Smaller Leiden plates, time of Rājakesarivarman Kulottuṅga Cōḻa, year 20

Version: (12f9233), last modified (ba8a90f).

Edition

Seal

⟨1⟩ puṇyaṃ kśoṇīśvara-sabhā-cū(ḍ)ā-ratnāy¿ā? śāsanaM śrī-kulottuṃga-co⟨⟨ḷasya⟩⟩ ⟨⟨rāja-kesari-varmanaḥ⟩⟩

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩

⟨1v1=1⟩ pukaḻ-mātu viḷaṅka jaya-mātu virumpa nila-makaḷ nilava malar-makaḷ puṇara Uriraimayiṟ ciṟanta maṇi-muṭi cū-

⟨1v2=2⟩ ṭi villavar kulaitara mīṉavar nilaikeṭa vikkalar ciṅkaṇar mēlkaṭal pāyat tikkaṉait tu¿ṉ?taṉ cakkara[m] naṭāt-

⟨1v3=3⟩ ti vīra-ciṅṅāsaṉattu-p puvaṉamuḻut-uṭaiyāḷoṭum vīṟṟ-irunt-aruḷiya kō-v-irāja-kēcari-panmar-āṉa cakka-

⟨1v4=4⟩ ra-varttikaḷ śrī-kulōttuṅka-cōḻa-tēvarkku yāṇṭu Iru-pat-āvatu Āyira-t-taḷi-y-ā¡n!a Āhavamalla-

⟨1v5=5⟩ -kulakāla-purattu kōyiliṉ uḷḷāl-t tiru-mañcaṉa-cālaiyil paḷḷi-⟨p⟩-pīṭam kāliṅkarājaṉil Eḻunt-aruḷi Irukka kiṭārat-

⟨1v6=6⟩ t’ araiyaṉ kēyamāṇikka-vaḷanāṭṭu-p paṭṭaṉa-k-kūṟṟattu cōḻa-kula-valli-paṭṭaṉattu Eṭuppitta rājen¡t!ra-cō-

⟨1v7=7⟩ a-p-perumpaḷḷikkum rājarāja-p-perumpaḷḷikkum paḷḷi-c-caṅtam-āṉa Ūrkaḷ paḻampaṭi y-antarāyamum vīra-

⟨1v8=8⟩ -śeṣaiyum paṇmai-paṇṭai-veṭṭiyum kuntāliyum cuṅka-mērāmum Uḷḷiṭṭaṉa v-ellām tavirn-

⟨1v9=9⟩ t’ amaikkum muṉpu paḷḷiccantaṅkaḷ kāṇi-y-uṭaiya kāṇi-Āḷarait tavira Ip-paḷḷi-c-caṅkattārkkē kāṇi-

⟨1v10=10⟩ -y-āka-p peṟṟamaikkum tāmra-śāsaṉam paṇṇi-t tara vēṇṭum eṉṟu kiṭāratt’ araiyar tūtaṉ rāja-vi-

⟨1v11=11⟩ dyadhara-śrī-sāman=taṉum Abhimānot=tuṃga-śrī-sāmantaṉum viṇṇappam ceyya Ip-paṭi sandhi-vigrahi-

⟨1v12=12⟩ rājavallabha-p-pallavaraiyaṉōṭuṅ kūṭa Iruntu tāmra-śāsanam paṇṇi-k kuṭukka v-eṉṟu Atikāri-

⟨1v13=13⟩ kaḷ rājen¡t!ra-ciṅka-m¡u!vēntavēḷārkku-t tiru-mukam prasādañ ceyt-aruḷi vara-t tāmra-śāsanañ ceyta paṭi kaṭāratt’ a-

⟨1v14=14⟩ raiyaṉ keyamāṇikka-vaḷanāṭṭu-⟨p⟩ paṭṭaṉa-k-kūṟṟattu-c cōḻa-kula-valli-paṭṭaṉattu Eṭuppitta rājarāja-⟨p⟩-perumpa⟨⟨⟨ḷ⟩ḷi⟩⟩-

