Tiruppāmpuram, Cēṣapurīśvara, time of Tribhuvana Vīra, year 35

Editors: Renato Dávalos, Emmanuel Francis.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00018.

Summary: Grant of privileges and honours (place of honour during temple service, temple service charge) to Nāṟpatteṇṇāyiramāṇikkam, a temple woman (tēvaraṭiyār), in return for her donations.

Hand description:

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: Tamil Nadu (varia) (tfa-tamilnadu-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-12-03 11:32 (12f3008), last modified 2024-06-08 21:36 (89d13d7).

⟨1⟩ (svasti śrī)

(maturaiyum Īḻamum karuvūrum pāṇṭiyaṉ muṭi-t-talai)yuṅ koṇṭu vīrā-Api(ṣe)(kamum vi)jayā-Apiṣ⟨e⟩kamum paṇṇi-Aruḷi¡n!⟨ṉ⟩a śrī-tirupu-vaṉa-vīra-tēvarkku yāṇṭu mu-p-patt-añc-āvatu taṉu-nāyaṟṟu pūrva-pakṣa(t)tu nāyaṟṟu-kiḻamaiyum saptamiyum

⟨2⟩ [3+] kōyil Āti-caṇṭēśvara-tēvar tēvar-kaṉmikaḷōm Ik-kōyil tēvaraṭiyāril Uṭaiyavaḷ-āṉa nāṟ-patt-eṇṇ-āyira-māṇikkam Iṉ-ṉāya¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ār kōyilukku tiru-vācura-nāya¡n!⟨ṉ⟩āraiyum periya tēvaraiyum n(ācciyāraiyum) [7+] (I)⟨3⟩ṟ(ai)-y-ili-yum ceytu tiru-k-kaṟṟaḷi [.]e [9+] peṟṟimaiyil

Ik-kōyil tiru-v-eḻucciyil A[1+]kaṭicaṟkak muṟaiyum
tiru-vēṭṭaiyil muttaṭaiyum
tiru-mārkaḻi tiru-v-ātirai tiru-¿A?⟨vem⟩mpāvai Eḻuppu-p-pāvaiyum

[6+] ⟨4⟩ [3+] vaṟkkatāṟkum Ik-kōyil [6+] tēvar-kaṉmikaḷōm

Ivai kōyil-kaṇakku mu-ṉ-ṉūṟṟuva-p-piriyaṉ Eḻuttu
Ivai cī-kāriyam teṉṉavaṉ mū-vēṉta-vēḷāṉ Eḻuttu
Ivai śrī-māhēśvara-k-kaṇkāṇi koṇṭāṉ Eḻuttu
[3+] Ivai tēvakaṉmam mu-ṉ-ṉūṟṟuva-paṭṭaṉ Eḻuttu
Ivai pālaṟāvāyaṉ Eḻuttu|
Ivai Amu(taṉ) campaṉtaṉ Eḻuttu|

Translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis

(1) Prosperity! Fortune!

(1) Thirty-fifth year of the glorious king Tribhuvana Vīra¹, who, having taken Maturai, Īḻam, Karuvūr and the crowned head of the Pāṇḍya, graciously performed the heroic anointment and the victorious anointment, month of Taṉu², first forthnight, a Sunday, [tithi] seven.

(2–5) We, the temple officers/servants [of] the god Āticaṇṭēśvara [of] the temple […], in reason of the greatness (peṟṟimaiyil) that Nāṟpatteṇṇāyiramāṇikkam alias Uṭaiyavaḷ, one among the god’s devotees (tēvaraṭiyār³) of this temple, [showed in favour of] the glorious stone temple, by [installing] Tiruvācuranāyaṉār, Periya Tēvar, and Nācciyār for the temple of this Lord and by making tax-free […]⁴, [We have granted her] and those in her lineage (vaṟkkatāṟkum)

a turn (muṟai) … (A[+]kaṭicaṟkak) at the time of tiruveḻucci⁵
a … (muttaṭai) at the time of the glorious hunt (tiruvēṭṭai)⁶,
the [charge of] rousing lady (eḻuppu-p-pāvai) [chanting] the Tiruvempāvai (tiru-¿A?⟨vem⟩mpāvai)[at the time of] Tiruvātirai [festival in the month] of glorious Mārkaḻi,

We, the temple officers/servants [of] this temple.

