Doorjamb from Phan Rang

Editors: Salomé Pichon, Arlo Griffiths.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSCIC00005.

Hand description:

Language: Old Cham.

Repository: Campa (tfc-campa-epigraphy).

Version: 2025-01-14 14:23 (40b55b0), last modified 2024-05-06 11:57 (e95c833).

Edition

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⟨1⟩ [introductory elements] n(ī) mūla (h)u(l)u(n·) yā(m̃) [pom̃ ku śrī] ⟨2⟩ [jaya](pa)rameśvaravarmmadeva vuḥ pak· y[ām̃ pom̃] ⟨3⟩ [ku sva]yamutpanna ṅan· yām̃ pom̃ ku śrī[patī]⟨4⟩(śva)ra vraḥ rūpa śvam̃l· mauk· ajīp· mauk· lau [hu]⟨5⟩[lu]n· śiliḥ ri viñaiḥ 8 drim̃ śvam̃l· mauk· āk· ⟨6⟩ nai 4 drim̃ śvam̃l· mauk· ayam̃p· 3 drim̃ śvam̃l· ⟨7⟩ mauk· rarauṅ· 7 drim̃ śvam̃l· mauk· re 7 drim̃ ja patiḥ ⟨8⟩ hulun· śiliḥ ri mauk· nik· mauk· svar· ja śi⟨9⟩rā nan· humā sā sthāna di kumvyam̃l· anan· samr̥ddhija⟨10⟩ya ranok· 400 jāk· ṅan· tandom̃ laṅguv· kvi⟨11⟩r· campa si vuḥ di hajai nan· 30 drim̃ tralāy· ⟨12⟩ pirak· sā vana ’nāk· 50 thil· sanrauṅ· pira⟨13⟩k· sā vana ’nāk· 36 thil· <symbol> si vuḥ di y⟨14⟩ām̃ pom̃ ku śrī jaya buddheśvara humā ra⟨15⟩nok· di samr̥ddhijaya kumvyam̃l· 500 jāk· ṅa⟨16⟩n· tandom̃ laṅguv· kvir· campa si vuḥ di hajai nan· 3⟨17⟩0 drim̃ <symbol> pom̃ yām̃ pu yuvarāja am̃ nandabha⟨18⟩[d](ra) urām̃ turaiy· vijaya vuḥ tralām̃ pirak· ⟨19⟩ sā vana ’nāk· 50 thil· sanraum̃ pirak· sā va⟨20⟩na ’nāk· 30 thil·

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ n(ī) mūla (h)u(l)u (n·) ⬦ ...n mūla... LF • The author adds a footnote indicating that “il y avait deux u dans le mot qui suivait mūla : pb. hulun”

⟨1-2⟩ yām̃ [pom̃ ku śrī jaya](pa)rameśvaravarmmadeva ⬦ (yāṅ po ku)[śrī] parameśvaravarmmadeva LF.

⟨3-4⟩ śrī[patī](śva)ra ⬦ śrī...ra LF • Jacques 1977–1978, pp. 1077, note 7 suggested that the name of the latter god, which only the final part (°śvara) is readable, could be Saratīśvara. This hypothesis was based on the reading of the inscription C. 3 by Jacques 1976–1977, p. 989 where the same name is associated whith that of Svayamutpanna. But according to the rereading of the inscription C. 3. 2, Śrīpatīśvara seems to be a better reading than Saratīśvara.This is the name we reuse in this inscription.

⟨4-5⟩ [hulu]n· śiliḥ • the restitution, already proposed by Finot, is based on l. 8. At the end of the l. 4, the reading of a part of a subscript sign, which is most likely a u, shows there is no akṣara between lau and hulun.

⟨5⟩ viñaiḥ ⬦ ci ñaiḥ LF. — ⟨5⟩ 8 ⬦ 9 LF. — ⟨5⟩ āk ⬦ ak LF.

⟨7⟩ 7 ⬦ 8 LF. — ⟨7⟩ 7 ⬦ 8 LF.

