Malhār Plates of Pravararāja, Year 3

Author of digital edition: Natasja Bosma (nabo).

Language: Sanskrit (san) [Source Script (other) (source_other)].

Version: 2024-05-31 13:36 (048a990), last modified 2024-05-31 13:36 (048a990).

Edition

Seal

mānamātrasutasyedaṁ svabhujopārjjita(kṣi)te(ḥ) śrīmatpravararājasya śāsanaṁ (śat)ruśā(sa)na(ṁ)

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩
⟨1v1⟩ @ svasti śrīpurād v¿ī?kramopanatasāma{ṁ}ntamakuṭacūḍāmaṇiprabhā-
⟨1v2⟩ prasekāmbudhautapādayugalo ripuvilāsinīsīma{ṁ}ntoddharaṇahe-
⟨1v3⟩ tu⟨r⟩ ¡va!suv{v}asudhāgopradaḥ paramabhāgavato mātāpitṛpādānu-
⟨1v4⟩ ddhyātaś śrīma◯hāpravararājaḥ śaṅkhacakrābhog¿i?yamitragrāmake pra-
⟨1v5⟩ tivāsina⟨ḥ⟩ samājñāpayati viditam astu vo yathāsmābhir ayaṁ grā-
⟨1v6⟩ maḥ ¡tṛ!daśapatisadanasukhapratiṣṭhākaro yāvad raviśaśitārā-

⟨Page 2r⟩
⟨2r1⟩ kiraṇapratihataghorāndhakāraṁ jagad avatiṣṭhate tāvad upabhogyaḥ
⟨2r2⟩ sanidhis sopanidhir acāṭabhaṭaprāveśy¿ā?ḥ sarvvakaravisarjjitaḥ mā-
⟨2r3⟩ tāpitror āt(m)anaś ca puṇyābhivṛddhaye bhāradvājasagotra¡v!ahv¡ri!cadāmoda-
⟨2r4⟩ ragaṇa◯putraśubhacasvāmine tā¡mbra!śāsanenātis¡rī!ṣṭaḥ
⟨2r5⟩ te yūyam evam upalabhyājñāśravaṇavidhey(ā) bhūtvā yathocitaṁ bhoga-
⟨2r6⟩ bhāgam upanayantas s¿a?⊔kha⟨ṁ⟩ prativatsyatha bhaviṣyataś ca bhū-

⟨Page 2v⟩
⟨2v1⟩ mipālān anudar{ś}śayati dānād viśiṣṭam anupālanajaṁ ¡ṣ!urāṇā
⟨2v2⟩ dharmmeṣu niścitadhiyaḫ pravada¡ṁtti! dharmmaṁ tasmā⟨d⟩ dvijāya ¡ś!uvi¡ṣ!uddhakula-
⟨2v3⟩ śrutāya ◯ dattāṁ bhuvaṁ bhavatu vo matir eva goptu⟨ṁ⟩|| tad bhavadbhir apy e(ṣā)
⟨2v4⟩ dattir anu◯pālayitavyā vyāsagītāṁś ca ślokān udāharanti A-
⟨2v5⟩ gner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇa⟨ṁ⟩ bhūr vvaiṣṇavī sūryyasutāś ca gāvaḥ da(ttā)-

⟨Page 3r⟩
⟨3r1⟩ (s tra)yas tena bhava{ṁ}nti lokā yaḥ kāñcanaṁ gāñ ca mahīñ ca dadyāT ṣaṣṭ¿ī?-
⟨3r2⟩ varṣasa{ṁ}hasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmidaḥ Ācchettā cānumantā ca tā-
⟨3r3⟩ ny eva na◯rake vaseT bahubhir vvasudhā dattā rājabhis sagarādi-
⟨3r4⟩ bhiḥ yasya ◯yasya yadā bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ svadattāṁ pa-
⟨3r5⟩ radattā⟨ṁ⟩ vā yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira mahī⟨ṁ⟩ mah¿i?matāṁ śreṣṭha dānāc chreyo
⟨3r6⟩ ’nupālana¡m! ¡i!ti~ pravarddhamānavijaya¡saṁvva!t{u} 3 pauṣa dina 2 Utkīrṇṇaṁ golasiṅghena

