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65 <date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
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· <ab><pb n="1b"/><lb n="1"/><unclear><g type="dextrorotatory-spiral"/></unclear>svasti</ab>
· <lg met="anuṣṭubh" n="1">
195 <l n="a">jitaṁ bhagavatā tena</l>
· <l n="b">saṁbuddhena kr̥pātmanā</l>
· <l n="c">nirvvāṇaprāptaye yena</l>
· <l n="d">sadbhy<unclear>o</unclear> mārggaḥ pra<unclear>da</unclear>rśitaḥ <g type="ddanda"/></l>
· </lg>
200 <ab>satvasatya<lb n="2" break="no"/>tyāgābhi<unclear>ja</unclear>nanayavinayotsāhādiguṇagaṇasaṁpadā svayamadhigatarājyānāṁ samyakprajāpālanāt pra<lb n="3" break="no"/><space type="binding-hole"/>
· thitāvadātapr̥thuyaśasāṁ rājñāṁ viṣṇukuṇḍīnām amalavipulasakalakulatila<lb n="4" break="no"/><space type="binding-hole"/>kena śrī-mahārājendravarmma-satpautreṇa mahārāja-śrīmādhavavarmmaṇaḥ suputreṇa svataya<lb n="5" break="no"/>bhujabalotsāha-prabhāvānurāgāvāpta-svarājyena śauryya-dhairyya-pratāpānubhāvād a<lb n="6" break="no"/><pb n="2v"/>nyasāmantākrāntarājyāntareṇa dānamānādibhir anuraktavarṇṇāśramasvajanaparijanena grāmakṣetra<lb n="7" break="no"/>hi<unclear>ra</unclear>ṇya-dviradaturagagobalīvarddaśayanāsanayānapānabhojanabhājanabhavanavasanābharaṇakanyā<lb n="8" break="no"/><space type="binding-hole"/>dāsīdāsasahasrāṇāṁ dātrā Anekadevāyatanavihārasabhāprapātaḍākodupānā<lb n="9" break="no"/><space type="binding-hole"/>rām<unclear>a</unclear>pratisaṁskārapūrvvakaraṇenālaṁkr̥tasakaladigantareṇa bhikṣudvijā<unclear>n</unclear>ātha<unclear>yāca</unclear>kavyā<lb n="10" break="no"/>dhitadīnakr̥paṇajanopabhujyamānanyāyādhigatavibhavadhanasamudayenāsa<unclear>kr̥</unclear>dasakr̥tsa<unclear>r</unclear>vva<lb n="11" break="no"/>svatyāginā sakalaśāstrārtthaśravaṇaparijñānād iha paratra cānanyaca<unclear>kṣ</unclear>u<unclear>ṣ</unclear>ā vi<unclear>d</unclear>vachhūramahā<lb n="12" break="no"/><pb n="2v"/><fw place="marginleft"><num value="2">2</num></fw>kulīnajanasamāśrayeṇa sakalasatvadhātutrāṇāyotpāditamahābodhicigtena mahārājaśrī<lb n="13" break="no"/>govindavarmmaṇā Ātmanaḥ pravarddhamāna-vijaya-rājya-saṁvatsare saptatriṁśatke vaiśākha-pūrṇṇamāsyāṁ bhaga<lb n="14" break="no"/><space type="binding-hole"/>vato daśabalabalinaḥ caturvvaiśāradyaviśāradasyāṣṭādaśāveṇikabuddhadharmmasamalaṁ<unclear>k</unclear>r̥<lb n="15" break="no"/><space type="binding-hole"/>tamūrtter dvātriṁśatmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇavaropalakṣitasya jātijarāmaraṇaśokādiṣu bahu<lb n="16" break="no"/>saṁsāraduḥkhanimagnasarvvasatvottāraṇāyānekakalpāsaṁkhyeyopacitapuṇyajñānasaṁbhārabhāra<lb n="17" break="no"/>syāpagatarāgadveṣamohajananamaraṇaduḥkhasyāpratihatānāvaraṇasakalajñeyaj<unclear>ñ</unclear>ānā<lb n="18" break="no"/><pb n="3r"/>t samyaksaṁbuddhasya buddhasya mā<unclear>rg</unclear>gam abhiprapannaṁ nirvvidvirāgaśīlaśikṣādhutaguṇāddhyayanaśravaṇa<supplied reason="lost">ci</supplied><lb n="19" break="no"/>ntanabhāvanādhy<unclear>ā</unclear>nasamādhisamāpattyādibhi guṇagaṇair anuttaraṁ puṇyakṣetraṁ triyānayāyinaṁ cāturdd<unclear>i</unclear><lb n="20" break="no"/><space type="binding-hole"/>śam āryyasaṅgham uddiśya tyāgaparibhogānvayam aupadhikañ ca puṇyakriyāvastvabhinirvvartta<lb n="21" break="no"/><space type="binding-hole"/>yiṣyatā mātāpitroḥ sarvvasatvānāñ ca nikhiladāridye duḥkhopaśama-hetoḥ svasyā Agra<lb n="22" break="no"/>mahiṣyā parama-mahādevyā vihārasya dīpa-dhūpa-gandha-puṣpa-dhvaja-pāna-bhojana-śayanāsana-glāna<lb n="23" break="no"/>-bhaiṣajya-khaṇḍasphuṭita-śīrṇṇa-saṁskārādi-k<unclear>u</unclear>śala-mūlānupac<unclear>ch</unclear>edārtthaṁ dvāv em<unclear>b</unclear>u<unclear>d</unclear>ala-peṇ<unclear>k</unclear>apaṟa<lb n="24" break="no"/><pb n="3b"/><fw place="marginleft"><num value="3">3</num></fw>-nāmadheyau grāmau Udakadāna-pūrvvakaṁm atisr̥ṣṭau sanidhisopanidhisadaṇḍakaravriṣṭisocche<unclear>ṣaṇa</unclear>bhāga<lb n="25" break="no"/>bhogapradey<unclear>a</unclear> cārabhaṭadūtavallabharājapuruṣair apraveśyau vimuktasakalapari<unclear>hā</unclear>rau viṣ<unclear>ṇu</unclear>k<unclear>u</unclear>ṇ<unclear>ḍ</unclear>i<lb n="26" break="no"/><space type="binding-hole"/>kulavaṁśyai rājabhis saṁrakṣaṇīyau saṁvarddhanīyau ca sthitir eṣā sthā<unclear>p</unclear>it<unclear>a</unclear> sthityatikrame