Kanheri Cave 2 Inscription, Right Side of Back Wall

Editors: Kelsey Martini, Vincent Tournier.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSKI00003.

Hand description:

Language: Middle Indo-Aryan.

Repository: Satavahana (tfb-satavahana-epigraphy).

Version: 2025-06-19 17:16 (d068857), last modified 2025-06-17 10:16 (b88bcfc).

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⟨1⟩ kalīyanā suvaṇakerasa samida⟨2⟩tasa saha saṁgh(ā)ṇa panika deyadhaṁmaṁ

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ suvaṇakerasa ⬦ suvaṇakorasa B+B; suvaṇakorasa G • Understand suvaṇakārasa — ⟨1⟩ samida⟨2⟩tasa ⬦ sāmidatasa G.

⟨2⟩ saṁgh(ā)ṇa ⬦ saghana B+B; saghana G • Both B+B and G suggest to emend saghena. Both the eye copy and photographs show -ghā-, while the photographs suggest that -ṇa is correct. The reading of the last akṣara could also be -ne. See Commentary.

Translation

A panika, the meritorious gift of Sāmidatta, a goldsmith from Kaliyana, together with/for the Saṁgha

Commentary

Regarding l. 2 saghaṇa, it is tempting to accept the gen. pl. saghāṇa as indicating the beneficiaries of the gift, however this does not account for the preceding saha, which would call for an instrumental. The personal name Saṁgha is very common in the inscription of the Deccan, as it is, for instance, in the Niya documents.

Bibliography

Primary

[B+B] Burgess, James and Georg Bühler. 1883. Report on the Elura cave temples and the Brahmanical and Jaina caves in Western India: Completing the results of the fifth, sixth, and seventh seasons' operations of the Archaeological survey, 1877–78, 1878–79, 1879–80. Vol. 5. Archaeological Survey of Western India. London: Trübner & Co. Page 75, item 3.

[G] Gokhale, Shobhana. 1991. Kanheri inscriptions. Pune: Deccan College Post Graduate and Research Institute. Page 47, item 3.

Secondary

[Naik] Naik, A. V. 1948. “Inscriptions of the Deccan: an epigraphical survey (Circa 300 B.C.-1300 A.D.)” Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute 9 (1/2), pp. 1–160. [URL]. Pages 19, 21–23.

[Lam] Lamotte, Etienne. 1958. Histoire du bouddhisme indien: des origines à l'ère Śaka. Bibliothèque du Muséon 43. Louvain: Université catholique de Louvain, Institut Orientaliste. Page 568.

[Hett] Hettiarachchy, Jayadevanandasara. 1973. “Buddhism in the Northern Deccan under the Śātavāhana Rulers (c. 30 B.C. - 225 A.D.)” Doctoral Thesis, University of London. London. Pages 114, 192.

[Naga1] Nagaraju, S. 1979. “An Unpublished Inscription from Kanheri: Clue for the Identification of an Ancient Almonry.” Journal of the Epigraphical Society of India 6, pp. 46–49. Page 396.

[Naga2] Nagaraju, S. 1981. Buddhist Architecture of Western India (c. 250 B.C.- c. A.D. 300). Delhi: Agam Kala Prakashan. Pages 192–193.

[Joshi] Joshi, Reena. 2020. “A Study of Hydro Resource Management at Early Historic Site of Kanheri, Maharashtra: An Engineering Perspective.” Internation E-Journal of Advances in Social Sciences VI (16), pp. 340–348. Page 346.

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