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                <title>Tiruvāvaṭutuṟai, Gomuktīśvara temple, time of Kulottuṅga Cōḻa, year 41</title>
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                        <forename>Emmanuel</forename>
                        <surname>Francis</surname>
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            <funder>European Research Council (ERC), grant agreement no 809994</funder></titleStmt>
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                <authority><ref target="https://dharmalekha.info">DHARMA</ref></authority>
                <pubPlace>Aubervilliers</pubPlace>
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                <availability><licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">CC BY-SA 4.0</licence></availability>
                <date from="2019" to="2026">2019-2026</date>
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                        <summary>Land donation, that is, remission of taxes by provision of gold for tax payment obtained from Caṇḍeśvara, by the members of the assembly of Apaiyā<hi rend="grantha">śra</hi>ya-c-catu<hi rend="grantha">rvve</hi>ti-maṅkalam as <foreign>maṭappuṟam</foreign> for the <foreign>maṭha</foreign> named Nāṟppatteṇṇāyiram.</summary>
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            <div type="edition" xml:lang="tam-Latn" rendition="class:tamil maturity:83215">
                
                <ab>
                    <lb n="1"/><g ref="sym:tam-pillaiyarCuli" type="ideogram">@</g> <g ref="sym:doubleBar" type="punctuation">.</g> <hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi>
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                <p>
                    kulōttuṅka-cōḻa-tēva<supplied reason="lost">rkku</supplied> yāṇṭu <num value="41">4 <g type="numeral">10</g> 1</num>-Āvatu I<hi rend="grantha">ṣa</hi>pa-nāya<supplied reason="lost">ṟṟu</supplied> <hi rend="grantha">pūrvva</hi>-pa<hi rend="grantha">kṣa</hi>ttu catuṟ<hi rend="grantha">da</hi>ciyum puta<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>-kiḻa<supplied reason="lost">mai</supplied>yum peṟṟa pu<supplied reason="lost">ṉar</supplied>pūcatti<reg>ṉ</reg> nāṉṟu
                </p>
                <p>
                    Uy<supplied reason="lost">ya-k</supplied>-koṇṭ<unclear>ār</unclear>-vaḷanāṭṭu t<unclear>i</unclear><supplied reason="lost">r</supplied>ai<supplied reason="lost">m<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice></supplied>-nāṭṭu Apaiyā<hi rend="grantha">śr<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice></hi>ya-<supplied reason="lost">c-ca</supplied>tu<hi rend="grantha"><reg>r</reg>vve</hi>ti-maṅkalattu peruṅ-kuṟi-<hi rend="grantha">mahā-sabhai</hi><unclear>y</unclear>ō<unclear>mu</unclear>
                    <gap reason="lost" quantity="10" unit="character" precision="low"/>
                    <unclear>kōyili</unclear>l<unclear>ē</unclear>-k kūṭ<unclear>ṭa</unclear>m kuṟai v-aṟa-<unclear>k</unclear> [ku]<unclear>ṭi</unclear> y-irun=tu Uṭaiyār tiru-<supplied reason="lost">v</supplied>-ā<supplied reason="lost">va</supplied><unclear>ṭu</unclear>tuṟ<unclear>ai</unclear>
                    <gap reason="lost" quantity="4" unit="character" precision="low"/>
                    <supplied reason="lost">mū</supplied>
                    <lb n="2" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">la</supplied><hi rend="grantha">bhr̥tya</hi>r-ākiya Āti-caṇṭē<hi rend="grantha">śva</hi>ra-tēvarkk<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>u</reg></choice> nāṅka<supplied reason="lost">ḷ</supplied>
                    ...
                    <lb n="3"/>...
                    <lb n="4"/>...
                    <lb n="5"/>...
                </p>
                <p>
                    ...
                    nāṟppatt-eṇṇāyira-<supplied reason="lost">maṭa</supplied>ttukku maṭa-p-puṟam āka
                    can=tirātittavaṟ Iṟai-y-ili y-āka-k
                    <unclear>ka</unclear>llilum cempilum veṭṭi-k koḷḷa-p peṟuvar āka<unclear>vu</unclear><supplied reason="lost">m</supplied>
                </p>
                
