Stela of Prasat Pram (K. 1431), 608 Śaka
Editors: Kunthea Chhom, Dominic Goodall, Chhunteng Hun.
Identifier: DHARMA_INSCIK01431.
Languages: Old Khmer, Sanskrit.
Repository: Khmer (tfc-khmer-epigraphy).
Version: (9aa28ea), last modified (cfb568b).
Edition
Face
I. Anuṣṭubh
⟨A1⟩ ⟨Column a⟩jayaty ajo bhavo bhūta-
a⟨Column b⟩-bhāvano bhagavān vibhuḥ
b⟨A2⟩ ⟨Column a⟩prabhur ekānta-durvodha-
c⟨Column b⟩-mahimā jagad-¡i!⟨ī⟩śvaraḥ||
dII. Anuṣṭubh
⟨A3⟩ ⟨Column a⟩Asti somānvaya-nabha⟨Column b⟩s-
a-saṁpūrṇṇa-nr̥pa-śītaguḥ
b⟨A4⟩ ⟨Column a⟩guṇāṅ(ś)ubhir vudho(d)dāma-
c⟨Column b⟩-kumudāhlādadodayaḥ||
dIII. Anuṣṭubh
⟨A5⟩ ⟨Column a⟩gamitāyojanādhvāna⟨Column b⟩m
ai¿pu?⟨ṣū⟩ṇāṁ vāhu-vīryyataḥ
b⟨A6⟩ ⟨Column a⟩kṣmendraḥ kali-malālepa-
c⟨Column b⟩-kṣālanād iva dūrataḥ||
dIV. Anuṣṭubh
⟨A7⟩ ⟨Column a⟩(d)evo ’cyuta-maheśānā⟨Column b⟩dy-
a-amara-sthāna-dhāmabhiḥ
b⟨A8⟩ ⟨Column a⟩śālāśramaiḥ puraṁ rājā
c⟨Column b⟩tri-viṣṭapam ivākarot·[||]
dV. Anuṣṭubh
⟨A9⟩ ⟨Column a⟩śrīmān· śrījayavarmmeti
a⟨Column b⟩śakropendra-parākramaḥ
b⟨A10⟩ ⟨Column a⟩nr̥po ’bhūt bhūmi-rājy(īva)
c⟨Column b⟩mastaka-nyasta-śāsanaḥ(||)
dVI. Anuṣṭubh
⟨A11⟩ ⟨Column a⟩tasyājñayā sadā puṇya-
a⟨Column b⟩-deva-śālāśrameṣu yat·
b⟨A12⟩ ⟨Column a⟩saṁpāditaṁ prasiddhan tat·
c⟨Column b⟩yajvabhir vasu sarvataḥ||
dVII. Anuṣṭubh
⟨A13⟩ ⟨Column a⟩vimukta-pattana-grāme
a⟨Column b⟩jñānacandrena yajvanā
b⟨A14⟩ ⟨Column a⟩(puṇyāś)rame dhanaṁ dattam·
c⟨Column b⟩kṣetrabhr̥tya(dra?)vādi yat·||
dVIII. Anuṣṭubh
⟨A15⟩ ⟨Column a⟩tatretara-pradānañ ca
a⟨Column b⟩yac ca puṇyam· samāśritam·
b⟨A16⟩ ⟨Column a⟩(A)cālinīyam ity eha
c⟨Column b⟩nr̥pājñā sarvadā nr̥bhiḥ@||
dIX. Anuṣṭubh
⟨A17⟩ ⟨Column a⟩vratād vyayayuktānā(ṁ)
a⟨Column b⟩yoginām atra sarvadā
b⟨A18⟩ ⟨Column a⟩bhuktir āśrama-sad-vittā⟨Column b⟩ny
cahāryyāni valād itaḥ||
dX. Anuṣṭubh
⟨A19⟩ ⟨Column a⟩nr̥pājñāṁ laṅghaya(nti y)e
a⟨Column b⟩daṇ¡d!⟨ḍ⟩itās te ’pi doṣataḥ
b⟨A20⟩ ⟨Column a⟩gacchanti narakān pretya
c⟨Column b⟩rauravādīn aśeṣataḥ||
dXI. Anuṣṭubh
⟨A21⟩ ⟨Column a⟩(ṣa)[ccha](te)nāṣṭa-sahite-
a⟨Column b⟩(na la)kṣye śaka-vatsare
b⟨A22⟩ ⟨Column a⟩likhitā praśa(sta)-lekhā
c⟨Column b⟩tiṣṭhanty ā bhūta-samplavāt·[||]
dFace
⟨B1⟩ Aṣṭottaraṣacchataśakaparigraha moy· roc· mārgga⟨B2⟩śīrṣa puṣyanakṣatra śukradivasavāra Ai kanloṅ· pura⟨B3⟩ndarapura Ājñā vraḥ kamratāṅ· Āñ· ni gi Āśrama ⟨B4⟩ poñ· jñānacandra ta Āy· Acimuktapattana doṅ· gi ⟨B5⟩ Āśrama cram· pandamma doṅ· gan· Āśrama smaṁ ta ⟨B6⟩ gi phoṅṅa ta saṁ paribhoga ta gi Aṁpal· gan· dra⟨B7⟩vyopakarana ta nai gi doṅ· gan· pradāna qnak· phoṅ· ta ⟨B8⟩ gi daṁnepra gi sre santan· sre poñ· vidyāśānti sre ◯ ⟨B9⟩ poñ· dharmmacandra sre Ajidinayya sre poñ· de⟨B10⟩vasiddha doṅ· gi sre cok· sudatta doṅ· gi sre ⟨B11⟩ Āśrama craṁ pandam· sre vnaṁ (d)rucc(a) sre cok· vrāl· sre Aṁ⟨B12⟩voh· gi sre cok· ran·si sre cok· vradāṅṅa doṅ· ga⟨B13⟩n· dāsa dāsi go majiṣa kṣetrārāma ta ¿n?