⟨9⟩ sā • the shape of this ā is rare: instead of the usual vertical line attached to consonant, here it is engraved above the consonant and has a curving shape. It seems to have been added after the text was initially engraved.

⟨13-14⟩ yām̃ • the disconnection between the two elements of the basic sign yā is rare: the first element is at the end of the l. 13 and the second one, composed of a vertical line, an anusvāra-candra and the vocalization, is at the beginning of the l. 14.

⟨14⟩ jaya buddheśvara ⬦ jaya . ārtheśvara LF; jaya – ddheśvara Jacques 1977–1978.

⟨15⟩ kvir· ⬦ kvīr LF.

⟨17-18⟩ nandabha[d](ra) • this restitution was already proposed by Finot.

⟨18⟩ tralām̃ ⬦ kalāṅ LF.

Translation by Arlo Griffiths

This is the capital of servants [that] Y.P.K. Śrī Jayaparameśvaravarman gives to Y.P.K. Svayamutpanna and Y.K.P. Śrīpatīśvara [under their] holy appearances.

Family of mauk Ajīp [and] of mauk Lau: servants are exchanged for [those of] Viñaiḩ: 8 persons; family of mauk Āk: 4 persons; family of mauk Ayam̃p: 3 persons; family of mauk Rarauṅ: 7 persons; family of mauk Re: 7 persons; ja Patiḥ the servant is exchanged for these [persons]: mauk Nik, mauk Svar, ja Śirā;

rice-field: one unit at Kumvyam̃l. In this place of great abundance (called) Ranok: 400 jāk with tandom̃ laṅguv. Khmer [and] Cam [people] who are given to this domain: 30 persons;

a silver tralāy weighing 50 thil; a silver sanrauṅ weighing 36 thil.

What is given to Y.P.K. Śrī Jaya Buddheśvara: the Ranok ricefield, of great abundance, at Kumvyam̃l: 500 jāk with tandom̃ laṅguv. Khmer [and] Cam [people] who are given to this domain: 30 persons.

The P.Y.P. heir Aṅ Nandabhadra, person of Turaiy Vijaya, gives: a silver tralām̃ weighing 50 thil; a silver sanrauṅ weighing 30 thil.

Translation into French by Lepoutre 2013

Ceci est le capital des serviteurs [que] Y.P.K. Śrī Jayaparameśvaravarman donne à Y.P.K. Svayamutpanna et à Y.K.P. Śrīpatīśvara [sous leur] sainte apparence.

Famille de mauk Ajīp [et] de mauk Lau : les serviteurs sont échangés contre [ceux de] Viñaiḩ : 8 personnes ; famille de mauk Āk : 4 personnes ; famille de mauk Ayam̃p : 3 personnes ; famille de mauk Rarauṅ : 7 personnes : famille de mauk Re : 7 personnes ; ja Patiḥ le serviteur est échangé contre ces [personnes-ci] : mauk Nik, mauk Svar, ja Śirā ;

rizière : un emplacement à Kumvyam̃l. En ce lieu de grande abondance (nommé) Ranok : 400 jāk avec tandom̃ laṅguv. Des Khmers [et] des Cams qui sont donnés à ce domaine : 30 personnes ;

Un tralāy d’argent pesant 50 thil ; un sanrauṅ d’argent pesant 36 thil.

Ce qui est donné au Y.P.K. Śrī Jaya Buddheśvara : la rizière Ranok, de grande abondance, à Kumvyam̃l : 500 jāk avec tandom̃ laṅguv. Des Khmers [et] des Cams qui sont donnés à ce domaine : 30 personnes.

Le P.Y.P. héritier Aṅ Nandabhadra, personne de Turaiy Viajaya, donne : un tralām̃ d’argent pesant 50 thil ; un sanrauṅ d’argent pesant 30 thil.

Bibliography

This inscription was edited and translated into French in Finot 1903, pp. 646–647; summarised in English in Majumdar 1985, p. 209, whence Golzio 2004, p. 182. It was also studied in Jacques 1977–1978, pp. 1077–1078. The present edition and translation after Lepoutre 2013, pp. 223–225.

