Guḍimallūr, Bhūmīśvara temple, time of Pāṇḍya Māṟavarman Kulaśēkharadēva, year 12

Editor: Dorotea Operato.

Identifier: DHARMA_INStfaSIIv41p0i0201.

Summary: Gathering of representatives of different villages, comprising members of the Right and Left hand classes, for the punishment of a culprit.

Hand description:

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (tfa) (tfa-sii-epigraphy).

Version: 2025-05-22 13:42 (9dba97d), last modified 2025-04-08 11:21 (4c6148e).

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

tiru-puvaṉa-c-cakkara-va⟨r⟩tti śrī-kula-c¡e!⟨ē⟩kara-t¡e!⟨ē⟩vaṟku yāṇṭu 1 10 2-vatu paṉṉiraṇṭ’ āvatu mēṣa-nāyaṟṟu-p pūṟuva-pakṣattu catu⟨r⟩tt¿e?⟨a⟩ciyum veḷḷi-k-kiḻamaiyum peṟṟa Aviṭṭattu nāḷ

jayaṅkoṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭalattu paṭuvūr-kōṭṭattu kalavai-p-paṟṟu karai-vaḻi ⟨2⟩ valliyūr Uṭaiyār kiṭāraṅ-koṇṭa-cōḷicuram-uṭaiya nāyiṉār kōyil keṅkai-koṇṭa-cōḻaṉ tiru-k-kāvaṇattu kalavai-p-paṟṟu Ānti-nāṭu Atti-p-paṟṟu muṟukaṉ-maṅkala-p-paṟṟu nāṭṭārum Akampaṭiyārum-āṉa nāṭṭārum maṟṟum valaṅkai-k-kaṭaitta cāti y-uḷḷārum Iṭaṅkai-k-kaṭaitta cā⟨3⟩ti(yil uḷḷārum) niṟai-vaṟa niṟaintu kuṟai-v-aṟa-k kūṭi-y-iruntu Eṅkaḷil icaintu [4+] ṉāyaṉāṟku Upaya-niccayittu-k kuṭutta paṭi

Irāca-t-turōkiyum-āy nāṭṭu-t-turōkiyum-āṉa [kollat]taraiyaṉai-k kolvat’ āka nāṭ’ āka-k kuvintu varukaiyil
Ivaṉ ⟨4⟩ Iṉ-ṉāyaṉār tiru-kōyil tiru-malaiyil mēl-ēṟi-y-irukkayil
iva¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ai-k kollum aḷavukku-t tiru-malaiyai (Iṟakki) kolla vēṇṭum eṉṟu collukaiyil
Ik-kō(yil) mākēcurar tāṉattār kavarippiṇā poṟkōyiṟ kaikkōḷarum ⟨5⟩ tiru-malaiyai Iṟakka-v-oṇṇāt’ eṉṟu collukaiyil
tiru-malai ⟨y-iṟakki⟩ koṉṟāl-t tiru-malaiku ceṉṟālē Iḻintu veḷḷiyilē puri-k kaṭṭavum

pūcaikku [4+] ⟨6⟩ (ṇakka) nāṅkaḷ vaitta Upaiyañ cantirātitta-varaiyu naṭatta-k-kaṭavat’ eṉṟu cammatittu Aṟuti paṇṇi-k-kuṭutta paṭi

Āṇṭ’ oṉṟu(kku vēli) Oṉṟukku kala-nellu Arai-p-paṇamum puñce-p-paṟṟukku-k kalatā⟨ṉiyam⟩ ⟨7⟩ y-eṟu cāttiṟaṅku cāttu pākku miḷaku potikku poti Oṉṟukku Oru paṇamu muppu-p-poti Eḷ-potikku poti Oṉṟukku Arai-p-paṇamu nellu [7+] potikku kāl-p paṇamu [4+] Oṉṟukku [4+] (cāla){?}taṟi Oṉṟukk’ oru paṇamu vāṇikar cekkuvāṇikar (ce) ⟨8⟩ koḷḷa-k kaṭavat’ ākavum

