Copper plates from Kondavidu (set III) — reign of Pr̥thivīśrīmūla, year 43

Editors: Arlo Griffiths, Vincent Tournier.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSEIAD00189.

Hand description:

Language: Sanskrit.

Repository: Early Andhra (tfb-eiad-epigraphy).

Version: 2025-05-06 06:25 (a154659), last modified 2025-04-21 01:54 (72e3163).

⟨Page 1b⟩ ⟨1⟩ svasti <dextrorotatory-spiral>śrīvijayanandivarddhanavāsakād devadvijagurucaraṇāravinda⟨2⟩samārādhanādhigatavipulaniratiśayapuṇyanicayasya sakala⟨3⟩diṅmaṇḍalālaṁkārabhūtayaśasaḥ śrīprabhākaravikhyātamahārāja⟨4⟩sya sūnuḥ mātāpitr̥pādānuddhyātaḥ śrutismr̥tivihitapadārtthāvabodha⟨5⟩⟨Page 2a⟩janitaprajñāvivekaniravagītānupālitāśeṣavarṇṇāśramadha⟨6⟩rmmaḥ prajāparirakṣaṇopajanitapuṇyopacayaprayojanāvāptarā⟨7⟩jyagurubhāraḥ pūrvvarājarṣimaryyādānatikramaṇīyadharmmaḥ Asakr̥⟨8⟩danekaniśitanistriṁśasahasrasaṁkulātibhīmasaṁgrāmabhūmiprati⟨9⟩⟨Page 2b⟩⟨marginleft: 2⟩labdhavijayī śaśīva prajānandakaraḥ udadhir iva gabhīras⟦v⟧atvaḥ ⟨10⟩ Aharahas trisandhyām iṣṭadevatārādhanena gobhūmihiraṇyakanyā⟨11⟩pradānādibhiś ca saphalīkr̥takāyacittopakaraṇaḥ paramamā⟨12⟩heśvaraḥ paramabrahmaṇyaḥ śrīman· prithiviśrīmūlarājaḥ svaviṣayani⟨13⟩⟨Page 3a⟩vāsinaḥ sarvvān evam ājñāpayati yathā viditam astu bhavatām· bhuvanavi⟨14⟩dite śrīguṇapāśapure śailendrapūrvvadigbhāganitambe matpratiṣṭhāpita⟨15⟩śrīlokavikhyātamahāvihāranivāsinaḥ Aṣṭādaśanikāyacātu⟨16⟩rddiśāryyavarabhikṣusaṁghasya cīvarapiṇḍapātaśaiyyāsanaglānapra⟨17⟩⟨Page 3b⟩⟨marginleft: 3⟩{pra}tyayabhaiṣajyapariṣkaropabhogāya tāḻupākkaviṣaye karakuṇḍakaṁ⟨18⟩sāryyaveḷkaṇḍakurikimaṇimarddipallaveñcanāmadheyagrāmamaddhyagataḥ Aparaśailanivāsinan navakarmmika⟨19⟩m adhiṣṭhāya Arṭṭaluvuḷ· nāma grāmas sarvvabādhaparihāreṇa mayā dattaḥ tatra na ke⟨20⟩na cit paribādhā karaṇīyā bhavatti cātra manugītā ślokāḥ

I. Anuṣṭubh

nighnatāṁ bhartr̥govipra⟨21⟩

⟨Page 4a⟩

bālayoṣittapasvinaḥ

yā gatis sā bhavet tasya

harataś śāsanāṁkitām·

II. Anuṣṭubh

⟨22⟩ tām eva rakṣato yatnāt·

nibodha kr̥tinaḫḫ phalam·

nekakalpasahasrāṇi

divi ⟨23⟩ devais saha dīvyati ||

III. Anuṣṭubh

bhūmidānāt paran dānan

na bhūtan na bhaviṣyati

⟨24⟩ tasyaiva haraṇāt pāpam·

na bhūtan na bhaviṣyati ||

IV. Anuṣṭubh

ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣasaha⟨25⟩⟨Page 4b⟩⟨marginleft: 4⟩srāṇi

svargge tiṣṭhati bhūmidaḥ

Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca

tāny eva ⟨26⟩ narake vaset·

V. Anuṣṭubh

svadattāṁ paradattāṁ vā

yo hareta vasundharām·

⟨27⟩ sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā

pitr̥bhis saha pacyate ||

VI. Anuṣṭubh

bahubhi⟨28⟩r vvasudhā dattā

bahubhi(ś) (cā)nupālitā

yasya yasya yadā bhūmi

⟨Page 5a⟩ ⟨29⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ

pravarddhamānavijayarājyasaṁvatsare ⟨30⟩ tracatvāriṁśati varttamāne phālguṇamāsaśuklapakṣasya ⟨31⟩ tr̥tiyāyām· varttamānāyāṁ śāsanam aṁkitam· ||

VII. Anuṣṭubh

candrārkodadhayo yāvat·

⟨32⟩ yāvac ceyaṁ vasundharā

Ājñā śrīmūlarājasya

tāvat pātu mahīm imām·

⟨Page 1b⟩

⟨1⟩ svasti <dextrorotatory-spiral>śrīvijayanandivarddhanavāsakād devadvijagurucaraṇāravinda-

