Vṛddhācalam / Viruttācalam, Vr̥ddhagirīśvara temple, time of Parakesarivarman, year 12

Authors of digital edition: Nicolas Cane (nica), Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: Sur la bāhyabhitti de la face sud de l’ardhamaṇḍapa. Uttama Cōḻa, 982-83 CE.

Palaeographic description: No distinction between e and ē, nor between o and ō.

Language: Tamil (tam) [Grantha (grantha), Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: Cempiyaṉ Mahādevī (tfa-cempiyan-mahadevi-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSCempiyanMahadevi00008.

File path: DHARMA_INSCempiyanMahadevi00008.xml.

Version: 2026-05-06 08:33 (e0fffc6), last modified 2026-05-06 08:33 (e0fffc6).

Edition

⟨1⟩ ☼ svasti śrī kō-p-para-kesari-panma⟨ṟ⟩ku yāṇṭu 10 2-Āvatu śrī-parān=taka-devar-āṉa pe-
⟨2⟩ riya cōḻaṉar makaṉār śrī-kaṇṭar-āditta-devar deviyār maḻa-perumāṉaṭikaḷ makaḷār
⟨3⟩ śrī-Uttama-cōḻar taṅkaḷ ācci cempiyaṉ mahā-deviyārāl Eṭuppikka-p-pa-
⟨4⟩ {pa}ṭṭatu I-śrī-kōyilum snapana-maṇḍapamum gopuramum cuṟṟālaiyum parivāra-k kōyilkaḷu-
⟨5⟩ m Eṭuppikka-p-paṭṭaṉa It-tēvarkku Uṭaiya-pirāṭṭiyār kuṭukka-p-paṭṭa ceppu-viḷakku Aiñcu poṟ-paṭṭam oṉṟu
⟨6⟩ kuṭiñai-k-kallāl niṟai mañcāṭi kuṟaiya 5 kaḻañcu veḷḷi-t-taḷikai Oṉṟu munnūṟṟ’ eṇpatt’ oṉpatiṉ kaḻañ-
⟨7⟩ cu veḷḷi-k-keṇṭi nūṟṟu toṇṇūṟṟ’ eṇpatiṉ kaḻañcē mu-k-kāl poṟpū Iraṇṭu niṟai kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañc’ arai
⟨8⟩ kūtta-p-perumāḷ poṟ-paṭṭam kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañcu Umā-bhaṭṭāraki poṟṟāli kāl Iṭaikkaṭṭu m¡u!nṟun tāḷimpa(m) Iraṇṭu Iṭṭa muṭṭin pañ-
⟨9⟩ ca-cari Oṉṟu poṉṉiṉ palakai veḷḷiyiṉ iṭai-k kaṭṭu Iṭṭa muttiṉ pañca-cari Oṉṟu kūtta-p-perumāḷ poṟpū Oṉṟu kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañ-
⟨10⟩ cē nālu māñcāṭi Umā-bhaṭṭāraki y-i(tu) palakai Oru-p-pūṟa veḷḷiyiṭai-k kaṭṭu Iṭṭa pañca-cari Oṉṟu Umā-bhaṭṭāraki y-itu muttiṉkaḷ-āka veḷḷiyiṉ iṭai-k kaṭṭu Iṭṭa
⟨11⟩ vaṭa m¡u!nṟu muṭṭin kaḷā(ka)varam poṉṉiṉ caṉtāpa(ṉa)-k kaṭaiyun naṭuvu Iṭṭa paṭamu […] paṉṉ-iraṇṭu bhaṭṭārakiyiṉ muttiṉ kutampai y-iraṇṭu
⟨12⟩ muttiṉ vaṭam iraṇṭu tāḷimpam iṭṭaṉa bhaṭṭārakiya tiru-k-kaiyil cāttu vaṭam iraṇṭu kūtta-p-perumāḷ tiru-kaiyil cāttu vaṭa m¡u!ṉṟu kūtta-p-perumāḷ muttiṉ kuta-
⟨13⟩ mpai y-iraṇṭu kūtta-p-perumāḷ muttiṉvāḷi Oṉṟu periya tēvar poṟ-paṭṭam kuṭiñai-k-kallāl patiṉ kaḻañcu