⟨d⟩ai gi ⟨B14⟩ phoṅ· gi tel· prasiddha Ai ta gi Āśrama gi jon· ⟨B15⟩ cmaṁ vṅe moyya Ai ta vraḥ kamratāṅ· Añ· śrī nirmānaja⟨B16⟩ya gi voṁ jānā qnak· gr̥(ha)s(tha) pramāna ta gi srac· ⟨B17⟩ ta paṁnos· mahātma ge ta (p)r(e) roḥ gi ge (ce)r· Ājñā ⟨B18⟩ vraḥ kamratāṅ· Añ· [ge] (daṇ)¡d!⟨ḍ⟩(a) ⁋
Translation by Dominic Goodall
I
The unborn (ajaḥ) Bhava is victorious (jayati), who brings creatures into existence (bhūtabhāvanaḥ), the Lord (bhagavān), immanent (vibhuḥ), all-powerful (prabhuḥ), whose greatness is utterly incomprehensible (ekāntadurbodhamahimā), the Lord of the Universe.
II
There is, in the sky that is the lunar lineage, a fulsome Mercury among kings, as refulgent as Mercury (budhoddāma°) with the rays that were his virtues (guṇāṁśubhiḥ) and taking birth from the one who gives delight to water-lilies (kumudāhlādadodayaḥ).
III
An Indra upon earth (kṣmendraḥ) since he washes away the great stain of Kali (kalimahālepakṣālanāt), as it were (iva), from afar (dūrataḥ) with his arrows (iṣūṇāṁ), which he causes to traverse a distance of a Yojanā (gamitāyojanādhvānām), because of the strength of his arms (bāhuvīryataḥ).
IV
The king created the city with pavilions and hermitages as if the god [Brahmā created] the three worlds with the abodes of Viṣṇu, Śiva and eternal demi-gods.
V
The glorious Śrī Jayavarman, equal in valour to Indra and Viṣṇu, became king, as though he possessed the [entire] earth as his kingdom, his commands borne on the heads [of his subjects].
VI
By his command, whatever (yat) wealth (vasu) is furnished (sampāditam) for meritorious temples of gods and monasteries by patrons (yajvabhiḥ), that is invariably proclaimed [so that may be universally known and thus inviolable] in its entirety (sarvataḥ).
VII–VIII
What money, fields, slaves, wealth and the like has been given to the village [called] Vimuktapattana, a resort of merit (puṇyāśrame) by the patron/founder Jñānacandra, as well as (ca) whatever (yat) further gifts (itarapradānam) that are meritorious (puṇyam) are made to that [village] (tatra), — [all of] that (eha= etat) is not to be moved (acālinīyam = acālanīyam?) by men (nr̥bhiḥ) for all time (sarvadā). Thus (iti) is the command of the king (nr̥pājñā).
IX
[There is to be] usufruct (bhaktiḥ) at all times (sarvadā) by the yogins [who live] here (atra) who have expenses (vyayayuktānām) as a result of their religious observances (vratāt). The true wealth of the āśrama (āśramasadvittāni) is not to be taken away from here (itaḥ) by force (balāt).
