Bālijhari plates of Mahābhavagupta Uddyotakeśarin year 4

Author of digital edition: Amandine Wattelier-Bricout (amwb).

Contributor: Amandine Wattelier-Bricout (amwb).

Language: Sanskrit (san) [Script (other) (script_other)].

Repository: Somavaṁśin (tfb-somavamsin-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSomavamsin00015.

File path: texts/DHARMA_INSSomavamsin00015.xml.

Version: (b1b317f), last modified (22d2dee).

Edition

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⟨1⟩ jyotsnā-¿s?āli-samr̥ddhi-bhuḥ kumudinī-hāsaika-sampā-

⟨2⟩ danā dhūrtto ¿dhr̥ja?ṭi-mauli-saudha-va⟨sa⟩tiḥ pīyū¿s?a-dhārā-gr̥haṁ| tārānta⟨ḥ⟩pu-

⟨3⟩ ra-nāyako rati-pateḥ śastraikaśā¿n?opalaḥ kṣīrodārṇṇava-

⟨4⟩ -nandano vijayate devaḥ suddhādīdhitiḥ∥ Asyānvaye mahati sāndra-tamaḥ-

⟨5⟩ -kalaṅkavicchāya-dig-valaya-mārjjana-¿kūrccha?kasya| Utpedire sakala-sad-guṇa-

⟨6⟩ -janma-kandāḥ kundāvadāta-yaśaso jagatī-bhujas te∥ rājābhūj janamejayo

⟨7⟩ ’tha nr̥patir jāto yayātiḥ tataḥ śrīmān bhīmaratho ’bhavat tadanu ca

⟨8⟩ kṣmā-cakra-rakṣā-maṇiḥ⟨.⟩ Aṣṭāsv eva dig-antareṣu vijaya-stambhāvali-ccha-

⟨9⟩ dmanā hr̥cchalyāni diśa-bhu⟨jā⟩m api samāro¿pt?⟨anta⟩ yai⟨r⟩ visphuṭaṁ∥ tasmād dharmma-

⟨10⟩ ratho manoratha-phala⟨ṁ⟩ śītāṁśu-vaṁśa-śriyo ni⟨s⟩triṁśaika-¿ś?akhā śikhā-

⟨11⟩ -maṇir abhū{sa}⟨n⟩ niḥśeṣa-bhūm¿i?-bhujā¿ḥ?| yasmin dig-vijayāvatāriṇ¿a? pū⟨rā⟩

⟨12⟩ vidveṣi-bhūm¿i?bhuj¿ā? prāt¿i?⟨ṣ⟩ṭhanta dig-antaraṁ tadanu ca sphītāś camū-reṇavaḥ∥ se-

⟨13⟩ tūpānta-vanāntare himavataḥ pa⟨r⟩yanta-bhū-sīmani prāg-ambhodhi-taṭī-vaneṣu kaṭa-

⟨14⟩ ke pūrvvetara-kṣṃā-bhr̥taḥ yasyo¿ttāmyada?-rāti-rāja-yuvatī-ni⟨ḥ⟩śvāsa-jhañjhānila

⟨15⟩ vyāsaṅga-svanad-antarāla-mukharair ggītaṁ yaśaḥ k¿i?cakaiḥ∥ bhrātā tasya ¡v!abhūva

⟨16⟩ bhūtalapate⟨r bhūte⟩śa-tulya-prabhaḥ prakhyāta¿ḥ? kṣiti-bhūṣaṇa⟨ḥ⟩ naghuṣa Ity u⟨r⟩vv¿i?pa-

⟨17⟩ tī⟨nāṁ pati⟩ḥ| yad-dor-daṇḍa-bhujaṅgamena vilasan-nistriṁśa-jihvā-bhr̥tā pītā¿sau?

