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            <title>Baigram Charter of the Time of Kumāragupta I</title>
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               <resp key="creator"/>
               <persName ref="part:daba">
                  <forename>Dániel</forename>
                  <surname>Balogh</surname>
               </persName>
            </respStmt>
            <funder>European Research Council (ERC), grant agreement no 809994</funder>
</titleStmt>
         <publicationStmt>
            <authority><ref target="https://dharmalekha.info">DHARMA</ref></authority>
            <pubPlace>Berlin</pubPlace>
            <idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSSiddham00061.xml</idno>
            <!-- 
If this file is moved into a named DHARMA corpus, retain the Siddham identifier as <altIdentifier> 
-->
            <availability><licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">CC BY-SA 4.0</licence></availability>
            <date from="2019" to="2026">2019-2026</date>
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         <p>Encoded in TEI/EpiDoc according to the <ref target="https://hal.science/halshs-02888186">DHARMA Encoding Guide for Documentary Editions, version 2</ref></p>
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         <change who="part:daba" when="2023-05-15" status="draft">Additional global changes for compatibility with DHARMA</change>
         <change who="part:axja" when="2021-07-06" status="draft">Updating toward the encoding template v03</change>
         <change who="part:daba" when="2020-08-04" status="draft">Initial import: harmonising file structure with DHARMA inscription template v02. Text and comments as inherited from the Siddham archive of January 2019, unless otherwise indicated (by a name and date in the comment). Comments are offered "as is" and do not represent a thoroughly considered or researched opinion.</change>
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			<div type="edition" xml:lang="san-Latn" rendition="class:83225 maturity:83211">
<p><pb n="1r"/><lb n="1"/>svasti<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> pañcanagaryyā bhaṭṭāraka-pādānuddhyātaḥ kumārāmātya-kulavr̥ddhir etad-viṣayādhikaraṇañ ca<!-- 
Edition based on Basak (B), Sircar (SI) and Agrawala, revised on the basis of the photo at http://museumsofindia.gov.in/repository/record/nat_del-66-1-551, in which many details are much clearer than in the early rubbings. 
--><!-- 
L1. Agrawala prints °dhyātaḥ, a typo; B correctly has °ddhyātaḥ. 
--><lb n="2" break="no"/>vāyigrāmika-trivr̥t<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>-śrīgohālyoḥ brāhmaṇottarān samvyavahāri-pramukhān grāma-kuṭumbinaḥ kuśalam anu<lb n="3" break="no"/>varṇya bodhayanti<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> <choice><sic>vijñāpayator atraiva</sic><corr>vijñāpayato 'traiva</corr></choice>-vāstavya-kuṭumbi-bhoyila-bhāskarāv<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> āvayoḥ pitrā śivanandi<lb n="4" break="no"/>nā kāritaka-bhagavato govindasvāminaḥ deva-kulas tad asāv alpa-vr̥ttikaḥ<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> Iha viṣaye samudaya<!-- 
Not sure about kāritaka. B and Agrawala print the ta as unclear and the ka as clear (Agrawala then emends to kāritakaḥ). Both are quite indistinct in my facsimiles, but other solutions seem equally plausible: 1. read kāritaḥ, with a scratch on the plate between the dots of the visarga; 2. read kārito, followed by a malformed character; 3. combine these two and assume first-hand correction from kāritaḥ to kārito: the indistinctness of the o mātrā of the t would then be explained by its being a later addition, and the scratch across the visarga could be a deletion mark. Note though that -svāminaḥ devakulas is not corrected later on in the same line. 
--><!-- 
B and Agrawala both correct devakulas to devakulam and all adjectives and the pronoun to neuter. This seems like over-correction to me. 
--><lb n="5" break="no"/>-bāhyādy-astamba-khila-kṣ<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>e</corr></choice>ttr<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ṇām akiñcit-pratikarāṇāṁ śaśvad ācandrārkka-tāraka-bhojyānā<sic>ṁm</sic> akṣaya-nīvyā<!-- 
L5. SI says ādyastamba means "covered with original shrub, i.e. fallow". I don't find this very convincing and I'm inclined to think astamba means not planted with grain, or perhaps without grass (for grazing), but the whole expression seems rather uncertain; in my interpretation, the ādi is a bit unexpected. 
--><!-- 
L5. B and SI both read kṣettrāṇām, but I see no trace of e and ā mātrā in the very clear photograph. 
--><!-- 
L5. The anusvāra in bhojyānāṁm may have been deleted. 
