Tiruvaṇṇāmalai, Aruṇācaleśvara, time of Kṛishṇadeva Mahārāya, Śaka year 1438

Editors: Renato Dávalos, Emmanuel Francis.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSII0800165.

Summary: Gift of land for performing various services during festival, including adhyayana.

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (tfa-sii-epigraphy).

Version: (43137b3), last modified (4fa7eb9).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti

śrīman·-mahārācāti-Irāja-Irāca-paramēśvaran· ⟨2⟩ muvarāyar kaṇṭa⟨ṉ⟩ Ariya-Irāya-vipāṭa⟨ṉ⟩ Aṭa-tikku⟨3⟩-Irāya-maṉōpayaṅkara⟨ṉ⟩ṣaikku-t tappu⟨4⟩varāyar kaṇṭa⟨ṉ⟩ pūṟuva-t¡e!⟨a⟩kṣiṇa-paccima-ca⟨5⟩muttirāt¡i!⟨ī⟩cura⟨ṉ⟩ yamuṉai-Irācciya-⟨sth⟩āpaṉā⟨6⟩cāriya⟨ṉ⟩ kēca-pati-vipāṭa⟨ṉ⟩ śrī-vīra-p-pira⟨7⟩tāpa⟨ṉ⟩ śrī-vīra-kiṣṇa-tēva-mahā-rāyar vicai⟨8⟩y¿ā?⟨a⟩-nakarattilē Eḻunt-aruḷi Iruntu

⟨9⟩ pūṟuva-tikku vicaiyam āka Eḻunt-aruḷi U⟨10⟩taiya-kiri-tuṟkkam koṇṭu Ira-Uttarāya-ma⟨11⟩-pāttirattaiyum pi(ṭi)t=tu-k koṇṭu Attaṅki ⟨12⟩ viṉi-k-koṇṭai velaṅ-koṇṭai nākāccu⟨13⟩ṉi-tuṟkkam taṅkeṭa-k-kētavaram mutal āka ma⟨14⟩laituṟ-k-kaṅkaḷ Oru tāṭi y-āka-k kai-k-koṇ⟨15⟩ṭu koṇṭaviṭṭil tuṟkkattiṉ pērilē I⟨16⟩(varilē peri)ya viṭṭu caṟuva-yilakkai piṭittu⟨17⟩-t tuṟkkam kai-k-koṇṭu piṟatāpa-ruttiraṉ ⟨18⟩ kēca-pati-rāyaṉ kumāra-vīra-pattirarāyaṉ kumā ⟨19⟩ ⌉ra-Ammira-pāttiraṉ makaṉ nara-kari-tēva⟨ṉ⟩ rāc⟨20⟩cūr mallukāṉaṉ Uttaṇṭakāṉaṉ caṉṉi⟨21⟩yāla-kacavā-p¿a?⟨ā⟩ttira⟨ṉ⟩ pūcala-p-pāṭi rācirācu śrī-nā⟨22⟩tarācu Ilakṣmi-patirācu paccima-vāla-cantiṟa-mahā-pā⟨23⟩ttiram y-ivarkaḷ mutal-āṉa pāttiṟa-cāmantarka{ḷ}⟨24⟩(ḷai) pirāṇa(vu)ṭaṉē piṭittu-k koṇṭu y-ivarkaḷu⟨25⟩kku A(bha)yastam· koṭuttu taraṇi-kōṭṭam Ama⟨rē⟩⟨26⟩curattil tulā-puruṣa-mahātāṉam ceyt-aruḷi-t ⟨27⟩ tirumpi vicaiya-nakarattukku Eḻunt-aruḷi

mīḷa-k (ka)⟨28⟩ḷiṅka-tēca-tikku-vicaiyam āka (p)¿e?⟨a⟩cavāṭaikku Eḻu⟨29⟩nt-aruḷi koṇṭa-paḷḷi-tuṟkkam koṇṭu Anta tuṟ ⟨30⟩ kattilē piṟakarāca-ciṟa-c-cantiṟa-ma-pāttira[4+]⟨31⟩ma-pāttiram pijilikkāṉaṉ y-ivarkaḷ mutal-āṉa ⟨32⟩ pāttiṟaṅkaḷai c¡i!⟨ī⟩vat=tuṭaṉē piṭittu-k koṇṭu A ⟨33⟩ paiyastam· koṭuttu Aṉantakiri Uṇṭaṟ-koṇṭa ⟨34⟩ Uruḷa-k-koṇṭa Aruva-p-paḷḷi calli-p-paḷ⟨ḷi⟩ (At)⟨35⟩ti-k-koṇṭa (ka)ppaluvāyi nallaṅ-koṇṭa [2+] ⟨36⟩ [3+] kaṉaka-kiri caṅkara-kiri [6+] ⟨37⟩ [10+] tiṟamal(li) kai-k-koṇṭu ⟨38⟩ ciṅkāttiri poṭṭuṉūrkku Eḻunt-aruḷi Aṅkē ce⟨39⟩yattampam (nā)ṭṭi (cim)tti [6+] (tiru)m⟨40⟩(pi) Irāca-mayēntiṟāvarattukku Eḻunt-aruḷi [2+] ⟨41⟩ [2+] tēviyār ciṉṉācci-Ammaṉ tiru-malai-tēvi-A(m)⟨42⟩maṉ y-ivarkaḷum matānam paṇṇi vicaiya-na⟨43⟩karattukku Eḻunt-aruḷi