X
Those who transgress the king’s command, even if (api) they are [first] punished for their fault, will [also] to all (aśeṣataḥ) the hells, beginning with Raurava, after they die.
XI
In the śaka year distinguished by 600 together with eight, the written composition of [this eulogy] stands up to the destruction of [all] creatures.
Translation by Kunthea Chhom
(B1–B17) Six hundred and eight śaka, first day of dark fortnight of the month of Mārggaśīrṣa, constellation of Puṣya, Friday, at the palace Purandarapura, charter of My Lord :
- The hermitage of Poñ Jñānacandra which was at Acimuktapattana, and the hermitage Cram Pandam together with the group of hermitages including the people attached to them share their means of subsistence as well as all of the wealth belonging to them.
- The donations of the people consist chiefly of paddy field of Santan, paddy field of Poñ Vidyāśānti, paddy field of Poñ Dharmmacandra, paddy field of Ajidinayya, paddy field of Poñ Devasiddha, and paddy field of Cok Sudatta as well as paddy field of Āśrama Craṁ Pandam, paddy field of Vnaṁ Drucca, paddy field of Cok Vrāl, paddy field of Aṁvoh.
- Paddy field of Cok Ransi, paddy field of Cok Vradāṅṅa together with male and female servants, cows, buffaloes, and other paddy fields and parks are assigned to the hermitage.
- A keeper of flower which [have been offered] to My Lord Śrī Nirmānajaya cannot be taken (jānā?) by the laymen of that district from the great soul priest.
(B17–B18) May people act according to this [charter]! Those who flout the charter of My Lord, are punished.
Bibliography
Edited preliminarily by Dominic Goodall, Chhunteng Hun and Kunthea Chhom based on the photos IMG 3392.jpg and IMG 3397.jpg.
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<lg n="1" met="anuṣṭubh" xml:lang="san-Latn">
<l n="a" enjamb="yes"><lb n="A1"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/>jayaty ajo bhavo bhūta</l>
<l n="b"><milestone unit="column" n="b"/>-bhāvano bhagavān vibhuḥ</l>
<l n="c" enjamb="yes"><lb n="A2"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/>prabhur ekānta-durvodha</l>
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<l n="b">-saṁpūrṇṇa-nr̥pa-śītaguḥ</l>
<l n="c" enjamb="yes"><lb n="A4"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/>guṇāṅ<unclear>ś</unclear>ubhir vudho<unclear>d</unclear>dāma</l>
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<l n="b">i<choice><sic>pu</sic><corr>ṣū</corr></choice>ṇāṁ vāhu-vīryyataḥ</l>
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<l n="b">-amara-sthāna-dhāmabhiḥ</l>
<l n="c"><lb n="A8"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/>śālāśramaiḥ puraṁ rājā</l>
<l n="d"><milestone unit="column" n="b"/>tri-viṣṭapam ivākarot·<supplied reason="lost"><g type="ddanda">.</g></supplied></l>
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<l n="b"><milestone unit="column" n="b"/>-deva-śālāśrameṣu yat·</l>
<l n="c"><lb n="A12"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/>saṁpāditaṁ prasiddhan tat·</l>
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<l n="b"><milestone unit="column" n="b"/>jñānacandrena yajvanā</l>
<l n="c"><lb n="A14"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/><unclear>puṇyāś</unclear>rame dhanaṁ dattam·</l>
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<lb n="B1"/>Aṣṭottaraṣacchataśakaparigraha moy· roc· mārgga<lb n="B2" break="no"/>śīrṣa puṣyanakṣatra śukradivasavāra Ai kanloṅ· pura<lb n="B3" break="no"/>ndarapura Ājñā vraḥ kamratāṅ· Āñ· ni gi Āśrama
<lb n="B4"/>poñ· jñānacandra ta Āy· Acimuktapattana doṅ· gi
<lb n="B5"/>Āśrama cram· pandamma doṅ· gan· Āśrama smaṁ ta
<lb n="B6"/>gi phoṅṅa ta saṁ paribhoga ta gi Aṁpal· gan· dra<lb n="B7" break="no"/>vyopakarana ta nai gi doṅ· gan· pradāna qnak· phoṅ· ta
<lb n="B8"/>gi daṁnepra gi sre santan· sre poñ· vidyāśānti sre <g type="circleSmall">.</g>
<lb n="B9"/>poñ· dharmmacandra sre Ajidinayya sre poñ· de<lb n="B10" break="no"/>vasiddha doṅ· gi sre cok· sudatta doṅ· gi sre
<lb n="B11"/>Āśrama craṁ pandam· sre vnaṁ <unclear>d</unclear>rucc<unclear>a</unclear> sre cok· vrāl· sre Aṁ<lb n="B12" break="no"/>voh· gi sre cok· ran·si sre cok· vradāṅṅa doṅ· ga<lb n="B13" break="no"/>n· dāsa dāsi go majiṣa kṣetrārāma ta <choice><sic>n</sic><corr>d</corr></choice>ai gi
<lb n="B14"/>phoṅ· gi tel· prasiddha Ai ta gi Āśrama gi jon·
<lb n="B15"/>cmaṁ vṅe moyya Ai ta vraḥ kamratāṅ· Añ· śrī nirmānaja<lb n="B16" break="no"/>ya gi voṁ jānā qnak· gr̥<unclear>ha</unclear>s<unclear>tha</unclear> pramāna ta gi srac·
<lb n="B17"/>ta paṁnos· mahātma ge ta <unclear>p</unclear>r<unclear>e</unclear> roḥ gi ge <unclear>ce</unclear>r· Ājñā
<lb n="B18" style="text-align: center"/>vraḥ kamratāṅ· Añ· <supplied reason="lost">ge</supplied> <unclear>daṇ</unclear><choice><orig>d</orig><reg>ḍ</reg></choice><unclear>a</unclear> <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- <div type="apparatus">