Primary

[LF] Finot, Louis. 1903. “Notes d’épigraphie, V : Pāṇḍuraṅga.” BEFEO 3, pp. 630–648. DOI: 10.3406/befeo.1903.1260. [URL]. Pages 646–647.

[AL] Lepoutre, Amandine. 2013. “Études du corpus des inscriptions du Campā, IV: Les inscriptions du temple de Svayamutpanna. Contribution à l'histoire des relations entre les pouvoirs cam et khmer (de la fin du XII^e siècle au début du XIII^e siècle).” JA 301 (1), pp. 205–278. DOI: 10.2143/JA.301.1.2994464. Pages 223–225.

Secondary

Parmentier, Henri. 1909. Inventaire descriptif des monuments čams de l’Annam. Tome premier: Description des monuments. Paris: Imprimerie nationale. [URL]. Pages 79–81.

Finot, Louis. 1915. “Notes d’épigraphie, XIV : Les inscriptions du musée de Hanoi.” BEFEO 15 (2), pp. 1–38. DOI: 10.3406/befeo.1915.5229. [URL]. Pages 2 and 9–10.

Parmentier, Henri. 1918. Inventaire descriptif des monuments čams de l’Annam. Tome II: Étude de l’art čam. Paris: Ernest Leroux. Page 77.

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<desc>Photograph, with scale, of inscription <ptr/>. Taken in the Hanoi Museum by Arlo Griffiths on .</desc>

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<lb n="1"/> <supplied reason="lost">introductory elements</supplied> n<unclear>ī</unclear> mūla <unclear>h</unclear>u<unclear>l</unclear>u<unclear>n·</unclear> yā<unclear>m̃</unclear> <supplied reason="lost">pom̃ ku śrī</supplied>

<lb n="2"/> <supplied reason="lost">jaya</supplied><unclear>pa</unclear>rameśvaravarmmadeva vuḥ pak· y<supplied reason="lost">ām̃ pom̃</supplied>

<lb n="3"/> <supplied reason="lost">ku sva</supplied>yamutpanna ṅan· yām̃ pom̃ ku śrī<supplied reason="lost">patī</supplied>

<lb break="no" n="5"/><supplied reason="lost">lu</supplied>n· śiliḥ ri viñaiḥ 8 drim̃ śvam̃l· mauk· āk·

<lb n="6"/> nai 4 drim̃ śvam̃l· mauk· ayam̃p· 3 drim̃ śvam̃l·

<lb n="7"/> mauk· rarauṅ· 7 drim̃ śvam̃l· mauk· re 7 drim̃ ja patiḥ

<lb n="8"/> hulun· śiliḥ ri mauk· nik· mauk· svar· ja śi

<lb break="no" n="9"/>rā nan· humā sā sthāna di kumvyam̃l· anan· samr̥ddhija

<lb break="no" n="10"/>ya ranok· 400 jāk· ṅan· tandom̃ laṅguv· kvi

<lb break="no" n="11"/>r· campa si vuḥ di hajai nan· 30 drim̃ tralāy·

<lb n="12"/> pirak· sā vana 'nāk· 50 thil· sanrauṅ· pira

<lb break="no" n="13"/>k· sā vana 'nāk· 36 thil· <g>|||</g> si vuḥ di y

<lb break="no" n="14"/>ām̃ pom̃ ku śrī jaya buddheśvara humā ra

<lb break="no" n="15"/>nok· di samr̥ddhijaya kumvyam̃l· 500 jāk· ṅa

<lb break="no" n="16"/>n· tandom̃ laṅguv· kvir· campa si vuḥ di hajai nan· 3

<lb break="no" n="17"/>0 drim̃ <g>||</g> pom̃ yām̃ pu yuvarāja am̃ nandabha

<lb break="no" n="18"/><supplied reason="lost">d</supplied><unclear>ra</unclear> urām̃ turaiy· vijaya vuḥ tralām̃ pirak·

