Āraṅg Plates of Sudevarāja, Year 7

Editor: Natasja Bosma.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSDaksinaKosala00011.

Language: Sanskrit.

Repository: Dakṣiṇa Kosala (tfb-daksinakosala-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-05-31 13:36 (048a990), last modified 2024-05-17 11:48 (de7f295).

Edition

Logical
Physical
Full

Seal

I. Anuṣṭubh

prasa(nnārṇṇa)vasambhū(ta)mā(na)mātrendujanmana(ḥ)

śrīmats[udevarājasya sthiraṁ jagati] (śā)sanaṁ

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1v1⟩ @ svasti śarabhapurād vikkramopanatasāmantamakuṭacūḍāmaṇiprabhāpra⟨1v2⟩sekāmbudhautapādayugalo ripuvilāsinīsīmantoddharaṇahetu⟨1v3⟩r vvasuvasudhāgopradaḫ paramabhāgavato mātāpitṛpādānuddhyāta⟨1v4⟩ś ś¿ṛ?⟨r⟩īmahāsudevarājaḥ tosa¡dḍa!⟨ḍḍa⟩bhuktīyaśiv¿i?⟨a⟩liṅgake prativāsi⟨1v5⟩kuṭumbinas samājñāpayati~

viditam astu vo yathāyaṁ grāma⟨Page 2r⟩⟨2r1⟩s ¡tṛ!⟨tri⟩daśapatisadanasukhapratiṣṭhā⟨ka⟩ro yāvad raviśaśitārākiraṇaprati⟨2r2⟩hataghorāndhakā⟨⟨ra⟩⟩ṁ jagad avatiṣṭhate tāvad upabhogyas sanidhis sopanidhi⟨2r3⟩r acāṭabha⟨⟨ṭa⟩⟩prāveśyas sarvvakaravisarjjita{ḥ}ḫ pratihārabhogillena mātā⟨2r4⟩pitror ātmanaś ca puṇyābhivṛddhaye kātyāyanasagotramādhyandinavāja⟨2r5⟩saneyayajñasvāmi¡naḥ!⟨ne⟩ Adhyarddh¡aṅg!⟨āṁś⟩ena bhāradvājakumāravats¡a Ā!⟨ā⟩tre⟨Page 2v⟩⟨2v1⟩yakāṇvavājasaneyayajñasvāmin¿a?⟨au⟩ pratya¡ṅg!⟨ṁś⟩ena kātyāyanaviśākha⟨2v2⟩svāmikauśikamādhyandinagolasvāmi-Evaṁ-dāmodarasvāmidāmasvāmi⟨2v3⟩bhāradvājapañcālisvāmidīkṣitāyanīkā⟨n⟩ pratyarddh¡aṅg!⟨āṁś⟩ena tā¡mbra!⟨mra⟩śāsa⟨2v4⟩nenātisṛṣṭo bhūtvāsmābhir anumodit⟦i⟧⟨⟨a⟩⟩ḥ

te yūyam evam upalabhyaiṣā⟨2v5⟩mājñāśravaṇavidheyā bhūtvā yathocitaṁ bhogabhāgam upanayantas sukhaṁ ⟨2v6⟩ prativatsyatha bhaviṣyataś ca bhūmipān anudarśayati

I. Vasantatilakā

dānād viśiṣṭa{~}⟨Page 3r⟩⟨3r1⟩m anupālanajaṁ purāṇā

dharmmeṣu niścitadhiyaḫ pravadanti dharmmaṁ~

tasmā⟨d⟩ dvi⟨3r2⟩jāya suviśuddhakulaśrutāya

dattāṁ bhuvaṁ bhavatu vo matir eva goptu⟨ṁ⟩~

⟨3r3⟩ tad bhavadbhir apy eṣā da⟨t⟩tir anupālayitavyā vyāsagītā⟨ṁ⟩ś cātra ślokān u⟨3r4⟩dāharanti

II. Indravajrā

Agner apatya⟨ṁ⟩ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ~

bhūr vvaiṣṇavī sūryyasu⟨3r5⟩tāś ca gāva⟨ḥ⟩

dattās trayas tena bhava{ṁ}nti lokā

yaẖ kāñcanaṁ gāṁ ca mahī⟨ṁ⟩ ca dadyāT

III. Anuṣṭubh

⟨3r6⟩ ṣaṣṭivarṣasahasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmida⟨ḥ⟩

