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· <title>Prasat Neak Buos inscription engraved on the Southern doorjamb of the L sanctuary (K. 341-S, 596 Śaka)</title>
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15 <forename>Chollet</forename>
· <surname>Chloé</surname>
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20 <resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
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· <forename>George</forename>
· <surname>Cœdès</surname>
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25 <persName ref="part:dogo">
· <forename>Dominic</forename>
· <surname>Goodall</surname>
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30 <forename>Chollet</forename>
· <surname>Chloé</surname>
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35 <publicationStmt>
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40 <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
· <p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported
· Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit
· https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to
· Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,
45 California, 94041, USA.</p>
· <p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Chloé Chollet.</p>
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· </availability>
· <date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
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70 <p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).</p>
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90 <l n="a"><lb n="1"/> <g type="gomutraInitial">.</g> yatra sthānumatasthānaṁ</l>
· <l n="b">dr̥śyamānaṁ padadvayaṁ</l>
· <l n="c">sthitvā <gap reason="illegible" unit="character" quantity="1"/>durggayā ta<unclear>sya</unclear></l>
· <l n="d"><unclear>manthāna</unclear>nāma prakāśyate</l>
· </lg>
95 <lg n="2" met="anuṣṭubh" xml:lang="san-Latn">
· <l n="a"><lb n="2"/>tenā<unclear>t</unclear>ra śivapādākhyo</l>
· <l n="b">bhaviṣyas te <seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>u</seg> bhūdharaḥ</l>
· <l n="c">Upāsya <unclear>si</unclear><supplied reason="lost">d</supplied><unclear>dhi</unclear> ya <gap reason="illegible" unit="character" quantity="1"/> nāṁ</l>
· <l n="d">smaratām api pāvanaM</l>
100 </lg>
· <lg n="3" met="anuṣṭubh" xml:lang="san-Latn">
· <l n="a"><lb n="3"/>yatraiva pivatā<unclear>m</unclear> saṁme</l>
· <l n="b">divyasvarga<unclear>pade</unclear> <supplied reason="lost">dhr</supplied>u<supplied reason="lost">vam</supplied></l>
· <l n="c">grava <seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>i</seg><seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>pa</seg>ti <seg met="++="><gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character"/></seg></l>
105 <l n="d"><seg met="="><gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/></seg> na val<unclear>īti</unclear> viśrutaḥ</l>
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· <lb n="4"/>
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110 <lb n="6"/>
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115 <lb n="11"/>
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· <l n="a"><lb n="13"/>ṣaṣtivarṣasahassrāni</l>
120 <l n="b">svar[gg]e modati bhūmidaḥ</l>
· <l n="c"><seg met="====-++="><gap reason="lost" quantity="8" unit="character"/></seg></l>
· <l n="d"><seg met="====-+-="><gap reason="lost" quantity="8" unit="character"/></seg></l>
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125 <div type="apparatus">
· <listApp>
· <app loc="1">
· <lem>sthānumatasthānaṁ</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">sthānumatā sthānan</rdg>
130 <note>For <foreign>sthānu</foreign>-, understand <foreign>sthāṇu</foreign>-.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="1">
· <lem>sthitvā <gap reason="illegible" unit="character" quantity="1"/></lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">sthi ⏓ ⏓</rdg>
135 </app>
· <app loc="1">
· <lem>s<unclear>manthāna</unclear>nāma</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">⏓ ⏓nāma</rdg>
· </app>
140 <app loc="2">
· <lem>tenā<unclear>t</unclear>ra śivapādākhyo</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">tenāgraśivapādākhyo</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="2">
145 <lem>bhaviṣyas te <seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>u</seg></lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">bhavīṣyan teṣu</rdg>
· <note>The <hi rend="italic">ste</hi> ligature is quite clear on the inscription photographs, while the <hi rend="italic">ṣ</hi> of <foreign>teṣu</foreign> does not appear clearly either on the rubbing or in the photographs. We therefore prefer to report an illegible consonant to which the vowel <hi rend="italic">u</hi> is attached.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="2">
150 <lem>Upāsya <unclear>si</unclear><supplied reason="lost">d</supplied><unclear>dhi</unclear> ya <gap reason="illegible" unit="character" quantity="1"/> nāṁ</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">⏓ ⏑ ‒ ‒ ⏓</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="2">
· <lem>pāvanaM</lem>
155 <rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">pāvana</rdg>
· <note>The final consonant, miniaturized, is engraved a little below the line. This palaeographic phenomenon occurs in only one other pre-Angkorian inscription, found at Wat Phra Ngam (Thailand) and recently published in Thai (Weeraprajak 2020, p. 4). This particularity is however present in other South-East Asian epigraphic corpora, such as the Pyu inscriptions (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Griffiths+al2017_01"/><citedRange unit="page">84</citedRange></bibl>, § 1.5.3.15).</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="3">
· <lem>pivatā<unclear>m</unclear> saṁme</lem>
160 <rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">pivatāṅ same</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="3">