pa<unclear>ñ</unclear>ca<lb n="27" break="no"/><space type="binding-hole"/>mahāpātakayogaḥ pravr̥ttapuṇyakriyāvicchede cānattaduḥkhabhūyiṣṭh<unclear>a</unclear>nara<unclear>ka</unclear>ti<unclear>r</unclear>yya<lb n="28" break="no"/>kpretagatiṣv aniṣṭakarmmaphalopabhogam anubhavanti <g type="ddanda"/>bhavanti cātra manugītā ślokā <g type="ddanda"/><space quantity="1" unit="character"/></ab><lg met="Anuṣṭubh" n="2"><l n="a"><lb n="29"/>ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣasahasrāṇi </l><l n="b">svargge vasati bhūmidaḥ </l><l n="c">Ācchettā hy anumantā ca </l><l n="d">tāny eva narake vase<unclear>t·</unclear> <g type="ddanda"/></l></lg><lg met="Anuṣṭubh" n="3"><l n="a"><pb n="4a"/><lb n="30"/>svadattāṁ paradattāṁ vā </l><l n="b">yo hareta vasundharām· </l><l n="c">sa viṣṭhāyāṁ krimir bhūtvā </l><l n="d">pitr̥bhi<unclear>s</unclear> <unclear>s</unclear>aha <unclear>pac</unclear>yate <g type="ddanda"/></l></lg><lg met="Anuṣṭubh" n="4"><l n="a"><lb n="31"/><space type="binding-hole"/>bahubhir vvasudhā dattā </l><l n="b">bahubhiś cānupālitā </l><l n="c">yasya yasya yadā bhūmis </l><l n="d">tasya <unclear>ta</unclear>sya ta<unclear>d</unclear>ā <lb n="32"/>phalam· <g type="ddanda"/></l></lg><lg met="Anuṣṭubh" n="5"><l n="a">bhuvi merūdadhī yāvad </l><l n="b">divīnduravimārutā </l><l n="c">tāvac chrīvi<unclear>ṣ</unclear>ṇukuṇḍīnāṁ </l><l n="d">pr̥thivīṁ śāstu ś<unclear>ā</unclear>sana<unclear>ṁ</unclear> <unclear><g type="ddanda"/></unclear></l></lg></div><div type="apparatus"><listApp><app loc="1"><lem>satva-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">sa<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>tva-</rdg></app><app loc="2"><lem>-tyāgābhi<unclear>ja</unclear>na-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01"><unclear>tyāgābhijana</unclear></rdg></app><app loc="2"><lem>-saṁpadā</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">saṁpadāṁ</rdg><rdg source="bib:Mirashi1982_03">saṁpadāṁ</rdg><note><bibl><ptr target="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01"/></bibl> and <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mirashi1982_03"/></bibl> made a silent emendation. We prefer an instr. sg. ending.</note></app><app loc="4"><lem>svataya-</lem><note>Read <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">svanaya-</foreign>, as suggested by <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01"/></bibl>.</note></app><app loc="5-6"><lem>a<unclear>nya</unclear>sāmantā-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">anyasāmantā-</rdg><note>Emend <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">ananya-</foreign>?</note></app><app loc="6"><lem>anuraktavarṇṇāśrama-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">anuraktavarṇāśrama</rdg></app><app loc="7"><lem>-hi<unclear>ra</unclear>ṇya-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">-hiraṇya-</rdg></app><app loc="8"><lem>-taḍākodupāna-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">-taḍakodupāna-</rdg><note><bibl><ptr target="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01"/></bibl> erroneously suggest to emend <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-kodapāna-</foreign>. On
· <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">udupāna</foreign>, already found in Aśokan inscriptions,
· see BHSD, s.v.</note></app><app loc="9"><lem>-rāmaprati</lem><note>A locative form is expected here: cf. the Gunaighar copper-plate inscription: <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">vihāre ca khaṇḍaphuṭṭapratisaṁskārakaraṇāya</foreign>. Perhaps a
· loc. singular form can be accepted, in which case there is no need to supply <foreign>-ṣu</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="9"><lem>-pratisaṁskārapūrva-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">-pratisaṁskārāpūrva-</rdg><note>It seems necessary to follow here the silent emendation of <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01"/></bibl>. For a discussion on the term <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">apūrvakaraṇa</foreign> in light of parallels, see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Tournier2018_01"/><citedRange>28–29, n. 19</citedRange></bibl>.