Ācchettā cānuma{ṁ}ntā ca tā⟨Page 3v⟩⟨3v1⟩ny eva narake vase⟨T⟩

IV. Anuṣṭubh

bahubhir vvasudhā da⟨t⟩tā rājabhis sagarādibhi⟨ḥ⟩

⟨3v2⟩ yasya yasya yadā bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ

V. Anuṣṭubh

svada¡ntā!⟨ttā⟩⟨ṁ⟩ parada¡ntā!⟨ttā⟩⟨ṁ⟩ vā yatnā⟨3v3⟩d rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira

mahīm mah¿i?⟨ī⟩matāñ chreṣṭha ⟨⟨dānā⟩⟩c chreyo ’nupālana¡m!⟨M⟩

¡i!⟨I⟩ti

svamu⟨3v4⟩khā¡gn!⟨jñ⟩ayā ¡saṁvva!⟨saṁva⟩t 7 vaiśākha di 20 6 U¡kt!⟨tk⟩īrṇṇaṁ droṇa(siṅghe)na°

Seal

prasa(nnārṇṇa)vasambhū(ta)mā(na)mātrendujanmana(ḥ) śrīmats[udevarājasya sthiraṁ jagati] (śā)sanaṁ

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩

⟨1v1⟩ @ svasti śarabhapurād vikkramopanatasāmantamakuṭacūḍāmaṇiprabhāpra-

⟨1v2⟩ sekāmbudhautapādayuga⊔lo ripuvilāsinīsīmantoddharaṇahetu-

⟨1v3⟩ r vvasu◯vasudhāgopradaḫ paramabhāgavato mātāpitṛpādānuddhyāta-

⟨1v4⟩ ś ś¿ṛ?⟨r⟩īmahāsudevarājaḥ tosa¡dḍa!⟨ḍḍa⟩bhuktīyaśiv¿i?⟨a⟩liṅgake prati⊔vāsi-

⟨1v5⟩ kuṭumbinas samājñāpayati~ viditam astu vo yathāyaṁ grāma-

⟨Page 2r⟩

⟨2r1⟩ s ¡tṛ!⟨tri⟩daśapatisadanasukhapratiṣṭhā⟨ka⟩ro yāvad raviśaśitārākiraṇaprati-

⟨2r2⟩ hataghorāndhakā⟨⟨ra⟩⟩ṁ jagad avatiṣṭhate tāvad upabhogyas sanidhis sopa⊔nidhi-

⟨2r3⟩ r acāṭabha◯⟨⟨ṭa⟩⟩prāveśyas sarvvakaravisarjjita{ḥ}ḫ pratihārabhogillena mātā-

⟨2r4⟩ pitror ātmanaś ca puṇyābhivṛddhaye kātyāyanasagotramādhyandinavāja-

⟨2r5⟩ saneyayajñasvāmi¡naḥ!⟨ne⟩ Adhyarddh¡aṅg!⟨āṁś⟩ena bhāradvājakumāravats¡a Ā!⟨ā⟩tre-

⟨Page 2v⟩

⟨2v1⟩ yakāṇvavājasaneyayajñasvāmin¿a?⟨au⟩ pratya¡ṅg!⟨ṁś⟩ena kātyāyanaviśākha-

⟨2v2⟩ svāmikauśikamādhyandinagolasvāmi-Evaṁ-dāmodarasvāmidāmasvāmi-

⟨2v3⟩ bhāradvāja◯pañcālisvāmidīkṣitāyanīkā⟨n⟩ pratyarddh¡aṅg!⟨āṁś⟩ena tā¡mbra!⟨mra⟩śāsa-

⟨2v4⟩ nenātisṛ◯ṣṭo bhūtvāsmābhir anumodit⟦i⟧⟨⟨a⟩⟩ḥ te yūyam evam upalabhyaiṣā-

⟨2v5⟩ mājñāśravaṇavidheyā bhūtvā yathocitaṁ bhogabhāgam upanayantas sukhaṁ

⟨2v6⟩ prativatsyatha bhaviṣyataś ca bhūmipān anudarśayati dānād viśiṣṭa{~}-

⟨Page 3r⟩

⟨3r1⟩ m anupālanajaṁ purāṇā dharmmeṣu niścitadhiyaḫ pravadanti dharmmaṁ~ tasmā⟨d⟩ dvi-

