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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Tirukkaṭavūr copper plate, Śaka year 1578</title>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp key="creator">author of digital edition</resp>
                    <persName ref="part:emfr">
                        <forename>Emmanuel</forename>
                        <surname>Francis</surname>
                    </persName>
                </respStmt>
            <funder>European Research Council (ERC), grant agreement no 809994</funder></titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt>
                <authority><ref target="https://dharmalekha.info">DHARMA</ref></authority>
                <pubPlace>Paris, CEIAS</pubPlace>
                <idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00200.xml</idno>
                <availability><licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">CC BY-SA 4.0</licence></availability>
                <date from="2019" to="2026">2019-2026</date>
            </publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <msDesc>
                    <msIdentifier><repository>as per external metadata</repository></msIdentifier>
                    <msContents>
                        <summary>Gift of lands after sale for a flower garden for the god(s) of the temple of Tirukkaṭavūr by the local artisan community (<foreign>aiñ-cāti-pañcalattār</foreign>).</summary>
                    </msContents>
                    <physDesc>
                        <handDesc>
                            <p>Conjunct double <foreign>kāl</foreign> for <foreign>rā</foreign>, <foreign>ār</foreign>, <foreign>āra</foreign>.</p>
                        </handDesc>
                    </physDesc>
                </msDesc>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
        <encodingDesc>
         <p>Encoded in TEI/EpiDoc according to the <ref target="https://hal.science/halshs-02888186">DHARMA Encoding Guide for Documentary Editions, version 2</ref></p>
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        <revisionDesc>
            <change who="part:emfr" when="2024-04-19" status="draft">Creation of the file</change>
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        <body>
            
            <div type="edition" xml:lang="tam-Latn" rendition="class:tamil maturity:83215"><!--check script; change if Grantha in Tamil portion-->
                
                <div type="textpart" subtype="zone" n="A">
                    <head xml:lang="eng">Verso of the plate</head>
                    
                    <ab>
                        <pb n="1v"/>
                        <lb n="1"/><g ref="sym:tam-pillaiyarCuli" type="ideogram">@</g> <hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi>
                    </ab>
                    
                    <p>
                        samasta-loka-tribhuvana-bhavana-<gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        <lb n="2"/><gap reason="ellipsis"/> śāstra-purāṇa-Itihāsa-<gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        <lb n="3"/><gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        <lb n="4"/><gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        <lb n="5"/><gap reason="ellipsis"/>		
                        <lb n="6"/><gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        <lb n="7"/><gap reason="ellipsis"/> ceṉmapattiṟikā <g ref="sym:tam-pillaiyarCuli" type="punctuation">.</g>
                    </p>
                    
                    <ab>
                        <lb n="1"/><hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi>
                    </ab>
                    
                    <p>
                        cā<supplied reason="lost">li</supplied>
                        <lb n="8" break="no"/>vākaṉa-ca<choice><sic>t</sic><corr>k</corr></choice>ā<choice><orig>ṟṟ</orig><reg>tt</reg></choice>am <g ref="sym:tam-pillaiyarCuli" type="ideogram">@</g> <num value="1578"><g type="numeral">1000</g> 5 <g type="numeral">100</g> 7 <g type="numeral">10</g> 8</num>-<unclear>U</unclear>k-ku m<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ē</corr></choice>l cellā ni<supplied reason="lost">ṉṟa</supplied>
                        <lb n="9"/>pā<choice><orig>ṟt</orig><reg>rtt</reg></choice>i<choice><sic>y</sic><corr>v</corr></choice>a <g ref="sym:tam-varusam"/> Āṭi <g ref="sym:tam-matam"/> 5 <g ref="sym:tam-teti"/>
                    </p>
                    <p>
                        Atikamāṉ tañcāv<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice>r <choice><orig>A</orig><reg>Ai</reg></choice>ñ-cāti-pāñc<supplied reason="lost">āḷa</supplied>
                        <lb n="10" break="no"/>t=tā=r Eḻupat=tu ṉālu Ākaraṇat=tārum <gap reason="ellipsis"/> ti<supplied reason="lost">ru-k-ka</supplied>
                        <lb n="11" break="no"/>ṭavūr Amuṟta-kaṭa-y-īcupara Apir=āmi Ammaṉ kāla-caṅkā=ra-m<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice>ṟ<supplied reason="lost">t=ti</supplied> <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>
                        <lb n="12" break="no"/>ṉ atilum taṟmam vēṇum v-eṉṟu
                        
