Niêm Phò stela (C. 252), between 898 and 916 CE
Editors: Salomé Pichon, Arlo Griffiths.
Identifier: DHARMA_INSCIC00252.
Hand description:
Languages: Old Cham, Sanskrit.
Repository: Campa (tfc-campa-epigraphy).
Version: (34ab692), last modified (34ab692).
Edition
⟨Face A⟩ ⟨A1⟩ svasti [||]
I. Vaṁśastha
[na](mo) ⟨’⟩(s)tu [b]u[d]dh[āya] [v]i(ś)u(d)dha-bu(d)dhaye
a(na)mo ⟨’⟩stu (dha)rmmāya sukhopa(k)āri¿(n)?⟨ṇ⟩e
bnamo ⟨’⟩(s)tu (sa)ṅghā⟨A2⟩(ya) (par?)i(ś)ra(mā?)yi(n)e
c[.]i[.]ta [1×]tri[2×](k)u [1×]rtta(n)e |
d[1×] [.]i[.]ū(ya) mr̥topamā(na-j)ī(van-)mr̥(ta-ko)ma⟨A3⟩la Ā(h/v)itā na(mo) [1×] (paṭal)i(s)ma(y?)ī (g)uṇaṁ samastān nr̥patiś śrī-jayasiṅhavarmmade(vaḥ)||
II. Upendravajrā
[1×]⟨A4⟩sse(v)a-(sap)tasya hitajña-(Ājñā)-
a-sarvvādhikārākhya Udagra-buddhiḥ
bsad-dharmma-siddhānta-tathaika⟨A5⟩tāno
cvi(bhājat)e ⟨’⟩nūna-naye raye(na)||
d[2×] (s)ukr̥ta-kr̥nate(ra)ṁ (p)ra[.]ete [1×] (s)ajjanasaṁ [.]astu(n/t)e nijaṁ ma⟨A6⟩dana(bh)ū(t)armā campāpure nr̥pa-sadmataḥ [1×] [.]i (yata)rayeya pratiṣṭhitam paramīśvaraṁ ku⟨A7⟩sahitakaraś śrī-ratne tv a(n)ādikam uttamam·||
III. Anuṣṭubh
[3×]tuṁ [.]u[.]e[1×](raugrāme)
a⟨’⟩smin pra(d)ū(ṣaṇā)⟨A8⟩t pure
bsva-pitr̥-(ja)nanī-bhūmau
ckīrttaye (ca tadānata)m·
dIV. Anuṣṭubh
ri(p/b)ū(ta)na(talava)ṁ yo
ahr̥pay[ā]⟨A9⟩t pr̥thu-lakṣaṇair
bu(pā)dita-śarīraṁ sad--
cdharmma-kāraṇam udbhavam· ||
dV. Anuṣṭubh
(Eṣa k)īrttimatas [ta]⟨A10⟩sya
avihāro (rakta)-dī(pava)t·
bAbhāsīd bhuvi cātra śrī-
c-ratnalokeśvarāhvayaḥ ||
dVI. Anuṣṭubh
ni(y)[u]⟨A11⟩ktas tena tad-vam̃śe
adīna-hīnā(n)ukampayā
b(E)kānnārttham āryyārakām
cāgatānāñ ca ⟨A12⟩ dūrataḥ||
dVII. Anuṣṭubh
vihāre khalu ta(s)yāsmi(n)
amuktī rājñā pradīya(t)e
btad-vam̃śe nāri¿n?⟨ṇ⟩ā kadā
ckarādā⟨Face B⟩⟨B1⟩(n)āt tu sarvvataḥ ||
dVIII. Anuṣṭubh
ye kalpitām imāṁ muktiṁ
alaṅghayiṣyanti kr̥(taghnāḥ)
b(punar ā)⟨B2⟩tmopabhukty-artthaṁ
cnarakādhaḥ patantu te||
dye ⟨’⟩pāsya yanti vicāraṇā sumatayaś śr(u)tvā ⟨B3⟩ kathām īdr̥śīṁ jñātvā ye ⟨’⟩pi ca yatra tatra likhitāṁ (d)r̥ṣṭvā śilāyāñ ca ye (sat-pu?)⟨B4⟩trābhyudayārttham eva satataṁ tat-puṇyam ūrvvyām idaṁ te sarvve pracarantu nirvvr̥tim api svargga⟨B5⟩n tathā svecchayā||✤||