Seal

1. Anuṣṭubh

mānamātrasutasyedaṁ svabhujopārjjita(kṣi)te(ḥ)

śrīmatpravararājasya śāsanaṁ (śat)ruśā(sa)na(ṁ)

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1v1⟩ @ svasti śrīpurād v⟨i⟩kramopanatasāma{ṁ}ntamakuṭacūḍāmaṇiprabhā⟨1v2⟩prasekāmbudhautapādayugalo ripuvilāsinīsīma{ṁ}ntoddharaṇahe⟨1v3⟩tu⟨r⟩ ⟨vva⟩suv{v}asudhāgopradaḥ paramabhāgavato mātāpitṛpādānu⟨1v4⟩ddhyātaś śrīma◯hāpravararājaḥ śaṅkhacakrābhog⟨ī⟩yamitragrāmake pra⟨1v5⟩tivāsina⟨ḥ⟩ samājñāpayati

viditam astu vo yathāsmābhir ayaṁ grā⟨1v6⟩maḥ ⟨tri⟩daśapatisadanasukhapratiṣṭhākaro yāvad raviśaśitārā⟨Page 2r⟩⟨2r1⟩kiraṇapratihataghorāndhakāraṁ jagad avatiṣṭhate tāvad upabhogyaḥ ⟨2r2⟩ sanidhis sopanidhir acāṭabhaṭaprāveśy⟨a⟩ḥ sarvvakaravisarjjitaḥ mā⟨2r3⟩tāpitror āt(m)anaś ca puṇyābhivṛddhaye bhāradvājasagotra⟨b⟩ahv⟨ṛ⟩cadāmoda⟨2r4⟩ragaṇa◯putraśubhacasvāmine tā⟨mra⟩śāsanenātis⟨ṛ⟩ṣṭaḥ

⟨2r5⟩ te yūyam evam upalabhyājñāśravaṇavidhey(ā) bhūtvā yathocitaṁ bhoga⟨2r6⟩bhāgam upanayantas s⟨u⟩⊔kha⟨ṁ⟩ prativatsyatha bhaviṣyataś ca bhū⟨Page 2v⟩⟨2v1⟩mipālān anudar{ś}śayati

1. Vasantatilakā

dānād viśiṣṭam anupālanajaṁ ⟨p⟩urāṇā

⟨2v2⟩ dharmmeṣu niścitadhiyaḫ pravada⟨nti⟩ dharmmaṁ

tasmā⟨d⟩ dvijāya ⟨s⟩uvi⟨ś⟩uddhakula⟨2v3⟩śrutāya

◯ dattāṁ bhuvaṁ bhavatu vo matir eva goptu⟨ṁ⟩||

tad bhavadbhir apy e(ṣā) ⟨2v4⟩ dattir anu◯pālayitavyā vyāsagītāṁś ca ślokān udāharanti

2. Indravajrā

A⟨2v5⟩gner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇa⟨ṁ⟩

bhūr vvaiṣṇavī sūryyasutāś ca gāvaḥ

da(ttā)⟨Page 3r⟩⟨3r1⟩(s tra)yas tena bhava{ṁ}nti lokā

yaḥ kāñcanaṁ gāñ ca mahīñ ca dadyāT

3. Anuṣṭubh

ṣaṣṭ⟨i⟩⟨3r2⟩varṣasa{ṁ}hasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmidaḥ

Ācchettā cānumantā ca tā⟨3r3⟩ny eva na◯rake vaseT

4. Anuṣṭubh

bahubhir vvasudhā dattā rājabhis sagarādi⟨3r4⟩bhiḥ

yasya ◯yasya yadā bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ

5. Anuṣṭubh

svadattāṁ pa⟨3r5⟩radattā⟨ṁ⟩ vā yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira

mahī⟨ṁ⟩ mah⟨ī⟩matāṁ śreṣṭha dānāc chreyo ⟨3r6⟩ ’nupālana⟨M⟩

⟨I⟩ti~

pravarddhamānavijaya⟨saṁva⟩t{u} 3 pauṣa dina 2 Utkīrṇṇaṁ golasiṅghena

Seal

1. Anuṣṭubh

mānamātrasutasyedaṁ svabhujopārjjita(kṣi)te(ḥ)

