Southern doorjamb of the main shrine of Po Nagar

Editors: Salomé Pichon, Arlo Griffiths.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSCIC00030B4.

Language: Old Cham.

Repository: Campa (tfc-campa-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-09-16 00:32 (a2d4f44), last modified 2023-08-18 16:02 (f8ebd96).

Edition

Logical
Physical
Full

⟨1⟩ <quatrefoil> svasti <symbol> madā pu pom̃ tana rayā sidaḥ yām̃ pom̃ ku śrī jayaparameśvaravarmmadeva ⟨2⟩ aum̃ aṅśarāja urām̃ turaiy· vijaya di śakarāja nī 1112 madā pu pom̃ tana rayā kamvuja yāṅ· nā⟨3⟩ma vraḥ pāda śrī jayavr̥rmmadeva kā pandāp· sarvvadvipa mam̃n· ma°udyāna mar(ai) mak· (nagara ca)mpa pal(i)⟨4⟩(ṅya)k· (s)arvvaliṅga (je)m̃ kaliḥ rayā klum̃ pluḥ sā thun· vuḥ senāpatī kamvuja mvan· rumam̃ jumvum̃ tam̃l· ril[v]ai ⟨5⟩ di śakarāja nī 1123 pu pom̃ tana rayā nan· nau vraḥ nagar· dram̃(n/ṅ)· nāma pu pom̃ pu lyam̃ śrī yuvar[āja] ⟨6⟩ (bharuv·) kamvuja ṅan· campa raṇḍaṁ phām̃ sā […] nau pu pom̃ tana rayā (nan·) vā vala kamvuja nau mak· ⟨7⟩ (tanaḥ) vukāṁ <symbol> [1+]n· […] kamvuja nau mak· […] ⟨8⟩ dā […] ⟨9⟩ [1 lost line] ⟨10⟩ e[kacchatra] […] ⟨11⟩ [1 lost line] ⟨12⟩ [1 lost line]

Apparatus

⟨2⟩ aum̃ aṅśarāja ⬦ [.sa]ṅśarāja AVS. — ⟨2⟩ turaiy· vijaya ⬦ turaiyvijaya AVS.

⟨3⟩ śrī jayavr̥rmmadeva ⬦ śrī jayavarmmadeva Bergaigne 1888 AVS. — ⟨3⟩ sarvvadvipa ⬦ sarvvadvīpa AVS. — ⟨3⟩ mam̃n ⬦ man AVS.

⟨4⟩ (s)arvvaliṅga ⬦ śarvvaliṅga AVS. — ⟨4⟩ kaliḥ AVS ⬦ kalin EA. — ⟨4⟩ sā AVS ⬦ dvā EA. — ⟨4⟩ senāpatī ⬦ senapati EA. — ⟨4⟩ mvan ⬦ mvak AVS. — ⟨4⟩ rumam̃ jumvum̃ tam̃l· ril[v]ai ⬦ urā̃ṅ jumvu[v] [...] AVS.

⟨5⟩ nī ⬦ ni AVS. — ⟨5⟩ dram̃(n/ṅ) ⬦ draṅ AVS.

⟨6⟩ raṇḍaṁ phām ⬦ raṇḍa thāṅ AVS. — ⟨6⟩ kamvuja nau mak ⬦ kamvujadeśa [...] AVS.

⟨7⟩ (tanaḥ) vukāṁ <symbol> ⬦ [...] vukāṁ <symbol> AVS • After kamvuja, Schweyer reads no more and notes simply [...].

⟨10⟩ e[kacchatra] • restitution of Aymonier; Schweyer has not read this part of the text.

Translation by Arlo Griffiths

Hail! There was a P.P.T.R., that is to say Y.P.K. Śrī Jayaparameśvaravarmadeva oṅ Anśarāja, person of Turaiy Vijaya. In this year of the Śaka king 1112, there was a P.P.T.R. of Kamvuja called V.P. Śrī Jayavarmadeva. In order to subjugate all continents, then he went out to come and seize the Campā kingdom, destroyed all the liṅgas. The Great ’War’ of thirty-one years took place. He gave a general of Kambuja mvan (?) [on the territory] from the North to the South. In this year of the Śaka king 1123, this P.P.T.R. went to the Holy Angkor [to] bear the name of Pu Pom̃ Pu Lyam̃, the Heir. Again, Kamvuja and Campā were drowning one another [in misfortune]... This P.P.T.R. led troops of Kamvuja [to] go and seize the land of Pagan ... Kamvuja go and seize ... unique parasol ... .