niy· ru(maṅ·?) (humā) [13×] ⟨B6⟩ (k)a[4×] ṅauk· (gālaṁ) [4×] krauṅ· [8×] ⟨B7⟩ [.]i [4×] (Oḥ) jeṅ· (c)va[1×] [.]u[.]ū[.]ū (jāk· yā) [2×] la(c)·[6×]⟨B8⟩(varm)ma(deva) kā vriy· vihāra ratnalo(k)eś(vara niy·)[11×]⟨B9⟩rtu[3×] tri Ājñā pov· ku sarvvādhikāra yaṅ· [14×] ⟨B10⟩ [1×]nna [1×]na ciy· mamrait· humā (riha)[.]ī (°) [14×] ⟨B11⟩ [24×] ⟨B12⟩ [3×]nna na[19×]⟨B13⟩ṅ· nan· dauk· (d)i na[9×][...............] ⟨B14⟩ ya Oḥ jeṅ· taup· Oḥ jem̃ si Urāṅ· kluñ· ka(In)· (tat?)ra [7×] ⟨Face c⟩ ⟨c1⟩ (ni)y(·) rumaṁ tanatap· ka(ṁn·) humā ⟨c2⟩ phun· Āga marai tatap· humā niy· ⟨c3⟩ yāṅ· pu pov· ku śri ¡parmma!⟨parama⟩viṣnu⟨c4⟩loka pandar· pov· Añcov· Idair· ⟨c5⟩ yaṁṅ· Adiy· yāṅ· pu pov· ku para⟨c6⟩meśvaraloka ya(ṁ)ṅ· marai tatap· ⟨c7⟩ humā niy· kā taṁl· humā ni⟨c8⟩y· pov· Añcov· Idair· pandar· CuX ⟨c9⟩ yaṁṅ· tuhā (ta)tap· supara ta (nau) ⟨c10⟩ madā humā vihāra humā yāṅ· vukaṁn· ⟨c11⟩ di ⟨da⟩laṁ vvāṅ· niy· trā hai (gaḥ) A⟨c12⟩vista roṅ· nan· da[2×] pat· ⟨c13⟩ humā vukan· trā nan· bharuv· po⟨c14⟩v· Añcov· Idair· Atat· hu⟨c15⟩mā niy· vriy· kan· vihāra ni⟨c16⟩y· niy· (ro)ṅ· makrauy· ma⟨c17⟩[g](r)āc· trā pov· kluñ· limān· ⟨c18⟩ [pu] pov· ku (s)imhādhikāra yam̃ ma(rā) ⟨c19⟩ [1+]tal· magrāc· pūra (ro)ṅ· tu(hā) ⟨c20⟩ [1×]ñā mulaṅ· hai madā humā (v)i(hā)⟨c21⟩[ra] humā yāṁ vukan· di dalaṁ vvāṅ· ni(ṁ) trā (hai) ⟨c22⟩ [ga](ḥ) Avi
⟨Face d⟩ ⟨d1⟩ Oḥ jeṅ· si (lum)vaḥ di pu pov· tana rayā ⟨d2⟩ di (Urā)ṅ· yaṁṅ· kluñ· na(gar)· hulun· vi⟨d3⟩hāra niy· bhikṣu yaṁṅ· rak(ṣā) (da)nan· vati⟨d4⟩y· vihāra niy· ° Oḥ jeṅ· si Urāṅ· (p)uḥ ⟨d5⟩ pandar· di vnaut· rājakāryya siy· yaṅ· ⟨d6⟩ mavac· tanatap· yāṅ· pu pov· ku śrī ja⟨d7⟩ya siṅhavarmmadeva Urāṅ· nan· lac· di Avī⟨d8⟩cī Annan· naraka ṅan· Inā Amā gaṁp· g(o)⟨d9⟩(tra) (Urā)ṅ· nan· yāṅ· pu pov· ku śrī bhadrava⟨d10⟩rmmadeva vuḥ bhr̥ṅgāra pirak· vuḥ tra(lā)y· pira⟨d11⟩(k)· v(u)ḥ [3×] v(ihā)ra ratnalokeśvara niy· pra⟨d12⟩(t)i(ṣṭhā) [2×] di vihāra ni(y)· [1×]ma[2×] ⟨d13⟩ [2×]n· [4×](po)v· ku śrī jayasiṅhavarma
Apparatus
⟨A1⟩ [na](mo) ⟨’⟩(s)tu [b]u[d]dh[āya] [v]i(ś)u(d)dha-bu(d)dhaye • Our restitutions are partly inspired by scriptural parallels such as Suvarṇabhāsottamasūtra 21.1 namo ’stu buddhāya suviśuddhabodhaye viśuddhadharmā pratibhāmubuddhaye | saddharmapuṇyopagatānubuddhaye bhavāgraśūnyāya viśuddhabuddhaye.
