁ⟩

kapilāśataghā⟨3r2⟩tīnām enasā pratipadyate

VI. Anuṣṭubh

khilabhugnā tu yā ◯bh¿u?⟨ū⟩mi⟨r⟩ yā ca bhuktā daśāpar¿e?⟨ā⟩

śata⟨ṁ⟩ yā⟨3r3⟩(va)¡n!⟨t⟩ tu yā bhuktā na rājā ha¡n!⟨r⟩tum ar{a}hati

VII. Anuṣṭubh

Āsphoṭayanti pitara⟨ḥ⟩ pravalgant¿a?⟨i⟩ pitāmahā⟨ḥ⟩

⟨3r4⟩ tvam ekosm¿i?⟨a⟩tkule jā¡tā!⟨taḥ⟩ sa ¡mattrā!⟨nas trātā⟩ bhaviṣyati

VIII. Anuṣṭubh

prāpsyase vipulā⟨n⟩ bhogā⟨n⟩ pūrvvadatt¿e?⟨a⟩sya tat pha⟨3r5⟩laṁ

punar dehīti dānā¡bhi!⟨d dhi⟩ punar bhogī bhaviṣyasi

IX. Anuṣṭubh

Iha lokakṛtaṁ karma tat pa⟨ra⟩ttrop¿i?⟨a⟩⟨3r6⟩bhujyat¿i?⟨e⟩,

talasiktasya vṛkṣasya phalaṁ śākhāsu dṛśy¿i?⟨a⟩t¿i?⟨e⟩,

Apparatus

Seal

Plates

⟨1v3⟩ °rāj¿ā?⟨o⟩ ⬦ °rāj¿ā?⟨o⟩ SS; °rājo AMS.

⟨2r5⟩ praveś¡ī!⟨aḥ⟩ ⬦ praveś¡ā!⟨aḥ⟩ SS; praveś¡ī!⟨aḥ⟩ AMS.

⟨2r6⟩ °pitror ⬦ °pittror SS; °pitror AMS.

⟨2v4⟩ āpādayiṣyati ⬦ āpādayiṣyat SS; āpādayiṣyati AMS.

⟨2v5⟩ bhūtvā raj¿a?⟨ā⟩ne ⬦ bhūtvā rajāne SS; bhūtvā raj¿a?⟨ā⟩ne AMS • Presumably, bhuktā rājabhiḥ was intended.

⟨3r2⟩ bh¿u?⟨ū⟩mi⟨r⟩ ⬦ bh¿u?⟨ū⟩mi⟨r⟩ SS; bhūmi⟨r⟩ AMS.

⟨3r4⟩ ¡mattrā!⟨nas trātā⟩ ⬦ ¡mattrā!⟨nas trātā⟩ SS; ¡matrā!⟨nas trātā⟩ AMS. — ⟨3r4⟩ vipulā⟨n⟩ ⬦ vipula⟨n⟩ SS; vipulā⟨n⟩ AMS.

⟨3r5⟩ pa⟨ra⟩ttro° ⬦ pa⟨ra⟩ttro° SS; pa⟨ra⟩tro° AMS.

⟨3r6⟩ dṛśy¿i?⟨a⟩t¿i?⟨e⟩ ⬦ dṛśy¿i?⟨a⟩t¿i?⟨e⟩ SS; dṛśyat¿i?⟨e⟩ AMS. — ⟨3r6⟩ likhitañ ⬦ likhitan SS; likhitañ AMS.

⟨3v2⟩ 11 ⬦ 1<dashPlain> SS; 1<dashPlain> AMS.

Translation by Natasja Bosma

Seal

The illustrious Indrarāja.

Plates

Success! Hail!

1v1–1v3

There was on earth a king (or Kṣitipati as a personal name) who was equal to Indra through his power, deeds, and good qualities; who is continously served by [the goddess] Śrī whose face is pure and beautiful like [the splendour of] the full moon; who was supportive of gods, twice-born, Sādhus, Pandits, and men, in the same manner as king Śailendra whose lofty golden peaks are inhabited by Siddhas.