śrīmatpravararājasya śāsanaṁ (śat)ruśā(sa)na(ṁ)

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1v1⟩ @ svasti śrīpurād v¿ī?⟨i⟩kramopanatasāma{ṁ}ntamakuṭacūḍāmaṇiprabhā⟨1v2⟩prasekāmbudhautapādayugalo ripuvilāsinīsīma{ṁ}ntoddharaṇahe⟨1v3⟩tu⟨r⟩ ¡va!⟨vva⟩suv{v}asudhāgopradaḥ paramabhāgavato mātāpitṛpādānu⟨1v4⟩ddhyātaś śrīma◯hāpravararājaḥ śaṅkhacakrābhog¿i?⟨ī⟩yamitragrāmake pra⟨1v5⟩tivāsina⟨ḥ⟩ samājñāpayati

viditam astu vo yathāsmābhir ayaṁ grā⟨1v6⟩maḥ ¡tṛ!⟨tri⟩daśapatisadanasukhapratiṣṭhākaro yāvad raviśaśitārā⟨Page 2r⟩⟨2r1⟩kiraṇapratihataghorāndhakāraṁ jagad avatiṣṭhate tāvad upabhogyaḥ ⟨2r2⟩ sanidhis sopanidhir acāṭabhaṭaprāveśy¿ā?⟨a⟩ḥ sarvvakaravisarjjitaḥ mā⟨2r3⟩tāpitror āt(m)anaś ca puṇyābhivṛddhaye bhāradvājasagotra¡v!⟨b⟩ahv¡ri!⟨ṛ⟩cadāmoda⟨2r4⟩ragaṇa◯putraśubhacasvāmine tā¡mbra!⟨mra⟩śāsanenātis¡rī!⟨ṛ⟩ṣṭaḥ

⟨2r5⟩ te yūyam evam upalabhyājñāśravaṇavidhey(ā) bhūtvā yathocitaṁ bhoga⟨2r6⟩bhāgam upanayantas s¿a?⟨u⟩⊔kha⟨ṁ⟩ prativatsyatha bhaviṣyataś ca bhū⟨Page 2v⟩⟨2v1⟩mipālān anudar{ś}śayati

1. Vasantatilakā

dānād viśiṣṭam anupālanajaṁ ¡ṣ!⟨p⟩urāṇā

⟨2v2⟩ dharmmeṣu niścitadhiyaḫ pravada¡ṁtti!⟨nti⟩ dharmmaṁ

tasmā⟨d⟩ dvijāya ¡ś!⟨s⟩uvi¡ṣ!⟨ś⟩uddhakula⟨2v3⟩śrutāya

◯ dattāṁ bhuvaṁ bhavatu vo matir eva goptu⟨ṁ⟩||

tad bhavadbhir apy e(ṣā) ⟨2v4⟩ dattir anu◯pālayitavyā vyāsagītāṁś ca ślokān udāharanti

2. Indravajrā

A⟨2v5⟩gner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇa⟨ṁ⟩

bhūr vvaiṣṇavī sūryyasutāś ca gāvaḥ

da(ttā)⟨Page 3r⟩⟨3r1⟩(s tra)yas tena bhava{ṁ}nti lokā

yaḥ kāñcanaṁ gāñ ca mahīñ ca dadyāT

3. Anuṣṭubh

ṣaṣṭ¿ī?⟨i⟩⟨3r2⟩varṣasa{ṁ}hasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmidaḥ

Ācchettā cānumantā ca tā⟨3r3⟩ny eva na◯rake vaseT

4. Anuṣṭubh

bahubhir vvasudhā dattā rājabhis sagarādi⟨3r4⟩bhiḥ

yasya ◯yasya yadā bhūmi⟨s⟩ tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ

5. Anuṣṭubh

svadattāṁ pa⟨3r5⟩radattā⟨ṁ⟩ vā yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira

mahī⟨ṁ⟩ mah¿i?⟨ī⟩matāṁ śreṣṭha dānāc chreyo ⟨3r6⟩ ’nupālana¡m!⟨M⟩

¡i!⟨I⟩ti~

pravarddhamānavijaya¡saṁvva!⟨saṁva⟩t{u} 3 pauṣa dina 2 Utkīrṇṇaṁ golasiṅghena

Apparatus

Plates

⟨2r2⟩ °prāveśy¿ā?⟨a⟩ḥ ⬦ °prāveśy¿ā?⟨a⟩ḥ GB; °prāveśyaḥ AMS. — ⟨2r2⟩ °kara° ⬦ °k¿ā?⟨a⟩ra° GB; °kara° AMS.

