Uttiramērūr, Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ, time of Nandivarman, year 24

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: Larger platform, southern base.

Language: Tamil (tam) [Grantha (grantha), Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00078.

File path: DHARMA_INSPallava00078.xml.

Version: 2026-08-26 06:31 (95a9465), last modified 2026-08-26 06:31 (95a9465).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī nan=ti-varmmarkku yāṇt’ irupattu nāl-āvatu Uttarameru-catu(r)vvedi-maṅkalatt’ iśāna-diśai-brahmeśvara-gṛhattu mahādevarkku Ivv-ūr madhyasthaṉ c(a/ā)tu(r)vvaidya [***]
⟨2⟩ perumañcikaṉ-ēṉ kurava-ciri-viṣṇukumāra-trivediyār paṅkiṉ vaḻi mutal iṭṭu nālām pāṭakamum irāyūr-t taṭakk-aṭiyār brahmāṇiyār paṅkiṉ vaḻi mutal iṭṭu nā[lām]
⟨3⟩ pāṭakamuṅ kuṇṭūr-k kantama-c-caṭaṅkaviyār paṅkiṉ vaḻi mutal iṭṭ’ iraṇṭām pāṭakamum i¡(m)!(u/ū)ṉṟu pāṭakamum yāṉ ivar pakkal vilaikku-k koṇṭ’ uṭaiyaṉ Avippuṟam-āka-k ku-
⟨4⟩ ṭuttēṉ ivaṟṟiṉ bhogattāl nityamu-n-nāḻi Arici ney-y uṭppaṭa Iraṇṭu poḻutun tiru-v-amirtu kāṭṭuvāṉ āka-p paṇittōm im-m(u/ū)ṉṟukkum epp¿o?rppaṭṭa Iṟaiyu-
⟨5⟩ m oḻintōm brā(hma)ṇaṉ ārādhitt’ uṇpāṉ āka-p paṇittōm mahāsabhaiyōm im-maṇḍapattiṉukk’ ācā(r)yyaṉ kārīśvara-sūnu-vastuvidyāmayan= nak=kaṉ eḻuttu

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ nan=ti-varmmarkku ⬦ nan=ti-vanmarkku SII. — ⟨1⟩ Uttarameru° ⬦ Ut=tarameru° SII. — ⟨1⟩ catu(r)vvedi ⬦ caturvvedi SII. — ⟨1⟩ [ca. 3+] ⬦ [ca. 1+] SII. — ⟨1⟩ c(a/ā)tu(r)vvaidya ⬦ cāturvvaidya SII.

⟨2⟩ °viṣṇukumāra° ⬦ °viṣṇukumāra° SII.

⟨4⟩ nityamu-n-nāḻi ⬦ nitya⟨m⟩munnāḻi IP • That is, nityam munnāḻi.

⟨5⟩ ārādhitt’ ⬦ ārāditt’ IP • The latter reading is most probably a typo. — ⟨5⟩ ācā(r)yyaṉ ⬦ ācāryyaṉ SII.

Translation

⟨1⟩ Prosperity! Fortune!

⟨1⟩ Twenty-fourth year of Nantivarmmar.¹

⟨1–4⟩ To the Mahādeva of the Īśānadiśā-brahmeśvaragṛha (the temple of the Lord of Brahmā in the north-east direction) in Uttaramēru-caturvedimaṅgala; I, Perumañcikaṉ, caturvaidya ⟨and⟩ madhyastha of this village; after giving (iṭṭu²) a capital from (vaḻi) a share ⟨of⟩ the honourable Kuravaciri Viṣṇukumāra Trivedin, ⟨his⟩ fourth plot; after giving a capital from a share ⟨of⟩ the honourable Brahmin lady, ⟨wife of⟩ of the honourable Taṭakkaṭi of Irāyūr, ⟨her⟩ fourth plot; after giving a capital from a share ⟨of⟩ the honourable Kantamaccaṭaṅkavi of Kuṇṭūr, ⟨his⟩ second plot; these three plots, me (yāṉ) having bought (vilaikku-k koṇṭu³) ⟨them⟩ from these ⟨three⟩ (ivar), I have given ⟨them⟩ as avippuṟam ⟨for⟩ the Lord (uṭaiyaṉ, i.e. Mahādeva of the Īśānadiśā-brahmeśvaragṛha).

