Bhatera Plate of Īśānadeva, year 17

Editor: Ryosuke Furui.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSBengalCharters00097.

Hand description:

Language: Sanskrit.

Repository: Bengal Copper Plates (tfb-bengalcharters-epigraphy).

Version: (9473ed8), last modified (a7a50a7).

Edition

⟨Page 1r⟩ ⟨1⟩

@ om̐ namo nārāyaṇāya||

I. Anuṣṭubh

mahā-nīla-maṇi-śyāmaḥ suvarṇṇa-rucirāmvaraḥ|

ab

pā⟨2⟩tu vaḥ kamala-kāntaḥ sa-vidyud iva vāri-daḥ||

cd
II. Anuṣṭubh

tuṅgātuṅgatamaḥ stoma-nāga⟨3⟩-yūtha-mr̥gādhipaḥ|

ab

mauli-ratnaṁ maheśasya jayaty amr̥ta-dīdhitiḥ||

cd
III. Upajāti

tad-anvaye ⟨’⟩bhū⟨4⟩d bhuvanāvatan⟨s⟩a⟨ḥ⟩

a

svīyodaye yo ⟨’⟩tula-kīrtti-rāśiḥ|

b

sa śa[⏑–]-[ma]ṇḍala-[–]sa-sārtha

c

⟨5⟩-kalpa-drumo śohuṇa-bhūmi-pālaḥ||

d
IV. Upajāti

tasyātmajaḥ śastra-bhr̥[tāṁ] vi[–⏓]

a

sambhrāṁ[ta-vi]gnā⟨6⟩rṇṇava-mandarād⟨r⟩iḥ|

b

śrī[–⏑––]-kṣata-mañju-mūrttir

c

vabhūva nārāyaṇadeva [E]ṣaḥ||

d
V. Upajāti

nidhiḥ [ka]⟨7⟩lānāṁ bhavanaṁ guṇānāṁ

a

[śau]ryyasya rāśir vinayasya bhūmiḥ|

b

sauja[nya]-[––⏑]dhir u⟨8⟩n⟨n⟩ata-śrīḥ

c

prakhyāta-kīrttir bhuvanāvata⟨ṁ⟩saḥ||

d
VI. Indravajrā

tasyor¿a?⟨u⟩-tejā ripu-rāja-gopī

a

-govi⟨9⟩nda-vīr¿u?⟨a⟩-druma-nātha-saṁj[ñ]aḥ|

b

kṣmā-pāla-cūḍā-maṇi-maṇḍitāṁghriḥ

c

putro ⟨’⟩bha[vat· keśa]⟨10⟩vadeva-devaḥ||

d
VII. Upajāti

guṇair yadīyaiḥ śravanābhirāmair

a

ākr̥ṣyamāṇā guṇinas sa⟨11⟩mantāT|

b

Āgatya sampūrṇṇa-mano-[ra]thān na

c

sasmarur janma-bhuvaṁ dvijendr[āḥ]||

d
VIII. Upajāti

⟨12⟩ yasmin mahīṁ ¿g?⟨ś⟩ā¿bh?⟨s⟩ati bhūmi-pālā

a

nidrāṁ rajanyām api nādhijagmuḥ|

b

sañci⟨13⟩ntayantaḥ paritoṣa-hetor

c

amu¿n?⟨ṣ⟩ya viśrāṇayituṁ vasūni||

d
IX. Upajāti

niḥsīma-nau-vāṭaka-pa⟨14⟩tti-vāji

a

-prabhinna-dantā-vala-sainya-sampat·⟨|⟩

b

sa rāja-rājaḥ kumudāvadātair

c

yyaśo⟨15⟩bhir urvvīṁ vimalī-cakāra||

d
X. Upajāti

sa mandiraṁ kaṁsa-nisūdanasya

a

śilābhir uccair vidadhe ⟨16⟩ mahaujāḥ⟨|⟩

b

yat-tuṅga-śr̥ṅga-sthita-cakra-dhārā

c

-kṣatāḥ kṣaranty amvu-ghanā diva-sthāḥ||

d
XI. Anuṣṭubh

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨17⟩ tulā-puruṣa-dāne ⟨’⟩sya saṁprāpya draviṇaṁ dvijāḥ|

