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            <title>Mandhal Charter of Rudrasena II, Year 5</title>
            <title type="alt">Mandhal Plates of Rudrasena II, Year 5</title>
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               <persName ref="part:daba">
                  <forename>Dániel</forename>
                  <surname>Balogh</surname>
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            <funder>European Research Council (ERC), grant agreement no 809994</funder>
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            <authority><ref target="https://dharmalekha.info">DHARMA</ref></authority>
            <pubPlace>Berlin</pubPlace>
            <idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSSiddham00182.xml</idno>
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            <availability><licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">CC BY-SA 4.0</licence></availability>
            <date from="2019" to="2026">2019-2026</date>
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         <change who="part:daba" when="2023-05-15" status="draft">Additional global changes for compatibility with DHARMA</change>
         <change who="part:axja" when="2021-07-06" status="draft">Updating toward the encoding template v03</change>
         <change who="part:daba" when="2020-08-04" status="draft">Initial import: harmonising file structure with DHARMA inscription template v02. Text and comments as inherited from the Siddham archive of January 2019, unless otherwise indicated (by a name and date in the comment). Comments are offered "as is" and do not represent a thoroughly considered or researched opinion.</change>
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<lb n="01"/><ab>dr̥ṣṭaM</ab><!-- 
dr̥ṣṭaM is written between lines 1 and 2. There is no margin to speak of, and Shastri's facsimile is far from clear, but I think the word does start earlier than regular text lines. 
--><p><pb n="1v"/><!-- 
The plate bears a numeral 1 on the verso in the left margin below l3. Mark up as fw? 
--><lb n="1"/>siddhaM<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> bhagavato Ekārṇṇava-salila-vistārita-nāga-rājño nan<choice><unclear>t</unclear><unclear>n</unclear></choice>asya <unclear>tasya vacasphuṭa-phaṭājala</unclear>-bhoga-śāyi<!-- 
L1. Siddham is, I think, the regular beginning of line 1, but it may start with a hanging indent and should perhaps be treated as in the margin. The facsimile is not clear enough to tell. 
--><!-- 
L1. Shastri reads nannasya and notes that the reading may be nantasya, adding that both nanna and ananta are found "in early inscriptions" as the name of the snake king. 
--><!-- 
L1. Line 1 was damaged in a goldsmith's attempt to cleanse the plate. I keep Shastri's reading and add unclear markup where it doesn't seem to make good sense. He prints the text as clear, only noting (attached after jala) that "the reading of this portion is uncertain". I can't make out anything in the facsimile; I find tasya odd and not very likely, and would tentatively hazard phaṇā-jāla instead of phaṭājala. Bakker_2010a:467n40 reads/emends va(kr)a-sphuṭa-phaṭā-j(ā)la ... (muṇḍa)svāminas. 
--><lb n="2" break="no"/>-yoga-nidrām upagatasya śaṅkha-cakkrāsi-dhāriṇaḥ deva-<unclear>de</unclear>vasya mondasvāminas sandeśāT<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> Agni-ṣṭo<!-- 
L2. I'm not sure about cakkrāsi; S's transcript seems to have cakrakrāsi and the facsimile is unclear. 
--><lb n="3" break="no"/>māpto<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>yy<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>m<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>o</corr></choice>kthya-ṣoḍaśy-atir<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>tra-vājapeya-br̥haspati-sava-sādyaskra-catur-aśva-medha-yājina<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> viṣṇu<!-- 
L3. I'm again unsure about āptoyya. I need a good facsimile of this inscription. Shastri prints yya, correcting to ryyā, but I suspect this may be a typo and the actual reading is ryya. 
--><lb n="4" break="no"/>vr̥ddha-sagotra<space type="binding-hole"/>sya samrājaḥ vākāṭakānām mahārāja-śrī-pravaras<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>e</corr></choice>nasya sūnos sūnoḥ<!-- 
L4. The facsimile is so poor that I cannot be sure of the location of the hole with respect to the text. 
--><!-- 
L4. S reads sūnoḥssūnoḥ. The facsimile is getting better, and I do see two faint dots at this point, but I believe they are just random dots, not a visarga. (All the more so because some, though not all, clear visargas later on are pairs of circles, not dots. 