⟨2⟩ samārādhanādhigatavipulaniratiśayapuṇyanicayasya sakala-

⟨3⟩ diṅma◯ṇḍalālaṁkārabhūtayaśasaḥ śrīprabhākaravikhyātamahārāja-

⟨4⟩ sya sūnuḥ mātāpitr̥pādānuddhyātaḥ śrutismr̥tivihitapadārtthāvabodha-

⟨5⟩ -

⟨Page 2a⟩

janitaprajñāvivekaniravagītānupālitāśeṣavarṇṇāśramadha

⟨6⟩ rmmaḥ prajāparirakṣaṇopajanitapuṇyopacayaprayojanāvāptarā-

⟨7⟩ jyaguru◯bhāraḥ pūrvvarājarṣimaryyādānatikramaṇīyadharmmaḥ Asakr̥-

⟨8⟩ danekaniśitanistriṁśasahasrasaṁkulātibhīmasaṁgrāmabhūmiprati-

⟨9⟩

⟨Page 2b⟩ marginleft: 2

labdhavijayī śaśīva prajānandakaraḥ udadhir iva gabhīras⟦v⟧atvaḥ

⟨10⟩ Aharahas trisandhyām iṣṭadevatārādhanena gobhūmihiraṇyakanyā-

⟨11⟩ pradānā◯dibhiś ca saphalīkr̥takāyacittopakaraṇaḥ paramamā-

⟨12⟩ heśvaraḥ paramabrahmaṇyaḥ śrīman· prithiviśrīmūlarājaḥ svaviṣayani-

⟨13⟩ -

⟨Page 3a⟩

vāsinaḥ sarvvān evam ājñāpayati yathā viditam astu bhavatām· bhuvanavi

⟨14⟩ dite śrīguṇapāśapure śailendrapūrvvadigbhāganitambe matpratiṣṭhāpita-

⟨15⟩ śrīloka◯vikhyātamahāvihāranivāsinaḥ Aṣṭādaśanikāyacātu-

⟨16⟩ rddiśāryyavarabhikṣusaṁghasya cīvarapiṇḍapātaśaiyyāsanaglānapra-

⟨17⟩ -

⟨Page 3b⟩ marginleft: 3

{pra}tyayabhaiṣajyapariṣkaropabhogāya tāḻupākkaviṣaye karakuṇḍakaṁ

⟨18⟩ sāryyaveḷkaṇḍakurikimaṇimarddipallaveñcanāmadheyagrāmamaddhyagataḥ Aparaśailanivāsinan navakarmmika-

⟨19⟩ m adhiṣṭhāya Arṭṭaluvuḷ· nāma grāmas sarvvabādhaparihāreṇa mayā dattaḥ tatra na ke-

⟨20⟩ na cit paribādhā karaṇīyā bhavatti cātra manugītā ślokāḥ nighnatāṁ bhartr̥govipra-

⟨21⟩

⟨Page 4a⟩

bālayoṣittapasvinaḥ yā gatis sā bhavet tasya harataś śāsanāṁkitām·

⟨22⟩ tām eva rakṣato yatnāt· nibodha kr̥tinaḫḫ phalam· nekakalpasahasrāṇi divi

⟨23⟩ devai◯s saha dīvyati ||bhūmidānāt paran dānan na bhūtan na bhaviṣyati

⟨24⟩ tasyaiva haraṇāt pāpam· na bhūtan na bhaviṣyati ||ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣasaha-

⟨25⟩

⟨Page 4b⟩ marginleft: 4

srāṇi svargge tiṣṭhati bhūmidaḥ Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca tāny eva

⟨26⟩ nara◯ke vaset· svadattāṁ paradattāṁ vā yo hareta vasundharām·

⟨27⟩ sa vi◯ṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā pitr̥bhis saha pacyate ||bahubhi-

⟨28⟩ r vvasudhā dattā bahubhi(ś) (cā)nupālitā yasya yasya yadā bhūmi

⟨Page 5a⟩

⟨29⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ pravarddhamānavijayarājyasaṁvatsare