⟨c15⟩ niy· niy· • Is the second niy superfluous?
⟨c17⟩ kluñ· • Or read kūñ·?
⟨c20⟩ (v)i(hā)⟨c21⟩[ra] • The gap has been supplied from the parallel in line c10.
⟨c22⟩ [ga](ḥ) Avi • The gap has been supplied from the parallel in line c11. The syllables Avi are the beginning fo Avista. It is unclear where the last syllable of this word would have stood.
Translation by Salomé Pichon and Arlo Griffiths
(B5–B12) Voici, depuis la rizière […] au-dessus de Gālam […] rivière. Il ne faut pas […]varmadeva a donné ce monastère de Ratna-Lokeśvara […]. ājñā pov ku Sarvādhikāra […] prince Mamrait, la rizière […].
(B13–B14) […] Ce […] réside à Na […] […]. Il ne faut pas dérober, il faut que personne ne détruise les étoffes […].
(c1–c4) Voici : depuis la règle pour les rizières est installé cette rizière du Y.P.P.K. Śrī Paramaviṣṇuloka.
Bibliography
Unpublished inscription. First edited by Arlo Griffiths and Salomé Pichon based on the EFEO estampages n. 2373, 2374, 2375, 2376 made by Nguyen Van Quang, and on a direct reading on stone led by Salomé Pichon in July 2022.
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<ab><milestone type="pagelike" unit="face" n="A"/><lb n="A1"/>svasti <supplied reason="lost"><g type="ddanda"/></supplied></ab>
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<l n="b">-sarvvādhikārākhya Udagra-buddhiḥ</l>
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<l n="d">dharmma-kāraṇam udbhavam· <g type="ddanda">.</g></l>
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<lg n="8" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a">ye kalpitām imāṁ muktiṁ</l>
<l n="b">laṅghayiṣyanti kr̥<unclear>taghnāḥ</unclear></l>
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<l n="c"><unclear>punar ā</unclear><lb n="B2" break="no"/>tmopabhukty-artthaṁ</l>
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</lg>
<p>ye <supplied reason="subaudible">'</supplied>pāsya yanti vicāraṇā<!-- lire vicāraṇāṁ? --> sumatayaś śr<unclear>u</unclear>tvā
<lb n="B3"/>kathām īdr̥śīṁ jñātvā ye <supplied reason="subaudible">'</supplied>pi ca yatra tatra likhitāṁ <unclear>d</unclear>r̥ṣṭvā śilāyāñ ca ye <unclear cert="low">sat-pu</unclear><lb n="B4" break="no"/>trābhyudayārttham eva satataṁ tat-puṇyam ūrvvyām idaṁ te sarvve pracarantu nirvvr̥tim api svargga<lb n="B5" break="no"/>n tathā svecchayā<g type="ddanda"/><g type="floretComplex"/><g type="ddanda"/>
</p>
<p xml:lang="ocm-Latn">niy· ru<unclear cert="low">maṅ·</unclear> <unclear>humā</unclear> <gap reason="illegible" quantity="13" unit="character"/>
<lb n="B6"/><unclear>k</unclear>a<gap reason="illegible" quantity="4" unit="character"/> ṅauk· <unclear>gālaṁ</unclear> <gap reason="illegible" quantity="4" unit="character"/> krauṅ· <gap reason="illegible" quantity="8" unit="character"/>
