Tirunaḷḷāṟu, Tarppāraṇyēcuvarar, time of Rājādhirāja, year 27

Authors of digital edition: G. Vijayavenugopal (vija), Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: A fragment recording the change of status of a land.

Palaeographic description: No distinction between e and ē, nor between o and ō. Medial i and ī interchangeable. Occasional distinction between mū and mū.

Language: Tamil (tam).

Version: 2025-10-06 18:49 (d8a79ed), last modified 2025-09-24 17:36 (bd2b08c).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī yāṇṭu Irupatt’ ēḻ-āvatu nāḷ toṇṇūṟiṉāl kō-v¡i!ra-pāṇṭiyaṉ talaiyum […] […]
⟨2⟩ yiṉāl Arumoḻi-tēva-c-caruppēti-maṅkalam pū(r)vva-tēcamum kaṅkaiyum kaṭāramum koṇṭ-aruḷiṉa […]
⟨3⟩ vakaiyālaṉ veḷḷāṉvakai varicai-k k¡i!ḻ Iṟai-k kuṭal-āka nilattukku-t tavirntu I¡ṉ!-nila munnāḷ […]
⟨4⟩ variyil iṭa-t tiru-vāy-moḻi¡ṉ!t-aruḷiṉā{r}r eṉṟu tirumantira-Ōlai caḷukki-kulakāla-mūvē¡ṉ!tavēḷāṉ […]
⟨5⟩ cēkaranallūr kiḻavar Arai(yar) [***] yilūraṉ maṇṇai koṇṭa cōḻa-mūvē¡ṉ![tavēḷāṉ] […]
⟨6⟩ ḷārum kṣattra-cikāmaṇi-vaḷa(nāṭṭu) [***********] (cōḻa-mūvē)[tavēḷā]ṉ Aiya [*******] ḷar […]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ talaiyum […] ⬦ talaiyum [.]e K+V.

⟨2⟩ pū(r)vva° ⬦ pūḻu⟨va⟩° K+V; pūḻu(va)° VVG. — ⟨2⟩ koṇṭ-aruḷiṉa […] ⬦ koṇṭ-aruḷi [7+] K+V; pūḻu(va)° VVG.

⟨3⟩ vakaiyālaṉ ⬦ va Ayiravaṉ K+V. — ⟨3⟩ k¡i!⟨ī⟩ḻ ⬦ kiḻ VVG; kīḻ K+V. — ⟨3⟩ Iṟai-k kuṭal-āka nilattukku-t ⬦ VVG; Innāṭṭu paṭa [3+] lattukku-t K+V. — ⟨3⟩ munnāḷ […] ⬦ muṉtiri(k)ai [5+] K+V.

⟨4⟩ caḷukki ⬦ caḷukkik K+V VVG. — ⟨4⟩ kulakāla-mūvē¡ṉ!⟨n⟩tavēḷāṉ […] ⬦ VVG; kulakāla-muve¡ṉ!⟨n⟩ta [12+] K+V.

⟨5⟩ Arai(yar)[ca. 3+] ⬦ A[.]ai [4+] K+V; Araiyar [6+] VVG. — ⟨5⟩ cōḻa-mūvē¡ṉ!⟨n⟩[tavēḷāṉ][…] ⬦ coḻa-muveṉta(v)e(ḷār) [9+] K+V; cōḻa-mūvēṉta [6+] VVG.

⟨6⟩ kṣattra-cikā-vaḷa(nāṭṭu) ⬦ kūṭi tirumaṇi-vaḷa [3+] K+V; kṣattriya-cikāmaṇi-vaḷanāṭṭu VVG. — ⟨6⟩ [ca. 11+](cōḻa-mūvē)[tavēḷā]ṉ ⬦ [2+] Irumaṭi mu [3+] ṉ K+V; [4+] ṉ cōḻa mūvē [6+] ṉ VVG. — ⟨6⟩ Aiya [ca. 7+] ḷar […] ⬦ Aiya(ṉ) [6+] K+V; Aiya [5+] VVG.

Translation

⟨1⟩ Prosperity! Fortune!

⟨1⟩ Twenty seventh year, ninetieth day of […] [who took] the head of the heroic Pāṇḍya king.