⟨1v15=15⟩ ⟨⟨kku⟩⟩ paḷḷi-c-cantam keyamāṇikka-vaḷanāṭṭu-p paṭṭaṉa-k-kūṟṟattu Āṉaimaṅkalam nilan toṇṇūṟ⟨⟨ṟ’ ē⟩⟩ḻē Iraṇ-

⟨Page 2r⟩

⟨2r1=16⟩ ṭu mā-k-kāṇi Arai-k-kāṇiyum muṉp-uṭaiya kāṇi-Āḷarai-t tavira Ip-paḷḷi-c-caṅkattārkkē kāṇi y-ākavum Itu kāṇi-k-kaṭaṉ nellu

⟨2r2=17⟩ Eṇṇ-āyirattu-t toḷḷāyirattu nāṟ-pattu mu-k-kalanē Iru-tūṇi-k kuṟuṇi muṉ-ṉāḻiyiṉāl niccayitta nellu nāl-āyirat-

⟨2r3=18⟩ t’ aiñ-ñūṟṟu-k kalamum Aṉaimaṅkalattu brahmadeyam nilam paṉṉiraṇṭē mu-k-kaliṉāl nellu nā-nūṟṟu-k kala-

⟨2r4=19⟩ m niccayitta nellu Aiñ-ñūṟṟ’ aṟupatiṉ kalamum Iṉ-ṉāṭṭu muñci-kuṭi nilam Iṟupatt’ ēḻē mu-k-kālē mu-k-kāṇi A-

⟨2r5=20⟩ rai-k-kāṇiyiṉāl kāṇi-k-kaṭaṉ nellu Iraṇṭ’ āyiratt’ ēḻu-nūṟr’ eḻu-patt’ oṉpatiṉ ka(la)n(ē) tūṇi

⟨2r6=21⟩ nā-nāḻi niccayitta nellu Āyiratt’ eṇṇūṟṟu-k kalamum tiruvārūr-k-kūṟṟattu Ām¡u!r nila-

⟨2r7=22⟩ m nūṟṟ’ āṟē mākāṇiyil kāṇi-k-kaṭaṉ nellu-p pati¡n! āyiratt’ aṟu-nūṟṟu-k kalānē

⟨2r8=23⟩ kuṟuṇi aṟu-nāḻi niccayitta nellu Aiyy-āyiratt’ eṇṇūṟṟ’ aim-patiṉ kalamum Aḷa-nāṭ-

⟨2r9=24⟩ ṭu vaṭa-kuṭi-y-ā¡n!a nāṇalūr nilam Eḻupatē mu-k-kālē nāṉ-mā-v-araiyiṉāl kāṇi-k-kaṭaṉ ne-

⟨2r10=25⟩ llu Āṟ-āyiratt’ aiññūṟṟ’ orupattu nāṟ-kalanē Aiṅ-kuṟuṇi Oru-nāḻi niccayitta nellu Iraṇṭ’ ā-

⟨2r11=26⟩ yiratt’ eṇṇūṟṟu nāṟ-{p}-patiṉ kalamum Iṉ-ṉāṭṭu-k k¡i!ḻ-c-cantira-p-pāṭi nilam pattē Iraṇṭu māk-kāṇi

⟨2r12=27⟩ Arai-k-kāṇi muntirikai k¡i!ḻ mu-k-kāliṉāl kāṇi-k-kaṭaṉ nellu Āyiratt’ oru-patt’ iru-kalanē Aiṅ-kuṟuṇiyum Iṉ-ṉā-

⟨2r13=28⟩ ṭṭu-p pālaiyūr brahmadeyam nilam Aṟupa{⟨⟨t⟩⟩}tē mu-k-kāliṉāl nellu Āyira-k-kalam niccayitta nellu Āyiratt’ ai-

⟨2r14=29⟩ ññūṟṟu kalamum jayaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻa-vaḷanāṭṭu-k kuṟumpūr-nāṭṭu-p putta-k-kuṭi nilam Eṉpa⟨⟨t⟩⟩t’ ⟨⟨ē⟩⟩ḻē