⟨30⟩ traca◯tvāriṁśati varttamāne phālguṇamāsaśuklapakṣasya

⟨31⟩ tr̥tiyāyām· varttamānāyāṁ śāsanam aṁkitam· ||candrārkodadhayo yāvat·

⟨32⟩ yāvac ceyaṁ vasundharā Ājñā śrīmūlarājasya tāvat pātu mahīm imām·

⟨Page 1b⟩ ⟨1⟩ svasti <dextrorotatory-spiral>śrīvijayanandivarddhanavāsakād devadvijagurucaraṇāravinda⟨2⟩samārādhanādhigatavipulaniratiśayapuṇyanicayasya sakala⟨3⟩diṅma◯ṇḍalālaṁkārabhūtayaśasaḥ śrīprabhākaravikhyātamahārāja⟨4⟩sya sūnuḥ mātāpitr̥pādānuddhyātaḥ śrutismr̥tivihitapadārtthāvabodha⟨5⟩⟨Page 2a⟩janitaprajñāvivekaniravagītānupālitāśeṣavarṇṇāśramadha⟨6⟩rmmaḥ prajāparirakṣaṇopajanitapuṇyopacayaprayojanāvāptarā⟨7⟩jyaguru◯bhāraḥ pūrvvarājarṣimaryyādānatikramaṇīyadharmmaḥ Asakr̥⟨8⟩danekaniśitanistriṁśasahasrasaṁkulātibhīmasaṁgrāmabhūmiprati⟨9⟩⟨Page 2b⟩⟨marginleft: 2⟩labdhavijayī śaśīva prajānandakaraḥ udadhir iva gabhīras⟦v⟧atvaḥ ⟨10⟩ Aharahas trisandhyām iṣṭadevatārādhanena gobhūmihiraṇyakanyā⟨11⟩pradānā◯dibhiś ca saphalīkr̥takāyacittopakaraṇaḥ paramamā⟨12⟩heśvaraḥ paramabrahmaṇyaḥ śrīman· prithiviśrīmūlarājaḥ svaviṣayani⟨13⟩⟨Page 3a⟩vāsinaḥ sarvvān evam ājñāpayati yathā viditam astu bhavatām· bhuvanavi⟨14⟩dite śrīguṇapāśapure śailendrapūrvvadigbhāganitambe matpratiṣṭhāpita⟨15⟩śrīloka◯vikhyātamahāvihāranivāsinaḥ Aṣṭādaśanikāyacātu⟨16⟩rddiśāryyavarabhikṣusaṁghasya cīvarapiṇḍapātaśaiyyāsanaglānapra⟨17⟩⟨Page 3b⟩⟨marginleft: 3⟩{pra}tyayabhaiṣajyapariṣkaropabhogāya tāḻupākkaviṣaye karakuṇḍakaṁ⟨18⟩sāryyaveḷkaṇḍakurikimaṇimarddipallaveñcanāmadheyagrāmamaddhyagataḥ Aparaśailanivāsinan navakarmmika⟨19⟩m adhiṣṭhāya Arṭṭaluvuḷ· nāma grāmas sarvvabādhaparihāreṇa mayā dattaḥ tatra na ke⟨20⟩na cit paribādhā karaṇīyā bhavatti cātra manugītā ślokāḥ

I. Anuṣṭubh

nighnatāṁ bhartr̥govipra⟨21⟩

⟨Page 4a⟩

bālayoṣittapasvinaḥ

yā gatis sā bhavet tasya

harataś śāsanāṁkitām·

II. Anuṣṭubh

⟨22⟩ tām eva rakṣato yatnāt·

nibodha kr̥tinaḫḫ phalam·

nekakalpasahasrāṇi

divi ⟨23⟩ devai◯s saha dīvyati ||

III. Anuṣṭubh

bhūmidānāt paran dānan

na bhūtan na bhaviṣyati

⟨24⟩ tasyaiva haraṇāt pāpam·

na bhūtan na bhaviṣyati ||

IV. Anuṣṭubh

ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣasaha⟨25⟩⟨Page 4b⟩⟨marginleft: 4⟩srāṇi

svargge tiṣṭhati bhūmidaḥ

Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca

tāny eva ⟨26⟩ nara◯ke vaset·

V. Anuṣṭubh

svadattāṁ paradattāṁ vā

yo hareta vasundharām·

⟨27⟩ sa vi◯ṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā

pitr̥bhis saha pacyate ||

VI. Anuṣṭubh

bahubhi⟨28⟩r vvasudhā dattā

bahubhi(ś) (cā)nupālitā

yasya yasya yadā bhūmi

⟨Page 5a⟩ ⟨29⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ

pravarddhamānavijayarājyasaṁvatsare ⟨30⟩ traca◯tvāriṁśati varttamāne phālguṇamāsaśuklapakṣasya ⟨31⟩ tr̥tiyāyām· varttamānāyāṁ śāsanam aṁkitam· ||

VII. Anuṣṭubh

candrārkodadhayo yāvat·

⟨32⟩ yāvac ceyaṁ vasundharā

Ājñā śrīmūlarājasya

tāvat pātu mahīm imām·

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ svasti <dextrorotatory-spiral> ⬦ svasti [||*] siddham Krishna Sastry 1990 • The first word is engraved in the left margin. — ⟨1⟩ -varddhana- ⬦ -vardhana- Krishna Sastry 1990. — ⟨1⟩ caraṇāravinda- ⬦ cārṇāravinda- Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨3-4⟩ vikhyātamahārājasya ⬦ vikhyātasya Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨5⟩ -niravagitānu- • Correct -niravagītānu- — ⟨5⟩ -pāli- ⬦ -pūli- Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨7⟩ -maryyādānati- ⬦ -maryādānati- Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨7-8⟩ asakr̥d- ⬦ Asakra(kr̥)d- Krishna Sastry 1990 • There is no kra to correct to kr̥ . See a clear example of kr̥ in l. 10.

⟨8⟩ -kulātibhīma- ⬦ -kulāni bhīma- Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨9⟩ gabhīra- ⬦ gaṁbhīra- Krishna Sastry 1990. — ⟨9⟩ -s⟦v⟧atvaḥ • Krishna Sastry does not note the scribal deletion.

⟨10⟩ -hiraṇya- ⬦ -hiraṇyo- Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨12⟩ prithivi- • Correct pr̥thivī-.