                        Apiḻe-k=-kaṭṭaḷai-tampir=āṉ Avar <gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/>
                        <lb n="13"/>caṉṉati-tāṉat=tilum Uḷḷūr piḷḷai mukatāvilum
                        
                        nilam 
                        
                        <list>
                            <item>koḷamu <gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/>
                                <lb n="14"/>kek=ku vītiyil kiḻakk’ oṭik=ki vaṭa-piṟat=til kiḻak=ku mēṟk=ku Aṭi <num value="100"><g type="numeral">100</g></num> <supplied reason="lost">t</supplied>e<supplied reason="lost">k=ku</supplied>
                                <lb n="15"/>vaṭak=ku Aṭi <num value="120"><g type="numeral">100</g> 2 <g type="numeral">10</g></num>-k=ku vilai-kiṟakam <g ref="sym:tam-kacu"/> <num value="36">3 <g type="numeral">10</g> 6</num></item>
                            
                            <item><choice><orig>ṉ</orig><reg>n</reg></choice>antavāṉam kuḷam Uḷ <unclear>maṭa</unclear>
                                <lb n="16"/>kiḻak=ku mēṟk=ku Aṭi <num value="280">2 <g type="numeral">100</g> 8 <g type="numeral">10</g></num> tek=ku vaṭak=ku Aṭi <num value="170"><g type="numeral">100</g> 7 <g type="numeral">10</g> </num>-k=ku vilai-k=-kiṟakam <g ref="sym:tam-kacu"/>
                                <lb n="17"/><num value="28"> 2 <g type="numeral">10</g> 8</num></item></list>
                    </p>
                    
                    <p>
                        
                        y-in=ta paṭi tiru-k=-kaṭav<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>ril y-iruk=kum <choice><orig>Añc</orig><reg>Aint</reg></choice>u-cāti-pañcāḷat=t<unclear>ĀR</unclear>
                        <lb n="18"/>nilam vāṅki
                        
                        maṭam maṇṭakam Ak=ka-cālai-piḷḷaiyā=r kōvil kaṭṭi
                        
                        <lb n="19"/><choice><orig>ṉ</orig><reg>n</reg></choice>anta-vāṉamum niṟa-vēṟ<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>i</reg></choice>ṉatu y-ituk=ku 
                    </p>
                    <p>
                        <choice><sic>A</sic><corr>E</corr></choice>ṇpat=taṟu tēcat=til Uḷḷa <choice><orig><unclear>A</unclear></orig><reg>Ai</reg></choice>
                        <lb n="20" break="no"/><choice><orig>ñc</orig><reg>nt</reg></choice>u-cāti-pañcāḷat=tārum Eḻupat=tu ṉālum Ākaraṇat=tāruk=kuṅ k<choice><unclear>iṟ</unclear><unclear>īa</unclear></choice>ṟt=ti <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>&gt;
                        <lb n="21" break="no"/>pavaṉum Uṇṭ-āka vēṇu<choice><orig>mm</orig><reg>m</reg></choice> e<choice><sic>ṇ</sic><corr>ṉ</corr></choice>ṟu 
                        
                        kaṭṭaḷai-y-iṭṭa taṟmam parip<supplied reason="lost">ā</supplied>
                        <lb n="21" break="no"/>laṉam paṇṇa nāni Āṭiyapāta-paṇṭā=rattai vaiyit=tu
                        
                        Avar kai<supplied reason="lost">yi</supplied>
                        <lb n="23" break="no"/>lē tāmpūra-cātiṉ paṭṭaiyamum kuṭut=tu
                        
                        makā-maṭat=tilē mācam paṉi <seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>e</seg>
                        <lb n="24" break="no"/>ṇṭu pēruk=kum
                        yecupara-pūcaiyum <choice><sic>ṉ</sic><corr>n</corr></choice>antavāṉa-paṇiviṭaiyu=M paṇṇ<supplied reason="lost">i
                        </supplied>		
                        <lb n="25" break="no"/>k koṇṭu yiruk=k<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>i</reg></choice>ṟatu y-ituk=ku
                    </p>
                    