1v4–1v7

To him was born a son whose impact was as clear as that of a troop of elephants; who had a handsome appearance; with a mind that is always set on giving; who is strong and unpredictable in battle; and whose fame has extended in all directions. That illustrious king, an abode of beauty, who takes pleasure in worship, was Indrarāja!

(1v7–2r4) From Maṇḍaka, the illustrious sāmanta Indrarāja, who is entirely devoted to Viṣṇu and is favoured by his father and mother, issues [the following command] to all the residents and chief persons of [the settlements] Sālagrāma and Amantamaraka (or Mantamaraka) in the village of Gulagrāmaka situated in the Ākāśa rāṣṭra and forming part of the Cheṇḍaparaṅga viṣaya, (the chief persons) including the superintendent of the temple (devavārika), the military officer (nāyaka), minting officer (gaṇḍaka), tax officer (droṇāgraka), and village headman (grāmakūṭa):

(2r4–2v1) Let it be known to you that for the increase of religious merit of father, mother, and ourselves, this village extending to its four boundaries has been granted by us to Bhavasvāmin, son of Nāgasvāmin of the Śāṇḍilya gotra and the Vājasaneya-Mādhyandina [school]. [The grant of the village comes] along with [the right to] tax on permanent and temporary tenants, [the right] not to be entered by irregular or regular troops, and [the right to] hidden treasures and deposits, with the exception of the fines imposed on thieves, and is to be enjoyed as long as the moon, the sun, the earth, and the stars will endure.

(2v1–2v5) Knowing this, [you] should be obedient to the orders received [from the donee] and render the proper [shares of] periodical offerings, while living happily [in this village]. This grant [was issued] by my own order and those kings who will be born in our family should also consent to it and protect it! And whoever will cause the obstruction of [the enjoyment of] this gift, he will bring upon himself [the guilt of] the five great sins!

2v5–2v6

The earth has been enjoyed by many kings, beginning with Sagara: Whoever possesses the land at any time, to him belong the fruits at that time!

2v6–3r1

A giver of land dwells in heaven for sixty thousand years; he who confiscates it or allows [another to confiscate it] will dwell for the same period in hell!

3r1–3r2

He who would steal land, either given by himself or by others, would commit the crime [equal to] the killing of one hundred brown cows.

3r2–3r3

Waste land what has [newly] been taken up for cultivation and [cultivated] land what has been enjoyed for more than ten years up to a hundred years, [that land] a king is not entitled to confiscate!

3r3–3r4

Fathers [in the world of the dead] clap their hands upon their arms, [and] grandfathers leap [from joy], [saying]: You are the one who has been born in our family; you shall become our deliverer!

3r4–3r5

You will receive great merit as that fruit of what has been given before. From that gift, give again! Truly you will become again an enjoyer!

3r5–3r6

Work done here in this world, that is enjoyed in the other world; [just as] the fruit of a tree, watered at its roots, is observed on its branches!

(3r6–3v2) This charter has been written by the rājaputra Deva; has been engraved by Droṇāka, son of the goldsmith Īśvara; and has been completed in the first fortnight of the month of Jyeṣṭa, in the Uttarabhādrapada nakṣatra, on a Tuesday, the eleventh day, in the year 11 of the increasingly victorious reign (of Indrarāja, presumably).

Commentary

There is uncertainty about the reading of the year. The inscription ends with two slightly curved horizontal strokes, together expressing the number eleven. The second stroke could also be taken as a punctuation mark. In the latter case, the charter would have been issued in the first regnal year. Since the stroke deviates from the other punctuation marks in the charter, the year eleven is accepted here.

Bibliography

First edited by Sircar and Sankaranarayanan [1963] 1959–1960 from the original plates; published again by Shastri 1995, pp. 86–92; re-edited here by Natasja Bosma based on the published photographs (edition of the seal based on Sircar and Sankaranarayanan).