⟨3r2⟩ jāya suviśuddhakulaśrutāya dattāṁ bhuvaṁ bhavatu vo matir eva goptu⟨ṁ⟩~

⟨3r3⟩ tad bhavadbhi◯r apy eṣā da⟨t⟩tir anupālayitavyā vyāsagītā⟨ṁ⟩ś cātra ślokān u-

⟨3r4⟩ dāhara◯nti Agner apatya⟨ṁ⟩ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ~ bhūr vvaiṣṇavī sūryyasu-

⟨3r5⟩ tāś ca gāva⟨ḥ⟩ dattās trayas tena bhava{ṁ}nti lokā yaẖ kāñcanaṁ gāṁ ca mahī⟨ṁ⟩ ca dadyāT

⟨3r6⟩ ṣaṣṭivarṣasahasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmida⟨ḥ⟩ Ācchettā cānuma{ṁ}ntā ca tā-

⟨Page 3v⟩

⟨3v1⟩ ny eva narake vase⟨T⟩ bahubhir vvasudhā da⟨t⟩tā rājabhis sagarādibhi⟨ḥ⟩

⟨3v2⟩ yasya ya◯sya yadā bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ svada¡ntā!⟨ttā⟩⟨ṁ⟩ parada¡ntā!⟨ttā⟩⟨ṁ⟩ vā yatnā-

⟨3v3⟩ d rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira mahīm mah¿i?⟨ī⟩matāñ chreṣṭha ⟨⟨dānā⟩⟩c chreyo ’nupālana¡m!⟨M⟩ ¡i!⟨I⟩ti svamu-

⟨3v4⟩ khā¡gn!⟨jñ⟩ayā ¡saṁvva!⟨saṁva⟩t 7 vaiśākha di 20 6 U¡kt!⟨tk⟩īrṇṇaṁ droṇa(siṅghe)na°

Seal

I. Anuṣṭubh

prasa(nnārṇṇa)vasambhū(ta)mā(na)mātrendujanmana(ḥ)

śrīmats[udevarājasya sthiraṁ jagati] (śā)sanaṁ

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1v1⟩ @ svasti śarabhapurād vikkramopanatasāmantamakuṭacūḍāmaṇiprabhāpra⟨1v2⟩sekāmbudhautapādayuga⊔lo ripuvilāsinīsīmantoddharaṇahetu⟨1v3⟩r vvasu◯vasudhāgopradaḫ paramabhāgavato mātāpitṛpādānuddhyāta⟨1v4⟩ś ś¿ṛ?⟨r⟩īmahāsudevarājaḥ tosa¡dḍa!⟨ḍḍa⟩bhuktīyaśiv¿i?⟨a⟩liṅgake prati⊔vāsi⟨1v5⟩kuṭumbinas samājñāpayati~

viditam astu vo yathāyaṁ grāma⟨Page 2r⟩⟨2r1⟩s ¡tṛ!⟨tri⟩daśapatisadanasukhapratiṣṭhā⟨ka⟩ro yāvad raviśaśitārākiraṇaprati⟨2r2⟩hataghorāndhakā⟨⟨ra⟩⟩ṁ jagad avatiṣṭhate tāvad upabhogyas sanidhis sopa⊔nidhi⟨2r3⟩r acāṭabha◯⟨⟨ṭa⟩⟩prāveśyas sarvvakaravisarjjita{ḥ}ḫ pratihārabhogillena mātā⟨2r4⟩pitror ātmanaś ca puṇyābhivṛddhaye kātyāyanasagotramādhyandinavāja⟨2r5⟩saneyayajñasvāmi¡naḥ!⟨ne⟩ Adhyarddh¡aṅg!⟨āṁś⟩ena bhāradvājakumāravats¡a Ā!⟨ā⟩tre⟨Page 2v⟩⟨2v1⟩yakāṇvavājasaneyayajñasvāmin¿a?⟨au⟩ pratya¡ṅg!⟨ṁś⟩ena kātyāyanaviśākha⟨2v2⟩svāmikauśikamādhyandinagolasvāmi-Evaṁ-dāmodarasvāmidāmasvāmi⟨2v3⟩bhāradvāja◯pañcālisvāmidīkṣitāyanīkā⟨n⟩ pratyarddh¡aṅg!⟨āṁś⟩ena tā¡mbra!⟨mra⟩śāsa⟨2v4⟩nenātisṛ◯ṣṭo bhūtvāsmābhir anumodit⟦i⟧⟨⟨a⟩⟩ḥ

te yūyam evam upalabhyaiṣā⟨2v5⟩mājñāśravaṇavidheyā bhūtvā yathocitaṁ bhogabhāgam upanayantas sukhaṁ ⟨2v6⟩ prativatsyatha bhaviṣyataś ca bhūmipān anudarśayati

