SII 3.4: original edition by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch

Alternative title: “I—INSCRIPTIONS IN THE VISHNU TEMPLE AT UKKAL. No. 4.—ON THE WEST WALL OF THE SHRINE.”

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: This inscription is dated in the 29th year of the reign of Rājakēsarivarman, alias Rājarājadēva, and records that Kaṇṇaṉ Ārūraṉ, a native of the Chōḷa country and a servant of the king, founded near Ukkal a well, which he named after the king, and assigned an allowance of paddy to the men who distributed water in a shed which was erected near the well.¹

Language: Tamil (tam) [Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0004.

File path: SII03/DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0004.xml.

Version: 2026-02-04 18:29 (2394ab9), last modified 2026-02-04 16:50 (916ece2).

Edition

⟨1⟩ (sva)sti śrī [||] (ti)rumakaḷ pol perunilacce(lvi)yuntaṉakke Urimai p¿u?ṇṭamai maṉakk(o)ḷkkā(nta)ḷ¿u?rccā(lai ka)la(maṟu)tta(ru)ḷi (v)eṅk(ai)nāṭum kaṅka(pā)ṭi(yum) nuḷampapāṭiyu(nta)ṭi(k)aip(ā)-
⟨2⟩ ṭiyum kuṭamalaināṭum kollamum kaliṅkamum muraṭṭoḻil ciṅkaḷar Īḻa(ma)ṇṭalamum (I)raṭṭa(pā)ṭi Eḻarai Ilakkamum muṉ(ṉī)rppa(ḻa)n(tīvu) paṉ(ṉī)rāyira(mum tiṇṭi)ṟal ve(ṉ)ṟittaṇṭāṟ-
⟨3⟩ kkoṇṭa taṉṉeḻil vaḷar¿u?ḻiyuḷellāy(ā)ṇṭuntoḻutakai viḷaṅkum yāṇṭe ceḻiyarai⟨tt⟩ecu koḷa śrīko rājakesarivanmarāṉa śrīrājarājadevarkku yāṇ-
⟨4⟩ ṭu 2 10 9 Āvatu jayaṅkoṇṭacoḷamaṇṭala(t)tukkāliyūrkkoṭṭattuttaṉiyūr Ukkalākiya śrīvikkiramāpa⟨ra⟩ṇaccatu(r)vvetimaṅkalattuṉ melai-
⟨5⟩ pperuvaḻiyil śrīrājarājadevar tiru(n)āmattālkkiṇaṟuntoṭṭiyum camaippittāṉ Uṭaiyār śrīrā(ja)rājadevar paṇimakaṉ coḷa(ma)ṇṭalattu t(e)ṉkar(ai)nā(ṭ)ṭu nitt¿ā?-
⟨6⟩ viṉo(ta)vaḷanāṭṭu Āvūrkkūṟṟattu (Ā)vūruṭaiyāṉ kaṇṇaṉār¿u?raṉ [|] Ivaṉe śrīrājarājaki(ṇaṟ)ṟil(t)toṭṭik=ku nīr¿a?ṟai(p)pārkku (A)rumoḻitevaṉ marakkā(l)āl nicatam ne(l) ja 2 ṅa (Ā)-
⟨7⟩ kattiṅkaḷ 6 kku nel ja 3 10 (kḷa)mum śrīrājarāja(ṉ) taṇṇīraṭṭuvārkku nicata(m) nel ja (2 ṅa) Āka tiṅkaḷ 6 kku nellu 3 10 (kḷa)m Ippantalukku kucakkalam I(ṭu)-
⟨8⟩ v(ā)rkku tiṅkaḷ 1 kku nellu vta Āka tiṅkaḷ 6 kku nellu (4 kḷa) mum śrīrājarājaṉ kiṇaṟ(ṟu)kku(m) t(o)ṭṭik(ku)m (c)etattukkum Āṭṭāṇṭu toṟu(m) pu(tu)k=kuppuṟamāka (v)aicca
⟨9⟩ nellu 2 kḷa vta Āka ja 6 10 6 (kḷa) vta [|] I⟨n⟩nellukku Ivaṉ pakkal (Ivvū)r sa(bh)ai(yom Iṟ)ai(dra)vya(mu)m (krayadra)vya(mu)m koṇṭu Iṟai Iḻiycci [*********]

Apparatus

⟨4⟩ °maṅkalattuṉ • Read ttu or ttiṉ.