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<app loc="1">
<lem></lem>
<rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01"></rdg>
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<div type="translation" resp="part:dogo">
<p rend="stanza" n="1">The unborn <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ajaḥ</foreign></supplied> Bhava is victorious <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>jayati</foreign></supplied>, who brings creatures into existence <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>bhūtabhāvanaḥ</foreign></supplied>, the Lord <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>bhagavān</foreign></supplied>, immanent <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vibhuḥ</foreign></supplied>, all-powerful <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>prabhuḥ</foreign></supplied>, whose greatness is utterly incomprehensible <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ekāntadurbodhamahimā</foreign></supplied>, the Lord of the Universe.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="2">There is, in the sky that is the lunar lineage, a fulsome Mercury among kings, as refulgent as Mercury <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>budhoddāma°</foreign></supplied> with the rays that were his virtues <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>guṇāṁśubhiḥ</foreign></supplied> and taking birth from the one who gives delight to water-lilies <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kumudāhlādadodayaḥ</foreign></supplied>.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="3">An Indra upon earth <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kṣmendraḥ</foreign></supplied> since he washes away the great stain of Kali <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kalimahālepakṣālanāt</foreign></supplied>, as it were <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iva</foreign></supplied>, from afar <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>dūrataḥ</foreign></supplied> with his arrows <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iṣūṇāṁ</foreign></supplied>, which he causes to traverse a distance of a Yojanā <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>gamitāyojanādhvānām</foreign></supplied>, because of the strength of his arms <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>bāhuvīryataḥ</foreign></supplied>.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="4">The king created the city with pavilions and hermitages as if the god <supplied reason="subaudible">Brahmā created</supplied> the three worlds with the abodes of Viṣṇu, Śiva and eternal demi-gods.</p><!-- kuch: Preliminarily translated by kuch. -->
<p rend="stanza" n="5">The glorious Śrī Jayavarman, equal in valour to Indra and Viṣṇu, became king, as though he possessed the <supplied reason="subaudible">entire</supplied> earth as his kingdom, his commands borne on the heads <supplied reason="subaudible">of his subjects</supplied>.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="6">By his command, whatever <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>yat</foreign></supplied> wealth <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vasu</foreign></supplied> is furnished <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>sampāditam</foreign></supplied> for meritorious temples of gods and monasteries by patrons <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>yajvabhiḥ</foreign></supplied>, that is invariably proclaimed <supplied reason="subaudible">so that may be universally known and thus inviolable</supplied> in its entirety <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>sarvataḥ</foreign></supplied>.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="7-8">What money, fields, slaves, wealth and the like has been given to the village <supplied reason="subaudible">called</supplied> Vimuktapattana, a resort of merit <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>puṇyāśrame</foreign></supplied> by the patron/founder Jñānacandra, as well as <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ca</foreign></supplied> whatever <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>yat</foreign></supplied> further gifts <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>itarapradānam</foreign></supplied> that are meritorious <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>puṇyam</foreign></supplied> are made to that <supplied reason="subaudible">village</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tatra</foreign></supplied>, — <supplied reason="subaudible">all of</supplied> that <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>eha= etat</foreign></supplied> is not to be moved <supplied reason="explanation" cert="low"><foreign>acālinīyam = acālanīyam</foreign></supplied> by men <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nr̥bhiḥ</foreign></supplied> for all time <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>sarvadā</foreign></supplied>. Thus <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iti</foreign></supplied> is the command of the king <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nr̥pājñā</foreign></supplied>.