svasti śrī

vicaiyāṟputa⟨44⟩ya-cālivākaṉa-caka 1 1000 4 100 3 10 8-l mēl cellā⟨45⟩⌉ niṉṟa tātu makara-nāyaṟṟu pūṟuva-pakṣattil ⟨46⟩ tiraiyoteciyum cōma-vārattu nāḷ śrī-kāḷa⟨47⟩stikku vant-aruḷi kāḷatti-(nāta)ṉai c-cevittu U⟨48⟩ṭaiyavaṟku nū⟨ṟ⟩ṟukkāl maṇṭapamum periya⟨49⟩-kōpuramum kaṭṭivittu Aruḷi ⌈⟨50⟩[.]ai[9+]⟨51⟩[3+] camama[4+]⟨52⟩[11+]

Uṭaiyār tiru-v-aṇṇāma⟨53⟩lai Uṭaiya n¡a!⟨ā⟩yiṉāṟkum nācciyār (U)ṇṇā⟨54⟩mulai-nācciyāṟkum Irāyar kiṣṇa-rāya-mahā⟨55⟩⌉-rāyar taṉmam-āka p-paṇṇuvitta tiru-p⟨56⟩-paṇi

  • Āyira-k-kāl-maṇṭapam
  • Itukku ⟨57⟩ muṉṉ-āka vasantaṉ teṟpai
  • tiru-nā⟨58⟩ḷukku veṭṭiṉa tiru-k-kuḷam
  • y-itukku-t ⟨59⟩ taṇṇi(ṉ) varattu viḻa veṭṭiṉa tiru-ma⟨60⟩lai-tēvi-Ammaṉ camuttiram
  • patiṉ oru ⟨61⟩ nilai-k kōpuram
  • Eḻān tiru-nāḷ maṇ⟨62⟩ṭapam
  • viṉāyakaṉukku-p paṇṇuvitta ⟨63⟩ tiru-t-tēr
  • [5+] (tiru)vīti vāṉa⟨64⟩vataraiyaṉ cōḻaṉ vācal katavu katavu⟨65⟩kāl
  • mēṟ-paṭi Uttama-cōḻaṉ tiru-vā⟨66⟩calkāl katavu
  • mēṟ-paṭi pala-kaṇi-vācal ⟨67⟩ poṉpūciṉatum
  • y-inta vācal muṉ ṉā⟨68⟩kamu(m) pattiramāttiṟ keṭṭi koṭuṅkai⟨69⟩takaṭu poṉpūciṉatum
  • Uṇṇāmulai⟨70⟩-nācciyār-kōyil (ca)ṭai-perumāḷ nayi⟨71⟩ṉār caṉṉatikku mēṟku vācalkāl takavu
  • ⟨72⟩ mēṟ-paṭi veṇkalamum vācal-kāl ka⟨73⟩tavu
  • mēṟ-paṭi poṉpūciṉatum
  • tūvi po⟨74⟩ṉpūciṉatum
  • nācciyār-kōyil maṭa-⟨p⟩-paḷ⟨75⟩ḷi muṉ veṭṭiṉa Ārāvamuta-k-kiṇaṟum
  • ti⟨76⟩ru-v-āparaṇam kiruṣṇa-rāyaṉ patakkam ⟨77⟩ nākāparaṇam poṉniṟ cilai vākupuri
  • ⟨78⟩ Uttar¡i!⟨ī⟩yam
  • y-intiṟa vimāṉam
  • veḷ⟨79⟩ḷi vintikai
  • poṉṉiṉ cēkaṇṭi⟨80⟩kai
  • A(stra)-tēva-nayiṉāṟku veḷḷi-t⟨81⟩takaṭu mucci mēl poṉpūciṉatum
  • ⟨82⟩ tiru-mañ(ca)ṉam (Eṭuk)ka-p paṇṇuvi⟨83⟩tta veḷḷi-k-ku(ṭam)

kiṣṇa-rāya-ma-rā⟨84⟩yar canti y-āka (cantirātitta)-varaiyum ⟨85⟩ naṭakka-k kaṭṭaḷai y-iṭṭa nāḷ Oṉṟu⟨86⟩kku