⟨6⟩ ja • This symbol is the customary abbreviation for nellu, ‘paddy.’ — ⟨6⟩ ṅa • ṅa is an abbreviation for kuṟuṇi.

⟨7⟩ (kḷa)mum • kḷa is an abbreviation for kalam.

⟨8⟩ vta • vta is an abbreviation for 2 tūṇi = 8 kuṟuṇi.

Translation by Hultzsch 1899

(Line 1.) Hail ! Prosperity ! In the 29th year (of the reign) of the glorious king Rājakēsarivarman, alias Śrī-Rājarājadēva, who, in his life of growing strength, during which,—(in) the belief that, as well as the goddess of fortune, the goddess of the great earth had become his wife,—he was pleased to destroy the ships (at) Kāndaḷūr-Śālai, and conquered by (his) army, which was victorious in great battles, Vēṅgai-nāḍu, Gaṅga-pāḍi, Nuḷamba-pāḍi, Taḍigai-pāḍi, Kuḍamalai-nāḍu, Kollam, Kaliṅgam, Īḻa-maṇḍalam, (which was the country) of the warlike² Śiṅgaḷas, the seven and a half lakshas of Iraṭṭa-pāḍi, and twelve thousand ancient islands of the sea,—deprived the Śeḻiyas of (their) splendour at the very moment when Udagai,³ which is worshipped everywhere, was (most) resplendent;—Kaṇṇaṉ Ārūraṉ, a native of Āvūr, (a village) in Āvūr-kūṟṟam, (a subdivision) of Nittaviṉōda-vaḷanāḍu, (a district) of the country on the southern bank (of the Kāvērī) in Śōḷa-maṇḍalam, (and) a servant (paṇimagaṉ) of the lord Śrī-Rājarājadēva, caused to be constructed, in the royal name of Śrī-Rājarājadēva, a well (kiṇaṟu) and a cistern (toṭṭi) on the high-road to the west of Ukkal, alias Śrī-Vikramābharaṇa-chaturvēdimaṅgalam, a village forming its own subdivision⁴ of Kāliyūr-kōṭṭam, (a district) of Jayaṅkoṇḍa-Śōḷa-maṇḍalam.

(L. 6.) The same person assigned to those who draw water for the cistern from the well of Śrī-Rājarāja, 2 kuṟuṇi of paddy per day, (measured) by the marakkāl (called after) Arumoḻidēvaṉ,⁵ i.e. 30 kalam of paddy for 6 months; to those who distribute water (in the name of) Śrī-Rājarāja, 2 kuṟuṇi of paddy per day, i.e. 30 kalam for 6 months; to those who supply earthen pots for this water-shed (pandal), 2 tūṇi) of paddy per month, i.e. 4 kalam of paddy for 6 months; and for the repair of cracks in the well of Śrī-Rājarāja and in the cistern, 2 kalam and 2 tūṇi of paddy per year; altogether, 66 kalam and 2 tūṇi of paddy.

(L. 9.) In order to (supply) this paddy, we, the assembly of this village, having received from him the revenue and the purchase-money, having exempted (the land granted) from taxes . . . . . . . . . .

Bibliography

Digital edition of SII 3.4 by Hultzsch 1899 converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.

Primary

[SII] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1899. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume III: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil country. Part I: Inscriptions at Ukkal, Melpadi, Karuvur, Manimangalam and Tiruvallam. South Indian Inscriptions 3.1. Madras: Government Press. Pages 6–8, item 4.

