Vedikā pillar, Kanaganahalli stūpa
Editor: Vincent Tournier.
Identifier: DHARMA_INSKnI00071.
Hand description:
Language: Middle Indo-Aryan.
Repository: Satavahana (tfb-satavahana-epigraphy).
Version: (e852375), last modified (29e304a).
Edition
⟨1⟩ (bho)gava(dha)nakasa bodhigahapatino ⟨2⟩ [pu]tasa Isimitasa pāyako sa⟨3⟩[s]uciko saĀlaṁbano deyadhama
Apparatus
Translation by Vincent Tournier
An upright, together with a cross-bar and a coping: the pious gift of Isimitta, the son of the notable Bodhi from Bhogavaḍḍhana.
Bibliography
This edition, based on photographs, by Vincent Tournier. Encoded in XML by Fu Fan in May 2025.
Primary
[N+vH] Nakanishi, Maiko and Oskar von Hinüber. 2014. Kanaganahalli inscriptions. Annual report of the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2013, Vol. 17, Supplement. Tokyo: International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, Soka University. Page 60, section II.4, item 1.
[MASI] Poonacha, K. P. 2011. Excavations at Kanaganahalli (Sannati), taluk Chitapur, dist. Gulbarga, Karnataka. Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India 106. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India. Page 452, item 16, plate CXXXI, item 6.
Secondary
Tsukamoto Keishō 塚本啓祥. 1996. インド仏教碑銘の研究 I, Text, Note, 和訳 Indo Bukkyō himei no kenkyū I: Text, Note, Wayaku [A comprehensive study of the Indian Buddhist inscriptions, Part I: Text, Notes and Japanese Translation]. Kyōto-shi 京都市: Heirakuji Shoten 平楽寺書店. Item Sarn 85.
Marshal, John and Sten Konow. 1911. “Excavations at Sārnāth, 1908.” In: Archaeological survey of India: Annual report 1907–1908:. Edited by John Marshal. Calcutta: Superintendent Government Printing, India, pp. 43–80. Plate XXX.
Edgerton, Franklin. 1953. Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit grammar and dictionary. William Dwight Whitney Linguistic Series. 2 vols. New Haven: Yale University Press.
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<p>An upright, together with a cross-bar and a coping: the pious gift of Isimitta, the son of the notable Bodhi from Bhogavaḍḍhana.</p>
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<p>The editors doubt <bibl><ptr target="bib:Poonacha2011_01"/></bibl>’s suggestion (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Poonacha2011_01"/><citedRange unit="page">169</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">471</citedRange></bibl>) that the term <foreign>ālambana</foreign> points to the coping. See also <bibl><ptr target="bib:Nakanishi+Hinuber2014_01"/><citedRange unit="page">16</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">60</citedRange></bibl>. Yet the word <foreign>ālaṁbana</foreign> occurs in <ref target="DHARMA_INSKnI00231.xml">KnI0231</ref>, which is of the very same type as the objects bearing <ref target="DHARMA_KnI00085.xml">KnI0085</ref>–<ref target="DHARMA_INSKnI00091.xml">91</ref>: these are edited under the heading <foreign>uṣṇīṣa</foreign>. Yet it is striking that the MIA <foreign>unisa</foreign>—or any other MIA form corresponding to Skt. <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">uṣṇīṣa</foreign>—common, for instance, in the Amaravati corpus is nearly absent from the Kanaganahalli corpus, as it is, for instance, in Sarnath, and that the single occurrence of the term <foreign>Uṁnisa</foreign> (<ref target="DHARMA_KnI00044">KnI0044</ref>) occurs on a <foreign>puphagahani</foreign> and may point to a part of the casing. The term <foreign>āla(ṁ)bana</foreign> moreover occurs once on ca. 1st-c. BCE piece of “rail stone” found in Sarnath. See ASI–AR 1906–1907<!-- we need this in zotero library -->: 95 (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Tsukamoto1996_01"/><citedRange unit="item">Sarn 85</citedRange></bibl>). On the basis of the designation <foreign>āla(ṁ)bana</foreign>, Sten Konow who based his reading on the rubbing (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Marshal+Konow1911_01"/><citedRange unit="plate">XXX</citedRange></bibl>) assumed that <quote>this stone was originally the lower horizontal stone of a rail.