Ip-paṭi cammatittu Inta Upaiyañc cantirātitta-varai naṭatti-k kuṭukka-k [4+] ⟨9⟩ ṭuta turōkiyum-āṉa kollattaraiyṉai-k kolla tiru-malai Iṟakki y-ivaṉaiyuṅ koṉeṟu Inta [6+] ⟨10⟩ m eṭuttu-t taṇṭi-k koḷḷum paṭikku Uṭaiyār kiṭāraṅ-koṇṭa-cōḷīcuram-uṭaiya nāyaṉār ⟨11⟩ [3+] Uruttira-śrī-māyēcurar śrī-kāriyañ [3+] (ttārukkum) kavari¡p!⟨pp⟩iṇā poṟkōyil kaikkōḷarkkum śrī-vīra-pattirakkum Ip-paṭi (ca)mmatittu ⟨12⟩ kalliluñ cempilum veṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm [11+] maṟṟum valaṅkai Iṭaṅkai-k-kaṭaitta cātiyilu(ḷ) [6+] cantirātitta-varaiyum naṭatti-k koḷḷum paṭi ⟨13⟩ nāṭṭavarum Akampaṭi vēḷāṉum paḷḷiveḷāṉum I-vv-aṉaivōm

Ip-paṭṭāṅku nā(ṭṭā)rkku jayaṅkoṇṭa-cōḻa vēḷḷāṉ eḻuttu ||

śrī-mākēcura-Iraḳṣai

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī  tiru-puvaṉa-c-cakkara-va⟨r⟩tti śrī-kula-c¡e!⟨ē⟩kara-t¡e!⟨ē⟩vaṟku yāṇṭu 1 10 2-vatu paṉṉiraṇṭ’ āvatu mēṣa-nāyaṟṟu-p pūṟuva-pakṣattu catu⟨r⟩tt¿e?⟨a⟩ciyum veḷḷi-k-kiḻamaiyum peṟṟa Aviṭṭattu nāḷ   jayaṅkoṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭalattu paṭuvūr-kōṭṭattu kalavai-p-paṟṟu karai-vaḻi 
⟨2⟩ valliyūr Uṭaiyār kiṭāraṅ-koṇṭa-cōḷicuram-uṭaiya nāyiṉār kōyil keṅkai-koṇṭa-cōḻaṉ tiru-k-kāvaṇattu kalavai-p-paṟṟu Ānti-nāṭu Atti-p-paṟṟu muṟukaṉ-maṅkala-p-paṟṟu nāṭṭārum Akampaṭiyārum-āṉa nāṭṭārum maṟṟum valaṅkai-k-kaṭaitta cāti y-uḷḷārum Iṭaṅkai-k-kaṭaitta cā-
⟨3⟩ ti(yil uḷḷārum) niṟai-vaṟa niṟaintu kuṟai-v-aṟa-k kūṭi-y-iruntu Eṅkaḷil icaintu [****] ṉāyaṉāṟku Upaya-niccayittu-k kuṭutta paṭi     Irāca-t-turōkiyum-āy nāṭṭu-t-turōkiyum-āṉa [kollat]taraiyaṉai-k kolvat’ āka nāṭ’ āka-k kuvintu varukaiyil  Ivaṉ 
⟨4⟩ Iṉ-ṉāyaṉār tiru-kōyil tiru-malaiyil mēl-ēṟi-y-irukkayil iva¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ai-k kollum aḷavukku-t tiru-malaiyai (Iṟakki) kolla vēṇṭum eṉṟu collukaiyil Ik-kō(yil) mākēcurar tāṉattār kavarippiṇā poṟkōyiṟ kaikkōḷarum 
⟨5⟩ tiru-malaiyai Iṟakka-v-oṇṇāt’ eṉṟu collukaiyil tiru-malai ⟨y-iṟakki⟩ koṉṟāl-t tiru-malaiku ceṉṟālē Iḻintu veḷḷiyilē puri-k kaṭṭavum pūcaikku [****] 
⟨6⟩ (ṇakka) nāṅkaḷ vaitta Upaiyañ cantirātitta-varaiyu naṭatta-k-kaṭavat’ eṉṟu cammatittu Aṟuti paṇṇi-k-kuṭutta paṭi   Āṇṭ’ oṉṟu(kku vēli) Oṉṟukku kala-nellu Arai-p-paṇamum puñce-p-paṟṟukku-k kalatā⟨ṉiyam⟩ 
⟨7⟩ y-eṟu cāttiṟaṅku cāttu pākku miḷaku potikku poti Oṉṟukku Oru paṇamu muppu-p-poti Eḷ-potikku poti Oṉṟukku Arai-p-paṇamu nellu [*******] potikku kāl-p paṇamu [****] Oṉṟukku [****] (cāla){?}taṟi Oṉṟukk’ oru paṇamu vāṇikar cekkuvāṇikar (ce) 
⟨8⟩ koḷḷa-k kaṭavat’ ākavum   Ip-paṭi cammatittu Inta Upaiyañc cantirātitta-varai naṭatti-k kuṭukka-k [****] 
⟨9⟩ ṭuta turōkiyum-āṉa kollattaraiyṉai-k kolla tiru-malai Iṟakki y-ivaṉaiyuṅ koṉeṟu Inta [******] 
⟨10⟩ m eṭuttu-t taṇṭi-k koḷḷum paṭikku Uṭaiyār kiṭāraṅ-koṇṭa-cōḷīcuram-uṭaiya nāyaṉār 
⟨11⟩ [***] Uruttira-śrī-māyēcurar śrī-kāriyañ [***] (ttārukkum) kavari¡p!⟨pp⟩iṇā poṟkōyil kaikkōḷarkkum śrī-vīra-pattirakkum Ip-paṭi (ca)mmatittu 
⟨12⟩ kalliluñ cempilum veṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm [***********] maṟṟum valaṅkai Iṭaṅkai-k-kaṭaitta cātiyilu(ḷ) [******] cantirātitta-varaiyum naṭatti-k koḷḷum paṭi 
⟨13⟩ nāṭṭavarum Akampaṭi vēḷāṉum paḷḷiveḷāṉum I-vv-aṉaivōm   Ip-paṭṭāṅku nā(ṭṭā)rkku jayaṅkoṇṭa-cōḻa vēḷḷāṉ eḻuttu ||   śrī-mākēcura-Iraḳṣai  