<lb n="19"/> sā vana 'nāk· 50 thil· sanraum̃ pirak· sā va

<lb break="no" n="20"/>na 'nāk· 30 thil·

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<note>The author adds a footnote indicating that <quote>il y avait deux <foreign>u</foreign> dans le mot qui suivait <foreign>mūla</foreign> : pb. <foreign>hulun</foreign></quote></note>

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<lem>yām̃ <supplied reason="lost">pom̃ ku śrī jaya</supplied><unclear>pa</unclear>rameśvaravarmmadeva</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Finot1903_04"><unclear>yāṅ po ku</unclear><supplied reason="lost">śrī</supplied> parameśvaravarmmadeva</rdg>

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<note><bibl><ptr target="bib:Jacques1977-1978_01"/><citedRange unit="page">1077, note 7</citedRange></bibl> suggested that the name of the latter god, which only the final part (°<foreign>śvara</foreign>) is readable, could be Saratīśvara. This hypothesis was based on the reading of the inscription C. 3 by <bibl><ptr target="bib:Jacques1976-1977_01"/><citedRange unit="page">989</citedRange></bibl> where the same name is associated whith that of Svayamutpanna. But according to the rereading of the inscription <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00003.xml">C. 3</ref>. 2, Śrīpatīśvara seems to be a better reading than Saratīśvara.This is the name we reuse in this inscription.</note>

</app>

<lem><supplied reason="lost">hulu</supplied>n· śiliḥ</lem><note>the restitution, already proposed by Finot, is based on l. 8. At the end of the l. 4, the reading of a part of a subscript sign, which is most likely a <foreign>u</foreign>, shows there is no <foreign>akṣara</foreign> between <foreign>lau</foreign> and <foreign>hulun</foreign>.</note>

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<app loc="5"><lem>viñaiḥ</lem>

</app>

</app>

</app>

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<app loc="9"><lem>sā</lem><note>the shape of this <foreign>ā</foreign> is rare: instead of the usual vertical line attached to consonant, here it is engraved above the consonant and has a curving shape. It seems to have been added after the text was initially engraved.</note>

</app>

<lem>yām̃</lem><note>the disconnection between the two elements of the basic sign <foreign>yā</foreign> is rare: the first element is at the end of the l. 13 and the second one, composed of a vertical line, an <foreign>anusvāra-candra</foreign> and the vocalization, is at the beginning of the l. 14.</note>

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<lem>jaya buddheśvara</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Finot1903_04">jaya . ārtheśvara</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Jacques1977-1978_01">jaya – ddheśvara</rdg>

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<lem>nandabha<supplied reason="lost">d</supplied><unclear>ra</unclear></lem>

<note>this restitution was already proposed by Finot.</note>

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<app loc="18"><lem>tralām̃</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Finot1903_04">kalāṅ</rdg>

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<p>This is the capital of servants <supplied reason="subaudible">that</supplied> Y.P.K. Śrī Jayaparameśvaravarman gives to Y.P.K. Svayamutpanna and Y.K.P. Śrīpatīśvara <supplied reason="subaudible">under their</supplied> holy appearances.</p><p>Family of <foreign>mauk</foreign> Ajīp <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> of <foreign>mauk</foreign> Lau: servants are exchanged for <supplied reason="subaudible">those of</supplied> Viñaiḩ: 8 persons; family of <foreign>mauk</foreign> Āk: 4 persons; family of <foreign>mauk</foreign> Ayam̃p: 3 persons; family of <foreign>mauk</foreign> Rarauṅ: 7 persons; family of <foreign>mauk</foreign> Re: 7 persons; <foreign>ja</foreign> Patiḥ the servant is exchanged for these <supplied reason="subaudible">persons</supplied>: <foreign>mauk</foreign> Nik, <foreign>mauk</foreign> Svar, <foreign>ja</foreign> Śirā;</p><p>rice-field: one unit at Kumvyam̃l. In this place of great abundance <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> Ranok: 400 <foreign>jāk</foreign> with <foreign>tandom̃ laṅguv</foreign>. Khmer <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> Cam <supplied reason="subaudible">people</supplied> who are given to this domain: 30 persons;</p><p>a silver <foreign>tralāy</foreign> weighing 50 <foreign>thil</foreign>; a silver <foreign>sanrauṅ</foreign> weighing 36 <foreign>thil</foreign>.</p><p>What is given to Y.P.K. Śrī Jaya Buddheśvara: the Ranok ricefield, of great abundance, at Kumvyam̃l: 500 <foreign>jāk</foreign> with <foreign>tandom̃ laṅguv</foreign>. Khmer <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> Cam <supplied reason="subaudible">people</supplied> who are given to this domain: 30 persons.</p><p>The P.Y.P. heir Aṅ Nandabhadra, person of Turaiy Vijaya, gives: a silver <foreign>tralām̃</foreign> weighing 50 <foreign>thil</foreign>; a silver <foreign>sanrauṅ</foreign> weighing 30 <foreign>thil</foreign>.</p>