I. Vasantatilakā

dānād viśiṣṭa{~}⟨Page 3r⟩⟨3r1⟩m anupālanajaṁ purāṇā

dharmmeṣu niścitadhiyaḫ pravadanti dharmmaṁ~

tasmā⟨d⟩ dvi⟨3r2⟩jāya suviśuddhakulaśrutāya

dattāṁ bhuvaṁ bhavatu vo matir eva goptu⟨ṁ⟩~

⟨3r3⟩ tad bhavadbhi◯r apy eṣā da⟨t⟩tir anupālayitavyā vyāsagītā⟨ṁ⟩ś cātra ślokān u⟨3r4⟩dāhara◯nti

II. Indravajrā

Agner apatya⟨ṁ⟩ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ~

bhūr vvaiṣṇavī sūryyasu⟨3r5⟩tāś ca gāva⟨ḥ⟩

dattās trayas tena bhava{ṁ}nti lokā

yaẖ kāñcanaṁ gāṁ ca mahī⟨ṁ⟩ ca dadyāT

III. Anuṣṭubh

⟨3r6⟩ ṣaṣṭivarṣasahasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmida⟨ḥ⟩

Ācchettā cānuma{ṁ}ntā ca tā⟨Page 3v⟩⟨3v1⟩ny eva narake vase⟨T⟩

IV. Anuṣṭubh

bahubhir vvasudhā da⟨t⟩tā rājabhis sagarādibhi⟨ḥ⟩

⟨3v2⟩ yasya ya◯sya yadā bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ

V. Anuṣṭubh

svada¡ntā!⟨ttā⟩⟨ṁ⟩ parada¡ntā!⟨ttā⟩⟨ṁ⟩ vā yatnā⟨3v3⟩d rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira

mahīm mah¿i?⟨ī⟩matāñ chreṣṭha ⟨⟨dānā⟩⟩c chreyo ’nupālana¡m!⟨M⟩

¡i!⟨I⟩ti

svamu⟨3v4⟩khā¡gn!⟨jñ⟩ayā ¡saṁvva!⟨saṁva⟩t 7 vaiśākha di 20 6 U¡kt!⟨tk⟩īrṇṇaṁ droṇa(siṅghe)na°

Apparatus

Seal

Plates

⟨1v2⟩ °dhauta° • The shape of the vowel marker for au is slightly irregular, but is the same as in other copperplate charters of the kings of Śarabhapura.

⟨2r2⟩ °āndhakā⟨⟨ra⟩⟩ṁ° • The anusvāra, which should have been placed above the ra, is placed above the kā.

⟨2v2⟩ °kauśika° • The shape of the vowel marker for au is slightly irregular, but is the same as in other copperplate charters of the kings of Śarabhapura. — ⟨2v2⟩ °mādhyandina° ⬦ °m¿a?⟨ā⟩dhyandina° LPP; °mādhyandina° AMS.

⟨3r1⟩ dharmmeṣu ⬦ dharmmeṣu LPP; dha⟨r⟩mmeṣu AMS.

⟨3r6⟩ ṣaṣṭivarṣa° • The corner of the copperplate appears to have been cut off in the process of incising the characters, but the text can still be made out.

⟨3v4⟩ 7 ⬦ 8 LPP; 7 AMS.

Translation by Natasja Bosma

Seal

The permanent charter belongs to the illustrious Sudevarāja, who was born from the moon that was Mānamātra, who was born from the sea that was Prasanna.