Primary

[AMS] Shastri, Ajay Mitra. 1995. Inscriptions of the Śarabhapurīyas, Pāṇḍuvaṁśins and Somavaṁśins, Part II: Inscriptions. New Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Motilal Bandarsidass. Pages 86–92.

[SS] Sircar, Dines Chandra and S. Sankaranarayanan. [1963] 1959–1960. “Malga plates of Samanta Indraraja.” EI 33, pp. 209–214.

Secondary

Bosma, Natasja. 2018. Dakṣiṇa Kosala: A rich centre of early Śaivism. Groningen: Barkhuis. [URL]. Pages 22–24, 46, 239–240.

Shastri, Ajay Mitra. 1978–1979. “A note on the Malga plates of sāmanta Indrarāja.” Sri Venkateswara University Oriental Journal 21-22, pp. 19–25.

Display Options Word Wrap Line Numbers Comments Processing Instructions

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_SQF.sch" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<title>Malgā Plates of Indrabala, Year 11</title>

<resp>EpiDoc Encoding</resp>

<forename>Natasja</forename>

<surname>Bosma</surname>

</persName>

</respStmt>

<resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>

<forename>Natasja</forename>

<surname>Bosma</surname>

</persName>

</respStmt>

</titleStmt>

<authority>DHARMA</authority>

<pubPlace>Berlin</pubPlace>

<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSDaksinaKosala00018</idno>

<p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported

Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to

Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,

California, 94041, USA.</p>

</licence>

</availability>

</publicationStmt>

<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>

<idno/>

</msIdentifier>

</msContents>

<p/>

</handDesc>

</physDesc>

</msDesc>

</sourceDesc>

</fileDesc>

<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)

under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant

agreement no 809994).</p>

</projectDesc>

<p>Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named

ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.</p>

</prefixDef>

<p>Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the

<ref>DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml</ref> file.</p>

</prefixDef>

</listPrefixDef>

</encodingDesc>

<change who="part:nabo" when="2021-06-29" status="draft">Adding contents</change>

<change who="part:nabo" when="2021-06-14" status="draft">Initial encoding of the file</change>

</revisionDesc>

</teiHeader>

<body>

<ab>śr<choice><orig>ī-I</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice>ndrarājaḥ</ab></div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<ab><pb n="1v"/><lb n="1v1"/><g type="spiralR"/> svasti</ab>

<l n="a" enjamb="yes">ās<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>d indrasamaḥ kṣitaukṣit<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>i</corr></choice>pati<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> śaktyā k<surplus>t</surplus>riyābhir guṇai</l>

<l n="b">r u<lb n="1v2" break="no"/>tphullāmalacāru<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>im<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>avadanā ya<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> śrī<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> sadā sevate<g type="comma"/></l>

<l n="c">yo devadvijasādhupa<lb n="1v3" break="no"/>ṇḍitajanasyā<add place="above">dhā</add>rabhūto<choice><orig>ha vā</orig><reg>bhavat</reg></choice></l>

<l n="d">siddhādhyāsitahematuṅgaśikharaḥ śail<choice><sic>ai</sic><corr>e</corr></choice>ndrarāj<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>o</corr></choice> yathā</l></lg>

<l n="a" enjamb="yes"><lb n="1v4"/>jāta<supplied reason="omitted">s ta</supplied>syātmaj<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>o</corr></choice> 'pi prakaṭa<choice><orig>gha</orig><reg>ga</reg></choice>jaghaṭ<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ghaṭṭana<surplus>ḥ</surplus>ś cārumūrtti</l>

<l n="b"><supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied> nitya<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> dātābhimā<lb n="1v5" break="no"/>nī raṇacapalapa<unclear>ṭu</unclear><choice><orig>ḥ</orig><reg>r</reg></choice> bhrāntaparyanta<unclear>kī</unclear>rti<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>