</div>

<div type="translation" xml:lang="fra" source="bib:Lepoutre2013_01"><p>Ceci est le capital des serviteurs <supplied reason="subaudible">que</supplied> Y.P.K. Śrī Jayaparameśvaravarman donne à Y.P.K. Svayamutpanna et à Y.K.P. Śrīpatīśvara <supplied reason="subaudible">sous leur</supplied> sainte apparence.</p><p>Famille de <foreign>mauk</foreign> Ajīp <supplied reason="subaudible">et</supplied> de <foreign>mauk</foreign> Lau : les serviteurs sont échangés contre <supplied reason="subaudible">ceux de</supplied> Viñaiḩ : 8 personnes ; famille de <foreign>mauk</foreign> Āk : 4 personnes ; famille de <foreign>mauk</foreign> Ayam̃p : 3 personnes ; famille de <foreign>mauk</foreign> Rarauṅ : 7 personnes : famille de <foreign>mauk</foreign> Re : 7 personnes ; <foreign>ja</foreign> Patiḥ le serviteur est échangé contre ces <supplied reason="subaudible">personnes-ci</supplied> : <foreign>mauk</foreign> Nik, <foreign>mauk</foreign> Svar, <foreign>ja</foreign> Śirā ;</p><p>rizière : un emplacement à Kumvyam̃l. En ce lieu de grande abondance <supplied reason="explanation">nommé</supplied> Ranok : 400 <foreign>jāk</foreign> avec <foreign>tandom̃ laṅguv</foreign>. Des Khmers <supplied reason="subaudible">et</supplied> des Cams qui sont donnés à ce domaine : 30 personnes ;</p><p>Un <foreign>tralāy</foreign> d'argent pesant 50 <foreign>thil</foreign> ; un <foreign>sanrauṅ</foreign> d'argent pesant 36 <foreign>thil</foreign>.</p><p>Ce qui est donné au Y.P.K. Śrī Jaya Buddheśvara : la rizière Ranok, de grande abondance, à Kumvyam̃l : 500 <foreign>jāk</foreign> avec <foreign>tandom̃ laṅguv</foreign>. Des Khmers <supplied reason="subaudible">et</supplied> des Cams qui sont donnés à ce domaine : 30 personnes.</p><p>Le P.Y.P. héritier Aṅ Nandabhadra, personne de Turaiy Viajaya, donne : un <foreign>tralām̃</foreign> d'argent pesant 50 <foreign>thil</foreign> ; un <foreign>sanrauṅ</foreign> d'argent pesant 30 <foreign>thil</foreign>.</p></div><!-- AL: <div type="commentary">