<lb n="B7"/><seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>i</seg> <gap reason="illegible" quantity="4" unit="character"/> <unclear>Oḥ</unclear> jeṅ· <unclear>c</unclear>va<gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/> <seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>u</seg><seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>ū</seg><seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>ū</seg> <unclear>jāk· yā</unclear> <gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character"/> la<unclear>c</unclear>· <gap reason="illegible" quantity="6" unit="character"/>
<!--<supplied reason="lost">sā</supplied><unclear>rtu</unclear><supplied reason="lost">̣ḥ</supplied> <unclear>tlu</unclear><supplied reason="lost">v·</supplied> <unclear>plu</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ḥ</supplied> <unclear>jāk· yā</unclear> <gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character"/> la<unclear>c</unclear>· <gap reason="illegible" quantity="6" unit="character"/>-->
<lb n="B8" break="no"/><unclear>varm</unclear>ma<unclear>deva</unclear> kā vriy· vihāra ratnalo<unclear>k</unclear>eś<unclear>vara niy·</unclear> <gap reason="illegible" quantity="11" unit="character"/><!-- SAPI et ARGR REPRENNENT ICI--><lb n="B9" break="no"/>rtu<gap reason="illegible" quantity="3" unit="character"/> tri Ājñā pov· ku sarvvādhikāra yaṅ· <gap reason="illegible" quantity="14" unit="character"/>
<lb n="B10"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/>nna <gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/>na ciy· mamrait· humā <unclear>riha</unclear><seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>ī</seg> <unclear><g type="dotMid">.</g></unclear> <gap reason="illegible" quantity="14" unit="character"/>
<lb n="B11"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="24" unit="character"/>
<lb n="B12"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="3" unit="character"/>nna na<gap reason="illegible" quantity="19" unit="character"/><lb n="B13" break="no"/>ṅ· nan· dauk· <unclear>d</unclear>i na<gap reason="illegible" quantity="9" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" quantity="15" unit="component"/>
<lb n="B14"/>ya Oḥ jeṅ· taup· Oḥ jem̃ si Urāṅ· kluñ· ka<unclear>In</unclear>· <unclear cert="low">tat</unclear>ra <gap reason="illegible" quantity="7" unit="character"/>
<milestone type="pagelike" unit="face" n="c"/>
<lb n="c1"/><unclear>ni</unclear>y<unclear>·</unclear> rumaṁ tanatap· ka<unclear>ṁn·</unclear> humā
<lb n="c2"/>phun· Āga marai tatap· humā niy·
<lb n="c3"/>yāṅ· pu pov· ku śri <choice><orig>parmma</orig><reg>parama</reg></choice>viṣnu<lb n="c4" break="no"/>loka pandar· pov· Añcov· Idair·
<lb n="c5"/>yaṁṅ· Adiy· yāṅ· pu pov· ku para<lb n="c6" break="no"/>meśvaraloka ya<unclear>ṁ</unclear>ṅ· marai tatap·
<lb n="c7"/>humā niy· kā taṁl· humā ni<lb n="c8" break="no"/>y· pov· Añcov· Idair· pandar· CuX<!-- phun·? -->
<lb n="c9"/>yaṁṅ· tuhā <unclear>ta</unclear>tap· supara<!--
C. 89 pour un autre exemple de supara;
ou lire rumaḥ?
ou lire supaḥ?
--> ta <unclear>nau</unclear><!--
sapi2argr on voit nau plus clairement sur la photo de Adeline
peut-on lire tanā?