<l n="c">nirjit<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>y</reg></choice>ārātipakṣa<choice><orig>ḥ</orig><reg>ṁ</reg></choice> prasabham apah<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ṛ</corr></choice><lb n="1v6" break="no"/>t<choice><sic>o</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice> ye<choice><orig>c</orig><reg>n</reg></choice>a lakṣmī viśālā</l>

<l n="d">sa śrīmā<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied> <space type="binding-hole"/>śrīniketaḥ pratimatisuciraḥ Indra<lb n="1v7" break="no"/>rāj<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>o</corr></choice> narendraḥ</l></lg>

<p>maṇḍakāt para<supplied reason="omitted">ma</supplied>māheśvar<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>o</corr></choice> mātāpitṛpādānudhyātaḥ śrī<pb n="2r" break="no"/><lb n="2r1" break="no"/>sām<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>nta-Indrarājaḥ <surplus>c</surplus>cheṇḍaparaṅgaviṣayaprati<choice><orig>vaddhaḥ</orig><reg>baddhe</reg></choice> Ākāśarāṣṭre gula<lb n="2r2" break="no"/>grāmake<g type="dashConvex"/> sā<subst><del rend="corrected">lekhyā</del><add place="overstrike">lagrāmā</add></subst>mantamarake <space type="binding-hole"/> <del>buḍayyake</del> grāmak<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>ṭadroṇāg<choice><orig>ī</orig><reg>ra</reg></choice>ka<lb n="2r3" break="no"/>gaṇḍak<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>nāyakadevavārik<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice><supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied> sarvvā<choice><orig>m</orig><reg>n</reg></choice> eva pramukhā<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied> yathā prativāsina<choice><orig>ṁ</orig><reg>ḥ</reg></choice> samājñā<lb n="2r4" break="no"/>payati</p> <p>viditam astu bhavatā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> yathāsmābhir aya<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> grāma<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> sodraṅgaḥ s<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>o</corr></choice>parikaraḥ<lb n="2r5" break="no"/>Acāṭabhaṭapraveś<choice><orig>ī</orig><reg>aḥ</reg></choice> sanidhiḥ sopanidhi<surplus>ḥ</surplus>ś coradaṇḍa<choice><orig>yalitaḥ</orig><reg>varjitaḥ</reg></choice> catuḥ<choice><orig>ś</orig><reg>s</reg></choice>ī<lb n="2r6" break="no"/>mādhānaparyanta Ācandr<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>rkakṣititārakānirodh<choice><orig>ena</orig><reg>aṁ</reg></choice> mātāpitror ātmanaś ca pu<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṇ</reg></choice>yā<lb n="2r7" break="no"/>bhivṛddhaye<g type="comma"/> ś<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ṇḍilyagotravājasaneyamā<surplus>d</surplus>dhyandinanāgasvāmipu<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>tr</reg></choice>a<pb n="2v" break="no"/><lb n="2v1" break="no"/>bhavasvāmin<choice><orig>asya</orig><reg>e</reg></choice> pratipādit<choice><orig>e</orig><reg>a I</reg></choice>ty</p> <p>avagamya<g type="dashConvex"/> yathocitabhogam upana<lb n="2v2" break="no"/>yantaḥ Ājñāśravanavidheyair bhūtvā sukhaṁ prativ<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>stavyam iti svayam ā<lb n="2v3" break="no"/>jñāpanā<g type="dashConvex"/> ye cāsmadva<choice><orig>ṅ</orig><reg>ṁ</reg></choice>śe sam<choice><sic>ū</sic><corr>u</corr></choice>tpadyante rājāna<surplus>ḥ</surplus>s tair ap<choice><orig>anīya</orig><reg>īyaṁ</reg></choice> dattir anu<lb n="2v4" break="no"/>pālanīyā<choice><orig>t</orig><reg>n</reg></choice>umodanīyā ca<g type="comma"/> yaś cem<choice><sic>o</sic><corr>āṁ</corr></choice> datti<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> vilopam āpādayiṣyati sa<lb n="2v5" break="no"/>pañcabhir mahāpātakaiḥ saha saṁyukta<choice><orig>ṁ</orig><reg>ḥ</reg></choice> sy<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>T</p>

