Mēlappaḻuvūr, Kīḻaiyūr, Ireṭṭaikkōyil, Agastyeśvara, time of Parāntaka I, year lost
Editors: Valérie Gillet, Emmanuel Francis.
Identifier: DHARMA_INSMelKil00003.
Summary: Mēlappaḻuvūr, Kīḻaiyūr, Ireṭṭaikkōyil, Agastyeśvara, Ardhamaṇḍapa, northern face, western section of the wall. AIM, southern shrine; on the westernmost wall section of the ardha-maṇḍapa of the northern façade (above INSMelKil00013); lost regnal year of matirai koṇṭa Kōpparakesarivarman = Parāntaka I; the end of the inscription is built over by a wall, rendering impossible a full translation.
Hand description:
Language: Tamil.
Repository: Mēlappaḻuvūr & Kīḻappaḻuvūr (tfa-melappaluvur-kilappaluvur-epigraphy).
Version: (217aac3), last modified (9f2b603).
Edition
⟨1⟩ svasti śrī
matirai koṇṭa kōpparakēcaripanma(rku/kku) yāṇṭu […]
⟨2⟩ kuṉṟakkūṟṟattu tēvatāṉam Avaṉikantaṟpapu[rattu][…]⟨3⟩ḷi śāsanabaddhavaṇṇakkuṭaiya kallaṟai kollatti(l) […] [i]⟨4⟩ttaḷip paṭṭu-Uṭaiyāṉ Īśvaranakkaṉ vi(lai)koṇṭu[…]⟨5⟩raṉē¡ṉn!⟨ṉ⟩ ittaḷi vaṇṇakku ce⟨y⟩tu kaṭamaip paṭṭ(a) poṉṉukku […]
Apparatus
Translation by Gillet 2024
(1) Fortune! Prosperity! This is the […] year of Kōpparakesarivarman who has taken Madurai.
(2) […] Avaṉikantaṟpapu[ram], a devadāna of Kuṉṟakkūṟṟam
(3) kallaṟai,1 who/which possesses (uṭaiya) the verification of the gold or the coins (vaṇṇakku2) bound by the charts (śāsanabaddha3) … (kollattil4)
(4) the Paṭṭuṭaiyāṉ of this temple, Īśvara Nakkaṉ, bought (vilaikoṇṭu) […]
(5) I, […]raṉ, having checked the gold (vaṇṇakku cetu, that is, ceytu) of this temple (ittaḷi) […], for the gold (poṉṉukku) which falls (paṭṭa) as kaṭamai-tax […]
Bibliography
Reported, edited and translated in Gillet 2024, based on autopsy and photographs (by Valérie Gillet, 2016-2018).
This digital edition by Valérie Gillet and Emmanuel Francis.
Primary
[VG] Gillet, Valérie. 2024. Minor Majesties: The Paḻuvēṭṭaraiyars and their South Indian Kingdom of Paḻuvūr, 9th-11th centuries A.D. New York: Oxford University Press. [URL]. Pages 137–138, item 3.
Notes
- 1. This literally means “stone chamber”, usually associated with funerary disposal. Because Kallaṟai is also a part of the name of a donor of the Ālantuṟai Mahādeva temple (#96), I think it might refer here to the name of the donor.
- 2. For the meaning of vaṇṇakku, “he who controls the quality of jewels and gold”, see the dictionary of Subbarayalu (2003: 534). The date of the first occurrence he gives is 1042. If it indeed refers to the same word, our vaṇṇakku would precede the one given by Y. Subbarayalu.
- 3. This term is found in the lexicon established by G. Vijayavenugopal (2010: 348) and translated as “Share holders bound by the royal gift deed”.
- 4. This may be interpreted in different ways: 1) "in Kollam" (not connected with kallaṟai), being the name of an ancient town in Kerala. Kollam is also used to refer to an era, beginning in 824 A.D. and often used in Kerala (see Salomon 1998: 189-90). 2) Kallaṟai Kollam may be two parts of a toponym or of an anthroponym.
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<p n="1">Fortune! Prosperity! This is the <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> year of Kōpparakesarivarman who has taken Madurai.</p>
<p n="2"><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> Avaṉikantaṟpapu<supplied reason="lost">ram</supplied>, a <foreign>devadāna</foreign> of Kuṉṟakkūṟṟam</p>
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<p>This digital edition by Valérie Gillet and Emmanuel Francis.</p>
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face, western section of the wall, time of Parāntaka I, year lost-->
Commentary
The end of lines is built in.