⟨2r3⟩ °¡v!⟨b⟩ahv¡ri!⟨ṛ⟩ca° ⬦ °¡v!⟨b⟩ahv¡ri!⟨ṛ⟩ca° GB; °¡v!⟨b⟩ahvṛca° AMS.

⟨2r4⟩ °ātis¡rī!⟨ṛ⟩ṣṭaḥ ⬦ °ātis¡ri!⟨ṛ⟩ṣṭaḥ GB; °ātis¡trī!⟨ṛ⟩ṣṭaḥ AMS.

⟨2r5⟩ yathocitaṁ ⬦ yathocita° GB; yathocita⟨ṁ⟩ AMS. — ⟨2r5⟩ bhoga° ⬦ bhāga° GB; bhoga° AMS.

⟨2r6⟩ °bhāgam ⬦ °bhogam GB; °bhāgam AMS.

⟨2v1⟩ anudar{ś}śayati ⬦ anudarśayati GB; anudar{ś}śayati AMS.

⟨2v2⟩ dharmmaṁ ⬦ dharmma⟨ṁ⟩ GB; dharmmaṁ AMS.

⟨2v4⟩ udāharanti ⬦ udāharanti GB; udāhara{ṁ}nti AMS.

⟨2v5⟩ gāvaḥ ⬦ gāvaḥ GB; gāva⟨ḥ⟩ AMS.

⟨3r5⟩ mah¿i?⟨ī⟩matāṁ ⬦ mah(ī)matāṁ GB; mahihimatāṁ AMS.

Translation

Seal

The enemy-chastising charter belongs to the illustrious Pravararāja, who was the son of Prasanna and who acquired his kingdom by his own arms.

Plates

⟨1v1–1v5⟩ Success! Hail! From Śrīpura, the illustrious great Pravararāja whose feet are washed by the sprinkling water that is the brilliance of the crest-jewels on the crests of his feudatories who have been brought into submission by his prowess, who made the women of his enemies tear out their parted hair, who is a giver of riches, land, and cattle, who is entirely devoted to Viṣṇu, and favoured by his father and mother, issues [the following command] to the residents of [the village of] Mitragrāmaka situated in the Śaṅkhacakrā bhoga:

⟨1v5–2r4⟩ Let it be known to you that by means of [this] copperplate charter, this village has been granted by us for the increase of religious merit of father, mother, and ourselves, to Śubhacandrasvāmin, son of Dāmodaragaṇa, belonging to the Bhāradvāja gotra and to the Bahvṛca [school]. [The grant of the village], which leads to happiness and fame in the abode of the lord of the gods (i.e., Indra’s heaven), is to be enjoyed as long as the world will endure, [the world] of which the darkness of the night is removed by the rays of the sun, moon and stars; [comes along with the right to] hidden treasures and deposits; is not to be entered by irregular or regular troops; and is exempt from all taxes.

⟨2r5–2v1⟩ Having taken note of that, you should be obedient to the command received from him (i.e., the donee) and render the [proper shares of] periodical offerings and produce, while living happily [in this village]. And [the king] instructs the future rulers:

2v1–2v3.

The ancients, reflecting on virtue, proclaim that the religious merit arising from the protection [of a grant] is more excellent than [that which arises] from the giving [itself]; therefore, your intent should indeed be to protect the earth that has been granted to a Brahmin of perfectly pure family and religious learning.

⟨2v3–2v4⟩ This gift is to be protected by you as well! And they quote the [following] stanzas sung by Vyāsa:

2v4–3r1.

Gold is the first child of Agni, land is born of Viṣṇu, and cows are the offspring of Sūrya: [Therefore], whoever would give gold, a cow, and land would give the three worlds.