<l n="ab"><supplied reason="omitted">ba</supplied>hubhir vasudhā bhūtvā raj<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ne <lb n="2v6"/>sagarā<choice><orig>j</orig><reg>d</reg></choice>ibhi<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>

<l n="cd">yasya yasya yadā <space type="binding-hole"/>bhūmi<supplied reason="omitted">s</supplied> tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ<g type="comma"/></l></lg>

<l n="ab">ṣaṣṭi<lb n="2v7" break="no"/>var<surplus>i</surplus>ṣasahasrāṇi svarge modati bhūmidaḥ</l>

<l n="cd">Ā<supplied reason="omitted">c</supplied>chettā cānumantā <pb n="3r"/><lb n="3r1"/>ca <surplus>t</surplus>tāny eva na<add place="below">ra</add>ke vaseT</l></lg>

<l n="ab">svadattāṁ paradattām vā yo haret<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice> vasundharā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied></l>

<l n="cd">kapilāśataghā<lb n="3r2" break="no"/>tīnām enasā pratipadyate</l></lg>

<l n="ab">khilabhugnā tu yā <space type="binding-hole"/>bh<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>mi<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied> yā ca bhuktā daśāpar<choice><sic>e</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice></l>

<l n="cd">śata<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> yā<lb n="3r3" break="no"/><unclear>va</unclear><choice><orig>n</orig><reg>t</reg></choice> tu yā bhuktā na rājā ha<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>r</reg></choice>tum ar<surplus>a</surplus>hati</l></lg>

<l n="ab">Āsphoṭayanti pitara<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> pravalgant<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>i</corr></choice> pitāmahā<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>

<l n="cd"><lb n="3r4"/>tvam ekosm<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>tkule jā<choice><orig>tā</orig><reg>taḥ</reg></choice> sa <choice><orig>mattrā</orig><reg>nas trātā</reg></choice> bhaviṣyati</l></lg>

<l n="ab">prāpsyase vipulā<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied> bhogā<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied> pūrvvadatt<choice><sic>e</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>sya tat pha<lb n="3r5" break="no"/>laṁ</l>

<l n="cd">punar dehīti dānā<choice><orig>bhi</orig><reg>d dhi</reg></choice> punar bhogī bhaviṣyasi</l></lg>

<l n="ab">Iha lokakṛtaṁ karma tat pa<supplied reason="omitted">ra</supplied>ttrop<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice><lb n="3r6" break="no"/>bhujyat<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>e</corr></choice><g type="comma"/></l>

<l n="cd">talasiktasya vṛkṣasya phalaṁ śākhāsu dṛśy<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>t<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>e</corr></choice><g type="comma"/></l></lg>

<p>likhitañ ca rājapu<choice><orig>ttā</orig><reg>tra</reg></choice>deve<supplied reason="omitted">na</supplied><lb n="3r7"/>Utkīrṇa<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> suvarṇak<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>r<choice><orig>a-Is</orig><reg>eś</reg></choice>varaputre<add place="below">ṇa</add> droṇākena samāptañ c<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>e</corr></choice>da<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> śāsana<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> jy<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ṣṭapra<add place="below">tha</add><pb n="3v" break="no"/><lb n="3v1" break="no"/>mapakṣa U<surplus>ra</surplus>ttarabhādrapad<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>e</corr></choice><g type="comma"/> Aṅgār<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>vār<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>e</corr></choice> <surplus>d</surplus>divasa Ekādaś<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>e</corr></choice><g type="comma"/> prava<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>ddhamāna<lb n="3v2" break="no"/>vijayarājyasamvat<choice><orig>p</orig><reg>s</reg></choice>araḥ <num value="11">11</num></p></div></div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