                    <p>
                        kaliyāṇaṭ=tuk=ku puka cavuṉap pāruvai
                        <lb n="26" break="no"/>k=ki puṉā kuṭik=ki varuṣaṭ=tuk=ku puka kaṉṉār kaṭai paṭik=ki puṉāmum kuṭut=tu 
                        
                        can=ti
                        <lb n="27" break="no"/>r=āṉ curiyāṉ Uḷḷa varaikkum kuṭut=tu 
                        naṭappik=ka vēṇṭiyatu
                    </p>
                    
                    <p>
                        y-in=ta ta
                        <lb n="28" break="no"/>ṟumat=tuk=ku vekumāṉam paṇṇi naṭappicca yōkaḷḷuk=ku taṉ māt
                        <lb n="29" break="no"/>ā-pitā-ku<unclear>ru</unclear>vaiyu=m leṣit=ta-puṇṇiyat=tilum citamparat=til capaiyi
                        <lb n="30" break="no"/>l civan=ta pātamum civakāmi Ammaṉaiyu=M terucaṉam paṇṇiṉa pala
                        <lb n="31" break="no"/>ṉ peṟuvā=rkaḷ Amuṟta-kaṭa-y-īcupara Apir=āmi Ammaṉ kāla-caṅk
                        <lb n="32" break="no"/>ā<!--Check: a or ā?-->ra-mū<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>t=tiyu=M terucaṉam paṇṇiṉa palaṉ peṟuvāṟkaḷ māṟk=kaṇṭa
                        <lb n="33" break="no"/>ṉ peṟu pe<choice><orig>t=t</orig><reg>ṟṟ</reg></choice>a palaṉ peṟuvāṟkaḷ
                    </p>
                    
                    <p>
                        y-inta taṟuma<surplus>pa</surplus>t=tuk=ku yātām Oru
                        <lb n="34" break="no"/>va<choice><sic>ra</sic><corr>r</corr></choice> Akitam paṇṇiṉa pērkaḷ keṅkai-k=-karaiyilē kāR-Ām-pacu-
                        <lb n="35" break="no"/>vai koṇṇa tōṣat=til pōvāṟkaḷ mātā-pitā-ku[ru]<!--update-->vaiyum
                        <lb n="36" break="no"/>koṇṇa tōṣat=til pōvāṟkaḷ ākavum <g ref="sym:tam-pillaiyarCuli" type="punctuation">.</g>		
                    </p>
                    
                    <p>
                        vilai <gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        <lb n="37"/><gap reason="ellipsis"/> <g ref="sym:tam-pillaiyarCuli" type="punctuation">.</g>
                    </p>
                    
                    <p>
                        Uḷḷūril Arucāla-Uk=ki <gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/>
                        <lb n="38"/>y-ic-cāla-piḷḷaiyāruk=ku <g ref="sym:tam-panam"/> <g ref="sym:tam-pillaiyarCuli" type="punctuation">.</g>
                    </p>
                    
                </div>
                
                <div type="textpart" subtype="zone" n="B">
                    <head xml:lang="eng">Label on recto of the plate</head>
                    
                    <p>
                        <pb n="1r"/>
                        <lb n="1"/>matu kē<choice><sic>k</sic><corr>kk</corr></choice>a
                        <lb n="2" break="no"/>vum		
                    </p>
                </div>
                
            </div>
            
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            <div type="translation" resp="part:emfr">
                
                <div type="textpart" subtype="zone" n="A">
                    <head xml:lang="eng">Verso of the plate</head>
                    
                    <p n="1">Prosperity! Fortune!</p>
                    
                    <p n="2-7"><gap reason="ellipsis"/></p>
                    
                    <p n="7">Prosperity! Fortune!</p>      		
                    
                    <p n="7-9">Date 5, Āṭi month, Pārthiva <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pāṟtiya</foreign><note>That is, <foreign>pārttiva</foreign>, Sanskrit <foreign>pārthiva</foreign>, the 19th year of Jovian 60-year cycle.</note></supplied> year, which was current upon Śālivāhana-Śaka year 1578.</p>      		
                    
                    <p n="9-17">
                        
                        The artisans of the five castes of Tāñcavūr of the Atikamāṇs (?) and the seventy-four <foreign>ākaraṇattār</foreign>
                        <gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        having said that
                        there should be a pious donation
                        for Amirtakaṭēśvara Abhirāmi Ammaṉ Kālasaṁhāramūrti in Tirukaṭavūr,
                        