(5)

These are the signature of Muṉṉūṟṟuvappiriyaṉ, the temple accountant.
These are the signature of ...
These are the signature of ...
These are the signature of ...
These are the signature of ...
These are the signature of ...

Commentary

According to Krishna Sastri 1911, the same Nāṟpatteṇṇāyiramāṇikkam is also mentioned in ARIE/1910-1911/C/1911/92, which records a “sale of land to the temple for the worship of Periya Tēvar and Nācciyār, set up therein by a dancing girl.”

Bibliography

Reported in Krishna Sastri 1911 (ARIE/1910-1911/C/1911/94).

Edited in Patmāvati and Nākacāmi 1979 (NK 134).

Translated in Orr 2000, pp. 18–19.

This digital edition by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2023), based on Patmāvati and Nākacāmi 1979. This translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024).

Primary

[P] Patmāvati, Ā. 1979. Naṉṉilam kalveṭṭukkaḷ: mutal tokuti. Tamiḻnāṭṭu kalvetṭukaḷ 12. Ceṉṉai: Tamiḻnāṭu Aracu Tolporuḷ Āyvuttuṟai. Item 134.

Secondary

Krishna Sastri, H. 1911. G.O. No. 832, 28th July 1911. Epigraphy. Recording the progress report of the Assistant Archaeological Superintendent for epigraphy, Southern Circle, for the year 1910-1911. No place. Page 38, appendixes C/1910-1911, item 94.

Orr, Leslie C. 2000. Donors, devotees, and daughters of god, temple women in medieval Tamilnadu. New York: Oxford University Press.

Notes

1. That is, Kulottuṅga III. Orr 2000 (p. 19) dates this record to 1213 CE, but incorrectly locates it at the Kālahastīśvara temple in Tirumpampuram. The Kālahastīśvara temple is in fact in Kuḷikkarai. See ARIE/1910-1911/C/1911/82-84.
2. Sanskrit Dhanu.
3. That is, a temple women, according to Orr 2000’s definition (see pp. 52ff.).
4. That is, Nāṟpatteṇṇāyiramāṇikkam set up image of these deities in this temple and also made tax-free land endowments. See Orr 2000 (p. 18).
5. That is, “a position (muṟai) when worship is offered at the early morning service (tiruveḻucci)” according to Orr 2000 (p. 18). The term muṟai maybe more properly designates a turn, that is, a time-slot for a temple service provided in turns by several officiants.
6. That is, “a senior (?) place at the hunting festival (tiruveṭṭai)” according to Orr 2000 (p. 18).

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<p n="1">Prosperity! Fortune!</p>

<p n="1">Thirty-fifth year of the glorious king Tribhuvana Vīra<note>That is, Kulottuṅga III. <bibl><ptr target="bib:Orr2000_01"/></bibl> (p. 19) dates this record to 1213 CE, but incorrectly locates it at the Kālahastīśvara temple in Tirumpampuram. The Kālahastīśvara temple is in fact in Kuḷikkarai. See ARIE/1910-1911/C/1911/82-84.</note>, who, having taken Maturai, Īḻam, Karuvūr and the crowned head of the Pāṇḍya, graciously performed the heroic anointment and the victorious anointment, month of Taṉu<note>Sanskrit Dhanu.</note>, first forthnight, a Sunday, <supplied reason="subaudible"><foreign>tithi</foreign></supplied> seven.</p>

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According to <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1910-1911"/></bibl>, the same Nāṟpatteṇṇāyiramāṇikkam is also mentioned in ARIE/1910-1911/C/1911/92, which records a <quote>sale of land to the temple for the worship of Periya Tēvar and Nācciyār, set up therein by a dancing girl.</quote></p>

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<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1910-1911"/></bibl> (ARIE/1910-1911/C/1911/94).</p>

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<p>Translated in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Orr2000_01"/><citedRange unit="page">18-19</citedRange></bibl>.</p>

<p>This digital edition by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2023), based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:Patmavati1979_01"/></bibl>. This translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024).</p>

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RD: Grants of privileges to dancing-girls for performing tiruveḻucci and singing Tiruvempāvai.

On the north base of the same shrine = central shrine in the Śēshapurīśvara temple at Tiruppāmpuram.

Kulottuṅka Cōḻa III

-->