⟨13-14⟩ bhuvanavidite śrīguṇapāśapure ⬦ bhuvanaviditaḥ śrīguṇapāśapurāt Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨15⟩ Aṣṭādaśa- • A kākapāda is marked above the śa, but no correction or insertion seems to be made nor is any expected.

⟨15–16⟩ cāturddiśāryya- ⬦ caturddaśāryya- Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨16⟩ -śaiyyāsana- • Correct -śayyāsana-.

⟨16-17⟩ -prapratyaya- ⬦ -prapatyāya- Krishna Sastry 1990 • Correct -pratyaya-.

⟨17⟩ -pariṣkaropa- • Correct -pariṣkāropa-. — ⟨17⟩ -pākka- ⬦ -pāka- Krishna Sastry 1990 • Correct -pāka. — ⟨17⟩ -kuṇḍa- ⬦ -kunda- Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨18⟩ -veḷkaṇḍa- ⬦ -velkoṇḍa- Krishna Sastry 1990 • Cf. Kondavidu II, l. 17. — ⟨18⟩ -maṇimarddi- ⬦ -maṇivarddha- Krishna Sastry 1990. — ⟨18⟩ -vāsinan ⬦ -vāsinān Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨19⟩ Arṭṭaluvuḷ· ⬦ Aṭṭaluvuṭu Krishna Sastry 1990 • Cf. Kondavidu II, l. 18. — ⟨19⟩ -bādhapari- • According to Krishna Sastry, this must be corrected to -bādhāpari-. But the reading -bādhāpari- is not attested anywhere in these inscriptions. — ⟨19⟩ tatra ⬦ tattra Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨20⟩ bhavatti • Correct bhavanti. — ⟨20⟩ bhartr̥ ⬦ bhartur- Krishna Sastry 1990 • Krishna Sastry emends to bhatr̥-. Neither Krishna Sastry’ reading nor his emendation is correct.

⟨21⟩ -bāla- ⬦ bala- Krishna Sastry 1990. — ⟨21⟩ sā bhavet ⬦ sābhavat Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨22⟩ kr̥tinaḫh ⬦ kr̥tinaḥ Krishna Sastry 1990. — ⟨22⟩ neka° • Correct naika°.

⟨23⟩ saha • Emend sa. — ⟨23⟩ bhūmidānāt ⬦ bhūmidānān Krishna Sastry 1990. — ⟨23⟩ na bhūtan ⬦ nu bhūtan Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨24⟩ haraṇāt ⬦ haraṇān Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨26⟩ vasundharām· ⬦ vasundharā Krishna Sastry 1990 • Krishna Sastry corrected to vasundharām.

⟨28-9⟩ bhūmi tasya • Correct bhūmis tasya.

⟨30⟩ tracatvāriṁśati ⬦ tra catvāriṁśati Krishna Sastry 1990 • Despite the reading, the interpretation of Krishna Sastry and his contemporaries must have been that this must be emended to tricatvāriṁśati, and this is indeed what must be done. — ⟨30⟩ phālguṇa- ⬦ phālguna- Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨31⟩ tr̥tiyāyām ⬦ tritīyāyām Krishna Sastry 1990 • Correct tr̥tīyāyām. — ⟨31⟩ candrārkodadhayo ⬦ candrārkkodadhayo Krishna Sastry 1990.

⟨32⟩ yāvac ceyaṁ ⬦ yāvac ch(re*)yaṁ Krishna Sastry 1990.

Translation

(1–13) Hail! From the victorious camp of Nandivardhana, the illustrious king Pr̥thivīśrīmūla, blessed by the feet of his parents; upholder of all laws on class and stage of life, in impeccable manner, through [his] intelligence and discrimination produced by [his] perception of the meanings of the words enjoined in revelation and tradition; who had attained the heavy burden of sovereignty with the purpose of accumulating merit produced by protecting his subjects; for whom the rules of the Old Royal Sage (i.e. Manu) were an unbreakable law; who had won victory more than once on battle grounds that were excessively terrifying, dense with thousands of swords sharpened many times; who, like the moon, brought pleasure to his subjects; who, like the ocean, was of profound nature; who had brought fruit to his bodily and mental activities by daily worship of his preferred deity at the three junctures and by grants of cows, lands, gold and maidens, etc.; devout worshiper of Maheśvara; extremely devout; son of the celebrated great king Śrī Prabhākara, whose fame was the ornament of all quarters of space, whose unsurpassed store of merit had been obtained by the veneration of the feet of gods, brahmins and masters — he commands all residents of his (?) own district, as follows:

(13–23) ‘Be it known to you that, having endorsed (adhiṣṭhāya) the officer in charge of constructions and renovations residing on the Aparaśaila (to oversee the gift), the village named Arṭṭaluvuḷ, being in the middle of the villages called Karakuṇḍa, Kaṁsāryya, Veḷkaṇḍa, Kuriki, Maṇimarddi and Pallaveñca, in the Tāḻupāka district, has been given by me—with complete exemption of taxes—for the purpose of the requisites consisting in robe, alms-food, lodging, as well as medicine to cure the sick, of the community of noble excellent monks of the four quarters and eighteen schools, residing in the great monastery called Śrī-Loka, that had been established by myself on the eastern slope of the eminent mountain at the world-renowned Śrī-Guṇapāśapura. No one may make any trouble in this connection. And there are verses pronounced by Manu on this matter:

I

The destiny of those who slay their master, a cow, a brahmin, a child, a woman or an ascetic, will be the one of him who seizes [the land/livelihood] that is marked by a (royal) charter.