⟨1⟩ ☼ svasti śrī

kō-p-para-kesari-panma⟨ṟ⟩ku yāṇṭu 10 2-Āvatu

śrī-parān=taka-devar-āṉa pe⟨2⟩riya cōḻaṉar makaṉār śrī-kaṇṭar-āditta-devar deviyār maḻa-perumāṉaṭikaḷ makaḷār ⟨3⟩ śrī-Uttama-cōḻar taṅkaḷ ācci cempiyaṉ mahā-deviyārāl Eṭuppikka-p-pa⟨4⟩{pa}ṭṭatu I-śrī-kōyilum snapana-maṇḍapamum gopuramum cuṟṟālaiyum parivāra-k kōyilkaḷu⟨5⟩m Eṭuppikka-p-paṭṭaṉa

It-tēvarkku Uṭaiya-pirāṭṭiyār kuṭukka-p-paṭṭa ceppu-viḷakku Aiñcu poṟ-paṭṭam oṉṟu ⟨6⟩ kuṭiñai-k-kallāl niṟai mañcāṭi kuṟaiya 5 kaḻañcu veḷḷi-t-taḷikai Oṉṟu munnūṟṟ’ eṇpatt’ oṉpatiṉ kaḻañ⟨7⟩cu veḷḷi-k-keṇṭi nūṟṟu toṇṇūṟṟ’ eṇpatiṉ kaḻañcē mu-k-kāl poṟpū Iraṇṭu niṟai kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañc’ arai ⟨8⟩ kūtta-p-perumāḷ poṟ-paṭṭam kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañcu Umā-bhaṭṭāraki poṟṟāli kāl Iṭaikkaṭṭu m⟨ū⟩nṟun tāḷimpa(m) Iraṇṭu Iṭṭa muṭṭin pañ⟨9⟩ca-cari Oṉṟu poṉṉiṉ palakai veḷḷiyiṉ iṭai-k kaṭṭu Iṭṭa muttiṉ pañca-cari Oṉṟu kūtta-p-perumāḷ poṟpū Oṉṟu kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañ⟨10⟩cē nālu māñcāṭi Umā-bhaṭṭāraki y-i(tu) palakai Oru-p-pūṟa veḷḷiyiṭai-k kaṭṭu Iṭṭa pañca-cari Oṉṟu Umā-bhaṭṭāraki y-itu muttiṉkaḷ-āka veḷḷiyiṉ iṭai-k kaṭṭu Iṭṭa ⟨11⟩ vaṭa m⟨ū⟩nṟu muṭṭin kaḷā(ka)varam poṉṉiṉ caṉtāpa(ṉa)-k kaṭaiyun naṭuvu Iṭṭa paṭamu […] paṉṉ-iraṇṭu bhaṭṭārakiyiṉ muttiṉ kutampai y-iraṇṭu ⟨12⟩ muttiṉ vaṭam iraṇṭu tāḷimpam iṭṭaṉa bhaṭṭārakiya tiru-k-kaiyil cāttu vaṭam iraṇṭu kūtta-p-perumāḷ tiru-kaiyil cāttu vaṭa m⟨ū⟩ṉṟu kūtta-p-perumāḷ muttiṉ kuta⟨13⟩mpai y-iraṇṭu kūtta-p-perumāḷ muttiṉvāḷi Oṉṟu periya tēvar poṟ-paṭṭam kuṭiñai-k-kallāl patiṉ kaḻañcu