--><lb n="6"/>dvi-dīnārikkya-kulya-vāpa-vikkrayo nuvr̥ttas<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> tad arhathāvayos sakāśāt ṣ<choice><sic>ī</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>ḍ dīnārān aṣṭa ca rūpakān āyī<!-- 
L6. B and SI read ṣaḍ; the plate clearly has ṣīḍ. Must be a sort of eyeskip with ḍdī. 
--><lb n="7" break="no"/>kr̥tya bhagavato govindasvāmino deva-kule khaṇḍa-phuṭṭa-pratisaṁsk<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ra-karaṇāya <space type="descender"/> gandha-dhūpa-dīpa<!-- 
L7. The word phuṭṭa seems to be a Prakritism for sphuṭita (Basak). See also the same word in IN00056 and IN00062. 
--><lb n="8" break="no"/>-sumanasā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> pravarttanāya ca trivr̥tāyām bhogilasya khila-kṣettra-kulya-vāpa-trayaṁ <space type="descender"/> śrīgohālyā<choice><sic><unclear>ś</unclear></sic><corr>m</corr></choice> api<!-- 
L8. The spelling of the name is bhogila here, but bhoyila in lines 3 and 14. 
--><!-- 
L8. B and SI read °gohālyāścāpi, emending to gohālyāñ cāpi. But the photo shows the character clearly: there is neither a subscript v, nor an ā mātrā here, only a śa, with the top stroke extended on the left toward the ā of lyā. This may have been meant as correction from śa to ma, transforming the top stroke into a headmark. The right descender does not seem to have been deleted or corrected. 
--><lb n="9"/>tala-vāṭakār<unclear>t</unclear>tha<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> sthala-vāstuno droṇa-vāpa<unclear>m</unclear> ekaṁ <space/> bhāskarasyāpi sthala-vāstuno droṇa-vāpañ ca dātu<!-- 
L9. The t of rttha (read as rtha by B and SI) is malformed, missing the side stroke. Still, the long stem was definitely meant to be t, and th is subscript. 
--><!-- 
L9. me is also malformed, with a body shaped much like p, but a headmark on the right vertical. 
--><lb n="10" break="no"/>m iti<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied><space/>
</p>
<p>yato yuṣmān bodhayāma<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied><supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied><space/> pustapāla-durgādattārkkadāsayor avadhāraṇayā Avadhr̥ta<lb n="11" break="no"/>m astīha viṣay<unclear>e</unclear> samudaya-bāhyādy-astamba-khila-kṣettrāṇā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> śaśvad ācandrārkka-tāraka-bhojyānāṁ dvi-dī<lb n="12" break="no"/>nārikya-kulya-vāpa-vikkrayo nuvr̥ttaḥ<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> Evaṁ-vidhāpratikara-khila-kṣettra-vikkraye ca na kaścid rājārttha-
<lb n="13"/>virodha Upacaya Eva bhaṭṭāraka-pādānāṁ dharmma-phala-ṣaḍ-bhāgāvāptiś ca<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> tad dīyatām iti Etayoḥ <lb n="14"/>bhoyila-bhāskarayos sakā<supplied reason="omitted">śā</supplied>t ṣaḍ dīnārān aṣṭa ca rūpakān āyīkr̥tya bhagavato govindasvāmino
<lb n="15"/>deva-kulasyārtthe bhoyilasya trivr̥tāyāṁ <space/> khila-kṣettra-kulya-vāpa-trayaṁ tala-vāṭakādy-artthaM<!-- 
L15. The halanta M (obscured by a logo in the photo but clear in the rubbing) is a peculiar cursive form, looking like a la without a headmark. See also note to l17. 
--><pb n="1v"/><lb n="16"/>śrīgohālyā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> sthala-vāstuno droṇa-vāpaṁ bhāskarasyāpy atr<choice><sic>ī</sic><corr>ai</corr></choice>va sthal<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>-v<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>stuno droṇa-vāpa<!-- 
L16. B, SI: atraiva; sthale 
--><!-- 
On the facsimile, the text °syāpyatraivasthaleva° seems to be a different hand: the lines are thinner, and the characters are more widely spaced. Note also that this bit contains two spelling mistakes. Is this ancient correction/forgery/filling up of a space left empty? It could be just a random difference in spacing and state of preservation. 
--><lb n="17" break="no"/>m</p>
<p>eva<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> kulya-vāpa-trayaṁ sthala-droṇa-vāpa-dvayañ ca <space/> Akṣaya-<choice><sic>nīvyās</sic><corr>nīvyā</corr></choice> tāmra-paṭṭena dattaM<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> ninna<!-- 
L17. The halanta M has the same strange form as in l15 above. 
