Hujung Galuh / Sangsang (907-05-04)

Editors: Wayan Jarrah Sastrawan, Arlo Griffiths.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSIDENKHujungGaluh-Sangsang.

Hand description:

Language: Undetermined.

Repository: Nusantara Epigraphy (tfc-nusantara-epigraphy).

Version: (ac9645f), last modified (f510d28).

Edition

Recto

⟨1r1⟩ // svasti śaka-varṣātīta 829 baiśākha-māsa tithi caturthi kr̥ṣṇa-pakṣa mavulu, vagai soma-vāra Uttarāṣādhanakṣatra (ś)ukla-(yo)⟨1r2⟩ga tatkāla Anugraha śrī mahārāja rakai vatu kura dyaḥ ba_litu(ṁ) śrī dharmmodaya mahāsambhu tumurun· I rakryān· mapatiḥ I (h)[i]⟨1r3⟩no pu dakṣottama bāhubajra pratipakṣākṣaya kumon· samgat· lamva pu layaṁ Anak va_nuA I patapā_n· tutuganniṁ taṇḍa ⟨1r4⟩ su(musu)ka Ikanaṁ vanuA I saṁsaṁ vatak· lamva, gavai ku 2 dravya-hajinya mas· su 6 mas· kavahutān· su 2 (A)vur· hinavu-ha⟨1r5⟩vu samvandhānya kinon· sumusuka Ikanaṁ vanuA vuAra kuṭī I hujuṅ ga(l)uḥ vatak· la(m)va (ya ta) pinuliḥ samgat· lamva pinahayunira jina- ⟨1r6⟩ ryyakan·nira vihāra ya samvandhānyar· Inanūgrahān· kinon· sumusuka Ikanāṁ vanuA I saṁsaṁ sĭmā pun·punnananikanaṁ vihāra gavai⟨1r7⟩nira, kunaṁ parṇnaḥhanyan· sīmā tan· katamāna de saṁ mānak· paṅkur· ta(vā)n· tirip·, (mu)Aṁ soAraniṁ maṅilala drabya haji, kriṁ pa(ḍa)⟨1r8⟩m· pamaṇikan·, maṇiga lva malañjaṁ maṁhuri makalaṅkaṁ tapa haji Air haji tuha gośali tuha dagaṁ tuhān ⟨n⟩amvi t(u)hān· hañjama⟨1r9⟩(n·) Uṇḍahagi manimpiki paṇḍai vṣi, valya(n·) paranakan· vidu maṅiduṁ t(u)ha paḍahi varahan· sambal· sumvul· vatak· I dalam· si⟨1r10⟩ṅgaḥ pamr̥ṣi hulun· haji Ityaivamādi tan· tumamā Iri(kanaṁ) vanuA, parṇnaḥni (pa)rmmasanya tumamā I bhaṭāra I vihāra I h(u)juṅ galuḥ ⟨1r11⟩ deyanya mavaiḥ mannaṅahana Iṁ parmasan·, Iṁ kataṇḍan·, samaṅkana suka-du(ḥ)khanya, ma(ya)ṁ (ta)n· (pa)vuAḥ ḍaṇḍa ku⟨ḍa⟩ṇḍa (bha)ṇḍihālādi tuma⟨1r12⟩mā I (bha)ṭāra Ataḥ Ikana, Ājñă haji, kinonnakan· I(ka)naṁ masamvyavahā(ra) hana(ṁ) ṅk(ā)na hīṁhīṁṅana kvaiḥhanya paṇḍai mas·, paṇḍai v(s)i, (ta)⟨1r13⟩mvaga (ga)ṅ(ś)a, tluṁ Ububan·, Iṁ sasīma, macadar· 4 maṅaraḥ lumpaṁ 3 maṅulaṁ tluṁ tuhān· Iṁ sasīma, kboAnya 20 Iṁ sat(u)hān·, sa(pi) ⟨1r14⟩ [40 vḍu]s· 80 Aṇḍaḥ vantayan· 1 parahu (A)bhaṭāra 1 mas(u)ṁhara 3 tan· patuṇḍāna, maguluṅan· tlu(ṁ) pasaṁ samaṅkana tan·

