Kīḻmuṭṭukūr hero-stone, time of Parakesarivarman, year 32

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Contributor: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Language: Tamil (tam) [Grantha (grantha), Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: Tamil Nadu (varia) (tfa-tamilnadu-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00161.

File path: DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00161.xml.

Version: 2026-08-14 13:24 (69e3379), last modified 2026-07-17 15:32 (b80acdf).

Edition

⟨1⟩ śrī
⟨2⟩ matirai ko-
⟨3⟩ ṇṭa kō-p-para-
⟨4⟩ -kēcari-va(n)maṟku y(ā)-
⟨5⟩ ṇṭu muppattu Ira(ṇ)-
⟨6⟩ ṭ-āvatu vaṭa-karai
⟨7⟩ mukkuṭṭūr ku-
⟨8⟩ māra-(na)ntai puḻa-
⟨9⟩ (la)ppaṉ pu-
⟨10⟩ li kutti-
⟨11⟩ ¡n!a karai-ṉā-
⟨12⟩ ṭu

Translation by Hultzsch 1896–1897

⟨1⟩ Prosperity! In the thirty-second year ⟨of the reign⟩ of king Parakēsarivarman who conquered Madirai. ⟨This is⟩ the spot on the embankment, at which a tiger was stabbed by Kumāra-(Na)ndai Puḻa(la)ppaṉ of Mukkuṭṭūr, a village on the northern bank ⟨of the Pālāṟu river⟩.

Translation

⟨1⟩ Prosperity!

⟨2–6⟩ Thirty-second year of the king Parakesarivarman who took Maturai.

⟨4–12⟩ ⟨This is⟩ the enbankment (karai) place (nāṭu) where Kumāra Nantai Puḻalappaṉ ⟨of⟩ Mukkuṭṭūr, (on) the northern bank, pierced/stabbed (kuttiṉa) a tiger.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1895–96 (ARIE/1895-1896/B/1896/2).

Edited and translated in Hultzsch 1896–1897 (EI 4.22C).

This edition by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on Hultzsch 1896–1897 and photos (E. Francis 2024).

Primary

[EH] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1896–1897. “Three Tamil inscriptions at Kil-Muttugur.” EI 4, pp. 177–179. Page 179.

Secondary

ARIE 1895–96. G.O. Nos. 814-15, 6th August 1896. Epigraphy. Reviewing the report on epigraphical work accomplished during 1895-96 and directing ist transmission to the Government of India. Edited by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department, 1896. Page 8, appendix B/1896, item 2.

Sivaramamurti, C. 1948. Indian epigraphy and South Indian scripts. Bulletin of the Madras Government Museum New Series, General Section, 3.4. Madras: Government Museum. Plate VII (b).

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vaṭa-karai

<lb n="7"/>mukkuṭṭūr ku

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Prosperity! In the thirty-second year <supplied reason="subaudible">of the reign</supplied> of king Parakēsarivarman who conquered Madirai. <supplied reason="subaudible">This is</supplied> the spot on the embankment, at which a tiger was stabbed by Kumāra-<unclear>Na</unclear>ndai Puḻa<unclear>la</unclear>ppaṉ of Mukkuṭṭūr, a village on the northern bank <supplied reason="subaudible">of the Pālāṟu river</supplied>.

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Prosperity!

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Thirty-second year of the king Parakesarivarman who took Maturai.

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<supplied reason="subaudible">This is</supplied> the enbankment <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>karai</foreign></supplied> place <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nāṭu</foreign></supplied> where

Kumāra Nantai Puḻalappaṉ <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> Mukkuṭṭūr, <supplied reason="explanation">on</supplied> the northern bank,

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