</note></app><app loc="10"><lem>-sa<unclear>rv</unclear>va-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">-<unclear>sva</unclear>sarvva-</rdg><rdg source="bib:Mirashi1982_03">-sarvva-</rdg><note>The space left between the <foreign>sa</foreign> and the <foreign>rvva</foreign> might be due to the descending ya marker from the above line.</note></app><app loc="11"><lem>iha paratra</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">ihāparatra</rdg><note><bibl><ptr target="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01"/></bibl> does a silent emendation. </note></app><app loc="12"><lem>satva-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">sa<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>tva-</rdg></app><app loc="12"><lem>-mahābodhicigtena</lem><note>Read <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">mahābodhicittena</foreign> with Sankaranarayan.</note></app><app loc="14"><lem>samalaṁkr̥-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">samala<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied>kr̥-</rdg></app><app loc="15"><lem>-triṁśat-</lem><note>Correct <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-triṁśan-</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="18"><lem>nirvviḍvirāga</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">-nirvviḍvirāga-</rdg><note><bibl><ptr target="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01"/></bibl> suggests that <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">nirdviḍ</foreign> is probably the
205 intended first word. This, however, is incorrect. Cf. BHSD, s.v. <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">nirvid</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="18"><lem>-śravaṇa<supplied reason="lost">ci</supplied>-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">-śravaṇaci-</rdg></app><app loc="19"><lem>-bhāvanā-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">-bhāvana-</rdg></app><app loc="19"><lem>-samāpattyādibhi-</lem><note>Emend <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">samāpattyādibhir</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="20"><lem>puṇyakriyāvastvabhi-</lem><note>Understand <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">puṇyakriyāvastum abhi-</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="21"><lem>dāridye</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">dāridrya</rdg><note>Emendation of <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01"/></bibl>. This seems supported by the not common occurrence of <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">dāridryaduḥkha</foreign> as a compound in Buddhist Sanskrit texts. See <hi rend="italic">Gaṇḍavyūha</hi> (V) 77: <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">... eṣa samādhiḥ, yatra hi nāma evaṁ sarvasattvānām aparimāṇaduḥkhaskandhavyupaśamāya pratyupasthitaḥ, yaduta dāridryaduḥkhaskandhavyupaśamārthena pratyupasthitaḥ |</foreign>. </note></app>
· <app loc="21-22">
· <lem>agramahiṣyā</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">agramahiṣyā<unclear>ḥ</unclear></rdg>
· </app>
210 <app loc="23">
· <lem>-bheṣajya-</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">-bhaiṣajya-</rdg>
· </app>
· <app loc="23">
215 <lem>em<unclear>b</unclear>u<unclear>d</unclear>ala-peṇ<unclear>k</unclear>apaṟa</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">ermad<unclear>ā</unclear>lapeṇkaru-</rdg>
· <note>The toponym is also attested in V engi Calukya 4, 14, and 15. <seg rend="check">CHECK spelling ṟa/ṟu</seg>.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="24"><lem>pūrvvakaṁm</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">pūrvvakam</rdg></app>
220 <app loc="24">
· <lem>-sadaṇḍ<unclear>a</unclear>karavriṣṭisocche<unclear>ṣaṇa</unclear>bhāga-</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">-sadaṇḍaviṣṭis<unclear>v</unclear>occhiṣṭabhāga-</rdg>
· <rdg source="bib:Mirashi1982_03">-sadaṇḍakaraviṣṭi<unclear>sodraṅga</unclear>bhāga-</rdg>
· <note><bibl><ptr target="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01"/></bibl> remarks that <q>originally <foreign>vvi</foreign> was
225 engraved</q>. While the hypothetical reading proposed by <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mirashi1982_03"/></bibl> is meaningful, the number of syllables does not match that of our plate. Moreover,
