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                <title>Tiruvāmāttūr, Apirāmīcuvarar/Abhirāmeśvara, time of Rājakesarivarman Kulottuṅga  Cōḻa, year 2</title>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp key="creator">author of digital edition</resp>
                    <persName ref="part:reda">
                        <forename>Renato</forename>
                        <surname>Dávalos</surname>
                    </persName>
                    <persName ref="part:emfr">
                        <forename>Emmanuel</forename>
                        <surname>Francis</surname>
                    </persName>
                </respStmt>		                
            <funder>European Research Council (ERC), grant agreement no 809994</funder></titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt>
                <authority><ref target="https://dharmalekha.info">DHARMA</ref></authority>
                <pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>
                <idno type="filename">DHARMA_INStfaSIIv08p0i0749.xml</idno>
                <availability><licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">CC BY-SA 4.0</licence></availability>
                <date from="2019" to="2026">2019-2026</date>
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                    <msIdentifier><repository>as per external metadata</repository></msIdentifier>
                    <msContents>
                        <summary>Grant of land rights (<foreign>kāṇi</foreign>) by royal order <foreign>tirumukam</foreign> to Rājarājappiccaṉ and his relatives to daily sing holy hymns (<foreign>tiruppatiyam</foreign>). It seems that Rājarāja Piccaṉ and one of his relative join a group of 16 blind men, who were already in charge of singing hymns.					
                        </summary>
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            <div type="edition" xml:lang="tam-Latn" rendition="class:tamil maturity:83215">
                
                <ab>
                    <lb n="1"/><hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi>
                </ab>
                
                <lg n="1" met="āciriyappā">
                    <l n="1">pū mēvu vaḷara tiru-p po<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> mār<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>p</reg></choice>u puṇara</l>
                    <l n="2">nā mēvu kalaimakaḷ nilam peritu ciṟappa</l>
                    <l n="3">vi<supplied reason="lost">c</supplied>aiya-māmakaḷ <unclear>ta</unclear><choice><orig><unclear>ṉṉ</unclear></orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> <unclear>iru</unclear>-puyatt' iruppa</l>
                    <l n="4">Icai<lb n="2" break="no"/>yiṉ celvi Eṇṭicai viḷaṅka</l>
                    <l n="5">niruparvan tiṟaiñca nīṇila-maṭantaiy<unclear>ai</unclear>-t</l>
                    <l n="6">tirumaṇam puṇarntu cirvaḷar <lb n="3" break="no"/>taru</l>
                    <l n="7">maṇi-muṭi kavitta<choice><orig>nn</orig><reg>ṉṉ</reg></choice> Aṇi-muṭi cūṭi</l>
                    <l n="8">mallai-ñāla<unclear>ttu</unclear>-p pa<choice><orig>ll</orig><reg>l</reg></choice>-uyir<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied>k' ellām</l>
                    <l n="9">Ellaiyil iṉpam y-iyalvi<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>i<choice><orig>ll</orig><reg>l</reg></choice> e<lb n="4" break="no"/>yta</l>
                    <l n="10">veṇ-kuṭai niḻaṟṟa-c ceṅkol ōcci</l>
                    <l n="11">vāḻi pa<choice><orig>ll</orig><reg>l</reg></choice>-ūḻi A<gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character"/>ppa</l>
                    <l n="13">cempo<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> v<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice><supplied reason="omitted">ra</supplied>-<hi rend="grantha">siṁhāsa</hi><choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>attu</l>
                    <l n="14">puva<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>amuḻut-uṭaiyā<lb n="5" break="no"/>ḷoṭum v<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ṟṟirun</l>
                    <l n="15">taruḷiya</l> 
                </lg>
                
                <p>	  	
                    kō-v-irā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>-kēcari-pa<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>mar-ā<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>a tiri-puva<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>a-cakkara-varttikaḷ <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-k<choice><sic>o</sic><corr>u</corr></choice>lōttuṅka-cōḻa-tēvaṟku Iyāṇtu Iraṇ
                    <lb n="6" break="no"/>ṭ-āvatu 
                </p>
                
                <p>	
                    I<hi rend="grantha">rājarāja</hi>-vaḷa-nāṭṭu-p paṉaiyūr-nāṭṭu vāvalūr-nāṭṭu-t tēvatāṉam tiruvāmāttūr Āḷuṭaiya <unclear>A</unclear>ḻakiya tēvar
                    <lb n="7"/>kōyilil tiru-p-patiyam pāṭivarum kuruṭa<unclear>r</unclear>kaḷai tavi<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>ttu nam tēvārattu tiru-p-patiyam pāṭum poyyāta cēvaṭi tēva-kaṇāta<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>-ā<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>a
                    <lb n="8"/>Irā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi><unclear>rā</unclear><hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>-p-piccaṉukkum Iva<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> vaṟkattārkkum Ik-kōyiṟ tiru-p-patiya-k-kāṇi-y-ā<unclear>ṉ</unclear>a Ivv-ūr mutal-kāṇi-y-āka kuṭuttōm
                </p>
                