Plates

(1v1–1v5) Success! Hail! From Śarabhapura, the illustrious great Sudevarāja whose feet are washed by the sprinkling water that is the brilliance of the crest-jewels on the crests of his feudatories who have been brought into submission by his prowess, who made the women of his enemies tear out their parted hair, who is a giver of riches, land, and cattle, who is entirely devoted to Viṣṇu, and favoured by his father and mother, issues [the following command] to the landholders settled in [the village of] Śivaliṅgaka situated in the Tosaḍḍa bhukti:

(1v5–2v4) Let it be known to you that by means of [this] copperplate charter, this village has been granted on behalf of the pratihāra Bhogilla [and] confirmed by us, for the increase of religious merit of father, mother, and ourselves, to Yajñasvāmin, belonging to the Kātyāyana gotra and to the Vājasaneya-Mādhyandina [school] with a share of one and a half; to Yajñasvāmin, belonging to the Ātreya gotra and the Vājasaneya-Kāṇva [school], and to Kumāravatsa, belonging to the Bhāradvāja gotra, with a share of one each; to the dīkṣita Āyanīka, to Pañcālisvāmin of the Bhāradvāja gotra, to Dāmasvāmin, to Dāmodarasvāmin, just as to Golasvāmin of the Kauśika gotra and the Mādhyandina [school], and to Viśākhasvāmin of the Kātyāyana gotra, with half a share each. [The grant of the village], which leads to happiness and fame in the abode of the lord of the gods (i.e., Indra’s heaven), is to be enjoyed as long as the world will endure, [the world] of which the darkness of the night is removed by the rays of the sun, moon and stars; [comes along with the right to] hidden treasures and deposits; is not to be entered by irregular or regular troops; and is exempt from all taxes.

(2v4–2v6) Having taken note of that, you should be obedient to the command received from them (i.e., the donees) and render the [proper shares of] periodical offerings and produce, while living happily [in this village]. And [the king] instructs the future rulers:

2v6–3r2

The ancients, reflecting on virtue, proclaim that the religious merit arising from the protection [of a grant] is more excellent than [that which arises] from the giving [itself]; therefore, your intent should indeed be to protect the earth that has been granted to a Brahmin of perfectly pure family and religious learning.

(3r3–3r4) This gift is to be protected by you as well! And in this respect they quote the [following] stanzas sung by Vyāsa:

3r4–3r5

Gold is the first child of Agni, land is born of Viṣṇu, and cows are the offspring of Sūrya: [Therefore], whoever would give gold, a cow, and land would give the three worlds.

3r6–3v1

A giver of land rejoices in heaven for sixty thousand years; he who confiscates it or allows [another to confiscate it] will dwell for the same period in hell!

3v1–3v2

The earth has been granted by many kings, beginning with Sagara; whoever possesses the land at any time, to him belong the fruits at that time!

3v2–3v3

O Yudhiṣṭhira, zealously protect the land which was given by yourself or by others! O best of kings, protection is superior to giving!

(3v3–3v4) By the order from the king’s own mouth, [the copperplate charter] has been engraved by Droṇasiṅgha [on] the day 26 [of] the month of Vaiśākha [in] the year 7 [of Sudevarāja’s reign].

Commentary

The seal that belongs to this charter is heavily eroded and the legend is completely worn off. However, based on the traces of some characters, the legend appears to be the same as the one on the seal of Dk00008.

Bibliography

First edited by Pandeya 1935–1936 from the original plates; published again by Shastri 1995, pp. 39–42; re-edited here by Natasja Bosma from the original plates (edition of the seal based on Pandeya).

Primary

[LPP] Pandeya, L. P. 1935–1936. “Arang plates of Mahā-Sudevarāja.” EI 23, pp. 18–22.

[AMS] Shastri, Ajay Mitra. 1995. Inscriptions of the Śarabhapurīyas, Pāṇḍuvaṁśins and Somavaṁśins, Part II: Inscriptions. New Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Motilal Bandarsidass. Pages 39–42.

Secondary

Bosma, Natasja. 2018. Dakṣiṇa Kosala: A rich centre of early Śaivism. Groningen: Barkhuis. [URL]. Pages 16, 52, 235–236.