· the expression <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sodraṅga</foreign> does not seem to be found in
· the inscriptions of this time and region.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="25">
230 <lem>-pradeya cāra-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">-pradeyāv ācāra-</rdg><note>The akṣara <foreign>y<unclear>a</unclear></foreign> might also be read <foreign>y<unclear>o</unclear></foreign>, assuming the white mark running above the subscript <foreign>ra</foreign>
· of the above <foreign>grā</foreign> to be a vocalic marker. This would then be a
· mistake for <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">pradeyau</foreign>. Emend accordingly. </note></app><app loc="26"><lem>sthā<unclear>p</unclear>it<unclear>a</unclear></lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">sthāpitā</rdg><rdg source="bib:Mirashi1982_03">sthāpitā</rdg><note>We however see no trace of the <foreign>-ā</foreign> marker, although one should
· emend <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sth<unclear>ā</unclear>pitā</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="27"><lem>cānatta-</lem><note>Correct <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">cānanta-</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="27"><lem>-bhūyiṣṭh<unclear>a</unclear>narak<unclear>a</unclear>-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">-bhūyiṣṭhe narake</rdg></app><app loc="28"><lem>anubhavan<unclear>t</unclear>i</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">anubhavati</rdg><note>The <foreign>-u</foreign> marker of the akṣara nu unusually turns outwards,
· instead of inwards.</note></app>
235 <app loc="28">
· <lem>manugītā</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Mirashi1982_03">manugītā</rdg>
· <rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">manugitā</rdg>
· </app>
240 <app loc="29">
· <lem>varṣasahasrāṇi</lem>
· <note>There seems to be a ponctuation mark at the end of the first <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">pāda</foreign>, although this might also be a scratch.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="29">
245 <lem>hy anumantā</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">cānumantā</rdg>
· <rdg source="bib:Mirashi1982_03">cānumantā</rdg></app>
· <app loc="32"><lem>viṣṇukuṇḍīnāṁ</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">viṣṇukuṇḍināṁ</rdg>
· <note>The medial horizontal line of the <foreign>ṣ-</foreign> element in <foreign>ṣṇu</foreign> appears to be missing.</note>
250 </app>
· <app loc="32">
· <lem>pr̥thivīṁ</lem><rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">pr̥thivī<unclear>ṁ</unclear></rdg>
· <rdg source="bib:Mirashi1982_03">pr̥thivī</rdg>
· </app>
255 <app loc="32">
· <lem>śāstu</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Mirashi1982_03">śāstu</rdg>
· <rdg source="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01">śastu</rdg>
· </app>
260 </listApp></div><div type="translation"><p>Success! Hail!</p><p n="1" rend="stanza">Victory is achieved by the Bhagavant, the complete Buddha, the Compassionate One,
· by whom the path towards the obtention of <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">nirvāṇa</foreign> is shown to
· good people.</p><p n="2–13"> The great king Śrī-Govindavarman, who is an ornament to the entire great and
· spotless family of the Viṣṇukuṇḍin kings, who by their possession of many qualities such as goodness
· (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sattva</foreign>), truthfulness, relinquishment (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">tyāga</foreign>), noble descent, restraint, discipline, and perseverance,
265 had themselves obtained kingship, and whose spotless great fame spread far and wide because of their
· perfect governing of their subjects; [Govindavarman,] who is the good grand son of the illustrious
· great king Indravarman and the son of the great king Śrī Mādhavavarman; who has gained his kingship
· because of his restraint, the strength of his arms, his perseverance, might, and affection; who has
· overcome the proximate kingdoms of neighboring rulers (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">anyasāmanta</foreign>) by the force of his heroism, courage, and majesty; to whom [men of all]