Verso

⟨1v1⟩ (k)nā(na) [I pa]rmasan· yāpuAn· (pi)nikul· (da)gaṅanya kady aṅgāniṁ mabasana masayaṁ makacapuri kapas· vuṅkuḍu tā[mbra] gaṅsa {sobuban· I satuhā⟨1v2⟩n·,} garam· ¿paḍak·?⟨paḍat·⟩ lṅa gula, saprakāraniṁ duAl· pinikul· kalima bantal· I satuhān· pikul·-pikula_nanya, tluṁ tuhān· Iṁ sasī⟨1v3⟩ma Ikanaṁ samaṅkana tan· knāna de saṁ maṅilala drabya haji, yāpuAn· lviḥ kvaiḥnya saṁkā Irikānaṁ paṁhīṁhīṁ Iriya knāna Ikana sakalviḥ⟨1v4⟩nya de saṁ maṅilala sodhāra haji, kunaṁ Ikanaṁ mañamvul·, mañavriṁ maṅap(u)s·, maṁlākha, Uṇḍahagi mamu(b)u(t)· maṅubar·, manahab· manuk· ⟨1v5⟩ (ma)misaṇḍuṁ maṅanamm-anam·, mamukat· vuṅkuḍu manaru_b· maṁdyūn· maṅgula maṁhapū, Ityaivamādi kapuA ya tribhāgān· sadūman·, Umarā ⟨1v6⟩ (I) bhaṭāra sadūman· Umarā I saṁ maṅilala drabya haji sadūman· Umarā I sa(ṁ) makmitan· sīma, maṅkana Ājñă haji paṁhiṁ-(hiṁ) I ¿rihā_ṁ?⟨rikāṁ⟩ mapamvyavahā⟨1v7⟩ra hana ṅkāna ¿maṅasiAkan·?⟨maṅasəAkan·⟩ samgat· lamva pasamvaḥ I śrī mahārāja vḍihan· piliḥ ma_gə:ṁ yu 1 vḍihan· ¿jagā?⟨kalyāga⟩ yu 1 mas· (s)u 1 mā 4 rakryān· mapati⟨ḥ⟩ ⟨1v8⟩ (I) hinau ¿InaṁsiAn·?⟨InaṁsəAn·⟩ vḍihan· kalyāga yu 1 mas· su dhava kryān· I halu pu vīravīkrama ¿InaṁsiAn·?⟨InaṁsəAn·⟩ vḍihan· talyāga yu 1 mas· su 1 rikryā⟨1v9⟩n· vka ¿vu?⟨pu⟩ (ku)tak· Ina⟨ṁ⟩səAn· ¿gḍihan·?⟨vḍihan·⟩ kalyāga yu 1 mas· su 1 rakryān· sirikān· pu vāriga ¿InaṁsiAn·?⟨InaṁsəAn·⟩ vḍihan· ¿kalyākha?⟨kalyāga⟩ yu 1 mas· su 1 samga⟨1v10⟩t· tiruAn· pu śivăstra ¿InasiAn·?⟨InaṁsəAn·⟩ vḍihan· kalāy· yu 1 mas· su 1 rakai pagar vsi pu yayak· ¿InisəAn·?⟨InaṁsəAn·⟩ vḍihan yu 1 mas· mā 8 samgat· ⟨1v11⟩ mamrati pu Uttara ¿Irasisan· vḍahan·?⟨InaṁsəAn· vḍihan·⟩ yu 1 mas· mā 8 samgat· ¡vadhihati!⟨vadihati⟩ pu ḍapit· makudur· pu sāmvrida paṅkur· pu rañjan· tavān· pu pañjaluAn· kapu⟨1v12⟩A vineḥ ¿pasak·-papak·?⟨pasak·-pasak·⟩ vḍihan· yu 1 mas· mā 8 ¿sevaṁ-sovaṁ?⟨sovaṁ-sovaṁ⟩ samgat· juru I (k)adaṅayan· _ samga_t· ¿(va)limvaṅan·?⟨valimviṅan⟩ pu bhĭma ¿Inasisan·?⟨InaṁsəAn·⟩ vḍiha⟨1v13⟩n· kalyāga yu 1 mas· mā 8 t(u)hān· I ¿vavihati?⟨vadihati⟩ saṁ (v)inuṅkuvan· pu (A)dhikăra vinaiḥ vḍihan· yu 1 mā 4 I makudur· saṁ mira-mira⟨ḥ⟩, vinaiḥ vḍiha⟨1v14⟩n· yu 1 _ mas· mā 6 pataṁ(hne) valimviṅan· (tanuvu)k· UAṅi _ kapuA vinaiḥ vḍihan· yu 1 mas· mă 3 vuhutaknam· ma(rvlaṁ) vahuta ? ⟨1v15⟩ (vḍi)nuA hujuṁ ma_sipādhan· kapuA vinaiḥ vḍihan· ¿yu 1 has· mā?⟨yu 1 mas· mā⟩ 2 soAṁ-sovaṁ (A/pu/R̥)vaṁ dyaḥ (U/da)dis· Anak vanuA I kilipan· vinaiḥ vḍihan· (y)u

Apparatus

Part ?