⟨1⟩ ☼ svasti śrī

kō-p-para-kesari-panma⟨ṟ⟩ku yāṇṭu 10 2-Āvatu

It-tēvarkku Uṭaiya-pirāṭṭiyār kuṭukka-p-paṭṭa ceppu-viḷakku Aiñcu poṟ-paṭṭam oṉṟu ⟨6⟩ kuṭiñai-k-kallāl niṟai mañcāṭi kuṟaiya 5 kaḻañcu veḷḷi-t-taḷikai Oṉṟu munnūṟṟ’ eṇpatt’ oṉpatiṉ kaḻañ⟨7⟩cu veḷḷi-k-keṇṭi nūṟṟu toṇṇūṟṟ’ eṇpatiṉ kaḻañcē mu-k-kāl poṟpū Iraṇṭu niṟai kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañc’ arai ⟨8⟩ kūtta-p-perumāḷ poṟ-paṭṭam kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañcu Umā-bhaṭṭāraki poṟṟāli kāl Iṭaikkaṭṭu m¡u!⟨ū⟩nṟun tāḷimpa(m) Iraṇṭu Iṭṭa muṭṭin pañ⟨9⟩ca-cari Oṉṟu poṉṉiṉ palakai veḷḷiyiṉ iṭai-k kaṭṭu Iṭṭa muttiṉ pañca-cari Oṉṟu kūtta-p-perumāḷ poṟpū Oṉṟu kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañ⟨10⟩cē nālu māñcāṭi Umā-bhaṭṭāraki y-i(tu) palakai Oru-p-pūṟa veḷḷiyiṭai-k kaṭṭu Iṭṭa pañca-cari Oṉṟu Umā-bhaṭṭāraki y-itu muttiṉkaḷ-āka veḷḷiyiṉ iṭai-k kaṭṭu Iṭṭa ⟨11⟩ vaṭa m¡u!⟨ū⟩nṟu muṭṭin kaḷā(ka)varam poṉṉiṉ caṉtāpa(ṉa)-k kaṭaiyun naṭuvu Iṭṭa paṭamu […] paṉṉ-iraṇṭu bhaṭṭārakiyiṉ muttiṉ kutampai y-iraṇṭu ⟨12⟩ muttiṉ vaṭam iraṇṭu tāḷimpam iṭṭaṉa bhaṭṭārakiya tiru-k-kaiyil cāttu vaṭam iraṇṭu kūtta-p-perumāḷ tiru-kaiyil cāttu vaṭa m¡u!⟨ū⟩ṉṟu kūtta-p-perumāḷ muttiṉ kuta⟨13⟩mpai y-iraṇṭu kūtta-p-perumāḷ muttiṉvāḷi Oṉṟu periya tēvar poṟ-paṭṭam kuṭiñai-k-kallāl patiṉ kaḻañcu

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ ☼ • Un symbole en forme de soleil de la taille d’un akṣara est placé à l’ouverture de l’épigraphe. L’a-t-on tracé en référence à la lignée solaire à laquelle appartient la reine mère Cempiyaṉ- Mahādevī ? Autant que l’on puisse en juger par nos lectures in situ et sur estampage, ce soleil n’est associé à aucun symbole de lune. Il semble, par conséquent, ne pas avoir vocation à exprimer graphiquement l’usuelle formule candrādityaval (« aussi longtemps que [brilleront] la lune et le soleil »), comme c’est ordinairement le cas pour les inscriptions sur stèles (vīrakkal et autres naṭukkal). — ⟨1⟩ kōppara° ⬦ kopara° SII S.

⟨2⟩ śrī-kaṇṭar° ⬦ kaṇṭar° SII S.

⟨3⟩ Eṭuppikkappa⟨4⟩{pa}ṭṭatu ⬦ Eṭuppikkap⟨4⟩paṭṭatu SII S.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1917–18 (ARIE/1917-1918/C/1918/47).

Edited in Srinivasa Rao et al. 1967 (SII 19.302); in Swaminathan 2012 (SII 32.2.114); in Cane 2017 (no. 8), based on autopsy (2011-09); in Swaminathan 2024 (SII 44.47).

Commented and translated into French in Cane 2017, p. 496.

This digital edition after Cane 2017, curated by Emmanuel Francis.

Primary

[SII] Srinivasa Rao, G.V., Dines Chandra Sircar and G.S. Gai. 1967. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume XIX: Inscriptions of Parakesarivarman. South Indian Inscriptions 19. Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Manager of Publications). Item 302, page TBC.

[S] Swaminathan, S. 2012. South Indian inscriptions. Volume XXXII: inscriptions of the early Chola kings upto Uttama Chola. South Indian Inscriptions 32. New Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Director General). Part II, page TBC, item 114.

[C] Cane, Nicolas. 2017. “Cempiyaṉ-Mahādevī, reine et dévote : un « personnage épigraphique » du Xe siècle.” These de doctorat, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE). No place. [URL]. Pages 798–799, item 8, figure TBC.

[SII] Swaminathan, S. 2024. South Indian inscriptions. Volume XLIV: Inscriptions collected during the year 1917-18. South Indian Inscriptions 44. New Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Director General). Item 47, pages 62–64.

Secondary

ARIE 1917–18. G.O. No. 1172, 6th September 1918. Epigraphy. Recording, with remarks, the progress report of the Assistant Archaeological Superintendent for epigraphy, Southern Circle, for the year 1917-1918. Edited by H. Krishna Sastri. No place, 1918. Page 93, appendixes C/1917-1918, item 47.