270 classes and stages, kinsmen and servants are attached due to his gifts, courtesies, etc.; who is the
· giver of thousands of villages, fields, pieces of gold, elephants, horses, cows, bulls, beddings and
· seats, vehicles, drink and food, dishes, dwellings, garments, ornaments, brides, male
· and female slaves; who has adorned all directions by repairing and building anew many temples,
· monasteries, halls, cisterns, tanks, wells, and pleasure-groves (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">ārāma</foreign>); whose array of wealth and riches, which he has lawfully acquired, is being
275 enjoyed by monks, brahmins, those without a protector, beggars, the sick, the poor and the wretched
· people; who has relinquished, time and again, everything that he owns; who has an unequalled eye on
· this and the other world on account of his learning and understanding (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">śravaṇaparijñāna</foreign>) of the meaning of all treatises; who is a refuge for the learned,
· the brave, and those of noble birth; who has conceived the great thought of Awakening in order to
· save the whole realm of sentient beings (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sattvadhātu</foreign>);</p><p n="13–23"> who, on the full moon day of (the month of) Vaiśākha, in the thirty-seventh year of his own
280 prosperous, victorious reign, having assigned (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">uddiśya</foreign>) [his gift]
· to the Noble Community of the four quarters mounting the three vehicles [leading to the states of <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">arhant</foreign>, <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">pratyekabuddha</foreign> and <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">samyaksaṁbuddha</foreign>] — (a community) that, because of its
· masses of qualities such as aversion from worldly matters (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">nirvid</foreign>), absence of passion, virtue, proper conduct, qualities of ascetics (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">dhutaguṇa</foreign>), study and learning, reflection, and mental cultivation
· [consisting, gradually in] meditative absorptions (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">dhyāna</foreign>),
· concentration (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">samādhi</foreign>) and attainments (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">samāpatti</foreign>), is a supreme field of merit; [and]
285 that has stridden onto the path of the Buddha, the Bhagavant, who is strong with the ten forces
· (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">bala</foreign>) and fearless with the four fearlessnesses (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">vaiśāradya</foreign>); whose embodiment (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">mūrti</foreign>) is
· fully adorned by the eighteen exclusive attributes (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">āveṇika</foreign>)
· of Buddhas; who is marked [externally] by the thirty-two attributes of a great man; who has
· accumulated, in multiple <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">asaṁkhyeyas</foreign> of kalpas a load of the
290 [twofold] equipment [consisting in] merit and knowledge, in order to rescue all beings sunk in the
· many sufferings of <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">saṁsāra</foreign>, characterized by such pains as those
· caused by birth, old age, and death; who is free from the suffering of birth and death [rooted in]
· desire, aversion, and delusion; who is a perfect Buddha because of his unimpeded and unobstructed
· knowledge of everything that is to be known (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sakalajñeyajñāna</foreign>) — intending to bring about the ground of meritorious action (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">puṇyakriyāvastu</foreign>) – which results from relinquishment (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">tyāga</foreign>) and from the enjoyment (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">paribhoga</foreign>)