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="9"><supplied reason="subaudible">There is to be</supplied> usufruct <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>bhaktiḥ</foreign></supplied> at all times <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>sarvadā</foreign></supplied> by the yogins <supplied reason="subaudible">who live</supplied> here <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>atra</foreign></supplied> who have expenses <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vyayayuktānām</foreign></supplied> as a result of their religious observances <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vratāt</foreign></supplied>. The true wealth of the <foreign>āśrama</foreign> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āśramasadvittāni</foreign></supplied> is not to be taken away from here <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>itaḥ</foreign></supplied> by force <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>balāt</foreign></supplied>.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="10">Those who transgress the king's command, even if <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>api</foreign></supplied> they are <supplied reason="subaudible">first</supplied> punished for their fault, will <supplied reason="subaudible">also</supplied> to all <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>aśeṣataḥ</foreign></supplied> the hells, beginning with Raurava, after they die.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="11">In the <foreign>śaka</foreign> year distinguished by 600 together with eight, the written composition of <supplied reason="subaudible">this eulogy</supplied> stands up to the destruction of <supplied reason="subaudible">all</supplied> creatures.</p>
</div>
<div type="translation" resp="part:kuch">
<p n="B1-B17">Six hundred and eight śaka, first day of dark fortnight of the month of Mārggaśīrṣa, constellation of Puṣya, Friday, at the palace Purandarapura, charter of My Lord :
<list>
<item>The hermitage of Poñ Jñānacandra which was at Acimuktapattana, and the hermitage Cram Pandam together with the group of hermitages including the people attached to them share their means of subsistence as well as all of the wealth belonging to them.</item>
<item>The donations of the people consist chiefly of paddy field of Santan, paddy field of Poñ Vidyāśānti, paddy field of Poñ Dharmmacandra, paddy field of Ajidinayya, paddy field of Poñ Devasiddha, and paddy field of Cok Sudatta as well as paddy field of Āśrama Craṁ Pandam, paddy field of Vnaṁ Drucca, paddy field of Cok Vrāl, paddy field of Aṁvoh.</item>
<item>Paddy field of Cok Ransi, paddy field of Cok Vradāṅṅa together with male and female servants, cows, buffaloes, and other paddy fields and parks are assigned to the hermitage.</item>
<item>A keeper of flower which <supplied reason="subaudible">have been offered</supplied> to My Lord Śrī Nirmānajaya cannot be taken <supplied reason="explanation" cert="low"><foreign>jānā</foreign></supplied> by the laymen of that district from the great soul priest.</item>
</list>
</p>
<p n="B17-B18">May people act according to this <supplied reason="subaudible">charter</supplied>! Those who flout the charter of My Lord, are punished.</p>
</div>
<div type="commentary">
<p n="A4">Regarding the term <foreign>kumudāhlādadodayaḥ</foreign>, the letter <foreign>da</foreign> of -<foreign>do</foreign>- looks like a <foreign>na</foreign>.</p>
<p n="A10">The term <foreign>bhūmirājyī</foreign> is taken as nominative of <foreign>bhūmirājyin</foreign>, but the form is odd and the reading may not be correct.</p>
<!-- <p n="A16">Dogo: ity eha definitely seems wrong. Perhaps I have misread it. But the previous word seems wrong too, so perhaps the lapicide's attention slipped here. We could repair, as proposed in the translation, to acālanīyam ity etan, or perhaps to: acālanīyam ity evam.</p> -->
<!-- <p n="A21">Dogo: If the first half is correctly transcribed, then there is a weird metrical infraction, since the na of the instrumental of @sahitena should definitely not fall in pāda b !!</p> -->
</div>
<div type="bibliography">
<p>Edited preliminarily by Dominic Goodall, Chhunteng Hun and Kunthea Chhom based on the photos IMG 3392.jpg and IMG 3397.jpg.</p>
<listBibl type="primary">
<bibl n="..">
</bibl>
</listBibl>
</div>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
Commentary
(A4) Regarding the term kumudāhlādadodayaḥ, the letter da of -do- looks like a na.
(A10) The term bhūmirājyī is taken as nominative of bhūmirājyin, but the form is odd and the reading may not be correct.