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⟨18⟩ paripanthi-pārthiva-camū-kaṇṭhāntare mārutāḥ∥ Atrāste kari-vr̥ndam unmadam i-

⟨19⟩ ha prauḍho ’sti pañcānanaḥ santy etāsu jaga⟨d⟩-druho giri-darī-kumbhīṣu ku-

⟨20⟩ mbhīna¿ś?āḥ| snehād ity abhidhāya vr̥ddha-śavarī-varggeṇa ¡v!addhāśruṇā yad-vai(ri)-

⟨21⟩ -pramadā-jano vanabhuvaḥ sañcāram adhyāpitaḥ∥ tasyānujo nata-samasta-sa-

⟨22⟩ patna-mauli -ratnāṁśumalita-⟨su⟩pāda-saroja-rociḥ⟨.⟩ vidyā-nidhiḥ pratinidhir ma-

⟨23⟩ dhusūdanasya jāto ’tha viśva-vijayī nr̥patir yayātiḥ∥ bhaṭair avaṣṭa¡v!dham i-

⟨24⟩ daṁ narendraiḥ rā¿pṭ?ra-dvayaṁ ko¿ṣ?alam utkalañ ca| A-kaṇṭakaṁ sādhayataḥ {sa}

⟨25⟩ samantād bhuja-dvayaṁ yasya kr̥tārtham āsīt∥ tasya tataḥ sukr̥ta-

⟨26⟩ -(phalaṁ) saphalīkr̥ta-loka-locanas tanayaḥ⟨.⟩ samajani guṇaika-sīmā

⟨27⟩ śrīmān u⟨d⟩dyotakesarī nr̥patiḥ∥ bhakti-dūra-nata-kuntala-skhalan mallikā-

⟨28⟩ -kusuma-⟨dāma⟩-rājayaḥ| ḍhauka⟨ya⟩nta Iva kīrtti-santatīr yaṁ praṇemur a¿hi?to mah¿i?-bhujaḥ∥

⟨29⟩ svasti śrī-yayāti-nagarāt| parama-māheśvara-pa⟨ra⟩ma-bhaṭṭāraka-mahārājādhi-

⟨30⟩ rāja-parameśvara-soma-kula-tilaka-trikaliṅgādhipati-śrī-mahāśivagu-

⟨31⟩ pta-rājadeva-pādānudhyāta| parama-māheśvara-parama-bhaṭṭāraka-mahā-

⟨32⟩ rājādhirāja-parameśvara-soma-kula-tilaka-trikaliṅgādhipati-śrī-mahā-

⟨33⟩ bhavagupta-rāja-devaḥ kuśalī| Oḍra-deśīya Airāvaṭṭa-maṇḍala-saṁ-sa-

⟨34⟩ rāva-khaṇḍīya-kontalaṇḍā-grāma⟨ḥ⟩ Etasmi¿na?tasta⟨T⟩ kh¿e?ṇḍīya-vrāhma-

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⟨35⟩ ṇānā-pūjya samāhartr̥-sannidhātr̥-niyuktādhikāri-dāṇḍapāśika-piśu-

⟨36⟩ na-vetrikāvarodha-jana-rājñī-rāṇaka-rājaputra{|} rājavallabha{|} bhogi-jana-pra-

⟨37⟩ mukha-janapadān{|} samājñāpayati⟨.⟩ viditam astu bhavatāṁ| yathāsmābhir ayaṁ

⟨38⟩ grāmaḥ sa-garttoṣaro mahānadī Arddha¿śrī?taḥ sameta⟨ś⟩ catuḥ-sīmā-vacchi-

⟨39⟩ nnaḥ sāmramadhūkatālaprabhr̥ti nānāvr̥kṣaḥ sanidhiḥ sopanidhiḥ haritadaṇḍa-va-

⟨40⟩ ravalāvanda{|} coṭāla{|} Andhāruvā{|} pratyandhāruvā{|} Adattā{|} padātijīva{∥}

⟨41⟩ AhidaṇḌ{|} Antarāvaḍḍi{|} vandhadaṇḌ{|} vijaya-vandāpanā{|} mārggaṇika-prabhr̥ti-