⟨4⟩ With the revenue (bhogattāl) of these (ivaṟṟiṉ), we have ordered that there be permanenty (nityam) one who offers (kāṭṭuvāṉ) glorious amṛta (tiru-v-amirtu) twice ⟨a day⟩ up to (uṭpaṭa⁴) three nāḻis (munnāḻi) of rice and ghee.

⟨4–5⟩ For these three ⟨plots⟩ we have exempted (oḻintōm⁵) taxes, of whatsoever kind.

⟨5⟩ We have have ordered that there be a Brahmin feeding the Lord ⟨when⟩ worshipping.

⟨5⟩ ⟨So did We,⟩ We, the members of the great assembly (mahāsabhaiyōm).

⟨5⟩ Writing ⟨of⟩ Vastuvidyāmaya, son of Kārīśvara, the ācārya ⟨attached⟩ to this maṇḍapa.

Commentary

⟨4⟩ tiru-v-amirtu, "glorious amṛta", is usually translated as “sacred food-offerings”.

⟨5⟩ The maṇḍapa is the Vaikuṇṭaperumāḷ itself. Cf. Gros, etc. Not a temple properly at that period, but the assembly hall. If a temple nonetheless, also the assembly hall.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1897–98 (ARIE/1897-1898/B/1898/72).

Edited in Subrahmanya Aiyer 1928 (SII 6.356). Text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 78).

This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on autopsy and photos (2019).

Primary

[SII] Subrahmanya Aiyer, K. V. 1928. South-Indian inscriptions (texts). Volume VI: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil, Telugu and Kannada countries. South Indian Inscriptions 6. Calcutta: Government of India, Central Publication Branch. Page 356, item 166.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Pages 256–257, item 78.

Secondary

[ARIE] ARIE 1897–98. G.O. Nos. 1093-1096, 29th August 1898. Epigraphy. Directing that the annual report of the Government Epigraphist for 1897-98 be forwarded to the Government of India, approving provisionally his programme of work for the next fields season. Edited by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department, 1898. Page 18, appendix B/1898, item 72.

Notes

1. Sanskrit Nandivarman.
2. Literally: after placing.
3. Literally: having got a price for.
4. Literally: so as to include.
5. Literally: we have excepted, cleared.

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<lb n="1"/><hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi>

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nan=ti-va<hi rend="grantha">rmma</hi>rkku yāṇt’ irupattu nāl-āvatu

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Uttara<hi rend="grantha">me</hi>ru-<hi rend="grantha">ca</hi>tu<hi rend="grantha"><unclear>r</unclear>vvedi</hi>-maṅkalatt’ i<hi rend="grantha">śā</hi>na-<hi rend="grantha">diśai-brahmeśvara-gṛha</hi>ttu <hi rend="grantha">mahāde</hi>varkku Ivv-ūr <hi rend="grantha">madhyastha</hi>ṉ <hi rend="grantha">c<choice><unclear>a</unclear><unclear>ā</unclear></choice></hi>tu<hi rend="grantha"><unclear>r</unclear>vvaidya</hi> <gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character" precision="low"/>

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<lb n="4" break="no"/>ṭuttēṉ

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ivaṟṟiṉ <hi rend="grantha">bhoga</hi>ttāl ni<hi rend="grantha">tya</hi>mu-n-nāḻi Arici ney-y uṭppaṭa Iraṇṭu poḻutun tiru-v-amirtu kāṭṭuvāṉ āka-p paṇittōm

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im-m<choice><unclear>u</unclear><unclear>ū</unclear></choice>ṉṟukkum epp<choice><sic>o</sic><corr>ē</corr></choice>rppaṭṭa Iṟaiyu

<lb n="5" break="no"/>m oḻintōm

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<hi rend="grantha">brā<unclear>hma</unclear></hi>ṇaṉ ā<hi rend="grantha">rādhi</hi>tt’ uṇpāṉ āka-p paṇittōm

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<hi rend="grantha">mahāsabhai</hi>yōm

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im-<hi rend="grantha">maṇḍapa</hi>ttiṉukk’ ā<hi rend="grantha">cā<unclear>r</unclear>yya</hi>ṉ kā<hi rend="grantha">rīśvara-sū</hi>nu-va<hi rend="grantha">stuvidyāma</hi>yan= nak=kaṉ eḻuttu