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Sur la <foreign>bāhyabhitti</foreign> de la face sud de l'<foreign>ardhamaṇḍapa</foreign>.

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kō-p-para-<hi rend="grantha">kesari-panma</hi><supplied reason="omitted">ṟ</supplied>ku yāṇṭu <num value="12"><g type="numeral">10</g> 2</num>-Āvatu

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<hi rend="grantha">śrī-pa</hi>rān=taka-<hi rend="grantha">de</hi>var-āṉa pe

<lb n="2" break="no"/>riya cōḻaṉar makaṉār <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-kaṇṭar-ā<hi rend="grantha">di</hi>tta-<hi rend="grantha">de</hi>var <hi rend="grantha">de</hi>viyār maḻa-perumāṉaṭikaḷ makaḷār

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<lb n="4" break="no"/><surplus>pa</surplus>ṭṭatu I-<hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-kōyilum <hi rend="grantha">snapa</hi>na-<hi rend="grantha">maṇḍapa</hi>mum <hi rend="grantha">gopura</hi>mum cuṟṟālaiyum <hi rend="grantha">pa</hi>rivāra-k kōyilkaḷu

<lb n="5" break="no"/>m Eṭuppikka-p-paṭṭaṉa

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It-tēvarkku Uṭaiya-pirāṭṭiyār kuṭukka-p-paṭṭa

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<lb n="6"/>kuṭiñai-k-kallāl niṟai mañcāṭi kuṟaiya 5 kaḻañcu veḷḷi-t-taḷikai Oṉṟu munnūṟṟ' eṇpatt' oṉpatiṉ kaḻañ

<lb n="7" break="no"/>cu veḷḷi-k-keṇṭi nūṟṟu toṇṇūṟṟ' eṇpatiṉ kaḻañcē mu-k-kāl poṟpū Iraṇṭu niṟai kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañc' arai

<lb n="8"/>kūtta-p-perumāḷ poṟ-paṭṭam kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañcu U<hi rend="grantha">mā-bha</hi>ṭṭāraki poṟṟāli kāl Iṭaikkaṭṭu m<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice>nṟun tāḷimpa<unclear>m</unclear> Iraṇṭu Iṭṭa muṭṭin pañ

<lb n="9" break="no"/>ca-cari Oṉṟu poṉṉiṉ palakai veḷḷiyiṉ iṭai-k kaṭṭu Iṭṭa muttiṉ pañca-cari Oṉṟu kūtta-p-perumāḷ poṟpū Oṉṟu kuṭiñai-k-kallāl kaḻañ

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<note xml:lang="fra">Un symbole en forme de soleil de la taille d'un <foreign>akṣara</foreign> est placé à l'ouverture de l'épigraphe.

L'a-t-on tracé en référence à la lignée solaire à laquelle appartient la reine mère Cempiyaṉ-

Mahādevī ? Autant que l'on puisse en juger par nos lectures <hi rend="italic">in situ</hi> et sur estampage, ce soleil

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lune et le soleil »), comme c'est ordinairement le cas pour les inscriptions sur stèles (<foreign>vīrakkal</foreign> et

autres <foreign>naṭukkal</foreign>).</note>

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<lem>kōppara°</lem>

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<lem><hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-kaṇṭar°</lem>

<rdg source="bib:SrinivasaRao1967_01 bib:Swaminathan2012_01">kaṇṭar°</rdg>

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<lem>Eṭuppikkappa<lb n="4" break="no"/><surplus>pa</surplus>ṭṭatu</lem>

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Prosperity! Fortune!

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...

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<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1917-1918"/></bibl> (ARIE/1917-1918/C/1918/47).</p>

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Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:SrinivasaRao1967_01"/></bibl> (SII 19.302); in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Swaminathan2012_01"/></bibl> (SII 32.2.114); in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Cane2017_01"/></bibl> (no. 8), based on autopsy (2011-09); in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Swaminathan2024_01"/></bibl> (SII 44.47).</p>

<p>Commented and translated into French in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Cane2017_01"/><citedRange unit="page">496</citedRange></bibl>.</p>

<p>This digital edition after <bibl><ptr target="bib:Cane2017_01"/></bibl>, curated by Emmanuel Francis.</p>

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