  • Ūṟ-k-kālāl Arici 6 <kalam>
  • ⟨87⟩ Eṇṇai-k kāppu 2 <nāḻi>
  • paḻam <nāḻi>
  • ⟨88⟩ [10+]
  • ⟨89⟩ kaṟpūram (pala)⟨m⟩ 1/2
  • pu⟨90⟩ḻuku (pala)⟨m⟩ 1/2
  • tiru-ma⟨91⟩ñcaṉam Eṭupp⟨92⟩ār periya tiru-p⟨93⟩-pāṭṭu Otuvār ⟨94⟩ pēr 2
  • tēvaraṭi⟨95⟩yār 6 [2+]
  • ⟨96⟩ A=ttiyayaṉam ⟨97⟩ pēr 2
  • pallak⟨98⟩ku-c cērvai
  • A⟨99⟩tti-Ayaṉa pēr ⟨100⟩ 2

Apparatus

⟨86⟩ Arici 6 <kalam> SII; arici 6 kalam (kalam) S.

⟨87⟩ 2 <nāḻi> SII; 2 patakku (nāḻi) S.

Translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis

(1) Prosperity!

(1–8) The illustrious supreme lord, king of kings among great kings (mahārācāti-irāja-irāca-paramēśvaraṉ), the vanquisher of the three kings (mūvarayar kaṇṭaṉ), the destroyer of the enemy kings (ariya-irāya-vipāṭaṉ), the frightener of the minds of the kings in the eight directions (aṣṭa-tikku-irāya-maṉōpayaṅkaraṉ), the vanquisher of the kings who are not faithfull to their words (pāṣaikkut tappu varāyar kaṇṭaṉ), the lord of the oceans in the east, the south and the west (pūruva-takṣiṇa-paccima-camuttirāticuraṉ), the preceptor who established the kingdom of the Yamunā (yamuṉai-irācciya-sthāpaṉācāriyaṉ), the destroyer of the Kecapati1 (kecapati-vipāṭaṉ), the glorious Vīra Piratāpaṉ, the glorious Vīra Kiṣṇatēvamahārāyar, having graciously appeared in Vicaiyanakaram2;

(9–27) having graciously appeared so that there be (āka) victory in the eastern direction, he took the fort of Utaiyakiri3, he captured Irā-uttarāya-mahāpattiram, he captured at once (oru tāṭi) Attaṅki, Viṉikkoṇṭai, Velaṅkoṇṭai, the fort of Nākāccuṉi, Taṅkeṭakkētavaram, etc., he captured the fort of Koṇṭavīṭu after attacking it , he captured alive (pirāṇavuṭaṉē) the competent chiefs/ministers pāttira-cāmantars Piṟatāparuttiraṉ, Kecapatirāyaṉ, Kumāra Vīrapattirarāyaṉ, Narakaritēvaṉ,4 the son of Kumāra Ammirapāttiraṉ,5 Mallukāṉaṉ6 of Rāccūr, Uttaṇṭakāṉaṉ7, Kacavāpāttiraṉ of Caṉṉiyālam, Pūcalappāṭi Rācirācu, Śrīnātarācu and Ilakṣmipatirācu and Paccima Vālacantira Mahāpāttiram, etc., and gave them a secure position, he graciously performed the tulāpuruṣa-mahādānain the Amarēcuram [temple in] Taraṇikōṭṭam, he then returned and graciously appeared in Vicaiyanakaram8;

(27–43) furthermore (mīḷa), so that there be (āka) victory in the direction of the Kaliṅga country, he graciously appeared in Pacavāṭai, he took the fort of Koṇṭapaḷḷi, in that fort, he captured alive (cīvattuṭaṉē) the pāttirams such Piṟakarāca Ciṟaccantira Mahāpāttiraṉ, […] Mahāpāttiraṉ, Pijilikkāṉaṉ,9 etc., and gave them a secure position, he captured Aṉantakiri, Uṇṭaṟkoṇṭa, Uruḷakkoṇṭa, Aruvappaḷḷi, Callippaḷḷi, Attikkoṇṭa, Kappaluvāyi Nallaṅkoṇṭa, […], Kaṉakakiri, Caṅkarakiri, […], and tiṟamalli, he graciously appeared in Ciṅkāttiri Poṭṭuṉūr and there erected a victory pillar, he returned […] Cimhātti, he graciously appeared in Irācamayēntiṟāvaram, he performed mahādāna [for the sake of] […] his queens Ciṇṇācci Ammaṉ [and] Tirumalaitēvi Ammaṉ, he then graciously appeared in Vicaiyanakaram10.

(43) Prosperity! Fortune!