                <p>				
                    <lb n="9"/>Iva<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> vaṟkattāraiyumē-y Iṭṭu-t tiru-p-patiyam pāṭu-vittu-k koṇṭu muṉpil āṇṭukaḷ kuruṭa<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>kaḷukku viṭṭu varum nivanta
                    <lb n="10" break="no"/>-p-paṭi Ivarkaḷukkum viṭṭu-k kalveṭṭuka-v enṟu tiruvāymoḻintu tirumukam pira<hi rend="grantha">sā</hi>tañ ceytu vantamaiyi<choice><sic>ṟ</sic><corr>ṉ</corr></choice>		
                    I<unclear>k-kuruṭa</unclear>r <lb n="11" break="no"/>kaḷ muṉpil āṇṭukaḷ A<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>upavattiṉ paṭi pāṭi varuṅ kuruṭa<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>kaḷ pēr pati<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>aṟuvarum Ivarkaḷukku kaṇkāṭṭuvār Iruvarum Ā
                    <lb n="12" break="no"/>ka-p pēr pati<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>eṇmarkku pērāl nellu patakk' āka nāḷ oṉṟukku nellu mu-k-kalam āka nāḷ mu<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>ṉūṟṟ' aṟupatukku nellu Āyi
                    <lb n="13" break="no"/>ratt' eṇpatiṉ kalamum puṭavai-mutalukku pērāl kācu Oṉṟ' āka kācu pati<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>eṭṭukku kācu Oṉṟukku nellu Irupati<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> kalam āka va
                    <lb n="14" break="no"/>nta nellu Āyirattu nānūṟṟu nāṟpatiṉ kalattukku vēli Oṉṟukku nellu nūṟṟ' iru	
                    <lb n="15" break="no"/>patiṉ kalam āka It-tēvar tēvatānam kaṭuva<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>ūril viṭṭa nilam pa<choice><orig>nn</orig><reg>ṉṉ</reg></choice>iru vēli
                </p>
                
                <p>	
                    In-nilam pa<choice><orig>nn</orig><reg>ṉṉ</reg></choice>iru vēliyum kāṇiyāka 
                    Ivv-ūr nila	
                    <lb n="16" break="no"/>ṅ kalanta paṭiyē kai-k koṇṭu It-tiru-p-patiyam pāṭuvār pēr pati<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>eṇmarum muṉṟu <hi rend="grantha">sa</hi>ntiyum vantu tiru-p-patiyam	
                    <lb n="17"/>viṇṇappañ ceytu mu<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>pil āṇṭukaḷ Ik-kuruṭa<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>kaḷ nilaṅ kai-k koṇṭu ceytu varum paṭiyē It-tiru-p-patiyam	
                    <lb n="18"/>viṇṇappañ ceyvārum ceytu vara-k-kaṭavarkaḷ āka Ip-poyyāta cēvaṭi tēvar kaṇāta<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>-ā<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>a rā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>rā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>-p-piccaṉukkum Iva<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> vaṟ	
                    <lb n="19" break="no"/><unclear>kattārkkuṅ kāṇiyāka kuṭuttōm</unclear>
                </p>	
            </div>
            
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            <div type="translation" resp="part:reda part:emfr">
                
                <ab n="1">
                    Prosperity! Fortune!
                </ab>
                
                <p n="1-5">
                    [<foreign>meykkīrtti</foreign> of Kulōttuṅga II Cōḻa]
                </p>
                
                <p n="5-6">
                    Second year of the glorious Cōḻa king Kulōttuṅga, emperor of the three worlds, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> the king Rājakesarivarman.
                </p>
                
                <p n="6-8">
                    After dicontinuing <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tavi<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>ttu</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">the arrangement concerning</supplied> the blind people <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kuruṭar-kaḷ-ai</foreign></supplied> who utter <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pāṭivar</foreign></supplied> the holy hymns in the temple of <supplied reason="subaudible">god</supplied> Āḷuṭaiya Aḻakiyatēvar <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> Tiruvāmāttūr, <supplied reason="subaudible">which is</supplied> a <foreign>tēvatāṉam</foreign>  <supplied reason="subaudible">located</supplied> in Vāvalūr-nāṭu <supplied reason="subaudible">a subdivision of</supplied> Paṉaiyūr-nāṭu <supplied reason="subaudible">a subdivision of</supplied> Irājarāja-vaḷa-nātu,
                    we have given — as <gap reason="ellipsis"/> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mutal</foreign></supplied> land rights <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāṇi-y-āka</foreign></supplied> in this village, which are the land rights <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāṇi</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">for the recitation</supplied> of holy hymns <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruppatiyam</foreign></supplied> in this temple —
                    to Rājarājappiccaṉ, <foreign>alias</foreign> Poyyāta Cēvaṭi Tēvakaṉātaṉ, and his relatives <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vaṟkattār</foreign></supplied>,
                    who sing the holy hymns <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruppatiyam</foreign></supplied> in our <foreign>tēvāram</foreign><note>Note on the meaning of this term in this context.</note>.
                </p>
                