Translation into French by Lepoutre 2013

Salut ! Il y avait un P.P.T.R., à savoir Y.P.K. Śrī Jayaparameśvaravarmadeva oṅ Anśarāja, personne de Turaiy Vijaya. En cette année 1112 du roi des Śaka, il y avait un P.P.T.R. du Kamvuja du nom de V.P. Śrī Jayavarmadeva. Pour subjuger tous les continents, alors il sortit venir prendre le royaume du Campā, détruisit tous les liṅga. Il se passait la grande « guerre » de trente et un ans. Il donna un général du Kamvuja mvan (?) [sur le territoire] du Nord au Sud. En cette année 1123 du roi des Śaka, ce P.P.T.R. alla au Saint Angkor [pour] porter le nom de Pu Pom̃ Pu Lyam̃, héritier. À nouveau le Kambuja et le Campā se noyaient mutuellement [dans le malheur]... Ce P.P.T.R. conduisit les troupes du Kamvuja [pour] aller prendre la terre de Pagan ... Kamvuja aller prendre ... parasol unique... .

Commentary

Concerning the expression rumam̃ jumvum̃ tam̃l rilvai (i.e. ’[on the territory] from the North to the South’), see Lepoutre 2013, p. forthcoming.

As for the sequence bharuv kamvuja ṅan campa raṇḍaṁ phām̃ sā, Aymonier and Cabaton suggested it could be understood as follows: “love (raṇḍaṁ) one another (phām̃) one (sā)” and proposed to translate “alors le Cambodge et le Campā s’aimèrent mutuellement” or “s’accoutumèrent”. However, they translated raṇḍaṁ as the verb “to love” which in reality is ramaṁ. The absence of arguments in favor of their translation leads us to propose as alternative the translation above, where the term raṇḍaṁ is presumed to be cognate with Malay rendam “to soak, to drown”.

Bibliography

A few words were read in Bergaigne 1888, pp. 89–91; partially read and translated into French in Aymonier 1891, pp. 47–48; whence summarized in English, in Majumdar 1985, p. 205 and Golzio 2004, pp. 176–177; whence again, with translation into French, in Schweyer 2005, p. 97. The present edition and translation after Lepoutre 2013, pp. 262–263 where we have re-edited the text from the inked EFEO estampage and the stone.

Primary

[EA] Aymonier, Étienne. 1891. “Première étude sur les inscriptions tchames.” JA, pp. 5–86. [URL]. Pages 47–48.

[AVS] Schweyer, Anne-Valérie. 2005. “Po Nagar de Nha Trang, seconde partie : Le dossier épigraphique.” Aséanie, Sciences humaines en Asie du Sud-Est 15, pp. 87–119. DOI: 10.3406/asean.2005.1847. [URL]. Page 97.

[AL] Lepoutre, Amandine. 2013. “Études du corpus des inscriptions du Campā, IV: Les inscriptions du temple de Svayamutpanna. Contribution à l'histoire des relations entre les pouvoirs cam et khmer (de la fin du XII^e siècle au début du XIII^e siècle).” JA 301 (1), pp. 205–278. DOI: 10.2143/JA.301.1.2994464. Pages 262–263.

Secondary

Parmentier, Henri. 1909. Inventaire descriptif des monuments čams de l’Annam. Tome premier: Description des monuments. Paris: Imprimerie nationale. [URL]. Page 131.

Display Options Word Wrap Line Numbers Comments Processing Instructions

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_SQF.sch" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<title>Southern doorjamb of the main shrine of Po Nagar</title>

<resp>EpiDoc Encoding</resp>

<forename>Salomé</forename>

<surname>Pichon</surname>

</persName>

</respStmt>

<resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>

<surname>Griffths</surname>

</persName>

<forename>Salomé</forename>

<surname>Pichon</surname>

</persName>

</respStmt>

<resp>Conversion of encoding for DHARMA</resp>

<forename>Salomé</forename>

<surname>Pichon</surname>

</persName>

</respStmt>

</titleStmt>

<authority>DHARMA</authority>

<pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>

<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSCIC00030B4</idno>

<p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.</p>

</licence>

</availability>

</publicationStmt>

<title>Southern doorjamb of the main shrine of Po Nagar</title>

<editor>Arlo Griffiths</editor>

<editor>Amandine Lepoutre</editor>

</titleStmt>

<p>First digital edition made by École française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO), realized in collaboration with the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World (ISAW) at New York University as <ref target="https://isaw.nyu.edu/publications/inscriptions/campa/index.html">The Corpus of the Inscriptions of Campā, in 2010-2012.</ref>