⟨42⟩ bhaviṣyat-kara-sahitaḥ sa-pratīhāraḥ sarvv¿ā?⟨bā⟩dhā⟨vivar⟩jitaḥ sarvvoparikarādāna-sa-

⟨43⟩ hitaḥ t¿i?ra-bhukti-maṇḍ¿e?l¿i?ya-palā¿s?a-grāma-vinirgatāya{|} margg⟨y⟩a-go-

⟨44⟩ trāya{|} tr⟨y⟩ārṣaya-pravarāya{|} Ṛgvedādhyāyine{|} bhaṭṭa-putra-vaṭaścara pau-

⟨45⟩ trāya bhaṭṭa-putra-vāmana-putrāya{|} bhaṭṭa-putra-śrī-śaṅkaśarmma-

⟨46⟩ ṇe{|} saliladhārā-puraḥsara¿ṁ Ā?candrārkka-kṣiti-samakālopabhogārtthaṁ

⟨47⟩ mātā-pitror ātmanaś ca pu¿n?yaya¿s?obhi-vr̥ddhaye tām{v}ra-śāsanenākarīkr̥tya

⟨48⟩ sampradattaḥ⟨.⟩ Airāvaṭṭamaṇṭalasaṁsarāvakhaṇḍīya-lovākaraḍā-grāmaś ca

⟨49⟩ tasya sodara-bhrātr̥-śrī-valabhadra{|} ¿s?armmaṇe Evaṁ sampradattaḥ{|} Ity avaga-

⟨50⟩ tya samucita-karabhoga-bhāgādikam upanayadbhir bhavadbhiḥ sukhena prativasta-

⟨51⟩ vya⟨M⟩⟨.⟩ s⟨v⟩ad¿e?ttir iyam asmadīya-dharmma-gauravād āsmad anurodhāc ca sva-dattir ivā-

⟨52⟩ nupālanīyo∥ tathā coktaṁ dharmaśāstre⟨.⟩ ¡v!ahubhir vasudhā dattā rājabhiḥ

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⟨53⟩ sagarādibhiḥ⟨.⟩ yasya yasya yadā bhūmis tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ| mā bhūd a-pha-

⟨54⟩ la-śaṅkā vaḥ ⟨para-datteti pārthivāḥ⟩| sva-d¿att?āt phalam ā⟨na⟩ntyaṁ para-dattānupālane∥ ṣaṣṭhiṁ varṣasahasrā-

⟨55⟩ ṇi svargge modati bhūmidaḥ| Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca ca dvau tau naraka-gāminau∥

⟨56⟩ Agner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ bhūr vvaiṣ¿n?avī sūrya-sutāś ca gāvaḥ| ya⟨ḥ⟩ kāñcanaṁ

⟨57⟩ gāñ ca mah¿i?ñ ca dadyād dattās trayas tena bhavanti lokāḥ∥ Āsphoṭayanti pi-

⟨58⟩ taro valgayanti pitāmahāḥ∥ bhūmi-dātā kule jātaḥ sa nas trātā bhavi¿s?yati|

⟨59⟩ bhūmiṁ yaḥ pratigr̥hṇāti yaś ca bhūmiṁ prayacchati| Ubhau tau pu¿n?ya-karmmāṇau niya-

⟨60⟩ taṁ svargga-gāminau∥ taḍāgānāṁ sahasreṇa vāja-peya-śatena ca| gavāṁ

⟨61⟩ (ko)ṭi-pradānena bhūmi-harttā {n}na śudhyati∥ sva-dattām para-dattām vā yo

⟨62⟩ ha¿red va?sundharāṁ⟨.⟩ sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā pitr̥bhiḥ saha pacyate∥

⟨63⟩ gām ekaṁ s{u}varṇṇam ekāṁ ⟨vā⟩ bhūmer apy arddham aṅgulaṁ⟨.⟩ haran narakam āyāti yāvad ā¿hr̥?ta-