⟨2r15=30⟩ kāliṉāl kāṇi-k-kaṭaṉ nellu Eṇṇ-āyiratt’ ēḻu-nūṟṟ’ iru-patiṉ kalanē tūṇi nā-nāḻi niccayitta nellu {Ā}

⟨Page 2v⟩

⟨2v1=31⟩ Āṟ-āyiratt’ oru-nūṟṟ’ ēḻu (ḻa)⟨⟨ka⟩⟩lamum vijaya-rājen¡t!ra-cōḻa-vaḷanāṭṭu Iṭai-k-kaḻi-nāṭ-

⟨2v2=32⟩ ṭu Utaiya-mā⟨r⟩ttāṇṭa-nallūr nilam m¡u!ṉṟē m¡u!ṉṟu māviṉāl nellu nūṟṟu

⟨2v3=33⟩ mu-p-patt’ aiṅ-kalanē mu-k-kuṟuṇi muṉ-ṉāḻi Itu puṉ-cey varicai-p paṭi iṟai-

⟨2v4=34⟩ -k-kaṭṭu-t tiru-vāy-moḻint-aruliṉa paṭi nellu Eḻu-patt’ eṇ kalaṉ{n}ēy Aiṅ-kuṟuṇi

⟨2v5=35⟩ Itil Ip-paḷḷikku-p pātiyum Ivv-ūrkaḷil pala pāṭṭaṅkaḷ Uḷḷiṭṭa Antarāya-

⟨2v6=36⟩ mum paṉmai-paṇṭa-veṭṭiyum Uṭpaṭa-k kaṭava kācum nellum Ip-paḷḷik-

⟨Page 3r⟩

⟨3r1=37⟩ ku vēṇṭum nivan=taṅkalukku Iṟuppat-āka Iṟai-y-ili Iṭṭamaikkum Ip-pāḷḷi-c-cantaṅkaḷ muṉ-

⟨3r2=38⟩ p-uṭaiya kāṇi-Āḷarai-t tavira-k kuṭi n¡i!kki Ip-paḷḷi-c-caṅkattārkkē kāṇi-y-āka kuṭuttōm eṉṟum

⟨3r3=39⟩ keyamāṇik=ka-vaḷanāṭṭu-p paṭṭaṉa-k-kūṟṟattu-c cōḻa-kula-valli-paṭṭaṉattu śrī-śailendra-cūḍamaṇiva

⟨3r4=40⟩ rmma-vihāram-āṉa rājarāja-p-perumpaḷḷikku-p paḷḷi-nilaiyam paḷḷi-viḻākamum Uṭpaṭṭa Ellai k¡i!-

⟨3r5=41⟩ -pārk’ ellai kaṭaṟ-karai maṇaṟ-kuṉṟ’ uṭpaṭa mēṟkum teṉ-pāṟk’ ellai pukai-

⟨3r6=42⟩ -¡U!⟨ṇ⟩ṇi-k-kiṇaṟṟukku vaṭakkum Itaṉ mēṟkku-p tiru-v¡i!raṭṭāṉam-uṭaiya mahādevar nilattu-

⟨3r7=43⟩ kku vaṭakkum Itaṉ mēṟku-p paravai-k-kuḷattu mārāyaṉ kalluvitta kuḷattil vaṭa-karai mērku nō-

⟨3r8=44⟩ kki kāraikkār-p-peru-vaḻi y-uṟa vaṭakkum mēl-pāṟk’ ellai kāraikkār-p-peru-vaḻikku-k kiḻakkum

⟨3r9=45⟩ vaṭa-pāṟk’ ellai cōḻa-kula-valli-paṭṭaṉattu nilam vaṭa-kāṭaṉ pāṭi ellaikku-y teṟkum Āka Iṉ-

⟨Page 3v⟩

⟨3v1=46⟩ -ṉāṅk’ ellaikk’ uṭ{p}paṭṭa nilam muppatt’ oṉṟē mukkālē Iraṇṭu mā muntirikai Itu An-