ab

kal¿y?⟨p⟩a-vr̥kṣā Ivābhūvan⟨·⟩ hemāla⟨18⟩ṅkāra-bhūṣitā⟨ḥ||⟩

cd
XII. Indravajrā

tasmān maheśād iva vāhuleyaḥ

a

pīyūṣa-raśmer iva rauhiṇyaḥ,

b

⟨19⟩ śrīmān abhūn nirmmala-kīrtti-rāśir

c

īśānadevaḥ kṣiti-pāla-ca¿t?⟨nd⟩raḥ||

d
XIII. Upajāti

yaj-jaitra-yātrā-pra⟨20⟩calaT-¿g?⟨p⟩adāti

a

-turaṅga-dan¿ḍ?⟨t⟩ā-vala-sainya-kīrṇṇaiḥ,

b

rajobhir urvvyāḥ parimr̥śyamānaś

c

ca⟨21⟩[–⏑]m¿a?⟨ā⟩-ha⟨ṁ⟩sa{ṁ}-nimīla-śakraḥ||

d
XIV. Upajāti

yadīya-nau-vāṭaka-keli-pāta

a

-ghātocchalad-vāribhir u⟨22⟩s¿ū?⟨ra⟩-raśmeḥ|

b

rathy¿e?⟨ai⟩s turaṅgair atisantapadbhiḥ

c

santāpa-śāntiḥ s¿a?⟨u⟩tarām alambhi||

d
XV. Upajāti

vini⟨23⟩rmmame ⟨’⟩sau madhu-k¿e?⟨ai⟩ṭabhāreḥ

a

prāsādam abhra⟨ṁ⟩ lihan ūrjjita-śrīḥ|

b

yat-t(u)ṅga-śr̥ṅga-pracalaT-patāk¿a?⟨ā⟩

c

⟨24⟩ ¿l?⟨n⟩abhas-taror m¿ā?⟨a⟩ñjarikeva bhāti||

d
XVI. Anuṣṭubh

Etasya p¿a?⟨r̥⟩thivī-bhartur ākṣapaṭalikaḥ kr̥tī|

ab

vaidya-va⟨ṁ⟩⟨25⟩śa-pradīpaḥ śrī-vanamālikaro ⟨’⟩bhavaT||

cd
XVII. Anuṣṭubh

Asya ¿p?⟨v⟩ijñāpanāt nr̥paḥ śāsanaṁ kr̥tavān ayam⟨·⟩|

ab

rāja-pu⟨26⟩tro yaḥ sthaviraḥ putra-śūnyaḥ sva-ha¿kr?⟨st⟩ataḥ||

cd

(26) pālyaṁ bhū-hala-dvayaṁ sa-vāstu ⟨’⟩sya sariś-cita⟨ṁ⟩

XVIII. Anuṣṭubh

⟨27⟩ mr̥tasya rāja-putrasya ¿ṣ?⟨p⟩atnī yā kula-pālikā|

ab

śiśuś ca tanayas tiṣṭho pālyam eva tayo⟨28⟩r api||

cd
XIX. Upajāti

Āde¿s?⟨ś⟩ik[o ’]bhūt samara-pravīraḥ|

a

śrī-vīradattaḥ pr̥tanādhināthaḥ⟨|⟩

b

dig-a⟨29⟩nta-saṅg¿ā?⟨ī⟩ta-yaśaḥ-praśasti[ḥ]

c

pratāpa-[bh]ānūrjjita-peśya-rāśiḥ||

d
XX. Anuṣṭubh

sva-dattāṁ para-dattāṁ vā yo ⟨30⟩ haret{v}a vasundarām·|

ab

sa viṣṭhāyām kr̥mir bhūtvā pitr̥bhiḥ saha pacyate||

cd
XXI. Indravajrā

Etāṁ praśastiṁ vidadhe vi⟨31⟩vekī

a

śrī-mādhavo dāsa-kulāvataṁsaḥ⟨|⟩

b

yāvat samudrā gi[ra]yaś ca yāvaj

c

jīyāT kṣitau [t]āvad iya⟨ṁ⟩ ca śa[st]i⟨ḥ||⟩

d

(32) saṁ 17 vaiśākha-dine 1

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ @ ⬦ RLM.

