Stela at Ta Keo Museum (K. 1235), 549 Śaka
Editors: Kunthea Chhom, Dominic Goodall.
Identifier: DHARMA_INSCIK01235.
Language: Sanskrit.
Repository: Khmer (tfc-khmer-epigraphy).
Version: (ad5ad7e), last modified (25c6f3e).
Edition
I. Anuṣṭubh
⟨1⟩ ⟨Column a⟩[⏓⏓⏓⏓] mataiśvaryya
a⟨Column b⟩pradāna-prabhur ī(ś)varaḥ
b⟨Column c⟩dhāryyate jagad aṣṭābhi⟨Column d⟩r
ca(ś)eṣaṁ yasya mūrttibhiḥ
dII. Anuṣṭubh
⟨2⟩ ⟨Column a⟩[Āsī]d aśeṣa-bhūpāla
a⟨Column b⟩-mastakār(p)pi(ta)śāsanaḥ
b⟨Column c⟩rājā śrīśānavarmmeti
c⟨Column d⟩yaśasām eka-bhājanam·
dIII. Anuṣṭubh
⟨3⟩ ⟨Column a⟩[tap](ta-ru)gmam ivātyarttha⟨Column b⟩m
aaśobhata yaśodhanaḥ
b⟨Column c⟩Anvaye yo jagadvyāpi
c⟨Column d⟩yaśasām avanībhujām·
dIV. Anuṣṭubh
⟨4⟩ ⟨Column a⟩U(da)dhi-traya-paryyanta⟨Column b⟩m
aekacchatra-vataṁsitam·
b⟨Column c⟩yasya pratapatas samya⟨Column d⟩g
cabhūd avanimaṇdalam·
dV. Anuṣṭubh
⟨5⟩ ⟨Column a⟩Ā[k]r[ṣ]̥(ṭo) yena mahata⟨Column b⟩ẖ
akārmukasya na kevalam·
b⟨Column c⟩dilīpasyāpi rājarṣe⟨Column d⟩r
casamaf prathito guṇaḥ
dVI. Anuṣṭubh
⟨6⟩ ⟨Column a⟩(ma)yy eva rūpasaṁpatti⟨Column b⟩r
aiti rūḍhām ahaṅkr̥tim·
b⟨Column c⟩Atyajan madano manye
c⟨Column d⟩vapuṣmantam avekṣya [yam·]
dVII. Anuṣṭubh
⟨7⟩ ⟨Column a⟩[te]na rājādhirājena
a⟨Column b⟩pratha(ma)[ẖ kr̥ta]vedinām·
b⟨Column c⟩sarvvāsv adhikr̥to bhr̥tya
c⟨Column d⟩Itikarttavyatāsu ya[ḥ]
dVIII. Anuṣṭubh
⟨8⟩ ⟨Column a⟩(l)[i](khi)to j(i)taśāstrā(ṇā)ṁ
a⟨Column b⟩dhuri yaẖ k(a)vivādinām·
b⟨Column c⟩vidyāviśeṣanāmābhū⟨Column d⟩d
cācāryyo guru-vatsal[aḥ]
dIX. Anuṣṭubh
⟨9⟩ ⟨Column a⟩[ga](ṇi)te bde śakendr(a)[sya]
a⟨Column b⟩dvā[rā]mbhonidhi-sāyakaiḥ
b⟨Column c⟩tena setur ayaṃ vaddha⟨Column d⟩s
csaṅkramadvayakuṇdal[aḥ]
dX. Anuṣṭubh
⟨10⟩ ⟨Column a⟩[kr̥te] pu(ṇ)y(ā)dhik[āre ’smi⟨Column b⟩n]-
asa yajvā tena bhūbhujā
b⟨Column c⟩tamandarapurasvāmi
c⟨Column d⟩-bhojakatve niyoji[ta](ḥ)
dApparatus
⟨1⟩ aśeṣaṁ • It is probably an abrasion of the stone that leads one at first blush to read ageṣaṁ.
⟨3⟩ [tap](taru)gmam ivātyarttha • Before rugmam, we can see the lower part of what could be a ligature t: it would therefore be possible to restore [tap](taru)gmam.