--><!-- 
L17. B, SI note that that ninna is either a Prakritism (compare phuṭṭa in l7 above) or a spelling mistake for nimna, perhaps meaning low-lying land as opposed to sthala. 
--><lb n="18"/>ku <num value="3">3</num> sthala-dro <num value="2">2</num>
</p>
<p>te yūyaṁ sva-karṣaṇāvirodhi-sthāne darvvīkarmma-hastenāṣṭaka-navaka-naḷābhyā<!-- 
Basak notes that instead of te yūyaṁ the Paharpur plate (%IN00065) has tad yūyaṁ, which he deems better. 
--><lb n="19" break="no"/>m apaviñcchya <space type="descender"/> cira-kāla-sthāyi-tuṣāṅgār-ādinā cihnaiś cāturddiśo niyamya dāsyathākṣaya<!-- 
L19. Basak and Agrawala correct ādinā to ādīnāṁ, but a genitive would look strange to me; I'd expect ādibhiś and assume the single instrumental is a mistake for that. Cf. also l14 of the Nandapur plate (%IN00133), where °ādi is compounded to cihnaiś. 
--><lb n="20" break="no"/>-nīvī-dharmme<choice><sic>n</sic><corr>ṇ</corr></choice>a ca śaśvat-kālam anupālayiṣyatha varttamāna-bhaviṣyaiś ca saṁvyavahāryy-ādibhir eta<lb n="21" break="no"/>d dharmmāpekṣayānupālayitavyam iti<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> <space/> Uktañ ca bhagava<supplied reason="omitted">tā</supplied> veda-vyāsa-mahātmanā<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied><space/><!-- 
Basak corrects bhagava to bhagavad (in comp with vedavyāsa). I follow Agrawala (Sircar?) and emend to bhagavatā, which seems more in line with other versions of this phrase. 
--></p>
<lg n="1" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a">sva-dattāṁ para-dattāṁ <lb n="22"/>v<surplus>v</surplus>ā</l>
<l n="b">yo hareta vasundharāṁ<unclear>|</unclear><!-- 
L22. The punctuation character (if it is one) is a curved line slanting from top left to bottom right and bulging to top right. Its top is at the bottom of the ā mātrā; its bottom is a bit above the bottom of the r's descender. There is no punctuation in the subsequent verses. Still, this doesn't seem to be a halanta M. 
--></l>
<l n="c">sa viṣṭhāyāṁ k<sic>ri</sic>mir bhūtvā</l>
<l n="d">pitr̥bhis saha pacyate<space/></l>
</lg>
<lg n="2" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a">ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣa-saha<lb n="23" break="no"/>srāṇi</l>
<l n="b">svargge modati bhūmidaḥ<space/></l>
<l n="c">Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca</l>
<l n="d">tāny eva narake vaseT<!-- 
L23. The halanta T is a cursive subscript character resembling a ga. 
--></l>
</lg>
<lg n="3" met="anuṣṭubh">
<l n="a">pūrvva<lb n="24" break="no"/>-dattāṁ dvijātibhy<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>o</corr></choice></l>
<l n="b">yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira<space/></l>
<l n="c">mahī<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> mah<sic>i</sic>matāṁ śreṣṭha</l>
<l n="d">dānāc chreyo nupāla<lb n="25" break="no"/>nam</l>
</lg>
<p>iti<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> saṁ <num value="128"><g type="numeral">100</g> <g type="numeral">20</g> 8</num> māgha di <num value="19"><g type="numeral">10</g> 9</num>
</p>
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		<div type="commentary">
		</div>
		<div type="bibliography">
            <p>First reported and edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Basak1931-1932_01"/></bibl>.</p>
            <p>Originally encoded for Siddham in the project Beyond Boundaries (Grant Agreement No. 609823) by Dániel Balogh (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Balogh2019_03"/><citedRange unit="item">IN00061</citedRange></bibl>). Encoding updated to DHARMA conventions by Dániel Balogh.</p>
<listBibl type="primary">
   <bibl n="siglum"><ptr target="bib:AuthorYear_01"/></bibl>
</listBibl>
<listBibl type="secondary">
   <bibl><ptr target="bib:Bhandarkar1927-1936_01"/><citedRange unit="item">2114</citedRange></bibl>
   <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sircar1965_02"/><citedRange unit="book">III</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">41</citedRange></bibl>
   <bibl><ptr target="bib:Agrawala1983_01"/><citedRange unit="item">29</citedRange></bibl>
   <bibl><ptr target="bib:Goyal1993_01"/><citedRange unit="item">183-188</citedRange></bibl>
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