⟨4⟩ bhuvanāvatan⟨s⟩a⟨ḥ⟩ ⬦ bhuvanāvataṁsaḥ RLM; bhuvanāvata⟨ṁ⟩sa⟨ḥ⟩ KKG. — ⟨4⟩ yo ⟨’⟩tula- ⬦ projjvala- RLM; p⟨r⟩oj⟨j⟩vala- KKG. — ⟨4⟩ śa[–⏑–]- ⬦ śastrabhr̥n- RLM; śa[strabhr̥n]- KKG. — ⟨4⟩ -[ma]ṇḍala- ⬦ -maṇḍala- RLM. — ⟨4⟩ -[–]sa- ⬦ haṁsa RLM; -[haṁ]sa- KKG.

⟨5⟩ śohuṇa- ⬦ gokula- RLM; goṅgūṇa- KKG. — ⟨5⟩ -bhr̥[tāṁ] ⬦ -bhr̥tāṁ RLM. — ⟨5⟩ vi[–⏓] ⬦ viśiṣṭaḥ RLM; vi[śiṣṭaḥ] KKG. — ⟨5⟩ sambhrāṁ[ta-vi]gnā ⬦ sambhrāmta-śastrā RLM; sambhrāṁ[ta-śa]strā KKG.

⟨6⟩ śrī[–⏑––]- ⬦ śriyā hr̥dā saṅgata- RLM; śr¿ī?⟨i⟩[yā hr̥dā sa]kṣata- KKG. — ⟨6⟩ [E]ṣaḥ ⬦ Eṣaḥ RLM. — ⟨6⟩ [ka]⟨7⟩lānāṁ ⬦ ka⟨7⟩lānāṁ RLM.

⟨7⟩ guṇānāṁ ⬦ g¿ū?⟨u⟩ṇāmāṁ KKG. — ⟨7⟩ [śau]ryyasya ⬦ śauryyasya RLM. — ⟨7⟩ sauja[nya]-[––⏑]dhir ⬦ saujanya-pātho-nidhir RLM; sauja[nya-payo-ni]dhir KKG. — ⟨7⟩ u⟨8⟩n⟨n⟩ata- ⬦ u⟨8⟩nnata RLM KKG.

⟨8⟩ bhuvanāvata⟨ṁ⟩saḥ ⬦ bhuvanāvataṁsaḥ RLM. — ⟨8⟩ tasyor¿a?⟨u⟩- ⬦ tasyoru- RLM.

⟨9⟩ -vīr¿u?⟨a⟩- ⬦ -vīro RLM; -vīra- KKG. — ⟨9⟩ -saṁj[ñ]aḥ ⬦ -saṁjñaḥ RLM KKG. — ⟨9⟩ -maṇḍitāṁghriḥ ⬦ -maṇḍitāṁghri- RLM.

⟨11⟩ -[ra]thān na ⬦ -rathāś ca RLM.

⟨12⟩ ¿g?⟨ś⟩ā¿bh?⟨s⟩ati ⬦ śāsati RLM KKG.

⟨13⟩ amu¿n?⟨ṣ⟩ya ⬦ amuṣya RLM; muṣya KKG.

⟨14⟩ -sampat·⟨|⟩ ⬦ -sampat·| RLM.

⟨16⟩ mahaujāḥ⟨|⟩ ⬦ mahaujāḥ| RLM.

⟨17⟩ -dāne ⟨’⟩sya ⬦ -dānasya RLM. — ⟨17⟩ saṁprāpya ⬦ samprāpya RLM. — ⟨17⟩ draviṇaṁ ⬦ draviṇan KKG. — ⟨17⟩ kal¿y?⟨p⟩a- ⬦ kalpa- RLM KKG.

⟨18⟩ -bhūṣitā⟨ḥ||⟩ ⬦ -bhūṣitāḥ|| RLM.

⟨19⟩ -ca¿t?⟨nd⟩raḥ ⬦ -candraḥ RLM; -chatraḥ KKG.

⟨20⟩ -¿g?⟨p⟩adāti ⬦ -padāti RLM KKG. — ⟨20⟩ -dan¿ḍ?⟨t⟩ā- ⬦ -dantā- RLM KKG. — ⟨20⟩ ca⟨21⟩[–⏑]m¿a?⟨ā⟩--ha⟨ṁ⟩sa{ṁ}- ⬦ cha⟨21⟩nnonmahāḥ sannya- RLM; cha⟨21⟩[nnon] maha⟨ḥ⟩ saṁ- KKG.