⟨7⟩ [ẖ kr̥ta]vedinām· • For this restitution, see notes to the translation. The syllables in square brackets here are totally obliterated by damage to the stone.
⟨10⟩ [kr̥te] pu(ṇ)y(ā)dhik[āre smi] • The restored portions are restituted with the help of stanza XV of K. 604, which is almost identical to the present stanza. The present stanza confirms in turn that it is indeed puṇyādhikāre that one must read in K. 604, XVa!
Translation by Goodall 2019
I
[May He] whose eight forms support the entire universe, the Lord, who possesses the power to accord the [desired] gift of sovereignty, [protect you].
II
[There was once] a king whose edicts were borne upon the heads of all [other] kings, the glorious Īśānavarman, the sole receptacle of glories,
III
who, rich in glory, shone intensely in the lineage of kings whose glories filled the universe, just as [molten] gold [shines].
IV
whose kingdom (avanimaṇḍalam), over which he reigned fully (pratapatas samyag), and which extended up to the boundaries that are the three oceans, was adorned with a single parasol.
V
That king drew towards himself not only the string (guṇaḥ) of his great bow, but also the famous unequalled virtue (guṇaḥ) of the king-sage Dilīpa.
VI
Having seen this beautiful king, it seems to me, Madana had to abandon the pride that had taken root in him for thinking “Perfection of beauty resides only in me”.
VII
By this king of kings, a servant, the first among those who are conscious of what is done for them, has been employed to attend to all his duties.
VIII
[This same servant] was the master named Vidyāviśeṣa, the favorite of his own master, inscribed (likhitaḥ) at the head [of the list] of poets and philosophers who have conquered the śāstras.
IX
In the śaka year counted by the (9) orifices [of the body], the (4) oceans and the (5) arrows [of the god of love], this causeway, characterised by round [holes] that give two passage-ways [for water to escape], was built by him.
X
Having accomplished this [deed] which gives right to merit, the same king appointed this founder as governor of Tamandarapura.
Bibliography
Edited by Dominic Goodall (2019, pp. 32–40) with an English translation.
Primary
[DG] Goodall, Dominic. 2019. “Nobles, bureaucrats or strongmen? On the “vassal kings” or “hereditary governors” of pre-Angkorian city-states: Two Sanskrit inscriptions of Vidyāviśeṣa, seventh-century governor of Tamandarapura (K. 1235 and K. 604), and an inscription of Śivadatta (K. 1150), previously considered a son of Īśānavarman I.” UJKS 14, pp. 23–85. [URL]. Pages 32–40.
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<lg n="1" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a"><lb n="1"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/><seg met="===="><gap reason="lost" quantity="4" unit="character"/></seg> mataiśvaryya</l>
<l n="b"><milestone unit="column" n="b"/>pradāna-prabhur ī<unclear>ś</unclear>varaḥ</l>
<l n="c"><milestone unit="column" n="c"/>dhāryyate jagad aṣṭābhi<milestone unit="column" n="d" break="no"/>r</l>
<l n="d">a<unclear>ś</unclear>eṣaṁ yasya mūrttibhiḥ</l>
</lg>
<lg n="2" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a"><lb n="2"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/><supplied reason="lost">Āsī</supplied>d aśeṣa-bhūpāla</l>
<l n="b"><milestone unit="column" n="b"/>-mastakār<unclear>p</unclear>pi<unclear>ta</unclear>śāsanaḥ</l>
<l n="c"><milestone unit="column" n="c"/>rājā śrīśānavarmmeti</l>
<l n="d"><milestone unit="column" n="d"/>yaśasām eka-bhājanam·</l>
</lg>
<lg n="3" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a"><lb n="3"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/><supplied reason="lost">tap</supplied><unclear>ta-ru</unclear>gmam ivātyarttha<milestone unit="column" n="b" break="no"/>m</l>
<l n="b">aśobhata yaśodhanaḥ</l>
<l n="c"><milestone unit="column" n="c"/>Anvaye yo jagadvyāpi</l>
<l n="d"><milestone unit="column" n="d"/>yaśasām avanībhujām·</l>
</lg>
<lg n="4" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a"><lb n="4"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/>U<unclear>da</unclear>dhi-traya-paryyanta<milestone unit="column" n="b" break="no"/>m</l>
<l n="b">ekacchatra-vataṁsitam·</l>
<l n="c"><milestone unit="column" n="c"/>yasya pratapatas samya<milestone unit="column" n="d" break="no"/>g</l>
<l n="d">abhūd avanimaṇdalam·</l>
</lg>