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<change who="part:nabo" when="2021-02-09" status="draft">Minor alterations</change>

<change who="part:nabo" when="2021-01-23" status="draft">Adding edition and translation</change>

<change who="part:axja" when="2020-11-03" status="draft">Updating toward the encoding template v03</change>

<change who="part:nabo" when="2020-06-14" status="draft">Initial encoding of the file</change>

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<body>

<l n="ab">prasa<unclear>nnārṇṇa</unclear>vasambhū<unclear>ta</unclear>mā<unclear>na</unclear>mātrendujanmana<unclear>ḥ</unclear></l>

<l n="cd">śrīmats<supplied reason="lost">udevarājasya sthiraṁ jagati</supplied> <unclear>śā</unclear>sanaṁ</l>

</lg></div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<p><pb n="1v"/><lb n="1v1"/><g type="spiralR"/> svasti śarabhapurād vikkramopanatasāmantamakuṭacūḍāmaṇiprabhāpra<lb n="1v2" break="no"/>sekāmbudhautapādayuga<space type="descender"/>lo ripuvilāsinīsīmantoddharaṇahetu<lb n="1v3" break="no"/>r vvasu<space type="binding-hole"/>vasudhāgopradaḫ paramabhāgavato mātāpitṛpādānuddhyāta<lb n="1v4" break="no"/>ś ś<choice><sic>ṛ</sic><corr>r</corr></choice>īmahāsudevarājaḥ tosa<choice><orig>dḍa</orig><reg>ḍḍa</reg></choice>bhuktīyaśiv<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>liṅgake prati<space type="descender"/>vāsi<lb n="1v5" break="no"/>kuṭumbinas samājñāpayati<g type="dashDouble"/></p> <p>viditam astu vo yathāyaṁ grāma<pb n="2r" break="no"/><lb n="2r1" break="no"/>s <choice><orig>tṛ</orig><reg>tri</reg></choice>daśapatisadanasukhapratiṣṭhā<supplied reason="omitted">ka</supplied>ro yāvad raviśaśitārākiraṇaprati<lb n="2r2" break="no"/>hataghorāndhakā<add place="below" rend="mark">ra</add>ṁ jagad avatiṣṭhate tāvad upabhogyas sanidhis sopa<space type="descender"/>nidhi<lb n="2r3" break="no"/>r acāṭabha<space type="binding-hole"/><add place="below">ṭa</add>prāveśyas sarvvakaravisarjjita<surplus>ḥ</surplus>ḫ pratihārabhogillena mātā<lb n="2r4" break="no"/>pitror ātmanaś ca puṇyābhivṛddhaye kātyāyanasagotramādhyandinavāja<lb n="2r5" break="no"/>saneyayajñasvāmi<choice><orig>naḥ</orig><reg>ne</reg></choice> Adhyarddh<choice><orig>aṅg</orig><reg>āṁś</reg></choice>ena bhāradvājakumāravats<choice><orig>a Ā</orig><reg>ā</reg></choice>tre<pb n="2v" break="no"/><lb n="2v1" break="no"/>yakāṇvavājasaneyayajñasvāmin<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>au</corr></choice> pratya<choice><orig>ṅg</orig><reg>ṁś</reg></choice>ena kātyāyanaviśākha<lb n="2v2" break="no"/>svāmikauśikamādhyandinagolasvāmi-Evaṁ-dāmodarasvāmidāmasvāmi<lb n="2v3" break="no"/>bhāradvāja<space type="binding-hole"/>pañcālisvāmidīkṣitāyanīkā<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied> pratyarddh<choice><orig>aṅg</orig><reg>āṁś</reg></choice>ena tā<choice><orig>mbra</orig><reg>mra</reg></choice>śāsa<lb n="2v4" break="no"/>nenātisṛ<space type="binding-hole"/>ṣṭo bhūtvāsmābhir anumodit<subst><del>i</del><add place="overstrike">a</add></subst>ḥ</p> <p>te yūyam evam upalabhyaiṣā<lb n="2v5" break="no"/>mājñāśravaṇavidheyā bhūtvā yathocitaṁ bhogabhāgam upanayantas sukhaṁ <lb n="2v6"/>prativatsyatha bhaviṣyataś ca bhūmipān anudarśayati</p>

<l n="a">dānād viśiṣṭa<surplus><g type="dashDouble"/></surplus><pb n="3r" break="no"/><lb n="3r1" break="no"/>m anupālanajaṁ purāṇā</l>

<l n="b">dharmmeṣu niścitadhiyaḫ pravadanti dharmmaṁ<g type="dashDouble"/></l>

<l n="c">tasmā<supplied reason="omitted">d</supplied> dvi<lb n="3r2" break="no"/>jāya suviśuddhakulaśrutāya</l>

<l n="d">dattāṁ bhuvaṁ bhavatu vo matir eva goptu<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied><g type="dashDouble"/></l></lg>