⟨21⟩ -nimīla-śakraḥ ⬦ -mimīladarkaḥ RLM; -nimīlaṇarkaḥ KKG. — ⟨21⟩ -keli- ⬦ -keni- RLM. — ⟨21⟩ u⟨22⟩s¿ū?⟨ra⟩- ⬦ u⟨22⟩gra- RLM; u⟨22⟩sra- KKG.

⟨22⟩ rathy¿e?⟨ai⟩s ⬦ rathyais RLM KKG. — ⟨22⟩ atisantapadbhiḥ ⬦ abhisantapadbhiḥ RLM KKG. — ⟨22⟩ s¿a?⟨u⟩tarām ⬦ sutarām RLM KKG.

⟨23⟩ -k¿e?⟨ai⟩ṭabhāreḥ ⬦ -kaiṭabhāreḥ RLM. — ⟨23⟩ abhra⟨ṁ⟩ ⬦ abhraṁ RLM KKG. — ⟨23⟩ ūrjjita- ⬦ ūrjita- KKG. — ⟨23⟩ -patāk¿a?⟨ā⟩ ⬦ -patākā RLM.

⟨24⟩ ¿l?⟨n⟩abhas- ⬦ nabhas- RLM KKG. — ⟨24⟩ m¿ā?⟨a⟩ñjarikeva ⬦ mañjarikeva RLM. — ⟨24⟩ p¿a?⟨r̥⟩thivī- ⬦ pr̥thivī- RLM. — ⟨24⟩ ākṣapaṭalikaḥ ⬦ ājapaṭṭanikaḥ RLM. — ⟨24⟩ -va⟨ṁ⟩⟨25⟩śa- ⬦ -vaṁ⟨25⟩śa- RLM.

⟨25⟩ ¿p?⟨v⟩ijñāpanāt ⬦ vijñāpanād RLM KKG. — ⟨25⟩ nr̥paḥ ⬦ bhūpaḥ RLM KKG. — ⟨25⟩ ayam⟨·⟩ ⬦ ayam RLM KKG.

⟨26⟩ -ha¿kr?⟨st⟩ataḥ ⬦ -hastataḥ RLM KKG. — ⟨26⟩ -vāstu ⬦ -vāstu⟨ḥ⟩ KKG. — ⟨26⟩ sariś-cita⟨ṁ⟩ ⬦ vistr̥taṁ RLM; sariścita⟨ḥ⟩ KKG.

⟨27⟩ ¿ṣ?⟨p⟩atnī ⬦ patnī RLM KKG. — ⟨27⟩ tanayas ⬦ tanayaḥ RLM. — ⟨27⟩ tiṣṭho ⬦ tasyāḥ RLM; tiṣyā KKG.

⟨28⟩ Āde¿s?⟨ś⟩ik[o ’]bhūt ⬦ Ādeśiko bhūt RLM. — ⟨28⟩ pr̥tanādhināthaḥ⟨|⟩ ⬦ pr̥tanādhināthaḥ| RLM.

⟨29⟩ -saṅg¿ā?⟨ī⟩ta- ⬦ -saṁkrānta- RLM. — ⟨29⟩ -praśasti[ḥ] ⬦ -praśastiḥ RLM. — ⟨29⟩ -[bh]ānūrjjita- ⬦ -vānūrjjita- RLM. — ⟨29⟩ -peśya- ⬦ -dhairyya- RLM; -paśya- KKG.

⟨30⟩ haret{v}a ⬦ hareta RLM KKG. — ⟨30⟩ vidadhe ⬦ vidādha KKG.

⟨31⟩ -kulāvataṁsaḥ⟨|⟩ ⬦ -kulāvataṁsaḥ| RLM. — ⟨31⟩ [t]āvad ⬦ tāvad RLM. — ⟨31⟩ iya⟨ṁ⟩ ⬦ iyañ RLM KKG. — ⟨31⟩ śa[st]i⟨ḥ||⟩ ⬦ śaśvat·|| RLM; śa[śvat·||] KKG.

⟨32⟩ ___________________saṁ 17 vaiśākha-dine 1_______ • Mitra 1880 puts this line at the end of the last line.

Translation by Ryosuke Furui

(1) Success! Oṁ, salutation to Nārāyaṇa!