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

Irāca-t-turōkiyum-āy nāṭṭu-t-turōkiyum-āṉa [kollat]taraiyaṉai-k kolvat’ āka nāṭ’ āka-k kuvintu varukaiyil
Ivaṉ ⟨4⟩ Iṉ-ṉāyaṉār tiru-kōyil tiru-malaiyil mēl-ēṟi-y-irukkayil
iva¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ai-k kollum aḷavukku-t tiru-malaiyai (Iṟakki) kolla vēṇṭum eṉṟu collukaiyil
Ik-kō(yil) mākēcurar tāṉattār kavarippiṇā poṟkōyiṟ kaikkōḷarum ⟨5⟩ tiru-malaiyai Iṟakka-v-oṇṇāt’ eṉṟu collukaiyil
tiru-malai ⟨y-iṟakki⟩ koṉṟāl-t tiru-malaiku ceṉṟālē Iḻintu veḷḷiyilē puri-k kaṭṭavum

pūcaikku [4+] ⟨6⟩ (ṇakka) nāṅkaḷ vaitta Upaiyañ cantirātitta-varaiyu naṭatta-k-kaṭavat’ eṉṟu cammatittu Aṟuti paṇṇi-k-kuṭutta paṭi

Ip-paṭṭāṅku nā(ṭṭā)rkku jayaṅkoṇṭa-cōḻa vēḷḷāṉ eḻuttu ||

śrī-mākēcura-Iraḳṣai

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ catu⟨r⟩tt¿e?⟨a⟩ciyum ⬦ catutteciyum SII.

Translation by Dorotea Operato

(1) Prosperity! Fortune!

(1) On the day of Aviṭṭam star, which coincides with a Friday, the fourteenth day of the first fortnight of the month of Cittirai, on the 12th regal year of king Tribhuvanacakravartin Kulaśēkharadeva,

(1–3) this is manner in which [we], the representatives, the chiefs of the Akampaṭiyars,¹ and also the people of Right-hand and Left-hand castes of Kalavaippaṟṟu, Āntināṭu, Attippaṟṟu, and Muṟukaṉmaṅkalappaṟṟu, having gathered fully without deficiency and sit in the glorious open hall (tiru-kāvaṇattu) of Keṅkaikoṇṭacōḻaṉ, in the temple of the god of Kiṭāraṅkoṇṭacoḷicuram of Valliyūr, in Karaivaḻi, in Kalavaippaṟṟu, in Paṭuvūr kōṭṭam, in Jayaṅkoṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭalam, and having mutually agreed (eṅkaḷilicaintu), have determined and given offerings to the god […]

(4–5)

since we came for catching and killing Kollattaraiyaṉ, who is a traitor to the king and to the country
since he has climbed up (mēl-ēṟi) in the vimāna roof (tiru-malaiyai) of the glorious temple of this god
since we said that we needed to dismantle (iṟakki kolla) the vimāna roof for killing him
since the administrators, functionaries and trustees (tāṉattār, kavarippiṇā, poṟkōyiṟ kaikkōḷarum) of this temple said that we could not dismantle (iṟakka-v-oṇṇāt’eṉṟu) the vimāna roof,
and so that, if the glorious vimāna is dismantled and destroyed, we shall reconstruct (puri-k kaṭṭavum) it in silver (veḷḷiyilē).