</quote> But the object is described as a <quote>coping stone … with rounded edge at the the top</quote> in Sahni’s catalogue of the Sarnath museum (1914: 214–215, no. D(a) 39)<!-- we need this in zotero library -->. Sahni further adds that <quote>[i]t is curious that in the epigraph the coping stone is referred to as a base stone.</quote> <ref target="DHARMA_INSKnI00231.xml">KnI0231</ref> now proves that this is not an isolated case, and that <foreign>ālaṁbana</foreign> can not mean, in the context of Kanaganahalli or Sarnath, “base stone.” In the Mahāvastu, the term <foreign>ālambana</foreign> occurs alongside <foreign>adhiṣṭhānaka</foreign> as a qualifier of <foreign>sūcika</foreign>, the cross-bars fixed on the uprights (<foreign>pādaka</foreign>) in the description of the railings surrounding the city of Dīpavatī. See Mvu (S) I.194.20–195.4 / Ms. Sa, 54a3–5; Mvu (S) III.227.7–13 / (M) III.282.8–13. See also Divy 221.9–10. In light of the evidence Kanaganahalli, Edgerton’s understanding of <foreign>ālambana</foreign> (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Edgerton1953_01"/></bibl>, s.v. [3]), should be revised: in these passages, while the <foreign>adhiṣṭhānaka</foreign> would point to the base of the <foreign>vedikā</foreign>, the <foreign>ālambana</foreign> could point to the crowning element holding together the railing.</p>
<p>On Bhogavaḍḍhana (Skt. Bhogavardhana), present day Bhokardan (Jalna distt., Maharashtra) see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Nakanishi+Hinuber2014_01"/><citedRange unit="page">16</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">60</citedRange></bibl>.</p>
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Commentary
The editors doubt Poonacha 2011’s suggestion (Poonacha 2011, p. 169, p. 471) that the term ālambana points to the coping. See also Nakanishi and von Hinüber 2014, p. 16, p. 60. Yet the word ālaṁbana occurs in KnI0231, which is of the very same type as the objects bearing KnI0085–91: these are edited under the heading uṣṇīṣa. Yet it is striking that the MIA unisa—or any other MIA form corresponding to Skt. uṣṇīṣa—common, for instance, in the Amaravati corpus is nearly absent from the Kanaganahalli corpus, as it is, for instance, in Sarnath, and that the single occurrence of the term Uṁnisa (KnI0044) occurs on a puphagahani and may point to a part of the casing. The term āla(ṁ)bana moreover occurs once on ca. 1st-c. BCE piece of “rail stone” found in Sarnath. See ASI–AR 1906–1907: 95 (Tsukamoto Keishō 塚本啓祥 1996, № Sarn 85). On the basis of the designation āla(ṁ)bana, Sten Konow who based his reading on the rubbing (Marshal and Konow 1911, plate XXX) assumed that “this stone was originally the lower horizontal stone of a rail.” But the object is described as a “coping stone … with rounded edge at the the top” in Sahni’s catalogue of the Sarnath museum (1914: 214–215, no. D(a) 39). Sahni further adds that “[i]t is curious that in the epigraph the coping stone is referred to as a base stone.” KnI0231 now proves that this is not an isolated case, and that ālaṁbana can not mean, in the context of Kanaganahalli or Sarnath, “base stone.” In the Mahāvastu, the term ālambana occurs alongside adhiṣṭhānaka as a qualifier of sūcika, the cross-bars fixed on the uprights (pādaka) in the description of the railings surrounding the city of Dīpavatī. See Mvu (S) I.194.20–195.4 / Ms. Sa, 54a3–5; Mvu (S) III.227.7–13 / (M) III.282.8–13. See also Divy 221.9–10. In light of the evidence Kanaganahalli, Edgerton’s understanding of ālambana (Edgerton 1953, s.v. [3]), should be revised: in these passages, while the adhiṣṭhānaka would point to the base of the vedikā, the ālambana could point to the crowning element holding together the railing.
On Bhogavaḍḍhana (Skt. Bhogavardhana), present day Bhokardan (Jalna distt., Maharashtra) see Nakanishi and von Hinüber 2014, p. 16, p. 60.