-->
<lb n="c10"/>madā humā vihāra humā yāṅ· vukaṁn·
<lb n="c11"/>di <supplied reason="omitted">da</supplied>laṁ vvāṅ· niy· trā hai <unclear>gaḥ</unclear> A<lb n="c12" break="no"/>vista roṅ·<!--voir ligne C19--> nan· da<gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character"/> <!--Oḥ --> pat·<!-- pata? -->
<lb n="c13"/>humā vukan· trā nan· bharuv· po<lb n="c14" break="no"/>v· Añcov· Idair· Atat· hu<lb n="c15" break="no"/>mā niy· vriy· kan· vihāra ni<lb n="c16" break="no"/>y· niy· <unclear>ro</unclear>ṅ· makrauy· ma<lb n="c17" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">g</supplied><unclear>r</unclear>āc· trā pov· kluñ· limān·
<lb n="c18"/><supplied reason="lost">pu</supplied> pov· ku <unclear>s</unclear>imhādhikāra yam̃ ma<unclear>rā</unclear><!-- ou marai?-->
<lb n="c19"/><gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>tal· magrāc· pūra <unclear>ro</unclear>ṅ·<!--Urāṅ? voir ligne C12--> tu<unclear>hā</unclear>
<lb n="c20"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/>ñā mulaṅ· hai madā humā <unclear>v</unclear>i<unclear>hā</unclear><lb n="c21" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">ra</supplied> humā yāṁ vukan· di dalaṁ vvāṅ· ni<unclear>ṁ</unclear> trā <unclear>hai</unclear>
<lb n="c22"/><supplied reason="lost">ga</supplied><unclear>ḥ</unclear> Avi
</p>
<p><milestone type="pagelike" unit="face" n="d"/>
<lb n="d1"/>Oḥ jeṅ· si <unclear>lum</unclear>vaḥ di pu pov· tana rayā
<lb n="d2"/>di <unclear>Urā</unclear>ṅ· yaṁṅ· kluñ· na<unclear>gar</unclear>· hulun· vi<lb n="d3" break="no"/>hāra niy· bhikṣu yaṁṅ· rak<unclear>ṣā</unclear><!-- dunan·? --> <unclear>da</unclear>nan· vati<lb n="d4" break="no"/>y· vihāra niy· <g type="dotMid">.</g> Oḥ jeṅ· si Urāṅ· <unclear>p</unclear>uḥ<!-- vuḥ? punda? -->
<lb n="d5"/>pandar· di vnaut· rājakāryya siy· yaṅ·
<lb n="d6"/>mavac· tanatap· yāṅ· pu pov· ku śrī ja<lb n="d7" break="no"/>ya siṅhavarmmadeva Urāṅ· nan· lac· di Avī<lb n="d8" break="no"/>cī Annan· naraka ṅan· Inā Amā gaṁp· g<unclear>o</unclear><lb n="d9" break="no"/><unclear>tra</unclear><!-- voir C. 167 pour un autre cas de Inā Amā gaṁp· gotra--> <unclear>Urā</unclear>ṅ· nan· yāṅ· pu pov· ku śrī bhadrava<lb n="d10" break="no"/>rmmadeva vuḥ bhr̥ṅgāra pirak· vuḥ tra<unclear>lā</unclear>y· pira<lb n="d11" break="no"/><unclear>k</unclear>· v<unclear>u</unclear>ḥ <gap reason="illegible" quantity="3" unit="character"/><!-- bhaṭāra? bhr̥ṅgāra? --> v<unclear>ihā</unclear>ra ratnalokeśvara niy· pra<lb n="d12" break="no"/><unclear>t</unclear>i<unclear>ṣṭhā</unclear> <gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character"/> di vihāra ni<unclear>y</unclear>· <gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/>ma<gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character"/><!-- peut-être pas ma mais mū, mbha, mva, mla... -->
<lb n="d13"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character"/>n· <gap reason="illegible" quantity="4" unit="character"/><unclear>po</unclear>v· ku śrī jayasiṅhavarma
</p>
</div>
<div type="apparatus">
<listApp>
<app loc="A1">
<lem><supplied reason="lost">na</supplied><unclear>mo</unclear> <supplied reason="subaudible">'</supplied><unclear>s</unclear>tu <supplied reason="lost">b</supplied>u<supplied reason="lost">d</supplied>dh<supplied reason="lost">āya</supplied> <supplied reason="lost">v</supplied>i<unclear>ś</unclear>u<unclear>d</unclear>dha-bu<unclear>d</unclear>dhaye</lem>
<note>Our restitutions are partly inspired by scriptural parallels such as <title>Suvarṇabhāsottamasūtra</title> 21.1 <foreign>namo 'stu buddhāya suviśuddhabodhaye viśuddhadharmā pratibhāmubuddhaye | saddharmapuṇyopagatānubuddhaye bhavāgraśūnyāya viśuddhabuddhaye</foreign>.</note>