                        in the holy presence of <gap reason="ellipsis"/> Kaṭṭaḷai Tampirāṉ and in the presence of Uḷḷūr Piḷḷai,
                        
                        the land <supplied reason="subaudible">that has been bought and given is as follows</supplied>:
                        
                        <list>
                            <item>for <supplied reason="subaudible">one plot of</supplied> 100 feet, to the west to the east<note>That is, it seems, 100 feet from the western to the eastern boundary of the plot.</note>
                                <gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                                <supplied reason="subaudible">by</supplied> 120 feet, to the north to the south, the sale-price <supplied reason="subaudible">is</supplied> 36 gold coins;</item>
                            
                            <item>for <supplied reason="subaudible">one plot of</supplied> 280 feet, to the west to the east
                                <gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                                <supplied reason="subaudible">by</supplied> 170 feet, to the north to the south, the sale-price <supplied reason="subaudible">is</supplied> 28 gold coins.</item>
                        </list>	
                        
                    </p>      		
                    
                    <p n="17-19">
                        The artisans of the five castes who reside in Tirukkaṭavūr having bought as such <supplied reason="subaudible">this</supplied> land,
                        having built the temple of Akkacālai Piḷḷaiyār <supplied reason="subaudible">with</supplied> a monastery <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>maṭam</foreign></supplied> and a hall <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>maṇṭakam</foreign></supplied>,
                        a flower-garden has been fully completed for this <supplied reason="subaudible">purpose</supplied>.
                    </p>
                    
                    <p n="19-25">
                        
                        The artisans of the five castes of Tāñcavūr of the eighty-six regions having said that
                        there should be
                        <gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        for the seventy-four <foreign>ākaraṇattār</foreign>,
                        
                        having kept<note>That is, designated/selected.</note> Nāni Āṭiyapātapaṇṭāram, so as to protect the pious act so ordered,
                        
                        having given in his hand the title-deed of the copper type,
                        <gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        
                        for the persons 
                        <gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        in the great monastery,
                        there is the proceeding of the worship of Īśvara and of services for the flower garden for this <supplied reason="subaudible">purpose</supplied>.
                    </p>
                    
                    <p n="25-27">
                        <gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        having given
                        <gap reason="ellipsis"/>,
                        this should proceed, after donation, as long as the moon and the sun.
                    </p>
                    
                    <p n="27-33">
                        <supplied reason="subaudible">Those</supplied>, showing respect to this pious act,
                        among the merit <gap reason="ellipsis"/>
                        they will obtain the fruit obtained by doing <foreign>darśana</foreign> of the red feet and of Śivakāmī Ammaṉ in Cidambaram,
                        they will obtain the fruit obtained by doing <foreign>darśana</foreign> of Amirtakaṭēśvara Abhirāmi Ammaṉ Kālasaṁhāramūrti,
                        they will obtain the fruit obtained by Mārkaṇḍeya<note>Mārkaṇḍeya has been saved from time/death by Śiva as Kālasaṁhāramūrti.</note>.
                    </p>
                    
                    <p n="33-36">Persons, whoever, who do harm to this pious act <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>taṟumam</foreign></supplied>, let them be those who undergo the sin of killing a tawny cow on the bank of the Ganges and those who undergo the sin of killing their mother, father and spiritual master.</p>
                    
                    <p n="36-37">The price <gap reason="ellipsis"/></p>
                    
                    <p n="37-38">For <gap reason="ellipsis"/> in Uḷḷūr <gap reason="ellipsis"/>, for Piḷḷaiyar of this <foreign>cālai</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">one</supplied> fanam<note>That is, <foreign>paṇam</foreign>, a gold coin currency, expressed here by a symbol.</note>.</p>
                    
                </div>
                
                <div type="textpart" subtype="zone" n="B">
                    <head xml:lang="eng">Label on recto of the plate</head>
                    
                    <p n="1-2">
                        Let us claim the nectar!
                    </p>
                </div>
                
            </div>
            
            <!--<div type="commentary">
                
                </div>-->
            
            <div type="bibliography">
                
                <p>Edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on autopsy and photos (Emmanuel Francis, 2022).</p>
                
                <!--<listBibl type="primary"/>		
                    
                    <listBibl type="secondary"/>-->
                
            </div>
            
        </body>
    </text>
</TEI>