I
May the lover of Kamalā (Viṣṇu), who is black like a large sapphire, wearing a garment bright with gold, like a rain cloud with lightning, protect you!
II
May the nectar-rayed one(the Moon), the crest jewel of Maheśa, the lord of beasts (lion) among a flock of elephants that are hymns, and very tall and short [at once], be victorious!
III
In his lineage was born the king Śohuṇa, the garland of the world, who had a heap of unequalled fame in his rise. He was the wealthy wish-fulfilling tree for […] circle of […].
IV
To him was born the son, this Nārāyaṇadeva, who was […] of sword-bearers, the Mandara Mountain in the agitated and shaken ocean, and had the body beautiful with wounds […].
V
[He was] a storehouse of arts, a house of virtues, a heap of heroism, the land of good conduct, […] of friendship, having upraised fortune, with well-known fame, and was a garland of the world.
VI
To him was born the son, King Keśavadeva, who had great energy, called Govinda for cowherdess that were his enemies and the Lord of trees that were heroes, whose feet were decorated by crest jewels of kings.
VII
By whose virtues pleasing to listen, virtuous people are drawn from all around. After coming to the fulfilment of their wish, best brāhmaṇas did not remember their native land.
VIII
When he was ruling the earth, kings did not go to sleep even in night, thinking over goods to give to that cause of delight (the king).
IX
That king of kings, who had an abundance of army consisting of troops of innumerable great ships, foot soldiers, horses and rutting elephants, cleansed the earth by his fame pure like white waterlily.
X
He, who had great energy, built a temple of the destroyer of Kaṁsa (Kr̥ṣṇa) by lofty stones. Hails staying in the sky, broken by the edge of the discus installed at its lofty pinnacle, melt away.
XI
After obtaining wealth at his donation of tulāpuruṣa, brāhmaṇas became like wish-fulfilling trees, decorated with gold ornaments.
XII
From him, as if the son of Bahulā (Skanda) [was born] from Maheśa, the son of Rohiṇī (Budha) [was born] from the nectar-rayed one (the Moon), illustrious Īśānadeva, the moon among kings, who had a heap of spotless fame, was born.
XIII
Touched by dust scattered by the army of troops of foot soldiers, horses and elephants moving on his victorious march on the earth, […] swans […] Śakra had his eyes shut.
XIV
By water spring up by blows of sporting fall of his great ships, the pacification of heat from the sun ray was gained still more by horses of chariots, which were heating up excessively.
XV
He built a high temple of the enemy of Madhu and Kaiṭabha (Viṣṇu) with excellent beauty, licking cloud. The banner on its lofty pinnacle appears like flowers of the tree of sky.
XVI
There was a skilful ākṣapaṭalika of this master of the earth, the light of the lineage of vaidya, illustrious Vanamālikara.
XVII
This king was the one who made the edict according to the request of him, who was a rājaputra and sthavira without son, from his own hand.

(26) His two halas of land with homestead placed in line with creek should be protected.

XVIII
The wife of the demised rājaputra, who is the guardian of family, and a child installed as the son of the both should also be protected.
XIX
The ādeśika (conveyer of order) was illustrious Vīradatta, the one excelled in battles, the supreme lord of army, whose eulogy of fame was sung at the ends of quarters, who had a multitude of excellent decorations of the Sun that were his valour.
XX
Either given by himself or given by the others, the one who stole land, he would be boiled with his ancestors after becoming an insect in excreta.
XXI
Illustrious Mādhava, wise, the garland of the Dāsa family, created this eulogy. As long as oceans and mountains exist, may this praise also be victorious on the earth!

(32) Year 17 month Vaiśākha day 1.

Commentary

Bibliography

First notified and edited by Rajendra Lal Mitra1880, then re-edited by Kamala Kanta Gupta1967. Now re-edited by Ryosuke Furui on reading from the photographs taken by himself at Indian Museum.

Primary

[RLM] Mitra, Rajendralala. 1880. “Copper plate inscriptions from Sylhet.” PASB, pp. 141–153. [URL]. Pages 151–153.

[KKG] Gupta, Kamalakanta. 1967. Copper-plates of Sylhet, vol.1 (7th-11th century A. D.) Sylhet: Lipika Enterprises. Pages 181–191.

Secondary

Chaudhuri, Umesh Chandra. 1940. “Some observations on two copper-plate grants from Bhāṭerā, Sylhet District, Assam.” JRASB-L 6 (2), pp. 73–77.