⟨64⟩ -samplavaṁ∥ harate hārayed ¿v?as tu manda-vuddhis tamo-vr̥taḥ| sa vaddho vāruṇaiḥ

⟨65⟩ pāśais tiryag-yoniṁ sa gacchati∥ sāmānyo ’yaṁ dharmma-¿ś?etur nr̥pāṇāṁ kāle kā-

⟨66⟩ le pālanīyo bhavadbhiḥ| sarvvān etān bhāv¿ī?naḥ pārthivendrān bhūyo bhūyo yā-

⟨67⟩ cate rāmabhadraḥ∥ Iti kamala-dalāmvu-v¿ī?ndu-lolāṁ śriyam anucintya manuṣya-jī-

⟨68⟩ vitañ ca⟨.⟩ sa-kalam idam udāhr̥taṁ ⟨ca⟩ vu¿dvā? na h¿ī? puruṣaiḥ para-kīrttayo v¿ī?lopyā⟨ḥ⟩|

⟨69⟩ yat-kīrttir bhuvana-trayasya kuhare ¿s?aśvattanī p¿u?rṇṇayan mantreṇa cira-praṇāma-

⟨70⟩ -rahita-kṣoṇībhujo bhog¿ī?na⟨ḥ⟩⟨.⟩ yad-dor-daṇḍa-bhavapratāpaśi¿kṣī?no n¿ī?striṁ¿s?a-

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⟨71⟩ [–⏑⏑⏓] [–––⏑⏑–⏑–⏑⏑⏑–––⏑––⏑⏓] U-

⟨72⟩ tkale ko¿ṣ?ale deśe sa mahāsandhivigrahī| Aśvāṅgaṇagaṇādhāro rudrada-

⟨73⟩ tta Iti śrutaḥ∥ mahākṣapaṭalādhyakṣa⟨ḥ⟩ śrī-mahad-dakṣaḥ satā⟨ṁ⟩mataḥ| Alī-

⟨74⟩ l¿ī?khadida⟨ṁ⟩ tām{v}ra -śāsana⟨ṁ⟩ śatru¿s?āsana¿ḥ?∥ mahārājādhirāja-para-

⟨75⟩ meśvara-śrīmad-uddyotakesari-rāja-devasya pravarddhamāna-vijaya-

⟨76⟩ rājye caturthe samva⟨tsa⟩re mārgga vadi daśamyāṁ| yatrāṅke samvat{a} 4

⟨77⟩ mārgga vadi 10 suvarṇṇa-vithi-vijñāni-vāheru-maṅgākābhyāṁ Utkī⟨rṇṇa⟩-

⟨78⟩ m idaṁ∥

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ samr̥ddhi° S ⬦ samuddhi° R.

⟨3⟩ śastraikaśā¿n?⟨ṇ⟩opalaḥ S ⬦ śastrekr̥śāno¿p?⟨ph⟩alaḥ R.

⟨4⟩ mahati S ⬦ mahata° R.

⟨5⟩ ¿kūrccha?⟨kr̥cchra⟩kasya ⬦ kūrcchakasya S; k¿r̥ccha?⟨r̥t⟩kasya R.

⟨6⟩ jagatī° S ⬦ jagatāṁ R.

⟨9⟩ diśa-bhu⟨jā⟩m S ⬦ diśo-bhu⟨jā⟩m R. — ⟨9⟩ samāro¿pt?⟨py⟩⟨anta⟩ S ⬦ samāro¿pṭ?⟨py⟩⟨anta⟩ R. — ⟨9⟩ yai⟨r⟩ visphu° S ⬦ pai⟨r⟩ viṣphu° R.

⟨10⟩ °phala⟨ṁ⟩ S ⬦ °phala⟨ḥ⟩ R. — ⟨10⟩ ni⟨s⟩triṁśaika° ⬦ nitriṁśaika R S.