Notes

1. Sheds for the gratuitous distribution of water are mentioned already in one of the Nāsik inscriptions; see Archaeological Survey of Western India, Vol. IV. p. 100.
2. This inscription reads muraṭṭoḻil instead of muraṭṭeḻil.
3. On Udagai see Vol. II. p. 250, note 3.
4. On this translation of taṉiyūr see above, p. 3, note 7.
5. This was a surname of Rājarāja I.; see Vol. II. p. 259, note 5.

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<title>SII 3.4: original edition by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch</title>

<title type="alt">I—INSCRIPTIONS IN THE VISHNU TEMPLE AT UKKAL. No. 4.—ON THE WEST WALL OF THE SHRINE.</title>

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<p>This inscription is dated in the 29th year of the reign of <hi rend="bold">Rājakēsarivarman</hi>, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Rājarājadēva</hi>, and records that <hi rend="bold">Kaṇṇaṉ Ārūraṉ</hi>, a native of the <hi rend="bold">Chōḷa</hi> country and a servant of the king, founded near <hi rend="bold">Ukkal</hi> a well, which he named after the king, and assigned an allowance of paddy to the men who distributed water in a shed which was erected near the well.<note>Sheds for the gratuitous distribution of water are mentioned already in one of the Nāsik inscriptions; see <hi rend="italic">Archaeological Survey of Western India</hi>, Vol. IV. p. 100.</note> </p>

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<lb n="2" break="no"/>ṭiyum kuṭamalaināṭum kollamum kaliṅkamum muraṭṭoḻil ciṅkaḷar Īḻa<unclear>ma</unclear>ṇṭalamum <unclear>I</unclear>raṭṭa<unclear>pā</unclear>ṭi Eḻarai Ilakkamum muṉ<unclear>ṉī</unclear>rppa<unclear>ḻa</unclear>n<unclear>tīvu</unclear> paṉ<unclear>ṉī</unclear>rāyira<unclear>mum tiṇṭi</unclear>ṟal ve<unclear>ṉ</unclear>ṟittaṇṭāṟ

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<lb n="4" break="no"/>ṭu <num value="29">2 <g type="numeral">10</g> 9</num> Āvatu <hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>yaṅkoṇṭacoḷamaṇṭala<unclear>t</unclear>tukkāliyūrkkoṭṭattuttaṉiyūr Ukkalākiya <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>vikkiramāpa<supplied reason="omitted">ra</supplied>ṇaccatu<hi rend="grantha"><unclear>r</unclear>vve</hi>timaṅkalattuṉ melai

<lb n="5" break="no"/>pperuvaḻiyil <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>rā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>rā<hi rend="grantha">jade</hi>var tiru<unclear>n</unclear>āmattālkkiṇaṟuntoṭṭiyum camaippittāṉ Uṭaiyār <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>rā<unclear><hi rend="grantha">ja</hi></unclear>rā<hi rend="grantha">jade</hi>var paṇimakaṉ coḷa<unclear>ma</unclear>ṇṭalattu t<unclear>e</unclear>ṉkar<unclear>ai</unclear>nā<unclear>ṭ</unclear>ṭu nitt<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>

<lb n="6" break="no"/>viṉo<unclear>ta</unclear>vaḷanāṭṭu Āvūrkkūṟṟattu <unclear>Ā</unclear>vūruṭaiyāṉ kaṇṇaṉār<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>raṉ <supplied reason="undefined"><g type="danda">.</g></supplied> Ivaṉe <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>rā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>rā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>ki<unclear>ṇaṟ</unclear>ṟil<unclear>t</unclear>toṭṭik=ku nīr<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>i</corr></choice>ṟai<unclear>p</unclear>pārkku <unclear>A</unclear>rumoḻitevaṉ marakkā<unclear>l</unclear>āl nicatam ne<unclear>l</unclear> <hi rend="grantha">ja</hi> 2 ṅa <unclear>Ā</unclear>