                <p n="9-15">
                    Since it happened <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vantaimaiyil</foreign><note>Literally, "in the coming of."</note></supplied> that he<note>That is, the ruling king.</note> made the grace <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pira<hi rend="grantha">sā</hi>tañ ceytu</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> a royal order, gracefully proclaiming that:
                    <quote>Let it be written on stone that,
                        having appointed <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iṭṭu</foreign><note>Literally, "having put."</note></supplied> his relatives,
                        it is given <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṭṭu</foreign><note>Literally, "leaving."</note></supplied> to them,
                        according to the agreement <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nivanta-p paṭi</foreign></supplied>, which gives <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṭṭu</foreign><note>Literally, "leaving."</note></supplied> to blind men in previous years, having them singing holy hymns <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruppatiyam</foreign></supplied></quote>,
                    <list>
                        <item>so that there be sixteen persons, <supplied reason="subaudible">that is</supplied>, the blind men who <supplied reason="subaudible">used to</supplied> come singing according to what these blind enjoyed in the previous years, and two persons <supplied reason="subaudible">as</supplied> supervisors <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaṇkāṭṭuvār</foreign><note>See MTL, s.v. <foreign>kaṇ-kāṭṭuvāṉ</foreign>, n., "one who leads the blind," referring to this very inscription.</note></supplied> to them,</item>
                        <item>so that there be a <foreign>patakku</foreign><note>That is, 2 <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign>s.</note> for the sake of <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pērāl</foreign><note>Literally, "in the name of."</note></supplied> eighteen persons,</item>
                        <item>so that there be three <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of paddy per day,</item>
                    </list>
                    
                    <supplied reason="subaudible">there are</supplied> one thousand eighty <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of paddy for three hundred sixty days,		
                    <list>
                        <item>so that there be one gold coin for the sake of <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pērāl</foreign><note>Literally, "in the name of."</note></supplied> capital for clothes <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>puṭavai-mutal</foreign></supplied>,</item>
                        <item>so that there be twenty <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of paddy for one gold coin, <supplied reason="subaudible">that is</supplied>, for <supplied reason="subaudible">a total of</supplied> eighteen gold coins,</item>
                        <item>so that there be one hundred twenty <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of paddy per <foreign>vēli</foreign> for one thousand four hundred pots of paddy which comes <supplied reason="subaudible">as such</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vanta</foreign></supplied>,</item>
                    </list>
                    
                    <supplied reason="subaudible">there are</supplied> twelve <foreign>vēli</foreign>s of land given in Kaṭuvaṉūr, <supplied reason="subaudible">which is</supplied> a <foreign>devadāna</foreign> of this god.
                </p>
                
                <p n="15-19">
                    So that there be these twelve <foreign>vēlis</foreign> of land,
                    so that they become the ones who have to come <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ceytu vara kaṭavarkaḷ</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">as</supplied> those who do recitation <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṇṇappam ceyvār</foreign></supplied> of these holy hymns <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>it-tiruppatiyam</foreign></supplied>,
                    in a manner that eighteen persons, singers of this <foreign>tiruppatiyam</foreign> come,
                    having taken in hands according to the way land of this village is distributed (?) <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kalanta</foreign></supplied>	,	
                    coming for three <foreign>saṁdhyā</foreign>s,
                    having taken in hands the land of these blind men of the previous years, who <supplied reason="subaudible">used to</supplied> do the recitation of <foreign>tiruppatiyam</foreign>
                    we have given as land rights <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāṇi</foreign></supplied> to Rājarājappiccaṉ, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> this Poyyāta Cēvaṭi Tēvar, and his relatives.		
                </p>
            </div>
            
            <!--<div type="commentary">
                
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            <div type="bibliography">
                
                <p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1903-1904"/></bibl> (ARIE/1903-1904/A/1903/433).</p>
                
                <p>
                    Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1937_01"/></bibl> (SII 8.749).
                    Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Civanantam2021_01"/></bibl>.
                </p>
                
                <p>This digital edition by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis, based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1937_01"/></bibl>. This translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024).</p>
                
                <listBibl type="primary">
                    
                    <bibl n="SII">
                        <ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1937_01"/>
                        <citedRange unit="page">381</citedRange>
                        <citedRange unit="item">749</citedRange>
                    </bibl>
                    
                    <bibl n="C">
                        <ptr target="bib:Civanantam2021_01"/>
                        <citedRange unit="page">164-165</citedRange>
                        <citedRange unit="item">461/2021</citedRange>
                    </bibl>
                    
                </listBibl>
                
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                    <bibl>
                        <ptr target="bib:ARIE1903-1904"/>
                        <citedRange unit="page">29</citedRange>
                        <citedRange unit="appendix">A/1903</citedRange>
                        <citedRange unit="item">433</citedRange>
                    </bibl>
                    
                    <bibl>
                        <ptr target="bib:Orr2000_01"/>
                        <citedRange unit="page">TBC</citedRange>
                    </bibl>
                    
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