</app>

<lem>praveś<choice><orig>ī</orig><reg>aḥ</reg></choice></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Sircar+Sankaranarayanan1959-1960_01">praveś<choice><orig>ā</orig><reg>aḥ</reg></choice></rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">praveś<choice><orig>ī</orig><reg>aḥ</reg></choice></rdg>

</app>

<lem>°pitror</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Sircar+Sankaranarayanan1959-1960_01">°pittror</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">°pitror</rdg>

</app>

<lem>āpādayiṣyati</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Sircar+Sankaranarayanan1959-1960_01">āpādayiṣyat</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">āpādayiṣyati</rdg>

</app>

<lem>bhūtvā raj<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ne</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Sircar+Sankaranarayanan1959-1960_01">bhūtvā rajāne</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">bhūtvā raj<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ne</rdg>

<note source="bib:Sircar+Sankaranarayanan1959-1960_01">Presumably, <foreign>bhuktā rājabhiḥ</foreign> was intended.</note>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">bhūmi<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied></rdg>

</app>

<lem><choice><orig>mattrā</orig><reg>nas trātā</reg></choice></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Sircar+Sankaranarayanan1959-1960_01"><choice><orig>mattrā</orig><reg>nas trātā</reg></choice></rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02"><choice><orig>matrā</orig><reg>nas trātā</reg></choice></rdg>

</app>

<lem>vipulā<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Sircar+Sankaranarayanan1959-1960_01">vipula<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied></rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">vipulā<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied></rdg>

</app>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">dṛśyat<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>e</corr></choice></rdg>

</app>

<lem>likhitañ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Sircar+Sankaranarayanan1959-1960_01">likhitan</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">likhitañ</rdg>

</app>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

<ab>The illustrious Indrarāja.</ab></div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<ab n="1v1">Success! Hail!</ab>

<p n="1v1-1v3" rend="stanza">There was on earth a king <supplied reason="explanation">or Kṣitipati as a personal name</supplied> who was equal to Indra through his power, deeds, and good qualities; who is continously served by <supplied reason="subaudible">the goddess</supplied> Śrī whose face is pure and beautiful like <supplied reason="subaudible">the splendour of</supplied> the full moon; who was supportive of gods, twice-born, Sādhus, Pandits, and men, in the same manner as king Śailendra whose lofty golden peaks are inhabited by Siddhas.</p>

<p n="1v4-1v7" rend="stanza">To him was born a son whose impact was as clear as that of a troop of elephants; who had a handsome appearance; with a mind that is always set on giving; who is strong and unpredictable in battle; and whose fame has extended in all directions. That illustrious king, an abode of beauty, who takes pleasure in worship, was Indrarāja!</p>

<p n="1v7-2r4">From Maṇḍaka, the illustrious <foreign>sāmanta</foreign> Indrarāja, who is entirely devoted to Viṣṇu and is favoured by his father and mother, issues <supplied reason="subaudible">the following command</supplied> to all the residents and chief persons of <supplied reason="subaudible">the settlements</supplied> Sālagrāma and Amantamaraka <supplied reason="explanation">or Mantamaraka</supplied> in the village of Gulagrāmaka situated in the Ākāśa <foreign>rāṣṭra</foreign> and forming part of the Cheṇḍaparaṅga <foreign>viṣaya</foreign>, <supplied reason="explanation">the chief persons</supplied> including the superintendent of the temple <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>devavārika</foreign></supplied>, the military officer <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nāyaka</foreign></supplied>, minting officer <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>gaṇḍaka</foreign></supplied>, tax officer <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>droṇāgraka</foreign></supplied>, and village headman <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>grāmakūṭa</foreign></supplied>:</p>