                <p>
                    <supplied reason="lost">I</supplied>ṟai-y-ili ceytu kuṭuttōm Uṭaiyār t<supplied reason="lost">iru</supplied>-v-ā<supplied reason="lost">vaṭu-tuṟai</supplied>
                    <lb n="6"/><supplied reason="lost">U</supplied>ṭaiyār m<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice>la-bhr̥tyar-ākiya Āti-caṇṭēśvara-<unclear>tēvaṟ</unclear>kku <gap reason="lost" quantity="15" unit="character" precision="low"/>
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            <div type="translation" resp="part:emfr">
                
                
                <p n="1">
                    Prosperity! Fortune!
                </p>
                
                <p n="1">
                    41st year of the king Kulottuṅga Cōḻa, day of Puṉarpūcam, which coincides with Wednesday, 14th day, first forthnight, month of r̥ṣabha.
                </p>
                
                <p n="1-2">
                    We, the members of the great assembly of Abhaiyāśrayacaturvedimaṅgala, in the Tiraimūrnāṭu, in the Uyyakkoṇṭārvaḷanātu, 
                    sitting in assembly, 
                    ...,
                    in the temple
                    ...,
                    for the god Āti-caṇṭēśvara<note>Sanskrit Ādi-caṇḍeśvara.</note>,
                    we ... 
                </p>
                
                <p n="2-3">
                    Whereas <supplied reason="subaudible">the boundaries</supplied> for the land 
                    ...
                    that we gave are <supplied reason="subaudible">as follows</supplied>:
                    
                    <list>			
                        <item>
                            the eastern boundary is to the west of the land ...;
                        </item>
                        
                        <item>
                            the southern boundary is to the north of the land ...;
                        </item>
                        
                        <item>
                            the western boundary is to the east of the land ...;
                        </item>
                        
                        <item>
                            the northern boundary is to the south of the land ...;
                        </item>
                    </list>
                    
                    the land comprised within these four great boundaries described as such <supplied reason="subaudible">is</supplied> one hundred <foreign>kuḻi</foreign>s.
                    
                </p>
                
                <p n="3-5">...</p>
                
                <p n="5">
                    So that there be a <foreign>maṭappuṟam</foreign> for the <foreign>maṭha</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">named</supplied> Nāṟppatteṇṇāyiram<note>See <bibl><ptr target="bib:Karashima+al2010_01"/></bibl> (p. 228): <quote>In Tiruvaduturai and Tiruvisalur inscriptions [fn. 96: ARE 1925–150: Tj, 1112; SII, xxiii–47: Tj, 1200] <foreign>maṭha</foreign>s are named after the 48,000 people, indicating that they were established by the Veḷḷāḷas. In a Tiruvilimilalai inscription [fn. 97: ARE 1908–411: Tj, 1284.] a person, perhaps the <foreign>maṭhapati</foreign>, is called <foreign>nārppateṇṇāyira</foreign> (48,000) <foreign>piḷḷai</foreign>.</quote><!--On the Nāṟppatteṇṇāyiram lineage of <foreign>ācārya</fo>s, see Swamy 1972, p. 118 + probably Swamy 1975, Golaki School--></note> and so that it be tax-free as long as the moon and the sun, they should obtain to engrave <supplied reason="subaudible">this agreement</supplied> on stone and copper.       
                </p>
                
                <p n="5-6">...</p>
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            <div type="bibliography">
                
                <p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1924-1925"/></bibl> (ARIE/1924-1925/B/1925/150).</p>
                <p>This edition by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on photos (EFEO, 2006) and autopsy.</p>	
                <p>ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.</p>    
                
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                    <bibl>
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