II

Hear the fruit of the virtuous man who protects it scrupulously: during numerous thousands of aeons he plays in heaven with the gods.

III

There is not and will not be any higher gift than the gift of land. There is not and will not be any worse sin than the theft of the same.

IV

The giver of land stays in heaven for sixty thousand years; the one who seizes [land] as well as the one who approves (of the seizing) will reside as many [years] in hell.

V

He who would seize land given by himself or by someone else becomes a worm in excrement and is cooked together with his ancestors.

VI

By numerous [kings], land has been given; and by many it has been protected. Whoever holds land at a given moment, to him does the fruit then belong.

(29–31) The charter has been dated in the forty-third year, current, of the victorious and prosperous reign, on the third [day], current, of the waxing fortnight of the month of Phālguṇa.

VII

As long as moon, sun and oceans [last], and as long as this earth [lasts], so long may the command of Śrī Mūlarāja protect this land!

Bibliography

First described and edited by Krishna Sastry 1990, pp. 74–5, 80–2. Re-edited here from the estampages published by Krishna Sastry and after autopsy of the plates.

Secondary

Krishna Sastry, V. V. 1992. Three grants of Prithvisri Mūlarāja from Kondavidu. Epigraphical Series 20. Hyderabad: Dept. of Archaeology & Museums, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh. Pages 20–9.

No name. 1887–. Annual report on Indian epigraphy. Madras; Calcutta; New Delhi: Government of Madras; Archaeological Survey of India. Pages 1995–96: 3, no. A.5.

Hanumantha Rao, B. S. L., N. S. Ramachandra Murthy, B. Subrahmanyam and Īmani Śivanāgireḍḍi. 1998. Buddhist inscriptions of Andhradesa. Secunderabad: Ananda Buddha Vihara Trust. Pages 216–9.

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- - - - - - - - -

[1] Inventory no. EIAD: 189

[2] Raghunath no.:

[3] Srinivasan & Sankaranarayanan no.:

[4] Tsukamoto no.:

[5] Lüders no.:

[6] Support : 5 copper plates

[7] (Faces:) Lines: 32

[8] H: 22.5

[9] W: 6

[10] D:

[11] H:

[12] W:

[13] Language(s): Sanskrit

[14] Original locality: A rockshelter at Kondavidu Fort, Guntur Dt.

[15] Present locality: Guntur, Bauddhasiri Museum, acc. no. B.M.G. 169

[16] Primary bibliography: Krishna Sastry 1990: 74-5, 80-2.

[17] Secondary bibliography: Krishna Sastry 1992: 20-9. — ARIE 1995-96: 3, A.5. — Hanumantha Rao et al. 1998: 216-9.

[18] Visual documentation: Krishna Sastry 1990; 1992.

[19] Substance of inscription: Pr̥thivīśrīmūlarāja grants village Arṭṭaluvuḷ to monastery at Guṇapāśapura

[20] Remarks: Krishna Sastry 1992 reproduces the 1990 publication without any of the notes.

[21] : PSM5 Kondavidu 3

-->

<title>Copper plates from Kondavidu (set III) — reign of Pr̥thivīśrīmūla, year 43</title>

<resp>author of digital edition</resp>

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<p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported

Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to

Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,

California, 94041, USA.</p>

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<title>Copper plates from Kondavidu (set III) — reign of Pr̥thivīśrīmūla, year 43</title>

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<forename>Vincent</forename>

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<forename>Stefan</forename>

<surname>Baums</surname>

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<surname>Strauch</surname>

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<resp>assistance with XML encoding and metadata

verification</resp>

<forename>Chloé</forename>

<surname>Chollet</surname>

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<resp>assistance with XML encoding and metadata

verification</resp>

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<resp>digital humanities consultant</resp>

<forename>Emmanuelle</forename>

<surname>Morlock</surname>

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<resp>digital humanities consultant</resp>

<forename>Andrew</forename>

<surname>Ollett</surname>

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<p>First digital edition made by École française d'Extrême-Orient (Paris, France), realized in collaboration with the HiSoMA Research Centre (Lyon, France) and hosted by TGIR Huma-Num (France) as <ref target="http://hisoma.huma-num.fr/exist/apps/EIAD/index2.html">Early Inscriptions of Āndhradeśa, in 2015-2017.</ref>

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<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSEIAD00189</idno>

Tournier.</p>

<p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To

view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ or send

a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California,

94041, USA.</p>

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<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).</p>

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<p>Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.</p>