⟨12⟩ °bhūm¿i?⟨ī⟩bhuj¿ā?⟨aḥ⟩ S ⬦ °bhūm¿i?⟨ī⟩bhujāḥ R. — ⟨12⟩ prāt¿i?⟨ī⟩⟨ṣ⟩ṭhanta S ⬦ prā¿tā?⟨ptā⟩tha ’ntya° R.

⟨13⟩ °tūpānta- S ⬦ °t¿u?⟨ū⟩pānta- R. — ⟨13⟩ °taṭī-vaneṣu S ⬦ °taṭā-van¿i?⟨ī⟩ṣu R.

⟨14⟩ yasyo¿ttāmyada?⟨ktaṁ pada⟩-rāti S ⬦ yasyotkampad° R. — ⟨14⟩ ni⟨ḥ⟩śvāsa-jhañjhānila° S ⬦ niḥśvāsa-jhajhānilaiḥ R.

⟨15⟩ °bhūṣaṇa⟨ḥ⟩ R ⬦ °bhūṣaṇa° S.

⟨18⟩ °kaṇṭhāntare S ⬦ °kaṇṭhāntar¿i?⟨e⟩ R.

⟨19⟩ jaga⟨d⟩-druho S ⬦ jagad-gr̥ho R.

⟨20⟩ vaddhāśruṇā S ⬦ vaddhāśr̥ṇā R.

⟨22⟩ °ratnāṁ śumalita-⟨su⟩pāda° R ⬦ °ratn¿ān su?⟨ṁ śu⟩malita-pāda° S • In note, Shastri 1995 reports the metrical problem and suggests reading sammilita°. In Somavamsin 31, the reading is °ratnātsumātsalita-pāda°.

⟨25⟩ tasya tataḥ S ⬦ tasmā⟨t⟩ tataḥ R.

⟨28⟩ °kusuma-⟨dāma⟩-rājayaḥ S ⬦ °kusuma-rāja yaḥ R. — ⟨28⟩ ḍhauka⟨ya⟩nta S ⬦ ḍhaukanta R. — ⟨28⟩ °santatīr yaṁ S ⬦ °santat¿ī?⟨i⟩ ya⟨ḥ⟩ R. — ⟨28⟩ praṇemur a¿hi?⟨bhi⟩to S ⬦ praṇ¿i?⟨ī⟩tyarahito R.

⟨30⟩ °rāja-parameśvara° S ⬦ °rāja-rāja-parameśvara° R.

⟨33⟩ Oḍra° S ⬦ O¿ḍi?⟨ḍra⟩° R. — ⟨33⟩ saṁ • As indicated by Shastri 1995, here saṁ is the contraction for saṁbaddha.

⟨34⟩ Etasmi¿na?⟨n na⟩tasta⟨T⟩ S ⬦ tasmiN ¿tastha?⟨sthita⟩ R. — ⟨34⟩ vrāhma⟨Page 2v⟩⟨35⟩ṇānā° S ⬦ vrāhma⟨Page 2v⟩⟨35⟩ṇānā⟨ṁ⟩ R.

⟨38⟩ sa-garttoṣaro S ⬦ sa-garttoṣ¿i?⟨a⟩ra° R.

⟨39⟩ sāmramadhū° S ⬦ sīsumadh¿ū?⟨u⟩ R • Shastri 1995 suggests that śiṁśāpa° is intended. — ⟨39⟩ nānāvr̥kṣaḥ S ⬦ nānāvr̥kṣa° R • Shastri 1995 suggests reading nānāvr̥kṣasahitaḥ.

⟨40⟩ °ravalāvanda° R ⬦ °ra¿v?⟨b⟩alīvar¿nda?⟨dda⟩° S. — ⟨40⟩ coṭāla R ⬦ ciṭola S.

⟨44⟩ vaṭaścara S ⬦ vateśvara R.