--><lb n="5"/>Atyanta-svāmi-mahā-bhairava-bhaktasya A<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied>sa-bhāra-sanniveśita-śivaliṅgodvahana-śiva-suparituṣṭa-samu<lb n="6" break="no"/>tpādita-rāja-vaṁśānām parākkramādhigata-bhāgīratthy-amala-jala-mūrddh<surplus>n</surplus>ābhiṣiktānāṁ daśāśva-medhāvabhr̥tha<!-- 
L6. I assume the plate has mūrddhnābhi°. S actually prints mūrddhānabhi, which seems unlikely. The facsimile is again illegible at this point. 
--><pb n="2r" break="no"/><!-- 
The plate bears a numeral 2 on the recto in the left margin below l8. Mark up as fw? 
--><lb n="7" break="no"/>-snātānāṁ bhāraśivānām mahārāja-śrī-bhavanāga-dauhitrasya gautamī-putrasya putrasya vākāṭakānām ma<lb n="8" break="no"/>hārāja-śrī-rudrasena-sūnoḥ satyārjjava-kāruṇya-śauryya-vikkrama-naya-vinaya-māhātmya-dhīma<sic>tv</sic>a<!-- 
L8. As S points out, the regular phrasing is rudrasenasya sūnoḥ. Given that such a construction is repeated in l11, there is probably no need for emendation, but the use of a compound does strike me as odd here. 
--><!-- 
L8. As S also points out, one would expect atyanta-māheśvarasya after rudrasena[+sya] sūnoḥ. 
--><lb n="9" break="no"/>-pātra-gata-bhaktitva-dharmma-vijayitva-mano-nairmmalyādi-guṇa-samupetasya varṣa-śatam abhivarddhamā<!-- 
L9. S observes that related charters read guṇais samupetasya or guṇa-samuditasya. 
--><lb n="10" break="no"/>na-kośa-daṇḍa-sādha<space type="binding-hole"/>na-santāna-putra-pautriṇaḥ yudhiṣṭhira-vr̥tter vvākāṭakānām mahārāja-śrī-pr̥thi<lb n="11" break="no"/>v<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ṣe<choice><sic>n</sic><corr>ṇ</corr></choice>a-sūnoḥ bhagavataś cakkra-lakṣma-pratiṣṭhita-śāsanasya vākāṭakānām mahārāja-śrī-rudrasenasya<!-- 
L11. As S points out, the regular phrasing is pr̥thivīṣeṇasya sūnoḥ. Given that such a construction also occurs in l8, there is probably no need for emendation, but the use of a compound does strike me as odd here. 
--><!-- 
L11. The compound cakkra-lakṣma-pratiṣṭhita etc is strange in a similar way as those with putra above. As S notes, the standard phrasing is cakrapāṇeḥ prasādopārjjita-śrī-samudayasya. 
--><lb n="12"/>vacanāT</p>
<p>padmapura-pūrvva-mārgge Asmat-santakās sarvvāddhyakṣa-niyoga-niyuktā Ājñā-sañcāri-kula-
						<pb n="2v"/><lb n="13"/>putrādhikr̥tāḥ bhaṭāś <unclear>ch</unclear>āt<unclear>tr</unclear>āś ca <choice><sic>vyuṣita</sic><corr>viśruta</corr></choice>-pūrvvayājñayājñāpitavyā<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied><supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied><space/> viditam astu vaḥ yathehāsmābhi<!-- 
L13. S does not note the non-standard spelling ājñāpitavyāḥ. 
--><lb n="14" break="no"/>r ātmano dharmmāyur-bbala-vijayaiśvaryya-vivr̥ddhaye Ihām<choice><sic>ū</sic><corr>u</corr></choice>tra-hitārttham ātmānugrahāya vaijayike dha<lb n="15" break="no"/>rmma-sthāne <space/> kurudumbhakasya Apara-pārśve <space/> śaṅkhikayoḥ Uttara-pārśve <space/> bābbaikāyāḥ p<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>rvva-
<lb n="16"/>pārśve <space/> phukudu<space type="binding-hole"/>bhakasya dakṣiṇa-pārśve <space/> selluddraho nāma grāma<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> Acchabhallikā nāma <unclear>grā</unclear><!-- 
L16. Given the name kurudumbhaka in l15, I think we should assume an omitted or lost anusvāra in phukudubhaka (there is certainly no mbh here). 