Having agreed that the offerings we have collected […] for the pūjā shall be provided until the the moon and sun endure, this is the manner in which we have drafted and issued an order.

(6–8) So that traders and merchants of oil should pay …[Details of the offerings]

(8–11) Having agreed in this manner, these offerings shall continue to be provided until the the moon and sun endure in the manner they have been collected and given […] having dismantled the glorious roof to execute Kollattaraiyan who is a traitor […] killed him.

(11–13) Having agreed like this, we all, the local chieftains, the Akampaṭi Vēḷāṉ, the temple custodians (paḷḷiveḷāṉum), and also those of the Right-hand and Left-hand castes, have authorised […]those who make the glorious service in the temple, the temple functionaries, temple trustees and the śrī-vīra-bhadras of [god] Uruttira Śrīmāyēcurar […] god of Kiṭāraṅkoṇṭacōḷīcuram to engrave this in stone and copper.

(13) This document was written by Jayaṅkoṇṭa-Cōḻa Vēḷḷāṉ for the districts’ representatives.

(13) [The endowment is under] the protection of Śrīmāyēcurar.

Commentary

Date = c.a. 1280-1325 A.D.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1905-1906 (ARIE/1905-1906/B/1905/419). Summary in Mahalingam 1985 (NA/728).

Edited in Rajagopal 2019 (SII 41.201).

This digital edition by Dorotea Operato, based on Rajagopal 2019.

Primary

[SII] Rajagopal, S. 2019. South Indian inscriptions. Volume XLI: Inscriptions collected during the year 1905. South Indian Inscriptions 41. New Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Director General). Pages 228–230, item 201.

Secondary

ARIE 1905-1906. G.O. No. 492, 2nd July 1906. Epigraphy. Recording the annual report of the Assistant Archaeological Superintendent for Epigraphy, Southern Circle, for the year 1905-1906, and directing that the report be forwarded to the Government of India. Edited by V. Venkayya. No place, 1906. Page 26, appendix B/1905, item 419.

Mahalingam, T. V. 1985. A topographical list of inscriptions in the Tamil Nadu and Kerala states. [Volume one: North Arcot district.] New Delhi: ICHR. Page 227, items NA-935.

Notes

1. Agricultural caste

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<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>yaṅkoṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭalattu paṭuvūr-kōṭṭattu kalavai-p-paṟṟu karai-vaḻi

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Āṇṭ’ oṉṟu<unclear>kku vēli</unclear> Oṉṟukku kala-nellu Arai-p-paṇamum puñce-p-paṟṟukku-k kalatā<supplied reason="omitted">ṉiyam</supplied>

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<lb n="9"/>ṭuta turōkiyum-āṉa kollattaraiyṉai-k kolla tiru-malai Iṟakki y-ivaṉaiyuṅ koṉeṟu Inta <gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="6"/>

<lb n="10"/>m eṭuttu-t taṇṭi-k koḷḷum paṭikku Uṭaiyār kiṭāraṅ-koṇṭa-cōḷīcuram-uṭaiya nāyaṉār

<lb n="11"/><gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="3"/> Uruttira-<hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-māyēcurar <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-kāriyañ <gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="3"/> <unclear>ttārukkum</unclear> kavari<choice><orig>p</orig><reg>pp</reg></choice>iṇā poṟkōyil kaikkōḷarkkum <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-vīra-pattirakkum Ip-paṭi <unclear>ca</unclear>mmatittu

<lb n="12"/>kalliluñ cempilum veṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm <gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="11"/> maṟṟum valaṅkai Iṭaṅkai-k-kaṭaitta cātiyilu<unclear>ḷ</unclear> <gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="6"/> cantirātitta-varaiyum naṭatti-k koḷḷum paṭi

<lb n="13"/>nāṭṭavarum Akampaṭi vēḷāṉum paḷḷiveḷāṉum I-vv-aṉaivōm

</p>

<p>

Ip-paṭṭāṅku nā<unclear>ṭṭā</unclear>rkku <hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>yaṅkoṇṭa-cōḻa vēḷḷāṉ eḻuttu <g type="ddanda">.</g>

</p>

<hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-mākēcura-Ira<hi rend="grantha">ḳṣ</hi>ai

</ab>

</div>

Prosperity! Fortune!