⟨1r1⟩ Uttarāṣādha- D ⬦ Uttarāpāḍha- vN • There seems to be a trace of the small mark that distinguishes ṣa from pa; the last akṣara seems to be the same as the dha in dharmmodaya in the next line ⟨1r2⟩ rakai D ⬦ raka I vN. ⟨1r2⟩ mahāsambhu D ⬦ mahāsambu vN. ⟨1r3⟩ pratipakṣākṣaya ⬦ pratipakṣakṣaya vN D. ⟨1r4⟩ su 6 D ⬦ su 7 vN. ⟨1r4⟩ (A)vur· ⬦ suvur· vN • The expression avur(nya) inavu-avu is found in several other inscriptions, e.g. Samalagi 1v4. ⟨1r6⟩ Inanūgrahān· ⬦ Inanugrahān· vN. ⟨1r6⟩ Ikanāṁ ⬦ Ikanaṁ vN. ⟨1r7⟩ ta(vā)n· ⬦ tatun· vN • with suggestion to correct tavan. We think it is possible simply to read tavān·. Cf. the difference of this akṣara from tu in tuha diagonally below in the next line ⟨1r10⟩ pamr̥ṣi ⬦ pamr̥mi vN. ⟨1r10⟩ (pa)rmmasanya • any other reading imaginable? ⟨1r11⟩ mannaṅahana Iṁ ⬦ mannaṅa hanaṅ taṁ vN • But van Naerssen suggests as possible alternative reading mannaṅa hana Iṁ. We think we can indeed read I for ṅ=ta. ⟨1r11⟩ (pa)vuAḥ ⬦ mavuAḥ vN • The problematic akṣara is really illegible, but may equally well be read ma as pa, so grammar must decide which reading to prefer. ⟨1r14⟩ sa(pi) // [40 vḍu]s· 80 Aṇḍaḥ vantayan· 1 ⬦ sapi // – 0 ... 80 Aṇḍaḥ vantayan· 1 vN • We supply the lost characters by comparison with Telang (2r7) and Wukajana I (1v5). Van Naerssen had already indicated in his edition that the same characters could be supplied from Linggasuntan, where we read in A22 kbo 30 sapi 40 vḍus· 80 Aṇḍaḥ savantayan·. ⟨1r14⟩ parahu (A)bhaṭāra ⬦ parahu ? bhaṭāra vN • Cf. the parallel in Wukajana I.

Part ?