<lb n="7" break="no"/>kattiṅkaḷ 6 kku nel <hi rend="grantha">ja</hi> <num value="30">3 <g type="numeral">10</g></num> <unclear>kḷa</unclear>mum <hi rend="grantha">śrīrājarāja</hi><unclear>ṉ</unclear> taṇṇīraṭṭuvārkku nicata<unclear>m</unclear> nel <hi rend="grantha">ja</hi> <unclear>2 ṅa</unclear> Āka tiṅkaḷ 6 kku nellu <num value="30">3 <g type="numeral">10</g></num> <unclear>kḷa</unclear>m Ippantalukku kucakkalam I<unclear>ṭu</unclear>

<lb n="8" break="no"/>v<unclear>ā</unclear>rkku tiṅkaḷ 1 kku nellu vta Āka tiṅkaḷ 6 kku nellu <unclear>4 kḷa</unclear> mum <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>rā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>rā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>ṉ kiṇaṟ<unclear>ṟu</unclear>kku<unclear>m</unclear> t<unclear>o</unclear>ṭṭik<unclear>ku</unclear>m <unclear>c</unclear>etattukkum Āṭṭāṇṭu toṟu<unclear>m</unclear> pu<unclear>tu</unclear>k=kuppuṟamāka <unclear>v</unclear>aicca

<lb n="9"/>nellu 2 kḷa vta Āka <hi rend="grantha">ja</hi> <num value="66">6 <g type="numeral">10</g> 6</num> <unclear>kḷa</unclear> vta <supplied reason="undefined"><g type="danda">.</g></supplied> I<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied>nellukku Ivaṉ pakkal <unclear>Ivvū</unclear>r <hi rend="grantha">sa<unclear>bh</unclear>ai</hi><unclear>yom Iṟ</unclear>ai<unclear><hi rend="grantha">dra</hi></unclear><hi rend="grantha">vya</hi><unclear>mu</unclear>m <unclear><hi rend="grantha">kra</hi>ya<hi rend="grantha">dra</hi></unclear><hi rend="grantha">vya</hi><unclear>mu</unclear>m koṇṭu Iṟai Iḻiycci <gap reason="lost" quantity="9" unit="character"/>

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<lem>°maṅkalattuṉ</lem>

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<note>This symbol is the customary abbreviation for <foreign>nellu</foreign>, ‘paddy.’</note>

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<note><foreign>ṅa</foreign> is an abbreviation for <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<note><foreign>kḷa</foreign> is an abbreviation for <foreign>kalam</foreign>.</note>

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<note><foreign>vta</foreign> is an abbreviation for 2 <foreign>tūṇi</foreign> = 8 <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign>.</note>

