# Vaḻuvūr, Vīraṭṭāṉēśvara temple, time of Tribhuvanacakravartin
Rājādhirāja, year 5

Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis

Authors of digital edition: Renato Dávalos, Emmanuel Francis

Identifier: DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00164

Repository: Tamil Nadu (varia) (tfa-tamilnadu-epigraphy)

File path: DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00164.xml

Language: Tamil [Grantha, Tamil]

Commit: 2026-11-09 18:23 (fbd1441), last modified 2026-09-29 11:10
(5251b7d)

## Summary

Nañcamutu Ceytāṉ, landowner (uṭaiyāṉ) of Mūlaṅku, set up an endowment
for the Tiruvatirai festival (carry out during month of Mārkaḻi) in
which the Lord who rules over Tiruvātavūr (tiruvātavūr āḷi nāyaṉārkku),
most probably Māṇikkavācakar is taken out in procession as he listens to
the tiruvempāvai. The endowment is also used to cover for items that
were used during the Paṅkuni month festival.

## Palaeographic description

On paleaographical grounds, this record may be assigned to the twelfth
century, as already suggested in EI. The image reproduced in the
publication which is confirmed by the published facsimile.

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## Edition

⟨1⟩ ∥ ௳ tribhuva¡n!⟨ṉ⟩a-{ś}cakrava⟨r⟩ttikaḷ śrī-rāja⟨2⟩dhirāja-devaṟku
yāṇṭu 5-Āvatu

kaṟkaṭaka-nāyaṟṟu pūrva pakṣattu trayōdaśiyuñ canikki[ḻamaiyum peṟṟa
kēṭṭai] […] nāḷ I¡nn!⟨ṉṉ⟩am Im-mūlaṅkuṭaiyā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ ⟨na⟩ñcamutu ceytāṉ
tiruvātavūr āḷi ṉāyaṉārkku mārkaḻi-t ti⟨3⟩(ru)vātirai(yi)¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ aṉṟu
tiruv¿a?⟨e⟩mpāvai kēṭpitt-aruḷa Eḻuntaruḷukaikkkum paṅkuni-t tiru(nāḷ)iṟ
pattak(aḷ) tiruna […] (ru)-p paḷḷittāmam tiruviḷakk-eṇṇai y-amutu paṭi
y-uḷḷiṭṭu vēṇṭuva¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ avaiyiṟṟukku

vēṇṭu¡n!⟨ṉ⟩a ⟨4⟩ kācu pati¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ oṉṟē kālukku-p policaikku Iṟ(ṟai nāḷāṟ)
śrī-paṇṭarāttu Oṭukki¡n!⟨ṉ⟩a kācu 30 Ik-kācu […] [kutti]ṅkaḷ Araikkāl
ci¡nn!⟨ṉṉ⟩am policai y-āka

vanta kācu pati¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ oṉṟē kāl Ik-kācu-p (paṭi)⟨5⟩(ṉ oṉṟē) [4+] (m)
A¡ṇ!⟨ṉ⟩ṟāṭu tēva(ka)¡n!⟨ṉ⟩(mikaḷ) [2+] ñ [1+] śrī-māh(e)śvara-k
ka(ṇ)kāṇi ce(yv)ārkaḷ […] ṭu Itirunāḷ(āl) * Eḻunta⟨ru⟩ḷuvikka-k kaṭavōm
ā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩amaikku kālveṭṭu ∥ ௳

## Apparatus

⟨1⟩ ∥ ௳ • EI considers this as the final punctuation of the inscription
Tamil Nadu 163, which ends in the same epigraphical line, right before
the present inscription. But as the former inscription itself starts
with the same punctuation, it makes sense to consider that this is the
initial punctuation of the present inscription.

## Translation

⟨1–2⟩ 5th year of the glorious king Rājādhirāja, emperor of the three
worlds.

...

## Commentary

This inscription and INSTamilNadu00163 are closely related and most
likely belong to the same administrative dossier of the temple. The
record is taken as belonging to the reign of Rājadhirāja II.

## Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1912–13 (ARIE/1912-1913/B/1912/421) and in Swaminathan
2019 (SII 38.421).

Edited in Swaminathan 1998, with facsimile (EI 40.64B).

This edition by Renato Davalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on
Swaminathan 1998 and photos (E. Francis, 2024).

### Primary

[EI] Swaminathan, S. 1998. “Two Chōḷa inscriptions from Vaḻuvūr.” EI 40,
part VII, October 1974, pp. 293–298. Pages 293–298, item 64.B.

[SII] Swaminathan, S. 2019. South Indian inscriptions. Volume XXXVIII:
Inscriptions collected during the year 1912. South Indian Inscriptions
38. New Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Director General). Page
479, item 421.

### Secondary

ARIE 1912–13. G.O. No. 961, 2nd August 1913. Epigraphy. Recording the
progress report of the Assistant Archaeological Superintendent for
[Epigraphy], Southern Circle, for the year 1912-1913. Edited by H.
Krishna Sastri. No place, 1913. Page 49, appendix B/1912, item 421.