--><lb n="17" break="no"/>maḥ saragrāmakā nāma grāmaḥ Aragrāmakā nāma grāmaḥ <space/> vātsagulmaka<unclear>sya</unclear><!-- 
L17. The pair saragrāmakā and aragrāmakā is a bit strange. I wonder if both are meant to be the same and if the correct name is suragrāmakā. The A in aragrāmakā is quite certainly A, not su. 
--><!-- 
L17. S reads vātsagulmakāryya at the end of l17, emending to °kā°. Looking at S's facsimile, the reading is almost certainly sya, not ryya. 
--><lb n="18"/>sātvata-caraṇādhivāsa-dvayasya<add rend="mark" place="below"><unclear>brāhma</unclear>ṇānā<unclear>ṁ</unclear> nānā-gotra-caraṇā<unclear>n</unclear>ā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> ya s<unclear>v</unclear><choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice><unclear cert="low">dh</unclear><supplied reason="omitted">y</supplied><choice><sic><unclear>a</unclear></sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ya-ni<unclear>ratānā</unclear><supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied></add> <space/> apūrvva-dat<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>yā Udaka-pūrvvam atisr̥ṣṭaḥ<!-- 
L18. S notes that the punctuation mark after dvayasya is the only one in the inscription, and it's superfluous at that. I am actually quite certain that the mark is not regular punctuation, but an insertion mark which shows that the text of the extra line on this page goes here. It's a short vertical, from about baseline to midline height. 
--><!-- 
L18. S assigns number 19 to the additional line on this page. Whether or not the mark after dvayasya in l18 is a kākapāda, l19 is certainly an addition meant to be read at that point, and not a regular line between l18 and the first line on the next page. (This is also the only page of the document with 7 lines on it.) Hence subsequent lines in my edition bear a number one less than they do in Shastri's edition. Much of the text of the additional line is unclear in the facsimile and may be worth studying in the original. For now I keep Shastri's readings, except for some additional unclear markup and the reading of an unclear v where he only reads sa(dha)ya and emends to svādhyāya. I have no clue to the function of the ya after caraṇānāṁ, but it seems quite clear. Shastri only notes that "this letter is superfluous." 
--></p>
<p>Ucitā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied>ś cāsya
						<pb n="3r"/><!-- 
The plate bears a numeral 3 on the recto in the left margin below l20. Mark up as fw? 
--><lb n="19"/>pūrvva-rājñānumatā<choice><sic>M</sic><corr>N</corr></choice> cāturvv<choice><sic>e</sic><corr>ai</corr></choice>dyāgrahāra-maryyādā-parihārān vitarāmaḥ<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> tad yathā<!-- 
L19. The facsimile is again pretty poor here, but Shastri's rājñā seems to be correct, though strange. A compound woulde be expected and would make more sense since the reference is (presumably) not to one specific erstwhile king. 
--><!-- 
L19. I follow S's readings in other details too, but I'm far from sure if rvve is not in fact rvvai. 
--><lb n="20"/>A-kara-dāyī A-bhaṭa-cch<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>tra-prāveśyaḥ A-pārampara-go-balivarddaḥ A-puṣpa-kṣīra-sando<lb n="21" break="no"/>haḥ <space/> A-cārāsa<space type="binding-hole"/>na-carmmāṅgāra<unclear>ḥ</unclear> A-lava<choice><sic>n</sic><corr>ṇ</corr></choice>a-<sic>kiṇva</sic>-k<unclear>kr</unclear>eṇi-khanakaḥ sarvva-viṣṭi<!-- 
L21. Note the spelling kiṇva, quite clear in the facsimile. 
--><!-- 
L21. S prints kreṇi; the first character looks more like ke or kke in the facsimile. 
--><lb n="22" break="no"/>-parihāra-parihr̥taḥ sa-nidhis sopanidhiḥ sa-kl̥ptopakl̥ptaḥ Ācandrāditya-kālīya<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied><!-- 
L22. kl̥ is probably correct, but not very clear in the facsimile. 
--><!-- 
L22. I can't make out kālīya at the end of this line and I'm not sure three characters actually fit in the available space. 
--><lb n="23"/>putra-pautrānugāmī bhuñjatā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> na kenacid vyāghāta<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> karttavyaḥ sarvva-kriyābhis saṁrakṣi<pb n="3v" break="no"/><lb n="24" break="no"/>tavya<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> parivarddhayitavyaś ca<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied><space/> yaś cāsmacchāsanam agaṇayamānas svalpām api pari<!-- 
L24. S prints svalpām āpi; I believe this is a typo. No ā mātrā is visible in the facsimile. 