295 [of what has been relinquished] and is of a material kind (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">aupadhika</foreign>) — aiming at the endurance (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">anupaccheda</foreign>, lit. the not cutting off) of favorable roots [planted by the provision for] lamps,
· incense, perfumes, flowers, banners, drinks and food, beddings and seats, medicaments for the sick,
· the restoration of what is broken, split, and in disrepair and the like, in the monastery of his chief queen, the prominent <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">mahādevī</foreign>, for the sake of
· extinguishing all the miseries and sufferings of his parents as well
· as all beings,</p><p n="23–28"> [he, Govindavarman], having first given water, handed over the two villages of Embudala and
300 Peṇkapaṟa together with their treasures on and under the
· ground, together with the right to collect punitive tax (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">daṇḍakara</foreign>), corvée (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">viṣṭi</foreign>), and with the share of the produce (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">bhāga</foreign>) and the periodical levies (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">bhoga</foreign>) left [by himself]; [the two villages] should not be entered
· by spies (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">cāra</foreign>), mercenaries, envoys, courtiers (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">vallabha</foreign>),
· or king’s men, and are freed from all taxes, and they should be maintained and augmented by kings
· belonging to the lineage of the Viṣṇukuṇḍin family. This rule has been established. In the event of
305 transgression of this rule, this is equivalent to the five great sins; [similarly], in case of
· discontinuation of the meritorious deed that was set in motion, one will experience the fruit and
· result of evil karma in the [lower] realms of hells, the animals, and the pretas, afflicted by
· numerous and endless sufferings. And on this [issue] are the verses sung by Manu:</p><p n="2" rend="stanza">The giver of land revels in heaven for sixty thousand years; the one who seizes [land] as well as the one who
· approves (of the seizing) will reside as many [years] in hell.</p><p n="3" rend="stanza">He who would seize land given by himself or by someone else becomes a worm in excrement and is cooked together with his ancestors.</p><p n="4" rend="stanza">By numerous [kings], land has been given; and by many it has been protected. Whoever holds land
310 at a given moment, to him does the fruit then belong.</p><p n="5" rend="stanza">May the rule of the Viṣṇukuṇḍins govern the world as long as Meru and sea are on earth, and [as long as] sun and wind are in heaven!</p></div><div type="commentary"><p n="24"><term>udakadāna</term><note>On this expression, pointing here at the preliminary pouring of water to mark the transfer of property, see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Tournier2018_01"/><citedRange>74, n. 56.</citedRange></bibl></note></p>
·
·
·
·
315
·
·
·
·</div>
320 <div type="bibliography">
· <p>First described and edited by Sastri in Bharati 1965
· , pp. 18ff., July, pp. 2ff.., followed by <bibl><ptr target="bib:RamaRao1965_01"/><citedRange>738–41</citedRange></bibl>, <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sankaranarayanan1974_01"/><citedRange>9–14</citedRange></bibl> and <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mirashi1982_03"/><citedRange>135–41</citedRange></bibl>. Re-edited here from published documentation and after autopsy of the plates.</p>
· <listBibl type="primary">
· <bibl/>
325 </listBibl>
· <listBibl type="secondary">
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE"/><citedRange>1968–69: 2, no. A.2</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sankaranarayanan1977_01"/><citedRange>37ff., 153–6 (I)</citedRange></bibl>
·
330
·
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:HanumanthaRao+al1998_01"/><citedRange>197–202</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Tournier2018_01"/></bibl>
· </listBibl>
335 </div>
· </body>
· </text>
·</TEI>
Commentary
(24) udakadāna1