(43–56) In the year Tātu, in the month of Makara, in the bright fortnight, tirteenth day, a Monday, which currently corresponds with the year 1438 of the victorious and wonderful Cālivākaṉa Cakas,11 he graciouly went to Śrī-Kāḷasti,12 worshipped Kāḷatti-nātaṉ, had graciously a hundred-pillared hall (maṇṭapam) and a big entrance pavillion (kōpuram) built for the Lord, […]

(52–56) The temple sevices that the king Kṛṣṇarāyamahārāyar had made as pious donation (taṉmam-āka) for the Lord, the Lord who owns Tiruvaṇṇāmalai and for his consort Uṇṇāmalai Nācciyār, [are as follows]:

(56–83)

  • a hundred-pillared hall (maṇṭapam),
  • in front of it, ... (vasantaṉ teṟpai),
  • a glorious pond dug for festival time,
  • for this ... the ocean (camuttiram) [named] Tirumalaitēvi Ammaṉ,13
  • an eleven-storied entrance pavillion,
  • ... (tēr),
  • ... (tiruvīti),
  • ... (katavu-kāl),
  • ... (katavu),
  • ... (poṉpūciṉatum),
  • in front of this door, snakes (nākamum),14
  • ... (poṉpūciṉatum),
  • ... (poṉpūciṉatum),
  • ... (tūvi poṉpūciṉatum),
  • ... (kiṇarum),
  • ... (nākāparaṇam),
  • ... (vākupuri),
  • ... (uttarīyam),
  • ... (vimāṉam),
  • ... (vintikai),
  • ... (cēkaṇṭikai),
  • ... (poṉpūciṉatum),
  • a silver pot(veḷḷikkuṭam) ...

(83–100) So that there be a canti [named] Kiṣṇarāyamahārāyar, so that this proceeds as long as the moon and the sun, per day when endowment is given, [provisions are as follows]:

  • 6 kalams of rice [measured according to] the village stone,15,
  • 2 nāḻis ... [for] oil,16
  • 2 nāḻis [for] fruits,
  • […]
  • 1/2 palam [for] camphor,
  • 1/2 palam [for] civet/musk,
  • 2 persons who undertake the sacred bath and who recite the great sacred poems (periya tiruppāṭṭu),17
  • 6 tēvaraṭiyārs,
  • 2 persons [for] recitation (attiyāyaṉam),18
  • 2 persons [for] recitation (attiyāyaṉam) [during] service of the palanquin.

Commentary

According to Srinivasan and Reiniche 1990, the slab bearing this inscription has been lost.

Bibliography

Reported in Hultzsch 1903 (ARIE/1902-1903/A/1902/573).

Edited in Subrahmanya Aiyer 1937 (SII 8.165). Edited and translated in Srinivasan and Reiniche 1990 (TVM 388).

This digital edition by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on Venkatasubba Ayyar 1943. This translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024).

Primary

[SII] Subrahmanya Aiyer, K.V. 1937. South-Indian inscriptions (texts). Volume VIII: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada countries. South Indian Inscriptions 7. Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Manager of Publications). Pages 74–76, item 165.

[S] Srinivasan, Pullur Ramasubrahmanya and Marie-Louise Reiniche. 1990. Tiruvannamalai: A Śaiva sacred complex of South India. Vol. 1: Inscriptions. Publications de l'Institut français d'Indologie 75. 2 vols. Pondichéry: Institut français de Pondichéry. [URL]. Pages 479–482, item 388.

Secondary

[SII] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1903. G.O., etc., Nos. 655-656, 24th July 1903. Epigraphy. Passing orders on the annual report on – for 1902-1903. Copy to the Government of India, Department of Revenue and Agriculture. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department. Page 14, appendix A/1902, item 573.

Notes

  1. 1. Gajapati.
  2. 2. Vijayanagara.
  3. 3. Udayagiri.
  4. 4. Naraharideva.
  5. 5. Hammirabhādra.
  6. 6. Malluk Khān.
  7. 7. Uttaṇṭa Khān.
  8. 8. Vijayanagara.
  9. 9. Pijili Khān.
  10. 10. Vijayanagara.
  11. 11. Srinivasan and Reiniche 1990: “January 5, 1517”.
  12. 12. Śrīkālahasti.
  13. 13. A big tank called as such, according to Srinivasan and Reiniche 1990.
  14. 14. Srinivasan and Reiniche 1990: “nāka design for the front of this door”.
  15. 15. A standard mesure.
  16. 16. Srinivasan and Reiniche 1990: “oil for oil-bath”.
  17. 17. Srinivasan and Reiniche 1990: “perhaps the ⟨T⟩ēvāram.”
  18. 18. Srinivasan and Reiniche 1990: “the chanting of the V⟨e⟩da.”