3r1–3r3.

A giver of land rejoices in heaven for sixty thousand years; he who confiscates it or allows [another to confiscate it] will dwell for the same period in hell!

3r3–3r4.

The earth has been granted by many kings, beginning with Sagara; whoever possesses the land at any time, to him belong the fruits at that time!

3r4–3r6.

O Yudhiṣṭhira, zealously protect the land which was given by yourself or by others! O best of kings, protection is superior to giving!

⟨3r6⟩ [The copperplate charter] has been engraved by Golasiṅgha [on] the day 2 [of] the month of Pauṣa [in] the increasingly victorious year 3 [of Pravararāja’s reign].

Bibliography

First edited by Bhattacharya [1963] 1961–1962 from the original plates; published again by Shastri 1995, pp. 56–58; re-edited here by Natasja Bosma from the original plates.

Primary

[GB] Bhattacharya, Gourishwar. [1963] 1961–1962. “Mallar plates of Pravara II, year 3.” EI 34, pp. 51–52.

[AMS] Shastri, Ajay Mitra. 1995. Inscriptions of the Śarabhapurīyas, Pāṇḍuvaṁśins and Somavaṁśins, Part II: Inscriptions. New Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Motilal Bandarsidass. Pages 56–58.

Secondary

Bosma, Natasja. 2018. Dakṣiṇa Kosala: A rich centre of early Śaivism. Groningen: Barkhuis. [URL]. Pages 51, 238.

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<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<p><pb n="1v"/><lb n="1v1"/><g type="spiralR"/> svasti śrīpurād v<choice><sic>ī</sic><corr>i</corr></choice>kramopanatasāma<surplus>ṁ</surplus>ntamakuṭacūḍāmaṇiprabhā<lb n="1v2" break="no"/>prasekāmbudhautapādayugalo ripuvilāsinīsīma<surplus>ṁ</surplus>ntoddharaṇahe<lb n="1v3" break="no"/>tu<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied> <choice><orig>va</orig><reg>vva</reg></choice>suv<surplus>v</surplus>asudhāgopradaḥ paramabhāgavato mātāpitṛpādānu<lb n="1v4" break="no"/>ddhyātaś śrīma<space type="binding-hole"/>hāpravararājaḥ śaṅkhacakrābhog<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>yamitragrāmake pra<lb n="1v5" break="no"/>tivāsina<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> samājñāpayati</p> <p>viditam astu vo yathāsmābhir ayaṁ grā<lb n="1v6" break="no"/>maḥ <choice><orig>tṛ</orig><reg>tri</reg></choice>daśapatisadanasukhapratiṣṭhākaro yāvad raviśaśitārā<pb n="2r" break="no"/><lb n="2r1" break="no"/>kiraṇapratihataghorāndhakāraṁ jagad avatiṣṭhate tāvad upabhogyaḥ <lb n="2r2"/>sanidhis sopanidhir acāṭabhaṭaprāveśy<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>ḥ sarvvakaravisarjjitaḥ mā<lb n="2r3" break="no"/>tāpitror āt<unclear>m</unclear>anaś ca puṇyābhivṛddhaye bhāradvājasagotra<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>ahv<choice><orig>ri</orig><reg>ṛ</reg></choice>cadāmoda<lb n="2r4" break="no"/>ragaṇa<space type="binding-hole"/>putraśubhacasvāmine tā<choice><orig>mbra</orig><reg>mra</reg></choice>śāsanenātis<choice><orig>rī</orig><reg>ṛ</reg></choice>ṣṭaḥ</p> <p><lb n="2r5"/>te yūyam evam upalabhyājñāśravaṇavidhey<unclear>ā</unclear> bhūtvā yathocitaṁ bhoga<lb n="2r6" break="no"/>bhāgam upanayantas s<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>u</corr></choice><space type="descender"/>kha<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> prativatsyatha bhaviṣyataś ca bhū<pb n="2v" break="no"/><lb n="2v1" break="no"/>mipālān anudar<surplus>ś</surplus>śayati</p>

<l n="a">dānād viśiṣṭam anupālanajaṁ <choice><orig>ṣ</orig><reg>p</reg></choice>urāṇā</l>