--><lb n="25" break="no"/>bādhā<sic>n</sic> kuryyāt <sic>kārā<add place="below">pa</add>yita</sic> vā tasya <space/> brāhmaṇair vveditasya <space/> sa-daṇḍa<sic>n</sic> nigrahaṁ kury<unclear>y</unclear>āma<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied><!-- 
L25. There is a character pa below line 25 (26 in S's edition), between rā and ya. S reads this as inline, but it is evidently an addition. 
--><lb n="26"/>Asmi<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied>ś ca dharmmā<space type="binding-hole"/>dara-karaṇe <space/> At<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>tān<choice><sic>ai</sic><corr>e</corr></choice>ka-rāja-<sic>dattanā</sic> <space/> sañcintana<!-- 
L26. S emends dattanā to the expected datta- but since there is definitely a space after the word, I believe the intent was rather dattānāṁ. 
--><lb n="27" break="no"/>-paripālan<choice><sic><unclear>ā</unclear></sic><corr>aṁ</corr></choice> <space/> kr̥ta-puṇyānukīrttana-parihārārtthaM na kīrttayāmaḥ<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied><!-- 
L27. S reads paripālana, but the character seems to be nā. 
--><!-- 
L27. The halanta M is a small and simplified character, deeply subscript. 
--><lb n="28"/>saṅkalpābhi<surplus>d</surplus>yoga-parākkramopajitān <unclear>v</unclear>arttamānān ājñāpayāma<unclear>ḥ</unclear><supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied><!-- 
L28. S reads varttamānān, but I do not see v at all, only narttamānān. 
--><pb n="4r"/><!-- 
The fourth plate seems to have no pagination. 
--><lb n="29"/><sic>eṣyatat</sic>-kāla-prabhaviṣ<choice><sic>n</sic><corr>ṇ</corr></choice>u-gauravād bhaviṣyān vijñāpayāmaḥ<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> vyāsa-gīt<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice> cā<supplied reason="omitted">tra</supplied> śloka<unclear>ḥ</unclear><!-- 
L29. The subscript y of vyāsa seems to be tripartite, which is quite a surprise. Sastri gives a detailed palaeographic analysis and does not note this, so maybe I'm seeing this wrong in the facsimile. 
--><lb n="30"/>pramāṇī-karttavyaḥ</p>
<lg n="1" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a">sva-dattām para-dattāṁ vā</l>
<l n="b">yo hareta vasundharāṁ</l>
<l n="c">gavāṁ śata-sahasra<lb n="31" break="no"/>sya</l>
<l n="d">hantu<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied> hara<space type="binding-hole"/>ti duṣkr̥taM</l><!-- 
L31. The facsimile is again very poor here and I'm not entire sure of the location of the hole. 
--></lg>
<p>sa<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied>v<surplus>v</surplus>atsare pañcame varṣa-pakṣe ṣaṣṭh<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>e</corr></choice><!-- 
L31. S's edition seems to read pañcage instead of pañcame. The facsimile is not very good here, but the character definitely doesn't look like g and could well be m, so this is probably a typo in Sastri. 
--><lb n="32"/>divase saptame<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> <space/> s<supplied reason="omitted">v</supplied>a-mukhājñ<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>pti<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied><supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> <space quantity="2" unit="character"/> likhitaṁ senāpati-vibh<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ṣañena<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied>
<lb n="33"/>sidhir astu<unclear>|</unclear><!-- 
L33. Shastri describes the closing punctuation mark as looking like a visarga. The facsimile is very unclear, but I think the sign is visible. 
--></p>
				
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            <p>First reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:IAR1981-1982"/><citedRange>81</citedRange></bibl> (No. 31). Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Shastri+Gupta1997_01"/></bibl>. Discussed in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Shastri1987_01"/><citedRange>46-48</citedRange></bibl>, <bibl><ptr target="bib:Shastri1997_01"/><citedRange>85-88</citedRange></bibl>.</p>
            <p>Originally encoded for Siddham in the project Beyond Boundaries (Grant Agreement No. 609823) by Dániel Balogh (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Balogh2019_03"/><citedRange unit="item">IN00182</citedRange></bibl>). Encoding updated to DHARMA conventions by Dániel Balogh.</p>
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