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<p>(Line 1.) Hail ! Prosperity ! In the 29th year (<hi rend="italic">of the reign</hi>) of the glorious king <hi rend="bold">Rājakēsarivarman</hi>, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Śrī-Rājarājadēva</hi>, who, in his life of growing strength, during which,—(<hi rend="italic">in</hi>) the belief that, as well as the goddess of fortune, the goddess of the great earth had become his wife,—he was pleased to destroy the ships (<hi rend="italic">at</hi>) <hi rend="bold">Kāndaḷūr-Śālai</hi>, and conquered by (<hi rend="italic">his</hi>) army, which was victorious in great battles, <hi rend="bold">Vēṅgai-nāḍu, Gaṅga-pāḍi, Nuḷamba-pāḍi, Taḍigai-pāḍi, Kuḍamalai-nāḍu, Kollam, Kaliṅgam, Īḻa-maṇḍalam</hi>, (<hi rend="italic">which was the country</hi>) of the warlike<note>This inscription reads <foreign>muraṭṭoḻil</foreign> instead of <foreign>muraṭṭeḻil</foreign>.</note> <hi rend="bold">Śiṅgaḷas</hi>, the seven and a half <hi rend="italic">lakshas</hi> of <hi rend="bold">Iraṭṭa-pāḍi</hi>, and twelve thousand ancient islands of the sea,—deprived the <hi rend="bold">Śeḻiyas</hi> of (<hi rend="italic">their</hi>) splendour at the very moment when <hi rend="bold">Udagai</hi>,<note>On Udagai see Vol. II. p. 250, note 3.</note> which is worshipped everywhere, was (<hi rend="italic">most</hi>) resplendent;—<hi rend="bold">Kaṇṇaṉ Ārūraṉ</hi>, a native of <hi rend="bold">Āvūr</hi>, (<hi rend="italic">a village</hi>) in <hi rend="bold">Āvūr-kūṟṟam</hi>, (<hi rend="italic">a subdivision</hi>) of <hi rend="bold">Nittaviṉōda-vaḷanāḍu</hi>, (<hi rend="italic">a district</hi>) of the country on the southern bank (<hi rend="italic">of the</hi> <hi rend="bold">Kāvērī</hi>) in <hi rend="bold">Śōḷa-maṇḍalam</hi>, (<hi rend="italic">and</hi>) a servant (<hi rend="italic">paṇimagaṉ</hi>) of the lord <hi rend="bold">Śrī-Rājarājadēva</hi>, caused to be constructed, in the royal name of <hi rend="bold">Śrī-Rājarājadēva</hi>, a well (<hi rend="italic">kiṇaṟu</hi>) and a cistern (<hi rend="italic">toṭṭi</hi>) on the high-road to the west of <hi rend="bold">Ukkal</hi>, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Śrī-Vikramābharaṇa-chaturvēdimaṅgalam</hi>, a village forming its own subdivision<note>On this translation of <foreign>taṉiyūr</foreign> see above, p. 3, note 7.</note> of <hi rend="bold">Kāliyūr-kōṭṭam</hi>, (<hi rend="italic">a district</hi>) of <hi rend="bold">Jayaṅkoṇḍa-Śōḷa-maṇḍalam</hi>.</p>

<p>(L. 6.) The same person assigned to those who draw water for the cistern from the well of <hi rend="bold">Śrī-Rājarāja</hi>, 2 <hi rend="italic">kuṟuṇi</hi> of paddy per day, (<hi rend="italic">measured</hi>) by the <hi rend="italic">marakkāl</hi> (called after) <hi rend="bold">Arumoḻidēvaṉ</hi>,<note>This was a surname of Rājarāja I.; see Vol. II. p. 259, note 5.</note> <hi rend="italic">i.e.</hi> 30 <hi rend="italic">kalam</hi> of paddy for 6 months; to those who distribute water (<hi rend="italic">in the name of</hi>) <hi rend="bold">Śrī-Rājarāja</hi>, 2 <hi rend="italic">kuṟuṇi</hi> of paddy per day, <hi rend="italic">i.e.</hi> 30 <hi rend="italic">kalam</hi> for 6 months; to those who supply earthen pots for this water-shed (<hi rend="italic">pandal</hi>), 2 <hi rend="italic">tūṇi</hi>) of paddy per month, <hi rend="italic">i.e.</hi> 4 <hi rend="italic">kalam</hi> of paddy for 6 months; and for the repair of cracks in the well of <hi rend="bold">Śrī-Rājarāja</hi> and in the cistern, 2 <hi rend="italic">kalam</hi> and 2 <hi rend="italic">tūṇi</hi> of paddy per year; altogether, 66 <hi rend="italic">kalam</hi> and 2 <hi rend="italic">tūṇi</hi> of paddy.</p>

<p>(L. 9.) In order to (<hi rend="italic">supply</hi>) this paddy, we, the assembly of this village, having received from him the revenue and the purchase-money, having exempted (<hi rend="italic">the land granted</hi>) from taxes . . . . . . . . . .</p>

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