· <lem>-<unclear>pade</unclear> <supplied reason="lost">dhr</supplied>u<supplied reason="lost">vam</supplied></lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">⏑ ‒ dhruvam</rdg>
165 <note>While we think we can read <foreign>pade</foreign>, we only see the the vowel <hi rend="italic">u</hi> below the word that Coedès has transcribed <foreign>dhruvam</foreign>.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="3">
· <lem>grava <seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>i</seg><seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>pa</seg>ti</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">⏓ ⏓ ⏓ ⏓ ⏑</rdg>
170 <note>We could understand <foreign>viṭpati</foreign> or <foreign>dikpati</foreign>.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="3">
· <lem>na val<unclear>īti</unclear></lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">⏓ ⏓ ⏓ ⏓ ti</rdg>
175 </app>
· </listApp>
· </div>
· <div type="translation" xml:lang="fra" resp="part:dogo">
·<p rend="stanza" n="1">De ce <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>yatra</foreign>… <foreign>tasya</foreign></supplied> lieu où les deux <supplied reason="subaudible">empreintes de</supplied> pieds <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>padadvayaṁ</foreign></supplied> restent visibles <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>dr̥śyamānaṁ</foreign></supplied> — le lieu <supplied reason="subaudible">où elles se trouvent</supplied> étant <supplied reason="subaudible">ainsi</supplied> approuvé par Sthāṇu <supplied reason="explanation">sthānumatasthānaṁ</supplied> —, s’étant tenu debout <supplied reason="subaudible">là</supplied>, avec Durgā (?), le nom Manthāna est proclamé.</p>
180<p rend="stanza" n="2">Ainsi <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tena</foreign></supplied>, une montagne <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>bhūdharaḥ</foreign></supplied> nommée Śivapāda restera <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>bhaviṣyaḥ</foreign></supplied> ici <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>atra</foreign></supplied>. Ceux qui l’honorent <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>upāsya</foreign></supplied>, et la gardent aussi à l'esprit <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>smaratām api</foreign></supplied> purification <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pāvanam</foreign> ?</supplied> <gap reason="lost"/> pouvoirs <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>siddhi</foreign> ?</supplied> <gap reason="lost"/></p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="3">Là même, de la même manière, ceux qui boivent <gap reason="lost"/> <supplied reason="subaudible">obtiendront</supplied> le ciel des dieux <gap reason="lost"/> tel est le <gap reason="lost"/> notoire.</p>
· </div>
· <div type="translation" xml:lang="fra" source="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01">
·<p rend="stanza" n="1">La place où l'Immuable <supplied reason="explanation">Śiva</supplied> a manifesté ses deux pieds <gap reason="lost"/> de celui qui est venu de loin <gap reason="lost"/> le nom est proclamé.</p>
185<p rend="stanza" n="2">Par lui, la montagne nommée Śivapāda antérieur sera pour ceux qui la vénèrent <gap reason="lost"/> purification, même pour ceux qui se souviennent <gap reason="lost"/></p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="3">Là même, de la même manière, ceux qui boivent <gap reason="lost"/> <supplied reason="subaudible">obtiendront</supplied> le ciel des dieux <gap reason="lost"/> tel est le <gap reason="lost"/> notoire.</p>
· </div>
· <div type="commentary">
· <p>Regarding the ancient name of the temple: Cœdès considered the hapax <foreign>agraśivapāda</foreign> ("the Earlier Śivapāda") as the equivalent expression of the Old Khmer <foreign>śivapādapūrva</foreign> "the Eastern Śivapāda", encountered in other inscriptions from Prasat Neak Buos and antonym of the expression <foreign>śivapādapaścima</foreign> "the Western Śivapāda", which refers to Prasat Ta Muean Thom. The Sanskrit term <foreign>agra</foreign> does not normally have the meaning of 'eastern, east' which might make it equivalent to the word <foreign>pūrva</foreign>. The form of the consonant <hi rend="italic">t</hi> being particularly ambiguous, we do not exclude the reading proposed by Cœdès.</p>
190 </div>
· <div type="bibliography">
· <p>First edited by Gœrge Cœdès (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01"/><citedRange unit="volume">6</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">23-26</citedRange></bibl>) with a French translation of the whole inscription; the Sanskrit part is re-edited here by Chloé Chollet and Dominic Goodall from photographs (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Chollet+Goodall2020_01"/><citedRange unit="page">390-391</citedRange></bibl>).</p>
· <listBibl type="primary">
· <bibl n="GC">
195 <ptr target="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01"/>
·<citedRange unit="volume">6</citedRange>
· <citedRange unit="page">23-26</citedRange>
· </bibl>
· <bibl n="CC+DG">
200 <ptr target="bib:Chollet+Goodall2020_01"/>
· <citedRange unit="page">390-391</citedRange>
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· </listBibl>
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205 </body>
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Commentary
Regarding the ancient name of the temple: Cœdès considered the hapax agraśivapāda ("the Earlier Śivapāda") as the equivalent expression of the Old Khmer śivapādapūrva "the Eastern Śivapāda", encountered in other inscriptions from Prasat Neak Buos and antonym of the expression śivapādapaścima "the Western Śivapāda", which refers to Prasat Ta Muean Thom. The Sanskrit term agra does not normally have the meaning of ’eastern, east’ which might make it equivalent to the word pūrva. The form of the consonant t being particularly ambiguous, we do not exclude the reading proposed by Cœdès.