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<text xml:space="preserve"><body><div type="edition" xml:lang="san-Latn"><ab><pb n="1b"/><lb n="1"/>svasti <g type="dextrorotatory-spiral"/>śrīvijayanandivarddhanavāsakād devadvijagurucaraṇāravinda<lb n="2" break="no"/>samārādhanādhigatavipulaniratiśayapuṇyanicayasya sakala<lb n="3" break="no"/>diṅma<space type="binding-hole"/>ṇḍalālaṁkārabhūtayaśasaḥ śrīprabhākaravikhyātamahārāja<lb n="4" break="no"/>sya sūnuḥ mātāpitr̥pādānuddhyātaḥ śrutismr̥tivihitapadārtthāvabodha<lb n="5" break="no"/><pb n="2a"/>janitaprajñāvivekaniravagītānupālitāśeṣavarṇṇāśramadha<lb n="6" break="no"/>rmmaḥ prajāparirakṣaṇopajanitapuṇyopacayaprayojanāvāptarā<lb n="7" break="no"/>jyaguru<space type="binding-hole"/>bhāraḥ pūrvvarājarṣimaryyādānatikramaṇīyadharmmaḥ Asakr̥<lb n="8" break="no"/>danekaniśitanistriṁśasahasrasaṁkulātibhīmasaṁgrāmabhūmiprati<lb n="9" break="no"/><pb n="2b"/><fw place="marginleft"><num value="2">2</num></fw>labdhavijayī śaśīva prajānandakaraḥ udadhir iva gabhīras<del rend="erasure">v</del>atvaḥ <lb n="10"/>Aharahas trisandhyām iṣṭadevatārādhanena gobhūmihiraṇyakanyā<lb n="11" break="no"/>pradānā<space type="binding-hole"/>dibhiś ca saphalīkr̥takāyacittopakaraṇaḥ paramamā<lb n="12" break="no"/>heśvaraḥ paramabrahmaṇyaḥ śrīman· prithiviśrīmūlarājaḥ svaviṣayani<lb n="13" break="no"/><pb n="3a"/>vāsinaḥ sarvvān evam ājñāpayati yathā viditam astu bhavatām· bhuvanavi<lb n="14" break="no"/>dite śrīguṇapāśapure śailendrapūrvvadigbhāganitambe matpratiṣṭhāpita<lb n="15" break="no"/>śrīloka<space type="binding-hole"/>vikhyātamahāvihāranivāsinaḥ Aṣṭādaśanikāyacātu<lb n="16" break="no"/>rddiśāryyavarabhikṣusaṁghasya cīvarapiṇḍapātaśaiyyāsanaglānapra<lb n="17" break="no"/><pb n="3b"/><fw place="marginleft"><num value="3">3</num></fw><surplus>pra</surplus>tyayabhaiṣajyapariṣkaropabhogāya tāḻupākkaviṣaye karakuṇḍakaṁ<lb n="18" break="no"/>sāryyaveḷkaṇḍakurikimaṇimarddipallaveñcanāmadheyagrāmamaddhyagataḥ Aparaśailanivāsinan navakarmmika<lb n="19" break="no"/>m adhiṣṭhāya Arṭṭaluvuḷ· nāma grāmas sarvvabādhaparihāreṇa mayā dattaḥ tatra na ke<lb n="20" break="no"/>na cit paribādhā karaṇīyā bhavatti cātra manugītā ślokāḥ </ab><lg met="Anuṣṭubh" n="1"><l n="a">nighnatāṁ bhartr̥govipra <lb n="21" break="no"/></l><pb n="4a"/><l n="b">bālayoṣittapasvinaḥ </l><l n="c">yā gatis sā bhavet tasya </l><l n="d">harataś śāsanāṁkitām· </l></lg><lg met="Anuṣṭubh" n="2"><l n="a"><lb n="22"/>tām eva rakṣato yatnāt· </l><l n="b">nibodha kr̥tinaḫḫ phalam· </l><l n="c">nekakalpasahasrāṇi </l><l n="d">divi <lb n="23"/>devai<space type="binding-hole"/>s saha dīvyati <g type="ddanda">.</g></l></lg><lg met="Anuṣṭubh" n="3"><l n="a">bhūmidānāt paran dānan </l><l n="b">na bhūtan na bhaviṣyati </l><l n="c"><lb n="24"/>tasyaiva haraṇāt pāpam· </l><l n="d">na bhūtan na bhaviṣyati <g type="ddanda">.</g></l></lg><lg met="Anuṣṭubh" n="4"><l n="a">ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣasaha<lb n="25" break="no"/><pb n="4b"/><fw place="marginleft"><num value="4">4</num></fw>srāṇi </l><l n="b">svargge tiṣṭhati bhūmidaḥ </l><l n="c">Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca </l><l n="d">tāny eva <lb n="26"/>nara<space type="binding-hole"/>ke vaset· </l></lg><lg met="Anuṣṭubh" n="5"><l n="a">svadattāṁ paradattāṁ vā </l><l n="b">yo hareta vasundharām· </l><l n="c"><lb n="27"/>sa vi<space type="binding-hole"/>ṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā </l><l n="d">pitr̥bhis saha pacyate <g type="ddanda">.</g></l></lg><lg met="Anuṣṭubh" n="6"><l n="a">bahubhi<lb n="28" break="no"/>r vvasudhā dattā </l><l n="b">bahubhi<unclear>ś</unclear> <unclear>cā</unclear>nupālitā </l><l n="c">yasya yasya yadā bhūmi </l><l n="d"><pb n="5a"/><lb n="29"/>tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ </l></lg><ab xml:id="seq2998">pravarddhamānavijayarājyasaṁvatsare <lb n="30"/>traca<space type="binding-hole"/>tvāriṁśati varttamāne phālguṇamāsaśuklapakṣasya <lb n="31"/>tr̥tiyāyām· varttamānāyāṁ śāsanam aṁkitam· <g type="ddanda">.</g></ab><lg met="Anuṣṭubh" n="7"><l n="a">candrārkodadhayo yāvat· </l><l n="b"><lb n="32"/>yāvac ceyaṁ vasundharā </l><l n="c">Ājñā śrīmūlarājasya </l><l n="d">tāvat pātu mahīm imām· </l></lg></div><div type="apparatus"><listApp><app loc="1"><lem>svasti <g type="dextrorotatory-spiral"/></lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">svasti [||*] siddham</rdg><note>The first word is engraved in the left margin.</note></app><app loc="1"><lem>-varddhana-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">-vardhana-</rdg></app><app loc="1"><lem>caraṇāravinda-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">cārṇāravinda-</rdg></app><app loc="3-4"><lem>vikhyātamahārājasya</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">vikhyātasya</rdg></app><app loc="5"><lem>-niravagitānu-</lem><note>Correct <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-niravagītānu-</foreign></note></app><app loc="5"><lem>-pāli-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">-pūli-</rdg></app><app loc="7"><lem>-maryyādānati-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">-maryādānati-</rdg></app><app loc="7-8"><lem>asakr̥d-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">Asakra(kr̥)d-</rdg><note>There is no <foreign>kra</foreign> to correct to <foreign>kr̥ </foreign>. See a clear example of <foreign>kr̥ </foreign> in l.