</app>
<app loc="c15">
<lem>niy· niy·</lem>
<note>Is the second <foreign>niy</foreign> superfluous?</note>
</app>
<app loc="c17">
<lem>kluñ·</lem>
<note>Or read <foreign>kūñ·</foreign>?</note>
</app>
<app loc="c20">
<lem><unclear>v</unclear>i<unclear>hā</unclear><lb n="c21" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">ra</supplied></lem>
<note>The gap has been supplied from the parallel in line c10.</note>
</app>
<app loc="c22">
<lem><supplied reason="lost">ga</supplied><unclear>ḥ</unclear> Avi</lem>
<note>The gap has been supplied from the parallel in line c11. The syllables Avi are the beginning fo <foreign>Avista</foreign>. It is unclear where the last syllable of this word would have stood.</note>
</app>
</listApp> </div>
<div type="translation" resp="part:sapi part:argr">
<p n="B5-B12">Voici, depuis la rizière <gap reason="illegible"/> au-dessus de Gālam <gap reason="illegible"/> rivière. Il ne faut pas <gap reason="illegible"/>varmadeva a donné ce monastère de Ratna-Lokeśvara <gap reason="illegible"/>. <foreign>ājñā pov ku</foreign> Sarvādhikāra <gap reason="illegible"/> prince Mamrait, la rizière <gap reason="illegible"/>.</p>
<p n="B13-B14"><gap reason="illegible"/> Ce <gap reason="illegible"/> réside à Na <gap reason="illegible"/> <gap reason="lost"/>. Il ne faut pas dérober, il faut que personne ne détruise les étoffes <gap reason="illegible"/>.</p>
<p n="c1-c4">Voici : depuis la règle pour les rizières
est installé cette rizière du Y.P.P.K. Śrī Paramaviṣṇuloka.</p>
<!--Celui qui ......
dālaṁ : dans ? durée ?
vāṅ : période ?
cānrāg :
umvām :
phun : début, origine ?
āgama : doctrine
(ma)rai : venir ? déployer ?
tatap : installer
humā : rizière
niy : cette
YPPK śri dharmma
ciy : prince
loka : monde
pandar : faire ? rendre semblable à ?
pov Sañcov Idair : maître Sañcov Idair
yadā : quand ?
adiy : frère cadet
Y.P.P.K. Parameśvaraloka
yaṅ : Celui qui
marai tatap· : installe
humā niy : cette rizière
kā : pour / ensuite
taṁl : jusqu'à
humā niy : cette rizière
pov Sañcov Idair : maître Sañcov Idair
pandar : faire ? rendre semblable à ?
humā jatuhāvā
tal· : jusqu'à
rumaḥ : la maison, le palais, le temple
tak
madā : il y a
humā vihāra : les rizières du vihāra
humā yāṅ vukaṁ : les autre rizières du dieu
di [da]laṁ vvāṅ niy : à cette période
trā
hai
rāna
Avista rauṅ nan: tous ces rauṅ
da...
pat : quatre
humā vukan ;-->
</div>
<div type="commentary">
<p>The spelling of the inscription is very hazarduous. Cf. line c1 <foreign>dā(laṁ) vāṅ·</foreign>, line c11 <foreign>di laṁ vvāṅ·</foreign> and line c21 <foreign>di dalaṁ vvāṅ·</foreign>. Also cf. line c4 <foreign>sañ·cov·</foreign>, line c14 <foreign>sañcov·</foreign>. </p>
</div>
<div type="bibliography">
<p>Unpublished inscription. First edited by Arlo Griffiths and Salomé Pichon based on the EFEO estampages n. 2373, 2374, 2375, 2376
made by Nguyen Van Quang, and on a direct reading on stone led by Salomé Pichon in July 2022.</p>
<listBibl type="primary">
<bibl n="siglum"/><!-- one <bibl/> per item of primary bibliography. Every entry mentionned in apparatus should hava a @n to declare its sigla -->
</listBibl>
<listBibl type="secondary">
<bibl/><!-- one <bibl/> per item of secondary bibliography -->
</listBibl>
</div>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
Commentary
The spelling of the inscription is very hazarduous. Cf. line c1 dā(laṁ) vāṅ·, line c11 di laṁ vvāṅ· and line c21 di dalaṁ vvāṅ·. Also cf. line c4 sañ·cov·, line c14 sañcov·.