⟨1–6⟩ … Arumoḻitēvaccaruppētimaṅkalam … who graciously took the Eastern country, the Ganges and Kaṭāram … Vakaiyālaṉ … of the veḷḷāṉvakai category (varicai) … the tirumantiravōlai Caḷukki-kulakāla-mūvēntavēḷāṉ, having said (eṉṟu) that, so that it is put in the account (variyil iṭa), he¹ graciously uttered with his glorious mouth … the chief (araiyar), lord (kiḻavar) of Cēkaranallūr, […]yilūraṉ Cōḻa-mūvēntavēḷāṉ, who took Maṇṇai … of the Kṣatra-cikāmaṇi-vaḷanāṭu …

Commentary

⟨2⟩ Kaṭāram is a port in Southeast Asia. The phrase "who graciously took the Eastern country, the Ganges and Kaṭāram" is formulaic and found in many cōḻa inscriptions.

Bibliography

First edited in Kuppusamy and Vijayavenugopal 2006 (PI 451). First translated in Kuppusamy and Vijayavenugopal 2010 (PI 451). Re-edited in Vicayavēṇukōpāl 2017 (Tirunaḷḷāṟu 1), with photo and the text (most probably unrelated) on the next two blocks of the base edited in continuation for lines 1-5.

This edition revised by G. Vijayavenugopal (2019). Review and updates (based on photos by N. Ramaswamy), encoding, critical apparatus and translation by Emmanuel Francis (2020).

Primary

[K+V] Kuppusamy, Bahour S. and G. Vijayavenugopal. 2006. Pondicherry inscriptions. Part I: Introduction and texts with notes = Putuccēri mānilak kalveṭṭukkaḷ. Pondichéry: Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient; Institut français de Pondichéry. Item 451, pages 392–393.

[K] Kuppusamy, Bahour S. and G. Vijayavenugopal. 2010. Pondicherry inscriptions. Part II: Translation, appendices, glossary and phrases, [and] preface = Putuccēri mānilak kalveṭṭukkaḷ. Pondichéry: Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient; Institut français de Pondichéry. Item 451, page 188.

[VVG] Vicayavēṇukōpāl, Kō. 2017. tirunaḷḷāṟu aruḷmikku tarppāraṇyecvarar tirukkōyil kalveṭṭukaḷ. Tirunaḷḷāru: aruḷmikku Tarppāraṇyecvarar tirukkōyil tēvastānam. Item 1, pages 14–15.

Secondary

ARIE 1965-66. Annual report on Indian epigraphy for 1965-66. Edited by Govind Swamirao Gai. n.p. Page 85, appendixes B/1965-1966, item 435.

Notes

1. That is, the king.

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<p n="1">Prosperity! Fortune!</p>

<p n="1">Twenty seventh year, ninetieth day of <gap reason="lost"/> <supplied reason="lost">who took</supplied> the head of the heroic Pāṇḍya king.</p>

Arumoḻitēvaccaruppētimaṅkalam

who graciously took the Eastern country, the Ganges and Kaṭāram

Vakaiyālaṉ

of the <foreign>veḷḷāṉvakai</foreign> category <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>varicai</foreign></supplied>

the <foreign>tirumantiravōlai</foreign> Caḷukki-kulakāla-mūvēntavēḷāṉ, having said <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>eṉṟu</foreign></supplied> that, so that it is put in the account <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>variyil iṭa</foreign></supplied>, he<note>That is, the king.</note> graciously uttered with his glorious mouth

the chief <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>araiyar</foreign></supplied>, lord <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kiḻavar</foreign></supplied> of Cēkaranallūr, <gap reason="lost"/>yilūraṉ Cōḻa-mūvēntavēḷāṉ, who took Maṇṇai

of the Kṣatra-cikāmaṇi-vaḷanāṭu

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<lb n="2"/>Kaṭāram is a port in Southeast Asia. The phrase "who graciously took the Eastern country, the Ganges and Kaṭāram" is formulaic and found in many cōḻa inscriptions.

</p>

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First edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01"/></bibl> (PI 451).

First translated in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Kuppusamy+al2010_01"/></bibl> (PI 451).

Re-edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01"/></bibl> (Tirunaḷḷāṟu 1), with photo and the text (most probably unrelated) on the next two blocks of the base edited in continuation for lines 1-5.

</p>

<p>

This edition revised by G. Vijayavenugopal (2019).

Review and updates (based on photos by N. Ramaswamy), encoding, critical apparatus and translation by Emmanuel Francis (2020).

</p>

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METADATA:

Tarppāraṇyēcuvarar, central shrine, southern base

Main shrine, southern base, one block.

On a block of the base.

Tamil language and script.

6 lines.

Incomplete.

In situ.

-->