</p>

<p n="1">On the day of Aviṭṭam star, which coincides with a Friday, the fourteenth day of the first fortnight of the month of Cittirai, on the 12th regal year of king Tribhuvanacakravartin Kulaśēkharadeva,</p>

<p n="1-3">this is manner in which <supplied reason="subaudible">we</supplied>, the representatives, the chiefs of the Akampaṭiyars,<note>Agricultural caste</note> and also the people of Right-hand and Left-hand castes of Kalavaippaṟṟu, Āntināṭu, Attippaṟṟu, and Muṟukaṉmaṅkalappaṟṟu, having gathered fully without deficiency and sit in the glorious open hall <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiru-kāvaṇattu</foreign></supplied> of Keṅkaikoṇṭacōḻaṉ, in the temple of the god of Kiṭāraṅkoṇṭacoḷicuram of Valliyūr, in Karaivaḻi, in Kalavaippaṟṟu, in Paṭuvūr kōṭṭam, in Jayaṅkoṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭalam, and having mutually agreed <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>eṅkaḷilicaintu</foreign></supplied>, have determined and given offerings to the god <gap reason="lost"/></p>

<list>

<item>since we came for catching and killing Kollattaraiyaṉ, who is a traitor to the king and to the country</item>

<item>since he has climbed up <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mēl-ēṟi</foreign></supplied> in the <foreign>vimāna</foreign> roof <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiru-malaiyai</foreign></supplied> of the glorious temple of this god</item>

<item>since we said that we needed to dismantle <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iṟakki kolla</foreign></supplied> the <foreign>vimāna</foreign> roof for killing him</item>

<item>since the administrators, functionaries and trustees <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tāṉattār, kavarippiṇā, poṟkōyiṟ kaikkōḷarum</foreign></supplied> of this temple said that we could not dismantle <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iṟakka-v-oṇṇāt’eṉṟu</foreign></supplied> the <foreign>vimāna</foreign> roof,</item>

<item>and so that, if the glorious <foreign>vimāna</foreign> is dismantled and destroyed, we shall reconstruct <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>puri-k kaṭṭavum</foreign></supplied> it in silver <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>veḷḷiyilē</foreign></supplied>.</item>

</list>

Having agreed that the offerings we have collected <gap reason="lost"/> for the <foreign>pūjā</foreign> shall be provided until the the moon and sun endure, this is the manner in which we have drafted and issued an order.

</p>

<p n="6-8">So that traders and merchants of oil should pay <gap reason="ellipsis"/><supplied reason="subaudible">Details of the offerings</supplied></p>

<p n="8-11">Having agreed in this manner, these offerings shall continue to be provided until the the moon and sun endure in the manner they have been collected and given <gap reason="lost"/> having dismantled the glorious roof to execute Kollattaraiyan who is a traitor <gap reason="lost"/> killed him.

</p>

<p n="11-13"> Having agreed like this, we all, the local chieftains, the Akampaṭi Vēḷāṉ, the temple custodians <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paḷḷiveḷāṉum</foreign></supplied>, and also those of the Right-hand and Left-hand castes, have authorised <gap reason="lost"/>those who make the glorious service in the temple, the temple functionaries, temple trustees and the <foreign>śrī-vīra-bhadra</foreign>s of <supplied reason="subaudible">god</supplied> Uruttira Śrīmāyēcurar <gap reason="lost"/> god of Kiṭāraṅkoṇṭacōḷīcuram to engrave this in stone and copper.</p>

<p n="13"> This document was written by Jayaṅkoṇṭa-Cōḻa Vēḷḷāṉ for the districts' representatives.</p>

<p n="13"><supplied reason="subaudible">The endowment is under</supplied> the protection of Śrīmāyēcurar.</p>

</div>

</div>

<lem>catu<reg>r</reg>tt<choice><sic>e</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>ciyum</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Rajagopal2019_01">catutteciyum</rdg>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1905-1906"/></bibl> (ARIE/1905-1906/B/1905/419). Summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1985_01"/></bibl> (NA/728).</p>

<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Rajagopal2019_01"/></bibl> (SII 41.201).</p>

<p>This digital edition by Dorotea Operato, based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:Rajagopal2019_01"/></bibl>.</p>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>