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<lem>Uttara<hi rend="grantha">me</hi>ru°</lem>

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<lem><hi rend="grantha">ca</hi>tu<hi rend="grantha"><unclear>r</unclear>vvedi</hi></lem>

<rdg source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01"><hi rend="grantha">ca</hi>tu<hi rend="grantha">rvvedi</hi></rdg>

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<rdg source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01"><hi rend="grantha">cāturvvaidya</hi></rdg>

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<rdg source="bib:Mahalingam1988_01">ārāditt’</rdg>

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<p n="1">Prosperity! Fortune!</p>

<p n="1">Twenty-fourth year of Nantivarmmar.<note>Sanskrit Nandivarman.</note></p>

<p n="1-4">To the Mahādeva of the Īśānadiśā-brahmeśvaragṛha (the temple of the Lord of Brahmā in the north-east direction) in Uttaramēru-caturvedimaṅgala; I, Perumañcikaṉ, <foreign>caturvaidya</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> <foreign>madhyastha</foreign> of this village; after giving <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iṭṭu</foreign><note>Literally: after placing.</note></supplied> a capital from <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vaḻi</foreign></supplied> a share <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> the honourable Kuravaciri Viṣṇukumāra Trivedin, <supplied reason="subaudible">his</supplied> fourth plot; after giving a capital from a share <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> the honourable Brahmin lady, <supplied reason="subaudible">wife of</supplied> of the honourable Taṭakkaṭi of Irāyūr, <supplied reason="subaudible">her</supplied> fourth plot; after giving a capital from a share <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> the honourable Kantamaccaṭaṅkavi of Kuṇṭūr, <supplied reason="subaudible">his</supplied> second plot; these three plots, me <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>yāṉ</foreign></supplied> having bought <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vilaikku-k koṇṭu</foreign><note>Literally: having got a price for.</note></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">them</supplied> from these <supplied reason="subaudible">three</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ivar</foreign></supplied>,

I have given <supplied reason="subaudible">them</supplied> as <foreign>avippuṟam</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">for</supplied> the Lord <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>uṭaiyaṉ</foreign>, i.e. Mahādeva of the Īśānadiśā-brahmeśvaragṛha</supplied>.

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With the revenue <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign><hi rend="grantha">bhoga</hi>ttāl</foreign></supplied> of these <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ivaṟṟiṉ</foreign></supplied>, we have ordered that there be permanenty <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nityam</foreign></supplied> one who offers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāṭṭuvāṉ</foreign></supplied> glorious <foreign>amṛta</foreign> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiru-v-amirtu</foreign></supplied> twice <supplied reason="subaudible">a day</supplied> up to <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>uṭpaṭa</foreign><note>Literally: so as to include.</note></supplied> three <foreign>nāḻi</foreign>s <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>munnāḻi</foreign></supplied> of rice and ghee.

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For these three <supplied reason="subaudible">plots</supplied> we have exempted <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>oḻintōm</foreign><note>Literally: we have excepted, cleared.</note></supplied> taxes, of whatsoever kind.

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We have have ordered that there be a Brahmin feeding the Lord <supplied reason="subaudible">when</supplied> worshipping.

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<supplied reason="subaudible">So did We,</supplied> We, the members of the great assembly <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign><hi rend="grantha">mahāsabhai</hi>yōm</foreign></supplied>.

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Writing <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> Vastuvidyāmaya, son of Kārīśvara, the <foreign>ācārya</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">attached</supplied> to this <foreign>maṇḍapa</foreign>.

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<p n="4"><foreign>tiru-v-amirtu</foreign>, "glorious <foreign>amṛta</foreign>", is usually translated as “sacred food-offerings”.</p>

<p n="5">The <foreign>maṇḍapa</foreign> is the Vaikuṇṭaperumāḷ itself. Cf. Gros, etc. Not a temple properly at that period, but the assembly hall. If a temple nonetheless, also the assembly hall.</p>

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<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1897-1898"/></bibl> (ARIE/1897-1898/B/1898/72).</p>

<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1928_01"/></bibl> (SII 6.356). Text and summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> (IP 78).</p>

<p>This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on autopsy and photos (2019).</p>

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