10.</note></app><app loc="8"><lem>-kulātibhīma-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">-kulāni bhīma-</rdg></app><app loc="9"><lem>gabhīra-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">gaṁbhīra-</rdg></app><app loc="9"><lem>-s<del rend="erasure">v</del>atvaḥ</lem><note>Krishna Sastry does not note the scribal deletion.</note></app><app loc="10"><lem>-hiraṇya-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">-hiraṇyo-</rdg></app><app loc="12"><lem>prithivi-</lem><note>Correct <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">pr̥thivī-</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="13-14"><lem>bhuvanavidite śrīguṇapāśapure</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">bhuvanaviditaḥ śrīguṇapāśapurāt</rdg></app><app loc="15"><lem>Aṣṭādaśa-</lem><note>A <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">kākapāda</foreign> is marked above the <foreign>śa</foreign>, but no correction or insertion seems to be made nor is

any expected.</note></app><app loc="15–16"><lem>cāturddiśāryya-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">caturddaśāryya-</rdg></app><app loc="16"><lem>-śaiyyāsana-</lem><note>Correct <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-śayyāsana-</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="16-17"><lem>-prapratyaya-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">-prapatyāya-</rdg><note>Correct <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-pratyaya-</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="17"><lem>-pariṣkaropa-</lem><note>Correct <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-pariṣkāropa-</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="17"><lem>-pākka-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">-pāka-</rdg><note>Correct <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-pāka</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="17"><lem>-kuṇḍa-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">-kunda-</rdg></app><app loc="18"><lem>-veḷkaṇḍa-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">-velkoṇḍa-</rdg><note>Cf. Kondavidu II, l. 17.</note></app><app loc="18"><lem>-maṇimarddi-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">-maṇivarddha-</rdg></app><!-- Ancient note which I (VT) does not think is justified <app loc="18">

<lem>-pallaveñca-</lem>

<note>Rather read <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-pallavekhā-</foreign>?</note>

</app>--><app loc="18"><lem>-vāsinan</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">-vāsinān</rdg></app><app loc="19"><lem>Arṭṭaluvuḷ·</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">Aṭṭaluvuṭu</rdg><note>Cf. Kondavidu II, l. 18.</note></app><app loc="19"><lem>-bādhapari-</lem><note>According to Krishna Sastry, this must be corrected to <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-bādhāpari-</foreign>. But the reading <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-bādhāpari-</foreign> is not attested anywhere in these

inscriptions.</note></app><app loc="19"><lem>tatra</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">tattra</rdg></app><app loc="20"><lem>bhavatti</lem><note>Correct <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">bhavanti</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="20"><lem>bhartr̥</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">bhartur-</rdg><note>Krishna Sastry emends to bhatr̥-. Neither Krishna Sastry’ reading nor his

emendation is correct.</note></app><app loc="21"><lem>-bāla-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">bala-</rdg></app><app loc="21"><lem>sā bhavet</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">sābhavat</rdg></app><app loc="22"><lem>kr̥tinaḫh</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">kr̥tinaḥ </rdg></app><app loc="22"><lem>neka°</lem><note>Correct naika°.</note></app><app loc="23"><lem>saha</lem><note>Emend <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sa</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="23"><lem>bhūmidānāt</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">bhūmidānān</rdg></app><app loc="23"><lem>na bhūtan</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">nu bhūtan</rdg></app><app loc="24"><lem>haraṇāt</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">haraṇān</rdg></app><app loc="26"><lem>vasundharām·</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">vasundharā</rdg><note>Krishna Sastry corrected to <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">vasundharām</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="28-9"><lem>bhūmi tasya</lem><note>Correct <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">bhūmis tasya</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="30"><lem>tracatvāriṁśati</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">tra catvāriṁśati</rdg><note>Despite the reading, the interpretation of Krishna Sastry and his contemporaries