<lg n="5" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a" real="++++---+"><lb n="5"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/>Ā<supplied reason="lost">k</supplied>r<supplied reason="lost">ṣ</supplied>̥<unclear>ṭo</unclear> yena mahata<milestone unit="column" n="b" break="no"/>ẖ</l>
<l n="b">kārmukasya na kevalam·</l>
<l n="c"><milestone unit="column" n="c"/>dilīpasyāpi rājarṣe<milestone unit="column" n="d" break="no"/>r</l>
<l n="d">asamaf prathito guṇaḥ</l>
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<lg n="6" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a"><lb n="6"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/><unclear>ma</unclear>yy eva rūpasaṁpatti<milestone unit="column" n="b" break="no"/>r</l>
<l n="b">iti rūḍhām ahaṅkr̥tim·</l>
<l n="c"><milestone unit="column" n="c"/>Atyajan madano manye</l>
<l n="d"><milestone unit="column" n="d"/>vapuṣmantam avekṣya <supplied reason="lost">yam·</supplied></l>
</lg>
<lg n="7" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a"><lb n="7"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/><supplied reason="lost">te</supplied>na rājādhirājena</l>
<l n="b"><milestone unit="column" n="b"/>pratha<unclear>ma</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ẖ kr̥ta</supplied>vedinām·</l>
<l n="c"><milestone unit="column" n="c"/>sarvvāsv adhikr̥to bhr̥tya</l>
<l n="d"><milestone unit="column" n="d"/>Itikarttavyatāsu ya<supplied reason="lost">ḥ</supplied></l>
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<lg n="8" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a"><lb n="8"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/><unclear>l</unclear><supplied reason="lost">i</supplied><unclear>khi</unclear>to j<unclear>i</unclear>taśāstrā<unclear>ṇā</unclear>ṁ</l>
<l n="b"><milestone unit="column" n="b"/>dhuri yaẖ k<unclear>a</unclear>vivādinām·</l>
<l n="c"><milestone unit="column" n="c"/>vidyāviśeṣanāmābhū<milestone unit="column" n="d" break="no"/>d</l>
<l n="d">ācāryyo guru-vatsal<supplied reason="lost">aḥ</supplied></l>
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<l n="a"><lb n="9"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/><supplied reason="lost">ga</supplied><unclear>ṇi</unclear>te bde śakendr<unclear>a</unclear><supplied reason="lost">sya</supplied></l>
<l n="b"><milestone unit="column" n="b"/>dvā<supplied reason="lost">rā</supplied>mbhonidhi-sāyakaiḥ</l>
<l n="c"><milestone unit="column" n="c"/>tena setur ayaṃ vaddha<milestone unit="column" n="d" break="no"/>s</l>
<l n="d">saṅkramadvayakuṇdal<supplied reason="lost">aḥ</supplied></l>
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<l n="a" enjamb="yes"><lb n="10"/><milestone unit="column" n="a"/><supplied reason="lost">kr̥te</supplied> pu<unclear>ṇ</unclear>y<unclear>ā</unclear>dhik<supplied reason="lost">āre 'smi<milestone unit="column" n="b" break="no"/>n</supplied></l>
<l n="b">sa yajvā tena bhūbhujā</l>
<l n="c"><milestone unit="column" n="c"/>tamandarapurasvāmi</l>
<l n="d"><milestone unit="column" n="d"/>-bhojakatve niyoji<supplied reason="lost">ta</supplied><unclear>ḥ</unclear></l>
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<app loc="1">
<lem>aśeṣaṁ</lem>
<note>It is probably an abrasion of the stone that leads one at first blush to read <foreign>ageṣaṁ</foreign>.</note>
</app>
<app loc="3">
<lem><supplied reason="lost">tap</supplied><unclear>taru</unclear>gmam ivātyarttha</lem>
<note>Before <foreign>rugmam</foreign>, we can see the lower part of what could be a ligature t: it would therefore be possible to restore <supplied reason="lost">tap</supplied><unclear>taru</unclear>gmam.</note>
</app>
<app loc="7">
<lem><supplied reason="lost">ẖ kr̥ta</supplied>vedinām·</lem>
<note>For this restitution, see notes to the translation. The syllables in square brackets here are totally obliterated by damage to the stone.</note>
</app>
<app loc="10">
<lem><supplied reason="lost">kr̥te</supplied> pu<unclear>ṇ</unclear>y<unclear>ā</unclear>dhik<supplied reason="lost">āre smi</supplied></lem>
<note>The restored portions are restituted with the help of stanza XV of K. 604, which is almost identical to the present stanza. The present stanza confirms in turn that it is indeed <foreign>puṇyādhikāre</foreign> that one must read in K. 604, XVa!</note>
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<div type="translation" source="bib:Goodall2019_01">