<p><lb n="3r3"/>tad bhavadbhi<space type="binding-hole"/>r apy eṣā da<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>tir anupālayitavyā vyāsagītā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied>ś cātra ślokān u<lb n="3r4" break="no"/>dāhara<space type="binding-hole"/>nti</p>

<l n="a">Agner apatya<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ<g type="dashDouble"/></l>

<l n="b">bhūr vvaiṣṇavī sūryyasu<lb n="3r5" break="no"/>tāś ca gāva<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>

<l n="c">dattās trayas tena bhava<surplus>ṁ</surplus>nti lokā</l>

<l n="d">yaẖ kāñcanaṁ gāṁ ca mahī<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> ca dadyāT</l></lg>

<l n="ab"><lb n="3r6"/>ṣaṣṭivarṣasahasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmida<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>

<l n="cd">Ācchettā cānuma<surplus>ṁ</surplus>ntā ca tā<pb n="3v" break="no"/><lb n="3v1" break="no"/>ny eva narake vase<supplied reason="omitted">T</supplied></l></lg>

<l n="ab">bahubhir vvasudhā da<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>tā rājabhis sagarādibhi<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>

<l n="cd"><lb n="3v2"/>yasya ya<space type="binding-hole"/>sya yadā bhūmi<supplied reason="omitted">s</supplied> tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ</l></lg>

<l n="ab">svada<choice><orig>ntā</orig><reg>ttā</reg></choice><supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> parada<choice><orig>ntā</orig><reg>ttā</reg></choice><supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> vā yatnā<lb n="3v3" break="no"/>d rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira</l>

<l n="cd">mahīm mah<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>matāñ chreṣṭha <add place="below" rend="mark">dānā</add>c chreyo 'nupālana<choice><orig>m</orig><reg>M</reg></choice></l></lg>

<p>svamu<lb n="3v4" break="no"/>khā<choice><orig>gn</orig><reg>jñ</reg></choice>ayā <choice><orig>saṁvva</orig><reg>saṁva</reg></choice>t <num value="7">7</num> vaiśākha di <num value="26">20 6</num> U<choice><orig>kt</orig><reg>tk</reg></choice>īrṇṇaṁ droṇa<unclear>siṅghe</unclear>na<g type="dotTriangle"/></p>

</div></div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<lem>°dhauta°</lem>

<note>The shape of the vowel marker for <foreign>au</foreign> is slightly irregular, but is the same as in other copperplate charters of the kings of Śarabhapura.</note>

</app>

<lem>°āndhakā<add place="below" rend="mark">ra</add>ṁ°</lem>

<note>The <foreign>anusvāra</foreign>, which should have been placed above the <foreign>ra</foreign>, is placed above the <foreign>kā</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem>°kauśika°</lem>

<note>The shape of the vowel marker for <foreign>au</foreign> is slightly irregular, but is the same as in other copperplate charters of the kings of Śarabhapura.</note>

</app>

<lem>°mādhyandina°</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Pandeya1935-1936_01">°m<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>dhyandina°</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">°mādhyandina°</rdg>

</app>

<lem>dharmmeṣu</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Pandeya1935-1936_01">dharmmeṣu</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">dha<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>mmeṣu</rdg>

</app>

<lem>ṣaṣṭivarṣa°</lem>

<note>The corner of the copperplate appears to have been cut off in the process of incising the characters, but the text can still be made out.</note>

</app>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

<p>The permanent charter belongs to the illustrious Sudevarāja, who was born from the moon that was Mānamātra, who was born from the sea that was Prasanna.</p></div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<p n="1v1-1v5">Success! Hail! From Śarabhapura, the illustrious great Sudevarāja whose feet are washed by the sprinkling water that is the brilliance of the crest-jewels on the crests of his feudatories who have been brought into submission by his prowess, who made the women of his enemies tear out their parted hair, who is a giver of riches, land, and cattle, who is entirely devoted to Viṣṇu, and favoured by his father and mother, issues <supplied reason="subaudible">the following command</supplied> to the landholders settled in <supplied reason="subaudible">the village of</supplied> Śivaliṅgaka situated in the Tosaḍḍa <foreign>bhukti</foreign>:</p>