<l n="b"><lb n="2v2"/>dharmmeṣu niścitadhiyaḫ pravada<choice><orig>ṁtti</orig><reg>nti</reg></choice> dharmmaṁ</l>

<l n="c">tasmā<supplied reason="omitted">d</supplied> dvijāya <choice><orig>ś</orig><reg>s</reg></choice>uvi<choice><orig>ṣ</orig><reg>ś</reg></choice>uddhakula<lb n="2v3" break="no"/>śrutāya</l>

<l n="d"><space type="binding-hole"/> dattāṁ bhuvaṁ bhavatu vo matir eva goptu<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied><g type="ddandaOrnate"/></l></lg>

<p>tad bhavadbhir apy e<unclear>ṣā</unclear> <lb n="2v4"/>dattir anu<space type="binding-hole"/>pālayitavyā vyāsagītāṁś ca ślokān udāharanti</p>

<l n="a">A<lb n="2v5" break="no"/>gner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇa<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied></l>

<l n="b">bhūr vvaiṣṇavī sūryyasutāś ca gāvaḥ</l>

<l n="c">da<unclear>ttā</unclear><pb n="3r" break="no"/><lb n="3r1" break="no"/><unclear>s tra</unclear>yas tena bhava<surplus>ṁ</surplus>nti lokā</l>

<l n="d">yaḥ kāñcanaṁ gāñ ca mahīñ ca dadyāT</l></lg>

<l n="ab">ṣaṣṭ<choice><sic>ī</sic><corr>i</corr></choice><lb n="3r2" break="no"/>varṣasa<surplus>ṁ</surplus>hasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmidaḥ</l>

<l n="cd">Ācchettā cānumantā ca tā<lb n="3r3" break="no"/>ny eva na<space type="binding-hole"/>rake vaseT</l></lg>

<l n="ab">bahubhir vvasudhā dattā rājabhis sagarādi<lb n="3r4" break="no"/>bhiḥ</l>

<l n="cd">yasya <space type="binding-hole"/>yasya yadā bhūmi<supplied reason="omitted">s</supplied> tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ</l></lg>

<l n="ab">svadattāṁ pa<lb n="3r5" break="no"/>radattā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> vā yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira</l>

<l n="cd">mahī<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> mah<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>matāṁ śreṣṭha dānāc chreyo <lb n="3r6"/>'nupālana<choice><orig>m</orig><reg>M</reg></choice></l></lg>

<p>pravarddhamānavijaya<choice><orig>saṁvva</orig><reg>saṁva</reg></choice>t<surplus>u</surplus> <num value="3">3</num> pauṣa dina <num value="2">2</num> Utkīrṇṇaṁ golasiṅghena</p>

</div></div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<lem>°prāveśy<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>ḥ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Bhattacharya1961-1962_01">°prāveśy<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>ḥ</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">°prāveśyaḥ</rdg>

</app>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">°<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>ahvṛca°</rdg>

</app>

</app>

<lem>yathocitaṁ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Bhattacharya1961-1962_01">yathocita°</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">yathocita<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied></rdg>

</app>

<lem>bhoga°</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Bhattacharya1961-1962_01">bhāga°</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">bhoga°</rdg>

</app>

<lem>°bhāgam</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Bhattacharya1961-1962_01">°bhogam</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">°bhāgam</rdg>

</app>

<lem>anudar<surplus>ś</surplus>śayati</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Bhattacharya1961-1962_01">anudarśayati</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">anudar<surplus>ś</surplus>śayati</rdg>

</app>

<lem>dharmmaṁ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Bhattacharya1961-1962_01">dharmma<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied></rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">dharmmaṁ</rdg>

</app>

<lem>udāharanti</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Bhattacharya1961-1962_01">udāharanti</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">udāhara<surplus>ṁ</surplus>nti</rdg>

</app>

<lem>gāvaḥ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Bhattacharya1961-1962_01">gāvaḥ</rdg>

</app>

<lem>mah<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>matāṁ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Bhattacharya1961-1962_01">mah<unclear>ī</unclear>matāṁ</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">mahihimatāṁ</rdg>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