⟨46⟩ °puraḥsara¿ṁ Ā?⟨m ā⟩ca° S ⬦ °puraḥsar¿a?⟨e⟩⟨ṇa⟩ Āca° R.

⟨47⟩ pu¿n?⟨ṇ⟩ya-ya¿s?⟨ś⟩obhi-vr̥ddhaye S ⬦ pu¿n?⟨ṇ⟩yāya siddhi-vr̥ddhaye R.

⟨48⟩ saṁ • As indicated by Shastri 1995, here saṁ is the contraction for saṁbaddha.

⟨51⟩ s⟨v⟩ad¿e?⟨a⟩ttir R ⬦ {sa}d¿e?⟨a⟩ttir S.

⟨52⟩ rājabhiḥ S ⬦ bahubhi⟨ḥ⟩ R.

⟨54⟩ sva-d¿att?⟨ān⟩āt ⬦ sva-dattāt R S. — ⟨54⟩ ā⟨na⟩ntyaṁ S ⬦ ānantyaṁ R.

⟨56⟩ sūrya° S ⬦ sūryya° R.

⟨59⟩ pratigr̥hṇāti R ⬦ pratigahṇāti S.

⟨63⟩ gām ekaṁ s{u}varṇṇam ekāṁ ⟨vā⟩ ⬦ gām ekaṁ suvarṇṇam ekāṁ R; gām ekaṁ suvarṇṇam ekāṁ ⟨vā⟩ S • Rajaguru 1966 suggests in a note emending for metrical reasons gām ekaṁ svarṇṇam ekāṁ cā which is also correct.

⟨64⟩ samplavaṁ S ⬦ samplavaḥ R. — ⟨64⟩ sa vaddho R ⬦ s¿a?⟨u⟩¿v?⟨b⟩addho S.

⟨65⟩ pāśais tiryag° S ⬦ pāśai⟨ḥ⟩ tīryyag° R. — ⟨65⟩ nr̥pāṇāṁ R ⬦ napāṇāṁ S.

⟨66⟩ pālanīyo S ⬦ pālanīyaḥ R.

⟨67⟩ rāmabhadraḥ S ⬦ rāmacandraḥ R.

⟨69⟩ p¿u?⟨ū⟩rṇṇayan S ⬦ parṇṇayan R. — ⟨69⟩ mantreṇa cira° S ⬦ mantr¿i?⟨ī⟩ṇaḥ ⟨su⟩cira° R • As noticed by Shastri 1995, it is better read mantreṇāticira° to meet the metrical requirements.

⟨70⟩ °rahita° S ⬦ °rahitāḥ R. — ⟨70⟩ °kṣoṇībhujo S ⬦ kṣauṇībhujo R. — ⟨70⟩ bhog¿ī?⟨i⟩na⟨ḥ⟩ S ⬦ bhoginaḥ R.

⟨71⟩ [–⏑⏑⏓] [–––⏑⏑–⏑–⏑⏑⏑–––⏑––⏑⏓] S ⬦ bhūmacchaṭā dūrastho ’pi [⏑–⏑–⏑⏑⏑–––]manaṣyāmahaṁ R.

⟨72⟩ rudrada⟨73⟩tta S ⬦ rudra⟨73⟩datta R.

⟨73⟩ Alī⟨74⟩l¿ī?⟨i⟩khadida⟨ṁ⟩ S ⬦ Aṇa⟨74⟩likhaviD R.

⟨74⟩ śatru¿s?⟨ś⟩āsana¿ḥ?⟨M⟩ S ⬦ śatr̥¿sa?⟨śā⟩sanaḥ R.

Translation by Misra 1931

The translation below is the one proposed Misra 1931, which will then be reproduced by Rajaguru 1966.