⟨3v2=47⟩ tarāyamum paṉmai-paṇṭa-veṭṭiyum maṟṟum Eppērppaṭṭ¿i?tum Uṭpaṭa Ip-paḷḷikkē Iṟai-y-i-

⟨3v3=48⟩ li kuṭuttōm Ip-paṭi ceytu kuṭukka v-e¡n!ṟu tiru-vāy-moḻint-aruḷi-t tiru-mukam prasātañ ceyt-aru-

⟨3v4=49⟩ ḷi vantatu tāmra-sāsaṉam paṇṇi kuṭukka v-e¡n!ṟu san=t¿u?vi¿griha?kaḷ rāja-vallava-p-pallavaraiyarum A-

⟨3v5=50⟩ tikarikaḷ rājentira-ciṅka-m¡u!vēntavēḷārum colla It-tāmra-sāsanam Eḻuti-

⟨3v6=51⟩ nēṉ Uṭkkōṭi vikkiramaparaṇa-t terinta {vala}valaṅkai vēḷaikkāṟaril nilai-y-uṭaiya paṇai-

⟨3v7=52⟩ yāṉ ṉikarili-cōḻa¡n! maturā¡ṉ!takaṉ-ēṉ Ivai Eṉ Eluttu

Apparatus

Seal

⟨1⟩ °cū(ḍ)ā° ⬦ °cūḍā° KVSThe letter looks like the letter s.

Plates

⟨1⟩ puṇara ⬦ pu(ṇa)ra KVS.

⟨51⟩ {vala}valaṅkai KVSpala pala vakai B.

⟨52⟩ ṉikarili° ⬦ nikarili° KVS.

Translation into Sanskrit

Seal

1.

[This is] a meritorious order by the glorious Kulottuṅga Cōḻa Rājakesarivarman, [which is borne on] the crest-jewels of the assembly of the kings.1

Bibliography

Edited and translated in Burgess and Naṭeśa Śāstrī 1886, in Subrahmanya Aiyer [1938] 1933–1934 (EI 22.35).

Later reported in ARIE 1961-62 (ARIE/1961-1962/A/1961-1962/39).

This edition by Emmanuel Francis.

Primary

[B] Burgess, James and Naṭeśa Śāstrī. 1886. Tamil and Sanskrit inscriptions with some notes on village antiquitties collected chiefly in the South of the Madras presidency. Archaeological Survey of Southern India 4. Madras: Government Press. Pages 224–227.

[KVS] Subrahmanya Aiyer, K. V. [1938] 1933–1934. “The Smaller Leiden plates.” EI 22, pp. 267–281.

Secondary

ARIE 1961-62. Annual report on Indian epigraphy for 1961-62. Edited by H. K. Narasimhaswami and G. S. Gai. Ootacamund, 1966. Page 41, appendixes A/1961-1962, item 39.

Notes

  1. 1. This translation, which parallels that of other legends on Cōḻa seals, is based on assuming that ratnāya (’for the jewel’) stands for ratneṣu (’on the jewels’). However, KVS notes: “It seems to me, however, that the compound must have specific reference to the saṅgha of the Buddhist church (paḷḷi) erected at Nāgapaṭṭaṉam by king Cūḍāmaṇivarman of Kaṭāha. Sabhā in the legend is no doubt a synonym of saṅgha: and the term ratna, which is often applied to the Buddha, Dharma and Saṅgha, the sole resorts of the Buddhists, is highly suggestive of and favourable to connecting sabhā with the Buddhist shrine and creed. There is yet another suggestion contained in the terms used in the same compound: cūḍāratna may be taken to stand for cūḍāmāṇi, perhaps a contracted form of cūḍāmaṇivarma-vihāra, which was the name of the Buddhist monument called after its royal founder Cūḍāmaṇivarman: but the intervening position of the word sabhā between ksoṇīśvara and cūḍaratna makes the interpretation difficult. Had the word sabhā with the appropriate termination been used at the end of the compound, it would have been quite easy to interpret the word into "to the saṅgha of (the vihāra erected by) king Cūḍāmaṇivarman" which, it seems, was intended to be conveyed by the legend.