must have been that this must be emended to <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">tricatvāriṁśati</foreign>, and this is indeed what must be done.</note></app><app loc="30"><lem>phālguṇa-</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">phālguna-</rdg></app><app loc="31"><lem>tr̥tiyāyām</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">tritīyāyām</rdg><note>Correct <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">tr̥tīyāyām</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="31"><lem>candrārkodadhayo</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">candrārkkodadhayo</rdg></app><app loc="32"><lem>yāvac ceyaṁ</lem><rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01">yāvac ch<unclear>re*</unclear>yaṁ</rdg></app></listApp></div><div type="translation"><p n="1–13"> Hail! From the victorious camp of Nandivardhana,

the illustrious king Pr̥thivīśrīmūla, blessed by the feet of his parents; upholder of all

laws on class and stage of life, in impeccable manner, through [his] intelligence and

discrimination produced by [his] perception of the meanings of the words enjoined in

revelation and tradition; who had attained the heavy burden of sovereignty with the

purpose of accumulating merit produced by protecting his subjects; for whom the rules of

the Old Royal Sage (i.e. Manu) were an unbreakable law; who had won victory more than once

on battle grounds that were excessively terrifying, dense with thousands of swords

sharpened many times; who, like the moon, brought pleasure to his subjects; who, like the

ocean, was of profound nature; who had brought fruit to his bodily and mental activities

by daily worship of his preferred deity at the three junctures and by grants of cows,

lands, gold and maidens, etc.; devout worshiper of Maheśvara; extremely devout; son of the

celebrated great king Śrī Prabhākara, whose fame was the ornament of all quarters of

space, whose unsurpassed store of merit had been obtained by the veneration of the feet of

gods, brahmins and masters — he commands all residents of his (?) own district, as

follows:</p><p n="13–23"> ‘Be it known to you that, having endorsed

(<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">adhiṣṭhāya</foreign>) the officer in charge of constructions and renovations residing on the

Aparaśaila (to oversee the gift), the village named Arṭṭaluvuḷ, being in the middle of the

villages called Karakuṇḍa, Kaṁsāryya, Veḷkaṇḍa, Kuriki, Maṇimarddi and Pallaveñca, in the

Tāḻupāka district, has been given by me—with complete exemption of taxes—for the purpose

of the requisites consisting in robe, alms-food, lodging, as well as medicine to cure the

sick, of the community of noble excellent monks of the four quarters and eighteen schools,

residing in the great monastery called Śrī-Loka, that had been established by myself on

the eastern slope of the eminent mountain at the world-renowned Śrī-Guṇapāśapura. No one

may make any trouble in this connection. And there are verses

pronounced by Manu on this matter:</p><p n="1" rend="stanza">The destiny of those who slay their master, a cow, a brahmin, a

child, a woman or an ascetic, will be the one of him who seizes [the land/livelihood] that

is marked by a (royal) charter.</p><p n="2" rend="stanza">Hear the fruit of the virtuous man who protects it scrupulously:

during numerous thousands of aeons he plays in heaven with the gods.</p><p n="3" rend="stanza">There is not and will not be any higher gift than the gift of land.

There is not and will not be any worse sin than the theft of the same.</p><p n="4" rend="stanza">The giver of land stays in heaven for sixty thousand years; the one

who seizes [land] as well as the one who approves (of the seizing) will reside as many

[years] in hell.</p><p n="5" rend="stanza">He who would seize land given by himself or by someone else becomes a

worm in excrement and is cooked together with his ancestors.</p><p n="6" rend="stanza">By numerous [kings], land has been given; and by many it has been

protected. Whoever holds land at a given moment, to him does the fruit then belong.</p><p n="29-31"> The charter has been dated in the forty-third

year, current, of the victorious and prosperous reign, on the third [day], current, of the

waxing fortnight of the month of Phālguṇa.</p><p n="7" rend="stanza">As long as moon, sun and oceans [last], and as long as this earth

[lasts], so long may the command of Śrī Mūlarāja protect this land!</p></div><!--<div type="commentary">

<note>@loc = number of the line commented here in the note element.</note>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>--><div type="bibliography"><p>First described and edited by <bibl><ptr target="bib:KrishnaSastry1990_01"/>: <citedRange>74-5, 80-2</citedRange></bibl>. Re-edited here from the estampages published by Krishna Sastry and after autopsy

of the plates.</p><listBibl type="primary"><bibl/></listBibl><listBibl type="secondary"><bibl><ptr target="bib:KrishnaSastry1992_01"/>: <citedRange>20-9</citedRange></bibl><bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE"/><citedRange>1995-96: 3, no. A.5</citedRange></bibl><bibl><ptr target="bib:HanumanthaRao+al1998_01"/>: <citedRange>216-9</citedRange></bibl></listBibl></div></body></text>

</TEI>