⟨1–4⟩ The joyful luminous and nectar-rayed lord (Moon) -- who is skilful in causing lilies to laugh -- who rests on the mansion of the head of Dhūrjjaṭi -- who is the store of nectar streams -- who is the lord of the stars in the inner appartments -- who serves as point of arrow of the good archer love-god and who is the son of milk-ocean -- triumphs ever

⟨4–6⟩ In this illustrious dynasty of the Moon, whose lustre dispels the spot of intense darkness covering the horizon, were born the enjoyers of the earth, who, like bulb sent forth all the good qualities, and whose fame was as white as kunda flower.

6–9.

Janamejaya became king and then his son king Yayāti was floowed by Bhīmaratha, the ornament and the protectors of the earth. He (Bhīmaratha), through his frontier guards, built the pillars of victory on all sides beyond his kingdom, which served as glittering weapons piercing the heart of the possessors of the regions.

⟨9–12⟩ Dharmaratha, the son of the glory of the Lunar Race, the achiever of the desired object and the only friend of the sword, became the head-jewel of all the kings, when the hostile kings retreated to the extremity of the far-off country, being chased by his soldiers marching on digvijaya, in the course of which the dusts swelled.

⟨12–15⟩ THere was a king, other than mentioned before, at Kaṭaka in the countries, lying on the coast of eastern sea, extending from the Himālayas up to the forest adjoining the Setuvandha. His fame was chanted by the hollow bamboos, standing adjacent to (the palace of hostile kings), when they sounded, being struck with the high wind, exhaled in sigh by the trembling women of the enemies.

⟨15–16⟩ His brother Naghusha, the over lord of the country and the celebrated ornement of the earth, was as mighty as the lord of the animate beings.

⟨16–18⟩ His (Naghusha’s) rod-like hand, being adorned with the tongue of (double edged) sword, resembled the snake when it took the air separated from the throat of enemy’s soldiers (who are slain).

⟨18–21⟩ The old Śavara women, having suppressed the tears in order to teach how to wander in the forest, took pity on the female of his (Naghusha’s) enemy and told them that there ar many ruttish elephants and there is also a strong lion having irrestible access all over the world and again there are huge snakes in the holes in the caves of the hills.

⟨21–25⟩ His (Naghusha’s) younger brother Yayāti, the conqueror of the world, the representative of Madhusūdana and the ocean of learning, was elected as king of two countries - Kośala and Utkala - by the warrior chiefs. He (Yayāti- effectively repulsed the enemies. His lotus-like feet were radiant with the wreath of the rays of head-jewels of all the prostrate enemies and his hands acccomplished well his purpose on all sides.

⟨25–28⟩ Then, his son king Śrīmān Udyotakeśarī enjoys the rewards of good acts (of his father), brightens the world and possesses immense good qualities. He is never destitute of the leadership and his fame resembles the Malli flowers dorpped down from the hairs of the kings, who bow down in reverence from a long distance when offering the presents.

⟨29–33⟩ Hail! From Yayāyinagara, paramamāheśvara, paramabhaṭṭāraka, mahārājādhirāja, somakulatilaka and tr̥kaliṅgādhipati, śrī Mahāsivagupta - being in good health and having worshipped the Brāhmaṇas of Khaṇḍīya - intimates th orders :

⟨33–37⟩ Samāhatr̥ (collector of revenue), Sannidhātr̥ (treasury-officer), Niyuktādhikāri (officer in charge of the appointment department), Dāṇḍāpāśika (village-Chowkidar, now called Daṇḍuāsi), Piśuna Betrikā (cruel cane-holder, i.e. constable), Avarodhanajana (females residing in the harem), Rāṇī (Queen), Rāṇaka (tribal chief), Rājaputra (younger son of the king), Rājavallabha (favourite of the king), Bhogijana (village headman) and Janapadān (rural people), etc.