<p rend="stanza" n="1"><supplied reason="subaudible">May He</supplied> whose eight forms support the entire universe, the Lord, who possesses the power to accord the <supplied reason="subaudible">desired</supplied> gift of sovereignty, <supplied reason="subaudible">protect you</supplied>.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="2"><supplied reason="subaudible">There was once</supplied> a king whose edicts were borne upon the heads of all <supplied reason="subaudible">other</supplied> kings, the glorious Īśānavarman, the sole receptacle of glories,</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="3">who, rich in glory, shone intensely in the lineage of kings whose glories filled the universe, just as <supplied reason="subaudible">molten</supplied> gold <supplied reason="subaudible">shines</supplied>.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="4">whose kingdom <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>avanimaṇḍalam</foreign></supplied>, over which he reigned fully <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pratapatas samyag</foreign></supplied>, and which extended up to the boundaries that are the three oceans, was adorned with a single parasol.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="5">That king drew towards himself not only the string <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>guṇaḥ</foreign></supplied> of his great bow, but also the famous unequalled virtue <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>guṇaḥ</foreign></supplied> of the king-sage Dilīpa.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="6">Having seen this beautiful king, it seems to me, Madana had to abandon the pride that had taken root in him for thinking “Perfection of beauty resides only in me”.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="7">By this king of kings, a servant, the first among those who are conscious of what is done for them, has been employed to attend to all his duties.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="8"><supplied reason="subaudible">This same servant</supplied> was the master named Vidyāviśeṣa, the favorite of his own master, inscribed <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>likhitaḥ</foreign></supplied> at the head <supplied reason="subaudible">of the list</supplied> of poets and philosophers who have conquered the <foreign>śāstras</foreign>.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="9">In the <foreign>śaka</foreign> year counted by the <supplied reason="explanation">9</supplied> orifices <supplied reason="subaudible">of the body</supplied>, the <supplied reason="explanation">4</supplied> oceans and the <supplied reason="explanation">5</supplied> arrows <supplied reason="subaudible">of the god of love</supplied>, this causeway, characterised by round <supplied reason="subaudible">holes</supplied> that give two passage-ways <supplied reason="subaudible">for water to escape</supplied>, was built by him.</p>
<p rend="stanza" n="10">Having accomplished this <supplied reason="subaudible">deed</supplied> which gives right to merit, the same king appointed this founder as governor of Tamandarapura.</p>
</div>
<div type="commentary">
<p>According to Dominic Goodall (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Goodall2019_01"/><citedRange unit="page">32</citedRange></bibl>), each line contains a stanza in the most common Sanskrit metre, anuṣṭubh, each verse-quarter <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pāda</foreign></supplied> of which is separated from the next by a small space on the stone, giving the effect of a “page-layout” in four columns of text, a feature common enough in Cambodian inscriptions but unusual in the Indian subcontinent <supplied reason="explanation"/>.</p>
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<p>Edited by Dominic Goodall (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Goodall2019_01"/><citedRange unit="page">32-40</citedRange></bibl>) with an English translation.</p>
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Commentary
According to Dominic Goodall (2019, p. 32), each line contains a stanza in the most common Sanskrit metre, anuṣṭubh, each verse-quarter (pāda) of which is separated from the next by a small space on the stone, giving the effect of a “page-layout” in four columns of text, a feature common enough in Cambodian inscriptions but unusual in the Indian subcontinent ().