<p>The enemy-chastising charter belongs to the illustrious Pravararāja, who was the son of Prasanna and who acquired his kingdom by his own arms.</p></div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<p n="1v1-1v5">Success! Hail! From Śrīpura, the illustrious great Pravararāja whose feet are washed by the sprinkling water that is the brilliance of the crest-jewels on the crests of his feudatories who have been brought into submission by his prowess, who made the women of his enemies tear out their parted hair, who is a giver of riches, land, and cattle, who is entirely devoted to Viṣṇu, and favoured by his father and mother, issues <supplied reason="subaudible">the following command</supplied> to the residents of <supplied reason="subaudible">the village of</supplied> Mitragrāmaka situated in the Śaṅkhacakrā <foreign>bhoga</foreign>:</p>

<p n="1v5-2r4">Let it be known to you that by means of <supplied reason="subaudible">this</supplied> copperplate charter, this village has been granted by us for the increase of religious merit of father, mother, and ourselves, to Śubhacandrasvāmin, son of Dāmodaragaṇa, belonging to the Bhāradvāja <foreign>gotra</foreign> and to the Bahvṛca <supplied reason="subaudible">school</supplied>. <supplied reason="subaudible">The grant of the village</supplied>, which leads to happiness and fame in the abode of the lord of the gods <supplied reason="explanation">i.e., Indra’s heaven</supplied>, is to be enjoyed as long as the world will endure, <supplied reason="subaudible">the world</supplied> of which the darkness of the night is removed by the rays of the sun, moon and stars; <supplied reason="subaudible">comes along with the right to</supplied> hidden treasures and deposits; is not to be entered by irregular or regular troops; and is exempt from all taxes.</p>

<p n="2r5-2v1">Having taken note of that, you should be obedient to the command received from him <supplied reason="explanation">i.e., the donee</supplied> and render the <supplied reason="subaudible">proper shares of</supplied> periodical offerings and produce, while living happily <supplied reason="subaudible">in this village</supplied>. And <supplied reason="subaudible">the king</supplied> instructs the future rulers:</p>

<p n="2v1-2v3" rend="stanza">The ancients, reflecting on virtue, proclaim that the religious merit arising from the protection <supplied reason="subaudible">of a grant</supplied> is more excellent than <supplied reason="subaudible">that which arises</supplied> from the giving <supplied reason="subaudible">itself</supplied>; therefore, your intent should indeed be to protect the earth that has been granted to a Brahmin of perfectly pure family and religious learning.</p>

<p n="2v3-2v4">This gift is to be protected by you as well! And they quote the <supplied reason="subaudible">following</supplied> stanzas sung by Vyāsa:</p>

<p n="2v4-3r1" rend="stanza">Gold is the first child of Agni, land is born of Viṣṇu, and cows are the offspring of Sūrya: <supplied reason="subaudible">Therefore</supplied>, whoever would give gold, a cow, and land would give the three worlds.</p>

<p n="3r1-3r3" rend="stanza">A giver of land rejoices in heaven for sixty thousand years; he who confiscates it or allows <supplied reason="subaudible">another to confiscate it</supplied> will dwell for the same period in hell!</p>

<p n="3r3-3r4" rend="stanza">The earth has been granted by many kings, beginning with Sagara; whoever possesses the land at any time, to him belong the fruits at that time!</p>

<p n="3r4-3r6" rend="stanza">O Yudhiṣṭhira, zealously protect the land which was given by yourself or by others! O best of kings, protection is superior to giving!</p>

<p n="3r6"><supplied reason="subaudible">The copperplate charter</supplied> has been engraved by Golasiṅgha <supplied reason="subaudible">on</supplied> the day 2 <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> the month of Pauṣa <supplied reason="subaudible">in</supplied> the increasingly victorious year 3 <supplied reason="subaudible">of Pravararāja's reign</supplied>.</p></div></div>

</div>

<p>First edited by Bhattacharya <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Bhattacharya1961-1962_01"/></bibl> from the original plates; published again by Shastri <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Shastri1995_02"/><citedRange>56-58</citedRange></bibl>; re-edited here by Natasja Bosma from the original plates.</p>

</bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>