⟨1v1⟩ (k)nā(na) [I pa]rmasan· ⬦ knā[na I para]masan· vN. ⟨1v3⟩ Irikānaṁ ⬦ Inikānaṁ vN. ⟨1v4⟩ Uṇḍahagi mamu(b)u(t)· ⬦ daṇḍahanira mamuṅus· vN. ⟨1v6⟩ makmitan· sīma ⬦ makmit· sīma vN. ⟨1v6⟩ Ājñă • or did the scribe spell Ājmă? ⟨1v6⟩ rihā_ṁ ⬦ rihāḥ vN • The descender of sadūman at the end of line 5 has forced the scribe to separate the anusvāra from the hā, thus leading to its misinterpretation as visarga by van Naerssen. ⟨1v6–7⟩ mapamvyavahāra • Corr. masamvyavahāra ⟨1v7⟩ (s)u • very eccentric ductus. ⟨1v7⟩ mā 4 ⬦ māra vN. ⟨1v8⟩ (I) • very eccentric ductus. ⟨1v8⟩ hinau ⬦ hino vN. ⟨1v8⟩ mas· su dhava kryān· ⬦ mas· su 1 rakryān· vN. ⟨1v8⟩ talyāga ⬦ kalyāga Sa • To me the ta rather looks like a defective ka; for the ‘proper’ shape of ta, see kutak in the next line (with serif!) ⟨1v8–9⟩ rikryān· • corr. rakryān· ⟨1v9⟩ gḍihan· ⬦ vḍihan· vN. ⟨1v9⟩ vāriga ⬦ variga vN. ⟨1v9⟩ kalyākha ⬦ kalyāga vN. ⟨1v10⟩ kalāy ⬦ kalyāga Sa. ⟨1v10⟩ yayak· • or read ḍayak? ⟨1v10⟩ InisəAn· ⬦ InaṁsəAn vN. ⟨1v11⟩ ḍapit· ⬦ dhapit· vN. ⟨1v11⟩ sāmvrida ⬦ samvr̥da vN. ⟨1v11⟩ pañjaluAn· ⬦ pa(r)jaluAn· vN • Our reading is supported by Kubu-kubu 5v3. ⟨1v12⟩ pasak·-papak· ⬦ pasak·-pasak· vN. ⟨1v12⟩ (k)adaṅayan· ⬦ tadaṅayan· vN. ⟨1v12⟩ (va)limvaṅan • See line 14. ⟨1v12⟩ bhĭma ⬦ śima vN. ⟨1v13⟩ (v)inuṅkuvan· • see Damais 1970: 693. ⟨1v13⟩ mā 4 ⬦ mā 5 vN. ⟨1v14⟩ mā 6 ⬦ mā (5) vN. ⟨1v14⟩ pataṁ(hne) ⬦ sataṁya I vN • The meaning is obscure and the reading hne rather uncertain, also because its shape would be a bit eccentric for a hne, but vN’s ya I seems even more difficult. ⟨1v14⟩ valimviṅan· ⬦ (va)limvaṅan· vN. ⟨1v14⟩ (tanuvu)k· UAṅi ⬦ (tanuvuk· daAṅi) vN • The intended reading for the first word, all first three akṣaras of which are eccentric in shape, is obscure. ⟨1v14⟩ vuhutaknam· ma(rvlaṁ) ⬦ (vu)huta (kn)am· ma(rvla) vN • The meaning is totally obscure. ⟨1v14–15⟩ ? (vḍi)nuA • it seems difficult to image the gap at the end of line 14 was occupied by Ana, but if it was, then the intended reading would have been Anag vanuA. ⟨1v15⟩ ma_sipādhan· ⬦ masi(b)· (dh)an· vN. ⟨1v15⟩ (A/pu/R̥)vaṁ dyaḥ (U/da)dis· ⬦ (saṁ va)dya (dadis·) vN.

Bibliography

Tropenmuseum, Amsterdam 856-1

Text based on the edition of F.H. van Naerssen, “Twee koperen oorkonden van Balitung in het Koloniaal Instituut te Amsterdam”, BKI 95 (1937), 441-461. Readings verified on the basis of digital photographs of the plate 856-1 supplied by the Tropenmuseum, Amsterdam. The plate is fairly corroded and the photographs don’t always allow objective reading of unclear passages. Unless there seemed reason to doubt van Naerssen’s readings, they have been given the benefit of the doubt. On several occasions, we read v where van Naerssen read b; variants readings of this type, and those which only concern h/ṁ and ṅ/ṁ are not recorded in our apparatus. The text of Sarkar (Corpus of the Inscriptions of Java) was compared and found not to differ from van Naerssen’s except for rare printing mistakes. These variant readings have not been reported either. The scribe is unusually sloppy, compared to other plates from the same period. Similar akṣaras or markers are confused with each other, probably on an even larger scale than appears from the edition, based as it is on imperfect photographs of a somewhat corroded original, so that benefit of the doubt may too often have rendered normal/correct a reading that is actually substandard or plain wrong. Blue color is used to mark differences from van Naerssen’s edition not recorded in apparatus.

Ideally, to be read again directly from the plate in Amsterdam.

Primary

[D] Damais, Louis-Charles. 1955. “Études d’épigraphie indonésienne, IV: Discussion de la date des inscriptions.” BEFEO 47, pp. 7–290. DOI: 10.3406/befeo.1955.5406. [URL]. Page XXX.

[vN] van Naerssen, Frits Herman. 1937. “Twee koperen oorkonden van Balitung in het Koloniaal Instituut te Amsterdam.” BKI 95, pp. 441–461. DOI: 10.1163/22134379-90001364. [URL].

[Sa] Sarkar, Himansu Bhusan. 1971–1972. Corpus of the inscriptions of Java (Corpus inscriptionum Javanicarum), up to 928 A. D. 2 vols. Calcutta: K.L. Mukhopadhyay. Volume XXX, pages XXX–XXX, item XXX.