⟨37–48⟩ Be it known to you that the village Kontalaṇḍā, a part of Airvāṭṭa-Maṇḍala including half the bed og the Mahānadī, zith its boundaries and garttoshara (silted up tank and barren land) - with various trees, such as Śisu, Madhuka and Tāla - with mines and minerals, - with Hastidaṇḍa (the right of killing elephant), Baravalavanda, Chotāla, Andhāruvā, Pratyandharuvā, Adattā (rent - free land), Padātijīva (the holding of the soldiers), Ahidaṇḍa (the right of killing snake), Antarāvaḍḍi, Bandhadaṇḍa (power of conviction and punishment), Viyajavandāpanā (right of receiving present of welcome), Mārggaṇika (tax on ceremonial occasion of the king) - with all future taxes and cesses with the right of collecing all other additional taxes and with the right of confiscating the land - being exempted from encroachment - has been granted by the means of copperplate deed to Śaṅkara Śarmā, son of Vāmana and grandson of Chateśvara, an immigrant from Palāsa in Tīvabhukti - Maṇḍala1 and a student of Ṛgveda, belonging to Gārgga gotra and to pravara of the three sages - to enjoy as long as the moon, sun and earth exist - for the increase of merit of self and the parents.

⟨48–49⟩ Again the village Lovākaraḍā in Khaṇḍīya in Airāvaṭṭa-Maṇḍala has been granted to his uterine brother Balabhadra Śarmmā.

⟨49–51⟩ Being aware of this, you should live with happiness, paying the rents and other share due to them.

⟨51–52⟩ This grant of mine sould be preserved as their own gift, by the future kings from a regard for religious laws and my own request.

⟨52–71⟩ It has been written in the scriptures ... (translation not quoted by Rajaguru 1966)

⟨72–73⟩ The minister for war and peace of the Utkala and Kośala countries is Rudradatta by name, who is Asvaṅgaṇagaṇādhāra (?)

⟨73–74⟩ The able Mahākshapaṭalādhyaksha is Śatāmata, who knows to inscribe the copperplate grant and controls the enemies.

⟨74–78⟩ In the fourth year of the victorious reign of sovereign lord Śrīmān Udyotakeśarī. On the tenth day of the dark fortnight of the month of Mārggaśīrsha. This is the year which is in the figure. The 10th of dark fortnight of the month of Mārgga śīrsha. This is inscised by bith Bāheru and Maṅgakā, the goldsmiths.

Bibliography

Primary

[M] Misra, Binayak. 1931. “Narasinghpur Charter of Uddyotakeśarī Mahābhavagupta IV.” JBORS XVII, pp. 1–24. [URL].

[D] Debala, Mitra. 1959. “Balijhari (Narasinghpur) Copper-plates of the Somavaṁśī ruler Uddyotakeśarin Mahābhavagupta.” IHQ 35, pp. 93–108.

[R] Rajaguru, Satyanarayan. 1966. Inscriptions of Orissa, vol. 4. No place: Sri Sarada Press. [URL]. Pages 225–234.

[S] Shastri, Ajay Mitra. 1995. Inscriptions of the Śarabhapurīyas, Pāṇḍuvaṁśins and Somavaṁśins, Part II: Inscriptions. New Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Motilal Bandarsidass. Item XXII, pages 285–293.

Secondary

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna. 1927–1936. A list of the inscriptions of northern India in Brahmi and its derivative scripts, from about 200 A. C.: Appendix to Epigraphia Indica and record of the Archaeological Survey of India, volumes XIX to XXIII. Calcutta: Archaeological Survey of India. [URL]. Entry 2076.

Tripathy, Snigdha. 2010. Descriptive topographical catalogue of Orissan inscriptions. New Delhi: Manohar. Pages 147–148.

Acharya, Subrata Kumar. 2014. Copper-plate inscriptions of Odisha: a descriptive catalogue (circa fourth century to sixteenth century CE). New Delhi: D. K. Printworld. Page 272.

Notes

  1. 1. The village Palāsa may be identified with the modern Palāsa in Srikakulam district and Tīrabhukti is a district of Kaliṅga as found in some early Gaṅga records (See Inscriptions of Orissa, vol. II).