</p>

</editionStmt>

<authority>École française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO)</authority>

<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSCIC00030B4</idno>

<p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.</p>

</licence>

</availability>

</publicationStmt>

</biblFull>

<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>

<idno/>

</altIdentifier>

</altIdentifier>

</altIdentifier>

</msIdentifier>

</msContents>

<p/>

</handDesc>

</physDesc>

</msDesc>

</sourceDesc>

</fileDesc>

<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).</p>

</projectDesc>

<p>Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.</p>

</prefixDef>

<p>Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the <ref>DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml</ref> file.</p>

</prefixDef>

</listPrefixDef>

</encodingDesc>

<change when="2021-07-03" who="part:argr" status="draft">Resolved validation problems.</change>

<change when="2020-09-14" who="part:axja" status="draft">Campa file transformed to follow the DHARMA encoding structure. Metadata extracted to be checked and updated according DHARMA workflow. Done through XSLT.</change>

</revisionDesc>

</teiHeader>

<desc>Photograph of inscription <ptr/>. Taken at Po Nagar by Amandine Lepoutre on .</desc>

</graphic>

<desc>Photograph of an EFEO estampage under n. 228.</desc>

</graphic>

<desc>Photograph of an EFEO estampage under n. 228.</desc>

</graphic>

</facsimile>

<ab>

<lb n="1"/> <g type="quatrefoil"/> svasti <g>||</g> madā pu pom̃ tana rayā sidaḥ yām̃ pom̃ ku śrī jayaparameśvaravarmmadeva

<lb n="2"/> aum̃ aṅśarāja urām̃ turaiy· vijaya di śakarāja nī 1112 madā pu pom̃ tana rayā kamvuja yāṅ· nā

<lb break="no" n="3"/>ma vraḥ pāda śrī jayavr̥rmmadeva kā pandāp· sarvvadvipa mam̃n· ma°udyāna mar<unclear>ai</unclear> mak· <unclear>nagara ca</unclear>mpa pal<unclear>i</unclear>

<lb break="no" n="4"/><unclear>ṅya</unclear>k· <unclear>s</unclear>arvvaliṅga <unclear>je</unclear>m̃ kaliḥ rayā klum̃ pluḥ sā thun· vuḥ senāpatī kamvuja mvan· rumam̃ jumvum̃ tam̃l· ril<supplied reason="lost">v</supplied>ai

<lb n="5"/> di śakarāja nī 1123 pu pom̃ tana rayā nan· nau vraḥ nagar· dram̃<choice><unclear>n</unclear><unclear>ṅ</unclear></choice>· nāma pu pom̃ pu lyam̃ śrī yuvar<supplied reason="lost">āja</supplied>

<lb n="6"/> <unclear>bharuv·</unclear> kamvuja ṅan· campa raṇḍaṁ phām̃ sā <gap reason="lost" quantity="1/2" unit="character"/> nau pu pom̃ tana rayā <unclear>nan·</unclear> vā vala kamvuja nau mak·

<lb n="7"/> <unclear>tanaḥ</unclear> vukāṁ <g>|</g> <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>n· <gap reason="lost" quantity="3/4" unit="character"/> kamvuja nau mak· <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>

<lb n="10"/> e<supplied reason="lost">kacchatra</supplied> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>

</ab>

</div>

<lem>aum̃ aṅśarāja</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">[.sa]ṅśarāja</rdg>

</app>

<lem>turaiy· vijaya</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">turaiyvijaya</rdg>

</app>

<app loc="3"><lem>śrī jayavr̥rmmadeva</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Bergaigne1888_01 bib:Schweyer2005_01">śrī jayavarmmadeva</rdg>

</app>

<lem>sarvvadvipa</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">sarvvadvīpa</rdg>

</app>

</app>

<lem><unclear>s</unclear>arvvaliṅga</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">śarvvaliṅga</rdg>

</app>

<lem source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">kaliḥ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Aymonier1891_01">kalin</rdg></app>

</app><app loc="4">

<lem>senāpatī</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Aymonier1891_01">senapati</rdg>

</app>

</app>

<lem>rumam̃ jumvum̃ tam̃l· ril<supplied reason="lost">v</supplied>ai</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">urā̃ṅ jumvu[v] [...]</rdg></app>

</app>

<lem>raṇḍaṁ phām</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">raṇḍa thāṅ</rdg>

</app>

<lem>kamvuja nau mak</lem><rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">kamvujadeśa [...]</rdg>

</app>

<lem>

<unclear>tanaḥ</unclear> vukāṁ <g>|</g></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">[...] vukāṁ <g>|</g></rdg>