<p n="2r4-2v1">Let it be known to you that for the increase of religious merit of father, mother, and ourselves, this village extending to its four boundaries has been granted by us to Bhavasvāmin, son of Nāgasvāmin of the Śāṇḍilya <foreign>gotra</foreign> and the Vājasaneya-Mādhyandina <supplied reason="subaudible">school</supplied>. <supplied reason="subaudible">The grant of the village comes</supplied> along with <supplied reason="subaudible">the right to</supplied> tax on permanent and temporary tenants, <supplied reason="subaudible">the right</supplied> not to be entered by irregular or regular troops, and <supplied reason="subaudible">the right to</supplied> hidden treasures and deposits, with the exception of the fines imposed on thieves, and is to be enjoyed as long as the moon, the sun, the earth, and the stars will endure.</p>

<p n="2v1-2v5">Knowing this, <supplied reason="subaudible">you</supplied> should be obedient to the orders received <supplied reason="subaudible">from the donee</supplied> and render the proper <supplied reason="subaudible">shares of</supplied> periodical offerings, while living happily <supplied reason="subaudible">in this village</supplied>. This grant <supplied reason="subaudible">was issued</supplied> by my own order and those kings who will be born in our family should also consent to it and protect it! And whoever will cause the obstruction of <supplied reason="subaudible">the enjoyment of</supplied> this gift, he will bring upon himself <supplied reason="subaudible">the guilt of</supplied> the five great sins!</p>

<p n="2v5-2v6" rend="stanza">The earth has been enjoyed by many kings, beginning with Sagara: Whoever possesses the land at any time, to him belong the fruits at that time!</p>

<p n="2v6-3r1" rend="stanza">A giver of land dwells in heaven for sixty thousand years; he who confiscates it or allows <supplied reason="subaudible">another to confiscate it</supplied> will dwell for the same period in hell!</p>

<p n="3r1-3r2" rend="stanza">He who would steal land, either given by himself or by others, would commit the crime <supplied reason="subaudible">equal to</supplied> the killing of one hundred brown cows.</p>

<p n="3r2-3r3" rend="stanza">Waste land what has <supplied reason="subaudible">newly</supplied> been taken up for cultivation and <supplied reason="subaudible">cultivated</supplied> land what has been enjoyed for more than ten years up to a hundred years, <supplied reason="subaudible">that land</supplied> a king is not entitled to confiscate!</p>

<p n="3r3-3r4" rend="stanza">Fathers <supplied reason="subaudible">in the world of the dead</supplied> clap their hands upon their arms, <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> grandfathers leap <supplied reason="subaudible">from joy</supplied>, <supplied reason="subaudible">saying</supplied>: You are the one who has been born in our family; you shall become our deliverer!</p>

<p n="3r4-3r5" rend="stanza">You will receive great merit as that fruit of what has been given before. From that gift, give again! Truly you will become again an enjoyer!</p>

<p n="3r5-3r6" rend="stanza">Work done here in this world, that is enjoyed in the other world; <supplied reason="subaudible">just as</supplied> the fruit of a tree, watered at its roots, is observed on its branches!</p>

<p n="3r6-3v2">This charter has been written by the <foreign>rājaputra</foreign> Deva; has been engraved by Droṇāka, son of the goldsmith Īśvara; and has been completed in the first fortnight of the month of Jyeṣṭa, in the <foreign>Uttarabhādrapada nakṣatra</foreign>, on a Tuesday, the eleventh day, in the year 11 of the increasingly victorious reign <supplied reason="explanation">of Indrarāja, presumably</supplied>.</p></div></div>

<p>There is uncertainty about the reading of the year. The inscription ends with two slightly curved horizontal strokes, together expressing the number eleven. The second stroke could also be taken as a punctuation mark. In the latter case, the charter would have been issued in the first regnal year. Since the stroke deviates from the other punctuation marks in the charter, the year eleven is accepted here.</p>

</div>

<p>First edited by Sircar and Sankaranarayanan <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Sircar+Sankaranarayanan1959-1960_01"/></bibl> from the original plates; published again by Shastri <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Shastri1995_02"/><citedRange>86-92</citedRange></bibl>; re-edited here by Natasja Bosma based on the published photographs (edition of the seal based on Sircar and Sankaranarayanan).</p>

</bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>