<p n="1v5-2v4">Let it be known to you that by means of <supplied reason="subaudible">this</supplied> copperplate charter, this village has been granted on behalf of the <foreign>pratihāra</foreign> Bhogilla <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> confirmed by us, for the increase of religious merit of father, mother, and ourselves, to Yajñasvāmin, belonging to the Kātyāyana <foreign>gotra</foreign> and to the Vājasaneya-Mādhyandina <supplied reason="subaudible">school</supplied> with a share of one and a half; to Yajñasvāmin, belonging to the Ātreya <foreign>gotra</foreign> and the Vājasaneya-Kāṇva <supplied reason="subaudible">school</supplied>, and to Kumāravatsa, belonging to the Bhāradvāja <foreign>gotra</foreign>, with a share of one each; to the <foreign>dīkṣita</foreign> Āyanīka, to Pañcālisvāmin of the Bhāradvāja <foreign>gotra</foreign>, to Dāmasvāmin, to Dāmodarasvāmin, just as to Golasvāmin of the Kauśika <foreign>gotra</foreign> and the Mādhyandina <supplied reason="subaudible">school</supplied>, and to Viśākhasvāmin of the Kātyāyana <foreign>gotra</foreign>, with half a share each. <supplied reason="subaudible">The grant of the village</supplied>, which leads to happiness and fame in the abode of the lord of the gods <supplied reason="explanation">i.e., Indra’s heaven</supplied>, is to be enjoyed as long as the world will endure, <supplied reason="subaudible">the world</supplied> of which the darkness of the night is removed by the rays of the sun, moon and stars; <supplied reason="subaudible">comes along with the right to</supplied> hidden treasures and deposits; is not to be entered by irregular or regular troops; and is exempt from all taxes.</p>

<p n="2v4-2v6">Having taken note of that, you should be obedient to the command received from them <supplied reason="explanation">i.e., the donees</supplied> and render the <supplied reason="subaudible">proper shares of</supplied> periodical offerings and produce, while living happily <supplied reason="subaudible">in this village</supplied>. And <supplied reason="subaudible">the king</supplied> instructs the future rulers:</p>

<p n="2v6-3r2" rend="stanza">The ancients, reflecting on virtue, proclaim that the religious merit arising from the protection <supplied reason="subaudible">of a grant</supplied> is more excellent than <supplied reason="subaudible">that which arises</supplied> from the giving <supplied reason="subaudible">itself</supplied>; therefore, your intent should indeed be to protect the earth that has been granted to a Brahmin of perfectly pure family and religious learning.</p>

<p n="3r3-3r4">This gift is to be protected by you as well! And in this respect they quote the <supplied reason="subaudible">following</supplied> stanzas sung by Vyāsa:</p>

<p n="3r4-3r5" rend="stanza">Gold is the first child of Agni, land is born of Viṣṇu, and cows are the offspring of Sūrya: <supplied reason="subaudible">Therefore</supplied>, whoever would give gold, a cow, and land would give the three worlds.</p>

<p n="3r6-3v1" rend="stanza">A giver of land rejoices in heaven for sixty thousand years; he who confiscates it or allows <supplied reason="subaudible">another to confiscate it</supplied> will dwell for the same period in hell!</p>

<p n="3v1-3v2" rend="stanza">The earth has been granted by many kings, beginning with Sagara; whoever possesses the land at any time, to him belong the fruits at that time!</p>

<p n="3v2-3v3" rend="stanza">O Yudhiṣṭhira, zealously protect the land which was given by yourself or by others! O best of kings, protection is superior to giving!</p>

<p n="3v3-3v4">By the order from the king’s own mouth, <supplied reason="subaudible">the copperplate charter</supplied> has been engraved by Droṇasiṅgha <supplied reason="subaudible">on</supplied> the day 26 <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> the month of Vaiśākha <supplied reason="subaudible">in</supplied> the year 7 <supplied reason="subaudible">of Sudevarāja's reign</supplied>.</p></div></div>

<p>The seal that belongs to this charter is heavily eroded and the legend is completely worn off. However, based on the traces of some characters, the legend appears to be the same as the one on the seal of <ref target="DHARMA_INSDk00008.xml">Dk00008</ref>.</p>

</div>

<p>First edited by Pandeya <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Pandeya1935-1936_01"/></bibl> from the original plates; published again by Shastri <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Shastri1995_02"/><citedRange>39-42</citedRange></bibl>; re-edited here by Natasja Bosma from the original plates (edition of the seal based on Pandeya).</p>

</bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

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