<note>After <foreign>kamvuja</foreign>, Schweyer reads no more and notes simply [...].</note>

</app>

<lem>e<supplied reason="lost">kacchatra</supplied></lem>

<note>restitution of Aymonier; Schweyer has not read this part of the text.</note>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

<p>Hail! There was a P.P.T.R., that is to say Y.P.K. Śrī Jayaparameśvaravarmadeva oṅ Anśarāja, person of Turaiy Vijaya. In this year of the Śaka king 1112, there was a P.P.T.R. of Kamvuja called V.P. Śrī Jayavarmadeva. In order to subjugate all continents, then he went out to come and seize the Campā kingdom, destroyed all the liṅgas. The Great 'War' of thirty-one years took place. He gave a general of Kambuja <foreign>mvan</foreign> (?) <supplied reason="subaudible">on the territory</supplied> from the North to the South. In this year of the Śaka king 1123, this P.P.T.R. went to the Holy Angkor <supplied reason="subaudible">to</supplied> bear the name of Pu Pom̃ Pu Lyam̃, the Heir. Again, Kamvuja and Campā were drowning one another <supplied reason="subaudible">in misfortune</supplied>... This P.P.T.R. led troops of Kamvuja <supplied reason="subaudible">to</supplied> go and seize the land of Pagan ... Kamvuja go and seize ... unique parasol ... .</p>

</div>

<p>Salut ! Il y avait un P.P.T.R., à savoir Y.P.K. Śrī Jayaparameśvaravarmadeva oṅ Anśarāja, personne de Turaiy Vijaya. En cette année 1112 du roi des Śaka, il y avait un P.P.T.R. du Kamvuja du nom de V.P. Śrī Jayavarmadeva. Pour subjuger tous les continents, alors il sortit venir prendre le royaume du Campā, détruisit tous les liṅga. Il se passait la grande « guerre » de trente et un ans. Il donna un général du Kamvuja <foreign>mvan</foreign> (?) <supplied reason="subaudible">sur le territoire</supplied> du Nord au Sud. En cette année 1123 du roi des Śaka, ce P.P.T.R. alla au Saint Angkor <supplied reason="subaudible">pour</supplied> porter le nom de Pu Pom̃ Pu Lyam̃, héritier. À nouveau le Kambuja et le Campā se noyaient mutuellement <supplied reason="subaudible">dans le malheur</supplied>... Ce P.P.T.R. conduisit les troupes du Kamvuja <supplied reason="subaudible">pour</supplied> aller prendre la terre de Pagan ... Kamvuja aller prendre ... parasol unique... .</p>

</div>

<div type="commentary"><p>Concerning the expression <foreign>rumam̃ jumvum̃ tam̃l rilvai</foreign> (i.e. '[on the territory] from the North to the South'), see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Lepoutre2013_01"/><citedRange unit="page">forthcoming</citedRange></bibl>.</p><p>As for the sequence <foreign>bharuv kamvuja ṅan campa raṇḍaṁ phām̃ sā</foreign>, Aymonier and Cabaton suggested it could be understood as follows: <q>love (<foreign>raṇḍaṁ</foreign>) one another (<foreign>phām̃</foreign>) one (<foreign>sā</foreign>)</q> and proposed to translate <quote>alors le Cambodge et le Campā s'aimèrent mutuellement</quote> or <quote>s'accoutumèrent</quote>. However, they translated <foreign>raṇḍaṁ</foreign> as the verb <q>to love</q> which in reality is <foreign>ramaṁ</foreign>. The absence of arguments in favor of their translation leads us to propose as alternative the translation above, where the term <foreign>raṇḍaṁ</foreign> is presumed to be cognate with Malay <foreign>rendam</foreign> <q>to soak, to drown</q>.</p>

</div>

<p>A few words were read in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Bergaigne1888_01"/><citedRange unit="page">89-91</citedRange></bibl>; partially read and translated into French in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Aymonier1891_01"/><citedRange unit="page">47-48</citedRange></bibl>; whence summarized in English, in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Majumdar1985_01"/><citedRange unit="page">205</citedRange></bibl> and <bibl><ptr target="bib:Golzio2004_01"/><citedRange unit="page">176-177</citedRange></bibl>; whence again, with translation into French, in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Schweyer2005_01"/><citedRange unit="page">97</citedRange></bibl>. The present edition and translation after <bibl><ptr target="bib:Lepoutre2013_01"/><citedRange unit="page">262-263</citedRange></bibl> where we have re-edited the text from the inked EFEO estampage and the stone.</p>

</listBibl>

</TEI>