<p>Following <bibl><ptr target="cic-bibl:AC-1906"/></bibl>, <foreign>śvam̃l</foreign> (also found in <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00007.xml">C. 7</ref>) is a wrong reading for <foreign>khvam̃l</foreign>. The latter term is defined as a name or a designation meaning "family". <bibl><ptr target="cic-bibl:finot-1903"/>: <biblScope>647</biblScope></bibl> referred to <bibl><ptr target="cic-bibl:aymonier-1891"/>: <biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl> who translated <foreign>śvam̃l</foreign> "child". <bibl><ptr target="cic-bibl:jacques-1977"/>: <biblScope>1077-1078</biblScope></bibl> gathered these information and suggested that the term <foreign>śvam̃l</foreign> could be a doublet rather than a wrong reading.</p>

<p>Jacques says that one can find the word <foreign>mauk</foreign> elsewhere, in <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00006.xml">C. 6</ref> and <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00007.xml">C. 7</ref> and that this undoubtedly seems to indicate a certain category of persons, like <foreign>gho</foreign> or <foreign>si</foreign> in Khmer inscriptions (see <bibl><ptr target="cic-bibl:jacques-1977"/>: <biblScope>1078</biblScope></bibl>).</p>

<p>Concerning the word <foreign>re</foreign>, see the note in <bibl><ptr target="cic-bibl:ECIC-III"/>: <biblScope>474</biblScope></bibl> and <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00221.xml">C. 221</ref>.</p>

<p>About <foreign>tandom̃ laṅguv</foreign> (also occurred in <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00007.xml">C. 7</ref>), see the discussion in <bibl><ptr target="cic-bibl:ECIC-IV"/>: <check><biblScope>forthcoming</biblScope></check></bibl>.</p>

<p>The domain mentionned in this inscription must be the one of the gods. These persons are given to lands which are intended for worship of the gods.</p>

<p>The word <foreign>tralāy</foreign>/<foreign>tralam̃</foreign> (as -<foreign>ām̃</foreign> and -<foreign>āy</foreign> are the same) is also mentionned in <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00006.xml">C. 6</ref>, l. 4. It designates a cult instrument but we can not define this object further.</p>

<p>The term <foreign>vana 'nak</foreign> (also read in <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00006.xml">C. 6</ref>) is repertoried in <bibl><ptr target="cic-bibl:AC-1906"/></bibl>. In the same dictionary, the word <foreign>āk</foreign> (a wrong reading for <foreign>'nāk</foreign>) is said to be from the word <foreign>anāk</foreign> and means "heavy, weighing". Indeed, the term <foreign>vana 'nāk</foreign> always comes before the weight of an object and the object (qualified with the name of the metal it is made of and quantified) is always placed in front of the term <foreign>vana 'nāk</foreign> (see ll. 11-12, 12-13, 18-19, 19-20 of this inscription; <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00006.xml">C. 6</ref>, l. 2; <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00030A1.xml">C. 30 A1</ref>, ll. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20-21, 22; <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00031A1.xml">C. 31 A1</ref>, ll. 11-12, 13; <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00031B.xml">C. 31 B</ref>, ll. 2-3, 4, 5, 6 and <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00092.xml">C. 92</ref>, l. 11).

The information is always presented in the same way: object + metal + quantity + <foreign>vana 'nāk</foreign> + weight + unit of weight. The translation of Aymonier and Cabaton ("heavy, weighing") does not fit with <foreign>'nāk</foreign> but with <foreign>vana 'nāk</foreign>.</p>

<p>The word <foreign>sanrauṅ</foreign>/<foreign>sanraum̃</foreign> designates a cult instrument but we can not define it further.</p>

</div> --><div type="bibliography"><p>This inscription was edited and translated into French in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Finot1903_04"/><citedRange unit="page">646-647</citedRange></bibl>; summarised in English in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Majumdar1985_01"/><citedRange unit="page">209</citedRange></bibl>, whence <bibl><ptr target="bib:Golzio2004_01"/><citedRange unit="page">182</citedRange></bibl>. It was also studied in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Jacques1977-1978_01"/><citedRange unit="page">1077-1078</citedRange></bibl>. The present edition and translation after <bibl><ptr target="bib:Lepoutre2013_01"/><citedRange unit="page">223-225</citedRange></bibl>.</p>

</listBibl>

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